Front matter (continued 10)

On November the 5th, a mass meeting was held in the Hippodrome, in Stephen's Street, Melbourne, with Mr. Hamilton, President of the Society for the Abolition of Capital Punishment, in the chair. The principal speaker was Mr. David Gaunson, M.L.A., and a resolution was unanimously carried to the effect that the case of Edward Kelly was a fit one for the exercise of the Royal Prerogative of Mercy. The Melbourne Argus said that "those present belonged to the larrikin classes," but the attendance was estimated at 4000 persons (including 300 women) inside the building, and about 2000 outside who could not obtain admittance. Similar meetings were also held in Ballarat, Bendigo, Geelong, and other towns, but these efforts were of no avail, and Ned Kelly, "the last of the bushrangers," was hung in the Melbourne gaol, on November 11th, 1880.

Within a few days afterwards, a show was opened in Melbourne, with Kate Kelly, one of the sisters of the dead bushrangers, "mounted on Ned Kelly's celebrated grey mare." A suit of the armour used in the last great fight at Glenrowan, several guns, pistols, and revolvers alleged to have been used in the various raids committed by the bushrangers, some handcuffs and other articles which had belonged to, or were used by them, were exhibited, and some particulars of their careers were given in the form of a lecture, but the police authorities soon interfered and the show was closed. It was re-opened in Sydney, but was suppressed there as "tending towards immorality" almost immediately, and the Kellys returned to the obscurity of private life.

Thus ended the last act in the great tragedy which had supplied almost the only feature of romance to Australian history. Bushranging had been spoken of as "the national crime of Australia," but, as I have shown, there was very little bushranging outside the three colonies—New South Wales, Van Diemen's Land, and Victoria. It was rather an excrescence on, than a development of, Australian character. It has been estimated that the bushrangers in the colonies from the date of the great outbreak inaugurated by Frank Gardiner in 1861, to the death of Ned Kelly, with their more active partisans, never exceeded 300 persons, and the story of their exploits shows how even so small a party can disturb a whole country when the rebels are reckless and determined. It may be said in conclusion, that crime has steadily decreased in Australia from the cessation of transportation. At first, while the gold fever raged, the improvement was very slight, but from the date when the population settled down to steady work the criminal statistics, which are very complete in the colonies, show a steady diminution in crimes against the person or property. There was an increase in the years during which the Ben Hall and Gilbert gang, and their imitators in New South Wales, Victoria and New Zealand, were most active, but even this did not materially affect the general result, and was speedily compensated for after the death of Thunderbolt and the capture of Power. In this last epoch of bushranging the Moonlite and Kelly gangs arrested the movement to some degree, but far less sympathy was exhibited with them than in the earlier epoch, and their deeds did not inspire so many young men with the desire to go and do likewise, as those of Hall and Gilbert had done. In fact, bushranging had ceased to be popular, so that the retrogression was small in comparison. Since then numbers of gaols have been closed or converted to other uses. There was a time when every little town in New South Wales had its gaol. Now many of these gaols have been converted into factories or stores, or are used for municipal or other purposes. In Victoria the gaols were fewer but larger, and several of these have been closed, while others once full are now almost empty. A similar story might be told of each of the other colonies of the Australasian group, and Australia as a whole compares favourably with other civilised countries in criminal matters. What the Irishman calls "the bad drop" in the blood of the country has been purged away by the most drastic remedies, and it is extremely improbable that there will ever again be a Frank Gardiner or a Ned Kelly to incite the young and thoughtless to deeds of violence.

THE END.

INDEX.

Allerton, Benjamin,195, 196 Anderson, James, 155 Anderson, see Beveridge, John Armytage, 117, 118 Atkins, William, 165 Atterill, James, alias Thomson, 111-113 Baker, John, 306 Baldwin, James, 274 Bankes, Anthony, 111-113 Barry, 163 Baylie, John, 145, 146 Beavors, George, alias Berry, 108-110 Bennett, alias Wyndham, see Gough, Charles Hugh Bennett, Graham, 349 Bermingham, George, 229 Berry, James, 79, 80 Berryman, Thomas, 278 Bertram, William, 306, 315 Beveridge, John, alias Anderson, 106, 107 Billy from the Den, see Jenkins, Henry Bird, 44 Birkett, Moses, 186 Black Jack, 24 Black Mary, 19 Blue Cap, see Cotterall, Robert Bodenham, Thomas, 33-35 Bollard, John, 306, 313 Booth, James, 298 Booth, John, 130 Boulton, John, 167-169 Bourke, Robert, 316 Bowe, Charles, 145, 146 Bow, John, 202-204, 256, 276, 313 Boyd, 57, 58 Boyd, James, alias McGrath, 296, 312 Brace, Emanuel, 56, 57 Brady, Mathew, 44-47, 71, 82, 353 Brannagan, Francis, 155 Brennan, see Smith, Henry Brennan, Stephen, 123 Britton, Frederick, 207 Brookman, William, 282, 312-314 Broomfield, James, 114 Broughton, 41 Brown, 47 Brown, Harry, 274 Brown, James, 33-35, 39 Brown, William, 155 Brownlow, John, 206 Bryan, William, 166 Bryant, James, 41-47 Bryant, James, 87 Bryant, Richard, 154, 155, 158 Bull, 57, 58 Bullfrog, Jacky, 199 Burgess, Richard H., alias Miller, 327-332 Burke, 221-225, 276 Burns, John, 41 Burrow, Arthur, 166 Byrnes, Joe, 360-382 Campbell, Robert, 286 Captain Melville, see McCallum, Frank, alias Smith Captain Moonlite, see Scott, George Captain Thunderbolt, see Ward, Frederick "Carrots," 29 Cash, Martin, 118-123, 130 Cashan, alias Nowlan, 99-101 Charters, Daniel, 202-204, 333 Cheetham, 37 Chesley, John, 155 Chinese Bushranger, The, 293 Chitty, Robert, 87 Christie, see Gardiner, Frank Clarke, 294 Clarke, James, 269-270 Clarke, John, 269-276, 317, 355 Clarke, Samuel, 312 Clarke, Thomas, 269-276, 317, 355 Clayton, 239 Clayton, Thomas, 173-176 Clegg, James, 173-176 Connell, Morris, 48 Connell, Patrick, 270, 276 Connell, Tom, 270, 276 Connelly, Patrick, 41 Connors, John, 298 Conway, John, 115-117 Cooper, Patrick, 173-176 Cornelius, Bill, alias Kenelly, 33-35, 39 Cotterall, Robert, alias Blue Cap, 286, 312 Cowan, or Cohen, 45, 46 Cox, Thomas, 37, 38 Coxen's Tom, see Long Tom Crawford, James, 41, 46 Crookwell, James, 232, 279 Crumsden, George, 123 Cummings, 281 Cunningham, Thomas, alias Smith, 274, 313 Curran, Paddy, 71-73, 78, 79, 80 Dalton, 185 Dalton, Alexander, 33-34, 39 Dalton, James, 121, 122 Daly, Patrick or Patsy, 213, 214 Dargue, Henry, 313 Dargue, Thomas, 313 Davis, 200, 276 Davis, Bill, 37 Davis, George James, alias Huntley, 106, 107 Davis, Joseph, 173-176 Davis, Michael Henry, 195 Davis, Teddy or Edward, The Jewboy, 71, 82-88, 353 Davis, William, 111-113 Dermoodie, 344 Dido, see Driscoll, Timothy or William Dobson, 307 Donnelly, 294 Donohoe, Johnny, 55 Donovan, Daniel, 155 Donovan, John, 145 Douglass, John, 166 Downes, John, 41 Downey, James, 199 Driscoll, Timothy or William, alias Dido, 182-184 Duncan, James, 143 Duncan, William, 129, 130 Dunkley, see Willis, William Dunleavy, John, 239-241, 276 Dunleavy, see Lynch, John Dunn, Johnny, 241-256, 276, 304 Dunne, 41, 42, 44, 47 Dunne, William, 228 Edwards, William, 160 Egan, John, 281 Ehrstein, Aaron von, 195 Ellis, John, alias Yanky Jack, 96-99 Ellison, George, 161 Eumarrah, 30 Eureka Gang, The, 145, 146 Everett, John, 87 Farrell, Christopher, 140 Farrer, Abraham, 129, 130 Finegan, John, 145, 146 Fitzgerald, Patrick, alias Paddy Wandong, 282 Fletcher, John, 117 Fletcher, William, 270 Fogarty, Young, 96-99 Foley, Charles, 206 Foley, Francis, 217 Foley, John, 212, 216, 217, 276 Foley, Timothy, 217 Foran, John, 282, 313 Foran, Patrick, 298 Ford, Henry, 180 Ford, John, 278 Fordyce, Alexander, 202-204, 256, 276, 312 Forster, John, 236 Gardiner, Frank, alias Christie, 193-204, 212, 254-257, 269, 271, 276, 304, 311-314, 316, 335, 353, 355, 384, 385 Gardner, John, 129, 130 Garrett, Henry Beresford, 167-169, 327 Garroway, William, 166 German Bill, 259, 274 Gilbert, Johnny, alias Roberts, 205, 212, 217-253, 256-258, 269, 271, 276, 304, 326, 337, 339, 369, 384, 385 "Ginger," 173-176 Glanvill, Richard, 87 Goldman, 141 Goodison, Christopher, 165 Gordon, 276 Gordon, Richard, 181 Gorman, Thomas, 350 Gough, Charles Hugh, alias Wyndham, alias Bennett, 274, 313 Green, 95 Greenhill, Bob, 33-38 Gregory, 47 Griffiths, Dennis, 173-176 Griffiths, George, 115 Griffiths, John, 41 Gunn, John, 115 Gunn, William, 91 Hall, 59 Hall, Ben, 217, 221-253, 256-258, 269, 271, 276, 304, 337, 339, 370, 384, 385 Hammond, James, 160 Hampton, Thomas, 298 Hanslip, George, 170 Harrison, Samuel, 115 Hart, Steve, 360-382 Hath, see Hitchcock Anthony Healy, John, 207 Heather, 208, 209 Herbert, William, see Jones, Charles Hickson, 186 Hill, James, 233 Hitchcock, Anthony, alias Hath, 51-53 Hobbs, William, alias Hoppy Bill, 350 Hodgetts, 47 Hogan, 117, 118 Hopkins, 40, 41, 47 Hopkins, Jonas, 114 Horne, Joseph, 306 Houlihan, Michael, 130 Howe, Mike, 19-21, 82, 353 Huntley, see Davis, George James Hurn, Thomas, 115 Hutchinson, William, 90 Jackey, Bullfrog, see Bullfrog Jackey, Jackey, the Gentleman Bushranger, see Westwood, William Jack, Muck, see Stanton Patrick Jackson, James, 86 Jackson, John, 129, 130 Jack the Lagger, see Jones, John Jack the Rammer, 57, 58 James, John, alias Johnston, 142, 143 Jamieson, George, 182 Jefferies, 40, 46, 47 Jeffs, Riley, 115-117 Jenkins, Henry, alias Billy from the Deu, 181 Jenkins, John, 56, 57 Jepps, the Vandemonian, 96-99 Jewboy, The, see Davis, Edward or Teddy Johnson, Charley, 284 Johnson, see Power, Harry Johnson, William, 274 Johnston, Henry, 145, 146 Johnstone, Robert, 291 Jones, 182 Jones, Charles, 350 Jones, Charles, alias Herbert, William, 233 Jones, David, 51, 53 Jones, James, 233, 312 Jones, John, 184 Jones, John, alias Jack the Lagger, 108-110 Jones, Richard, 155 Jones, see Williams, Thomas Jones, Thomas, 118-122 Jones, William, 155 Kavanagh, Lawrence, 118-123, 129, 130, 132 Kaye, William, 350 Keene, Henry, 194, 196 Kelly, 185 Kelly, Bartley, 109 Kelly, Dan, 354-384 Kelly, Edward, 282, 313 Kelly, James, 154, 155 Kelly, James, 298 Kelly, James, 354 Kelly, John, 274, 313 Kelly, Ned, 320, 341, 345, 353-384 Kelly, Ted, 282 Kelly, Thomas, alias Noon, 327-332 Kenelly, see Cornelius, Bill Kennedy, James, alias Southgate, 298 Keer, John, alias Maher, 280, 299 Keys, 58 Lacey, George, 41 Lambeth, William, 115 Lawler, Michael, 194, 196 Layworth, William, 161 Lee, Henry, 117 Lee, William, 279 Levy, Philip, 327-332 Lewis, Nicholas, 108-110 Liddell, John, 121, 122 Long, Tom, alias Coxen's Tom, 93 Long, Ned, 93 Lowe, see Young, John Lowry, Frederick, 212, 219, 220, 256, 276, 355 Lynam, George, 232 Lynch, John, alias Dunleavy, 60-70, 77, 333 Lynch, Patrick, 123 Lynch, William, 93 Lyons, see Nesbit, James McCabe, James, 41, 42, 44, 45 McCallum, Frank, alias Thomas Smith, alias Captain Melville, 148-156, 236 McCallum, James, 114 McCann, John, 93 McCarthy, 184 McDonald, Hector, 22 McDonald, William, see O'Donnell, James McGrath, see Boyd, James McGuire, John, 202-204 McGuire, Thomas, 84 McIntyre, 99-102 McKenny, 47 McLean, 109 McMahon, John, alias McManus, 195 Maberley, 186 Mack, William, 158 Mackay, Charles, 207 Mackay, James, 207 Mackie, William, 195, 291, 298 Macpherson, Alpin, alias The Wild Scotchman, 337-340 Maher, see Kerr, John Maher, Walter, 283 Maloney, Thomas, 155 Manns, Henry, 202-204, 276 Marriott, Henry, 167-169 Marshall, John, 87 Mason, 299 Mathers, John, 33-36 Mathews, Daniel, 232 Maynard, Donald, 59 Mayne, 59 Melville, Edward, 142 Melville, George, 164, 165 Melville, Captain, see McCallum, Frank, alias Smith Middleton, Richard, alias Ruggy Dick, 277 Miles, John, 280 Miller, see Burgess, Richard H. Miller, see Slater Mills, Peter, 21 Mitchell, Robert, 173-176 Moonlite, Captain, see Scott, George Moran, 298 Moore, 122 Moore, 109 Mordecai, see Woolf, James Morgan, Daniel, 258-268, 276, 304, 315, 370 Morgan, James, 143 Morgan, John, 91 Mount, James, alias The Old Man, 237-241, 257 Murphy, 42, 45 Murphy, Jeremiah, 164, 165 Murphy, John, 164, 165 Musquito, 23, 24, 29 Naisk, John, 173-176 Nesbit, James, alias Lyons, 348 Noon, see Kelly Thomas Nowlan, see Cashan Nugent, James, 167 O'Connor, William, 205, 206 O'Donnell, James, alias McDonald, William, 93 Old Man, The, see Mount, James O'Meally, 212-216, 221-228, 276, 355 O'Sullivan, Jeremiah, 173-176 Owens, John, 279 Paddy, Wandong, see Fitzgerald, Patrick Parrott, Samuel, alias Powell, 51 Payne, John, 282, 312 Peisley, John, 196-199, 276 Perry, 47 Perry, John, 52, 53 Perry, Peter, 186 Pickthorne, William, 130, 132 Pierce, Alexander, 33-39, 73, 333 Pilcock, 139 Poole, John, 51-53 Poulston, 186 Power, Harry, alias Johnson, 318-325, 341, 356, 385 Price, John, 117, 130 Quinn, 317 Quinn, Thomas, 167-169 Regan, 196 Regan, James, 111-113 Regent, 316 Rider, Charles, 41 Riley, James, 51-53 Roberts, 167 Roberts, see Gilbert, Johnny Roberts, Thomas, 117 Roberts, William, 148-152 Robinson, 185 Rogan, Thomas, 349 Rogers, William, 161 Ross, Alexander, 205, 206 Ross, Charles, 195 Ross, Charles, 205, 206 Ruggy, Dick, see Middleton, Richard Russell, 40 Rutherford, Charles, 298 Ryan, 238 Ryan, James, 51-53 Ryan, Jeremiah, 41 Ryan, Patrick, 281 Scotchman, The Wild, see Macpherson, Alpin Scotchy, 73 Scott, Bill, 271-274, 276 Scott, George, alias Captain Moonlite, 342-350, 385 Scott, William, 140 Scrimshaw, William, 130, 132 Sears, Henry, 108-110 Seary, Michael, 232 Seymour, 278 Shanks, James, 352 Shanks, Robert, 352 Shea, Daniel, 312 Shea, John, 87 Shepherd, John, 280 Simmons, William H., 313 Simpson, William, 161 Slater, alias Miller, 284 Slattery, Michael, 279 Smart, Henry, 180 Smith, 160 Smith, 298 Smith, Henry, 155 Smith, Henry, alias Brennan, 155 Smith, James, 313 Smith, Robert, 195 Smith, Thomas, see McCallum, Frank, alias Captain Melville Smith, Thomas, see Cunningham South, John, 91 Southgate, John, 232 Southgate, see Kennedy, James Stallard, Alfred, 165 Stanley, Frank, alias Wright, 233 Stanmore, Charles, 296 Stanton, Patrick, alias Jack Mack, 320 Steele, Henry, 88 Stevenson or Stephenson, Alexander, alias Telford, 106 Stroud, Thomas, 161 Suffolk, Owen, 140 Sullivan, Daniel, 294 Sullivan, John Joseph, 327-333 Swallow, William, alias Waldon, 104-107 Tattersdale, Thomas, 56, 57 Taverner, William, 313 Taylor, Daniel, 313 Taylor, John, 233 Telford, see Stevenson or Stephenson, Alexander Thomson, see Atterill, James Thompson, John, 41 Thompson, John, 295 Thunderbolt, Captain, see Ward, Frederick Tierney, James, 41 Tilly, 47 Tracey, Thomas, 277 Travers, Mathew, 33-36 Underwood, Will, 55, 56 Vandemonian, see Jepps Vane, 221-225, 256, 276 Vaut, Charles, 88 Waldon, see Swallow, William Walker, Isaac, 41 Walmsley, 55, 56 Ward, Frederick, alias Captain Thunderbolt, 289-302, 304, 315, 322, 370, 341, 385 Watson, William, 194 Watts, William, alias Charles or George Williams, 106-107 Webb, Thomas, 233 Webber, 55, 56 Weekes, John, 298 Welsh, Michael, 59 Wernicke, Gus, 349 Westwood, William, alias Jackey Jackey, 71-78, 82, 127-133, 269, 353 Whelan, Thomas, 108 Whitehead, 18, 19 Whiting, Henry, 130, 132 Whitton, 73 Wild Scotchman, The, see Macpherson, Alpin Williams, 45 Williams, Charles or George, see Watts, William Williams, George, 22 Williams, George, 207 Williams, Herbert, see Jones, Charles Williams, Jack, 96-99 Williams, John, 155 Williams, John, 282, 313 Williams, Thomas, 155 Williams, Thomas, alias Jones, 349 Wilkinson, John, alias Wilton, 91 Willis, William, alias Dunkley, 298, 312 Willison, George, 207 Willmore, Thomas, 178-180, 258 Wilson, 93 Wilson, 95 Wilson, George, 164, 165 Wilson, Harry, 288 Wilson, John, 182-184 Wilson, John, 277 Woolf, James, alias Mordecai, 108-110 Wright, John, 80 Wright,—— 336 Wright, see Stanley, Frank Wyndham, alias Bennett, see Gough, Charles Hugh Yankee Jack, see Ellis, John Young Fogarty, see Fogarty Young, John, alias Lowe, 155 Young, William, 161

A. Bonner, Printer, 1 and 2, Took's Court, London, E.C.

OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.

"Mr. Boxall's pages are very rich in interest and lucid in their information. The history of the bushrangers is a succession of fierce contests and sudden death. To the ordinary man bushranging centres in the name of Kelly, and the chapters of Mr. Boxall's history which describe the audacities of the two brothers—Dan and Ned—in the seventies, are perhaps the cream of the book. In the last of the bushrangers we lost a magnificent soldier; he had the blood of a thousand terriers, and a certain grim humour too."—Academy.

"A very full and detailed history of the origin of bushranging, its development, and its gradual decrease."—Bookman.

"Mr. Boxall's volume about Australian bushrangers is not always agreeable reading, for it concerns the exploits of some of the most murderous and daring ruffians whose names are to be found in the annals of crime. It is a book, however, from which there is something to be learned, for it exemplifies—in a remarkable degree—the maxim that rough-and-ready methods of suppressing crime are apt to create the very evils which they are designed to abate."—Daily News.

"The author of this deeply-interesting book states in his preface that he has compiled it in the hope that it may be of service to future historians of Australia. Quite apart from that, however, it will appeal strongly to those who take an interest in the annals of crime and the daring of celebrated criminals."—Daily Telegraph.

"It is the encyclopædia, history, and analysis of bushranging life, and could not well be more complete. If his story is as thorough as an encyclopædia, it is vastly more interesting—as crime and romantic facts always are. Uncommonly well done; it amounts to 385 pages of attractive reading."—Pall Mall Gazette.

"We can cordially recommend this book as a sound book of reference agreeably put together."—British Australasian.

"Mr. Boxall gives us a solid and impressive, and not a catch-penny nor sensational, work. He tells us, in strictly matter-of-fact manner, of the rise and collapse of bushranging in the various colonies where it had its brief life—that is in Tasmania, New South Wales, and Victoria."—Melbourne Argus.