BORDERS

1. Machlinia. Border used by R. Pynson. William de Machlinia printed a Book of Hours with borders which later passed into Pynson’s hands. The design consists of spirals of flowers and foliage. 1483

2. Caxton. Fifteen Oes. A decorative border of which the main features were spirals of flowers and foliage varied by the introduction of birds and grotesque animals. 1494

3. Pynson. Morton Missal. One of the fine borders of the Morton Missal, consisting of four pieces introducing spirals of flowers and fruit. The bottom panel contains Cardinal Morton’s rebus. The reproduction, which is slightly reduced, also shows one of the beautiful initials designed for this Missal. (See Frontispiece.) 1500

4. Notary. Chronicle of England. Border made up of flowers, animals, and various other designs, all separate. 1504

5. Pynson. Petrus Carmelianus, which is built up with a series of small ornaments resembling narrow strips of ribbon introducing fleurons. 1508

6. Pynson. Sebastian Brant’s Shyp of Folys. These border pieces were used by Pynson on either side of his illustrations. The one reproduced is formed by a series of half fleur-de-lys alternating with another pattern and divided by double white lines. 1509

7. De Worde. Design from Nicodemus Gospel made up of all kinds of odd ornaments. N.D. (c. 1515)

8. Pynson. Built-up border from Year Books of Edward III. This design included spirals of fruit and leaves, human figures, a dragon and a monkey. 1518

9. Pynson. Sallust. An effective border appears on each side of the illustration. Note also the initial R. This illustration is here reproduced by the courtesy of Messrs Maggs Bros. 1520

10. Siberch. The first border printed at Cambridge is a one-piece border of architectural design, introducing an arch supported by columns, and, below, two children acting as supporters to the Royal Arms. The border is here reproduced by the courtesy of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. 1521

11. Faques. Skelton’s Goodly Garland. A border made up of small ornaments representing the heraldic tincture “ermine.” 1523

12. Faques. Skelton’s Goodly Garland. On three sides of the illustration are printers’ ornaments made up of variations of the fleuron. 1523

13. Treveris. Border from the Greate Herball, two pieces of which formerly belonged to Wynkyn de Worde. 1526

14. Siberch. Border design from some foreign Missal or Book of Hours. Reproduced by the courtesy of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. 1521

15. Myddylton. Lyttleton’s Tenures. A one-piece border of elaborate design introducing scroll-work and cupids. 1545

16. Siberch. Border design from some foreign missal or Book of Hours. Reproduced by the courtesy of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. 1521

17. Berthelet. Gower’s De Confessione Amantis. A window-frame border slightly reduced in size. 1554

18. Bynneman. John Grange’s Golden Aphroditus. Curious fleuron border. 1577

19. Bynneman. Palace of Pleasure, vol. ii. A typical fleuron border. 1567

20. Denham. Palace of Pleasure. A very delicate flower design enclosed in rules. 1566

21. Bynneman. A Sermon preached before the Queene’s Maiestie. Fleuron border. 1573

12. Denham. The Monomachie of Motives. Four-piece chain border, a square alternating with an oval and linked together by a ring, the top and bottom pieces being finished with a star. 1582

23. Short. Footepath to Felicitie is in a new style showing the transition stage between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 1602

24. The Lanterne of Lyghte is a one-piece window-frame border composed of rules with a small running design. c. 1600

25. Jackson. Greene’s Arbasto: The Anatomie of Fortune. A made-up design of ornaments confined in a lattice-work of white lines. 1584

26. Bishop. Border made up from a head-piece used by G. Bishop. This is one of the most usual forms of the fleuron. (See Title-page.) 1585

27. Waldegrave. The Basilikon Doron made up of two illustrative side pieces linked top and bottom by four small printers’ ornaments of different designs. 1599

28. Beale. William Martyn’s Youth’s Instructor, second edition. A curious medley combining the fleuron and the decorative block. The effect is not good, and, perhaps fortunately, it is unusual. 1613

29. Barker. A section of a bold fleuron border reproduced from the Incomparable Treasure of Holy Scripture, which was printed in large folio. 1630

30. Printer unidentified. An effective small border of separate ornaments of common design used in Hilton’s Discovery. 1664

31. Same, reversed.

32–33. Printed for Dodsley. Two curious border pieces on the title-page to Gray’s Elegy. The design is the same, in each case the implements of Time and Death—the scythe, the hour-glass, the crown, skull and cross-bones. 1751

34. Wilson of Kilmarnock. Border used on the 1786 edition of Poems by Robert Burns. The reproduction is taken from the volume of poems by David Sillar. 1789

35. Printer not identified. A grass and flower design border used on W. Baxter’s British Phænogamous Botany, vol. v., published by the author. In all probability the design was specially drawn for the book in order to harmonize with the subject. 1840

36. Printer not identified. Late eighteenth century border of rose design which may be regarded as essentially English. The reproduction is made from The Artist’s Repository. So well has this border stood the test that it may be found to-day amongst the designs of Messrs Stephenson, Blake & Co., Ltd., one of our premier type-founders. c. 1795