THE REPORT OF SEPTEMBER 12, 1904

"The undersigned came together for the purpose of investigating the question whether or not there is involved in the feats of the horse of Mr. von Osten anything of the nature of tricks, that is, intentional influence or aid, on the part of the questioner. After a careful investigation they are unanimously agreed that such signs are out of the question under the conditions which were maintained during this investigation. This decision in no wise takes into account the character of the men exhibiting the horse, and who are known to most of the undersigned: In spite of the most attentive observation, nothing in the way of movements or other forms of expression which might have served as a sign, could be discovered. In order to obviate involuntary movements on the part of those present, one series of tests was made with only Mr. Busch present. Among these tests were some in which, according to his professional judgment, the possibility of tricks of the sort commonly used in training, was excluded. Another series of tests was made in such a way that the correct answers to the questions which Mr. von Osten put to the horse, were unknown to the questioner. From previous observation the greater number of the undersigned also know of a large number of cases in which, during the absence of Mr. von Osten and Mr. Schillings, other persons were likewise able to obtain correct responses from the horse. Among these were some cases in which the questioner did not know the correct solution of the problem or was mistaken about it. And lastly, several of the undersigned have become acquainted with the method which Mr. von Osten used, which has little in common with methods of training, and is patterned after the instruction given in the elementary schools. As a result of these observations the undersigned are of the opinion that unintentional signs of the kind which are at present familiar, are likewise excluded. They are unanimously agreed that this much is certain: This is a case which appears in principle to differ from any hitherto discovered, and has nothing in common with training, in the usual sense of that word, and therefore is worthy of a serious and incisive investigation.

Berlin, September 12, 1904.

Paul Busch, Circus-manager.

Otto, Count zu Castell-Rüdenhausen.

Dr. A. Grabow, member of the schoolboard, retired.

Robert Hahn, Teacher, Municipal schools.

Dr. Ludwig Heck, Director of the Zoölogical Garden.

Dr. Oscar Heinroth, Assistant in the Berlin Zoölogical Garden.

Dr. Richard Kandt.

Major F. W. von Keller, retired.

Major-General Th. Köring, retired.

Dr. Miessner, Assistant in the Royal Veterinary College.

Prof. Nagel, Head of the department of sense-physiology in the Physiological Institute of the University of Berlin.

Prof. C. Stumpf, Director of the Psychological Institute, Member of the Academy of Sciences.

Henry Suermondt."