APPENDIX C FACTS AND DOCUMENTS OF POSITIVISM, 1841–1865
Eden Paul translation
Preparatory Work, 1841–1850
1841.
Joule: Thermogenic Effects of the Electric Current.
Herschel: Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences.
List: Das nationale System der politischen Ökonomie.
1842.
R. Mayer: Erhaltung der Energie.
R. Wagner: Handwörterbuch der Physiologie.
A. Comte: Cours de philosophie positive.
L. Feuerbach: Wesen des Christentums.
1843.
J. S. Mill: Inductive Logic.
Matteucci: Discovery of the Nerve-Current.
1844.
Faraday: Electrical Conduction and the Nature of Matter.
1845.
Discovery of the Electrical Incandescent Lamp.
1846.
W. Weber: Electrodynamic Measurements.
Discovery of Anæsthesia by Ether.
1847.
Helmholtz: Die Erhaltung der Kraft (Conservation of Energy).
Discovery of Anæsthesia by Chloroform.
1848.
Quetelet: Du système social.
Dubois-Reymond: Animal Electricity.
Discovery of Gold in California.
1849.
Discoveries of Bacillus of Anthrax and of Aniline Dyes.
1850.
Herbert Spencer: Social Statics (Identity of Laws of Organic and Social Evolution).
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Dominance of Positivism, 1851–1860.
1851–1860. Mileage of European Railway Systems increases by 250 per cent.
1851.
Lyell: Principles of Geology.
Lombroso: Concerning Marzolo’s “Monumenti storici rivelati dall’ analisi della parola.”
Schopenhauer: Parerga und Paralipomena.
Discovery of the Neanderthal Skull and Other Evidences of the Antiquity of Man.
Helmholtz: Ophthalmoscope.
Ruhmkorff: Induction Coil.
Richard Wagner: Oper und Drama.
Millet: Le Semeur; und Courbet: Das Begräbnis von Ornans.
1852.
Moleschott: Kreislauf des Lebens.
1855.
Pflüger: Electrotonus.
Naegeli: Investigations Regarding Vegetable Physiology.
Büchner: Kraft und Stoff (Force and Matter).
Faraday: Magnetic Philosophy.
Discovery of Hot-air Engine, of Bessemer Steel, and of Aniline-violet.
Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass.
1856.
Discovery of the Annular Kiln, of the Regenerative Gas Furnace, and of the Mercurial Air-pump.
J. von Liebig: Theory and Practice of Agriculture.
Le Play: Les Ouvriers Européens.
The Four Classical Years of Positivism, 1857–1860.
1857.
Bunsen: Exact Methods for the Analysis of Gases.
Morel: Traité des Dégénérescences.
Marx: Materialist Conception of History.
Buckle: History of Civilization.
Tocqueville: La Révolution et l’Ancien Régime.
Flaubert: Madame Bovary.
1858.
Virchow: Cellularpathologie.
M. Schiff: Lehrbuch der Physiologie. 180
1859.
Kirchhoff und Bunsen: Spectrum Analysis.
Darwin: Origin of Species.
J. S. Mill: On Liberty.
Discovery of the Telephone, the Ice Machine, and the Azo Colouring Matters.
1860.
Fechner: Psyohophysik.
Boucher de Perthes: De l’Homme Antédiluvien et de ses Œuvres.
Boucher de Perthes: Discovery of the Gas Engine.
Semper: Der Stil.
After-Effects, 1861–1865.
1861.
Bachofen: Das Mutterrecht (Matriarchy).
Griesinger: Pathology of Mental Disorders.
Schleicher: Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen.
Manet: Frühstück im Grünen.
Dostoieffsky: Raskolnikow.
Fontane: Wanderungen durch die Mark.
Liberation of Serfs in Russia.
1862.
Herbert Spencer: First Principles.
Ibsen: The Comedy of Love.
Tourgueneff: Fathers and Sons.
Construction of Pacific Railway.
Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
Bismarck’s Realpolitik (Blood and Iron).
1863.
Huxley: Man’s Place in Nature.
Lyell: Antiquity of Man.
Huggins: Spectra of Fixed Stars and Nebulæ.
Broca: Sur le Siège, le Diagnostic et la Nature de l’Aphémie.
Pasteur: Theory of Fermentation.
Renan: Vie de Jésus.
Wundt: Vorlesungen über die Menschen und Tierseele.
1864.
Lombroso: Genio e follia.
A. Wagner: The Reign of Law in the Apparently Voluntary Actions of Human Beings.
Lassalle: Bastiat-Schultze.
De Goncourt: Renée Mauperin. 181
Zola: Confession de Claude.
Tolstoy: War and Peace.
1865.
Meynert: Anatomy of the Cerebral Cortex and its Relations to the Sensory Surface of the Body.
Lubbock: Prehistoric Times.
Lombroso: Aliénations Mentales Étudiées par la Méthode Expérimentale.
Haeckel: Generelle Morphologie.
Von Liebig: Induktion und Deduktion.
Cannizzaro: L’ emancipazione della ragione.
J. S. Mill: Comte and Positivism.
Taine: Le Positivisme Anglais.
Extension of Democracy in England by Russell and Gladstone.
Martin Steel, Gas-engines, Influence Machines.
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