FOOTNOTES

The embarrassments of an ambassador under these circumstances are hardly exaggerated, perhaps, in Chapman's play, Monsieur D'Olive, where the fictitious statesman bursts into a protest:

"Heaven I beseech thee, what an abhominable sort of Followers have I put upon mee: ... I cannot looke into the Cittie, but one or other makes tender his good partes to me, either his Language, his Travaile, his Intelligence, or something: Gentlemen send me their younger Sonnes furnisht in compleat, to learn fashions, for-sooth: as if the riding of five hundred miles, and spending 1000 Crownes would make 'am wiser then God meant to make 'am.... Three hundred of these Gold-finches I have entertained for my Followers: I can go in no corner, but I meete with some of my Wifflers in there accoutrements; you may heare 'am halfe a mile ere they come at you, and smell 'am half an hour after they are past you: sixe or seaven make a perfect Morrice-daunce; they need no Bells, their Spurs serve their turne: I am ashamed to traine 'am abroade, theyle say I carrie a whole Forrest of Feathers with mee, and I should plod afore 'am in plaine stuffe, like a writing Schole-maister before his Boyes when they goe a feasting."

114. Ibid.

133. Ibid.

144. Ibid.

166. Ibid.

"Lycus, which lately is to Venice gone, Shall if he doe returne, gaine three for one."

231.

"In twenty manere coude he trippe and dance After the schole of Oxenforde tho, And with his legges casten to and fro."

The Milleres Tale, 11. 142-4.

278. Ibid.

378.

"The merest John Trot in a week you shall see Bien poli, bien frizé, tout à fait un Marquis." (Samuel Foote, Dramatic Works, vol. i. p. 47.)

The Hon. James Howard, The English Mounsieur, London, 1674; Sir George Etherege, Sir Fopling Flutter, Love in a Tub, Act III. Sc. iv.

The Abbe le Blanc on visiting England was very indignant at the representation of his countrymen on the London stage: he describes how, "Two actors came in, one dressed in the English manner very decently, and the other with black eye-brows, a riband an ell long under his chin, a big peruke immoderately powdered, and his nose all bedaubed with snuff. What Englishman could not know a Frenchman by this ridiculous picture?... But when it was found that the man thus equipped, being also laced down every seam of his coat, was nothing but a cook, the spectators were equally charmed and surprised. The author had taken care to make him speak all the impertinences he could devise.... There was a long criticism upon our manners, our customs and above all, our cookery. The excellence and virtues of English beef were cried up; the author maintained that it was owing to the quality of its juice that the English were so courageous, and had such a solidity of understanding which raised them above all the nations of Europe" (E. Smith, Foreign Visitors In England, London, 1889, pp. 193-4).

380. Ibid.

381.

"Let Paris be the theme of Gallia's Muse Where Slav'ry treads the Streets in wooden shoes." (Gay, Trivia.)

389. Ibid.

"From school to Cam or Isis, and thence home: And thence with all convenient speed to Rome. With reverend tutor clad in habit lay, To tease for cash and quarrel with all day: With memorandum-book for every town, And every post, and where the chaise broke down."

Foote's play, An Englishman in Paris, represents in the character of the pedantic prig named Classick, the sort of university tutor who was sometimes substituted for the parson, as an appropriate guardian.

The Renaissance traveller had little commendation for a land that was not fruitful, rich with grains and orchards. A landscape that suggested food was to him the fairest landscape under heaven. Far from being an admirer of mountains, he was of the opinion of Dr Johnson that "an eye accustomed to flowery pastures and waving harvests is astonished and repelled by this wide extent of hopeless sterility" and that "this uniformity of barrenness can afford very little amusement to the traveller" (Works, ed. 1787, vol. x. p. 359).

Thomas Cecil in Paris in 1562 studied the richly illustrated Cosmographia Universalis of Sebastien Munster (pub. Basel 1550) which gave descriptions of "Omnium gentium mores, leges, religio, res gestæ, mutationes."

Sir Thomas Browne recommends to his son in France in 1661 Les Antiquities de Paris "which will direct you in many things, what to look after, that little time you stay there" (Works, ed. Wilkin, 1846, vol. i. p. 16).

(b) Deliciæ Galliæ, sive Itinerarium per universam Galliam. Coloniæ, 1608.

(c) Iodoci Sinceri Itinerarium Galliæ, Ita accomodatum, ut eius ductu mediocri tempore tota Gallia obiri, Anglia et Belgium adire possuit: nec bis terve ad eadum loca rediri oporteat: De Burdigala, Lugduni, 1616.

(d) Le Voyage de France Dresse pour l'instruction et commodite tant des Francais que des Estrangers. Paris, chez Olivier de Varennes, 1639.