NOTES

ACT I

3. Lüisa, spelled with the dieresis for metrical reasons.

4. Narcisos. Now a common noun and written with a small letter. In origin the word is derived from the mythological character, Narcissus, the son of the river Cephissus and the nymph Liriope. He was insensible to the charms of all the nymphs, who at last appealed to Nemesis for revenge. She made him fall in love with his own image reflected in a fountain; because he could not grasp it he longed for death and, according to Ovid, was metamorphosed into the flower which bears his name. A century before Lope it had evidently not yet passed into such common usage, for in the Celestina we read: "Por fe tengo que no era tan hermoso aquel gentil Narciso, que se enamoró de su propia figura cuando se vido en las aguas de la fuente." (Novelistas Anteriores á Cervantes, p. 25.)

8. consultas are reports or advice submitted to a ruler, hence the use of alteza.

12. el duque de Medina. Gaspar Alonzo de Guzmán, duque de Medina-Sidonia, was a relative of Olivares and head of the great house of Guzmán of which the prime minister was a descendant through a younger branch. He was immensely wealthy and enjoyed high favor at court during the first years of the reign of Philip IV. Later, as governor of Andalusia, he conceived the idea of establishing a separate kingdom, as his brother-in-law, Juan de Braganza, had done in Portugal in 1640. His plans were discovered and as punishment and humiliation he was compelled to challenge the king of Portugal to a duel for the aid the latter was to give to the projected uprising in Andalusia. He made the journey to the Portuguese border only to find that Braganza had ignored his challenge. Covered with ridicule by the affair he passed the rest of his life in obscurity and disgrace. At the time Lope de Vega was writing La Moza de Cántaro he seems to have been seeking the favor of Olivares and therefore made the leading character of the play a relative of the favorite and the Duque de Medina-Sidonia.

17. Lindamente... vanidad, You know my weakness! You are trying to flatter me.

62. Flandes. In the time of Lope de Vega Spain held the Netherlands and constantly maintained a large force there.

66. que yo... aquí, for of all those who appear here I do not see one to whom I should direct my favor.

Stage directions: hábito de Santiago: The order of Santiago is one of the oldest and most distinguished of all the Spanish military orders. It is said to have been approved by the Pope in 1175 and had during the middle ages great military power. The right to confer it is now vested in the crown of Spain. The badge is a red enamel cross, in the form of a sword with a scallop-shell at the junction of the arms.

181. Duque, that is, the Duque de Medina. See v. 12 and note.

477. Muriósele á una casada, A woman's husband died.

484. vertiendo poleo, putting on airs. Poleo, "strutting gait, pompous style."

499. Porque no vuelva el marido, Lest the husband might return.

Tu que la tabla de Susana miras, Si del retrato la verdad ignoras, La historia santa justamente adoras, La retratada injustamente admiras.

748. Adamuz, pueblo sin luz. This refrain is not now current in the place and its origin cannot be definitely determined. It may be a reflection upon the state of intelligence of the inhabitants of the town and a pure creation of the poet, but rather would it seem to be due to the natural features of the town, for it is situated in a fold of the mountains.

877. vengo de las Indias. Hence the name "Indiano," which may mean that one is a native of the Indies or simply a Spaniard who is returning from there after having made his fortune. The term has a depreciative meaning also, and then is an equivalent of our nouveaux riches, for which we in turn are indebted to the French. (See Introduction.)

ACT II

Si fuera por la Vera de Plasencia Á buscar primavera al jardín mío, Hallara tu Leonor en competencia. Obras Sueltas, vol. I, p. 268.

Quando lo digo lo sé. Tres puntos del que los vé Que no son puntos de vara: Puntos, que puedo decir, Según en su condición, Que tres en un punto son: Ver, desear, y morir.

The sense of the passage seems to turn on the words punto and cara. A punto or "point" is one twelfth of the antiquated French line and one one hundred and forty-fourth of an inch. By a comparison of the two editions it is clear that there is a play on this word. Cara is probably a typographical error for vara, but it may be used here in a related sense to the archaic á primera cara, which was the equivalent of á primera vista. Therefore the sense of ll. 961-2 is: "That is the size that one would take of that foot with a measure," or "That is the size that one would take by a glimpse of that foot."

974. á cierta dama depends upon pregunté.

1067. Con débil caña, etc. "En la edición antigua de la comedia: Con débil caña, con freno herrado." (Note by Hartzenbusch.)

1153. En él este amor bebí. Here as well as in the following line él refers to cántaro.

1155. Sirena. The Sirens were fabulous mythological monsters, half bird and half woman, which were supposed to inhabit reefs near the island of Capri and lure sailors to their death by the sweetness of their song.

1237-40. Observe that one of these verses concludes each of the following stanzas or décimas. Such a verse is called the pie de décima.

1303. Os costará, etc. The sense of the verb is plural unless we take it as impersonal and supply an infinitive construction after it.

1307. virillas. In addition to its usual meaning, vira, or virilla, is used to denote the border around the top of the shoe, which is its meaning in the present instance.

1495. los lavaderos. The banks of the Manzanares immediately in the rear of the Royal Palace have long been the public lavaderos or washing-places of the city of Madrid, and every day acres of network of lines are covered with drying linen. It is here naturally that the gallants of the lower classes go to meet their sweethearts, and scenes such as we have portrayed later in the play are of frequent occurrence. Cf. note on verse 441.

¡O Belerma! ¡O Belerma! Por mi mal fuiste engendrada, Que siete años te serví Sin de ti alcanzar nada; Agora que me querías Muero yo en esta batalla.

Durandarte was the cousin of the knight Montesinos who gave his name to the celebrated cave of la Mancha, visited by don Quijote, whose adventures in this connection are narrated in Don Quijote, Part II, Chapters XXII and XXIII. Cervantes calls Durandarte the "flor y espejo de los caballeros enamorados" and probably Lope is indebted to his great contemporary for the word, which he uses in the sense of lances de amor.

En la coz y mordiscón Parece rocín gallego.

1733-4. The language of these two verses is drawn from the popular proverbs: "Tantas veces va el cántaro á la fuente, alguna se quiebra," and "Tantas veces va el cántaro á la fuente, que deja el asa ó la frente." Doña María uses parts of each of these forms.

1818. gigote=jigote.

ACT III

2238. proverbio, that is, the proverbial use of cántaro in the expression alma de cántaro.

Igualará la pluma á la grandeza, Y el Parnaso de vos favorecido Tendrá en su frente el cielo como Atlante. Obras Sueltas, vol. IV, p. 277.

But Lope knew it in its more exact architectural sense and apparently uses it so in the following lines:

Y otras del reino importantes, Que siendo en ellos atlantes, Serán rayos de Archidona. La Estrella de Sevilla, Act I, Scene IV.

2360 and ff. Compare the similar sentiment expressed by the author in el Cuerdo en su casa, Act II, Scene XXIV:

El que nació para humilde, Mal puede ser caballero. .............. Haya quien are y quien cave; Siempre el vaso al licor sabe.

2444. Mondoñedo, a town in Galicia, northeast of Lugo, with a population of about 12,000. This region has been particularly prolific in noble houses and among them is that of Lope de Vega. He mentions the fact in el Premio de bien hablar, when he makes don Juan say:

Nací en Madrid, aunque son En Galicia los solares De mi nacimiento noble, De mis abuelos y padres. Para noble nacimiento Hay en España tres partes: Galicia, Vizcaya, Asturias, Ó ya montañas se llamen.—

2549-50. que no soy tan del Conde, I do not belong so much to the Count.

2685. á escuras=á oscuras.

Mil y quinientas fabulas admira, Que la mayor el numero parece, Verdad que desmerece Por parecer mentira, Pues más de ciento en horas veintiquatro Passaron de las Musas al Teatro. Obras Sueltas, vol. IX, p. 368.

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