TABLES

TABLE I

THE PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Planet Mean Distance from Sun Period of Revolution Velocity in Orbit (Miles per Second) Eccentricity of Orbit Inclination of Orbit to Ecliptic

In Miles Relative to Earth's Distance

Mercury 36,000,000 0.39 87.97 days 23 to 35 .2056 7°0'

Venus 67,200,000 0.72 224.70 days 21.9 .0068 323

Earth 92,900,000 1.00 365.25 days 18.5 .0167 00

Mars 141,500,000 1.52 1.88 years 15.0 .0933 151

Asteroids[1] ........... 2.0-5.2 ......... ...... .00 to .40 0° to 35°

Jupiter 483,300,000 5.20 11.86 years 8.1 .0484 118

Saturn 886,000,000 9.54 29.46 years 6.0 .0558 229

Uranus 1,781,900,000 19.19 84.02 years 4.2 .0471 046

Neptune 2,971,600,000 30.07 164.79 years 3.4 .0085 147

THE PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM (Continued)

Name Mean Diameter in Miles Mass Volume Density Relative to that of Water Surface Gravity (Relative to Earth's) Velocity of Escape (Miles per Second) Reflecting Power in Per Cent Period of Axial Rotation Inclination of Equator to Orbit

Relative to Earth's

Sun 864,392 329,390 1,300,000 1.40 27.64 383 ..... 25 d. 8 h. 7°15'

Moon 2,160 .012 .02 3.34 0.16 1.5 7 27 d. 7.7 h. 641

Mercury 3,009 .045 .06 4.48? 0.31? 2.2 7 88 d. ? ?

Venus 7,575 .807 .92 4.85? 0.85 6.6 59 ? ?

Earth 7,918 1.000 1.00 5.53 1.00 7 44 23 h. 56 m. 2327

Mars 4,216 .106 .15 3.58 0.35 1.5 15 2437 2359

Asteroids 5-485[2] very small very small 3.3 .0008 to .04 .33 to .01 7 ..... .....

Jupiter 88,392 314.50 1309 1.25 2.52 37 56 955± 3°

Saturn 74,163 94.07 760 0.63 1.07 22 63 1014± 27°

Uranus 30,878 14.40 65 1.44 0.99 13 63 1045± ?

Neptune 32,932 16.72 85 1.09 0.87 14 73 ? ?

TABLE II

THE SATELLITES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Name Apparent Magnitude Mean Distance from Planet's Center, in miles Diameter in miles Period of Revolution Discoverer Year of Discovery

THE EARTH

Moon 238,857 2160 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes

MARS

1. Phobos 14 5,850 10? 0 days, 7 hours, 39 minutes Asaph Hall 1877

2. Deimos 13 14,650 10? 1 day, 6 hours, 17 minutes Asaph Hall 1877

JUPITER

v. 13 112,500 100? 0 day, 11 hours, 57 minutes Barnard 1892

i. 6.5 261,000 2452 1 day, 18 hours, 28 minutes Galileo 1610

ii. 6.5 415,000 2045 3 days, 13 hours, 14 minutes Galileo 1610

iii. 6 664,000 3558 7 days, 3 hours, 43 minutes Galileo 1610

iv. 7 1,167,000 3345 16 days, 16 hours, 32 minutes Galileo 1610

vi. 14 7,372,000 small 266 days, 0 hours, 0 minutes Perrine 1904

vii. 16 7,567,900 very small 276 days, 16 hours, 5 minutes Perrine 1905

viii. 17 15,600,000 very small 789 days, 0 hours, 0 minutes Melotte 1908

ix. 19 18,900,000 20? 3 years Nicholson 1914

SATURN

1. Meimas 15 117,000 600 0 days, 22 hours, 37 minutes Herschel 1789

2. Enceladus 14 157,000 800 1 day, 8 hours, 53 minutes Herschel 1789

3. Tethys 11 186,000 1200 1 day, 21 hours, 18 minutes Cassini 1684

4. Dione 11 238,000 1100 2 days, 17 hours, 41 minutes Cassini 1684

5. Rhea 10 332,000 1500 4 days, 12 hours, 25 minutes Cassini 1672

6. Titan 9 771,000 3000 15 days, 22 hours, 41 minutes Huygens 1655

7. Hyperion 16 934,000 500 21 days, 6 hours, 39 minutes Bond 1848

8. Japetus 11 2,225,000 2000 79 days, 7 hours, 54 minutes Cassini 1671

9. Phoebe 17 8,000,000 200? 546 days, 12 hours, 0 minutes W.H. Pickering 1898

10. Themis 17 906,000 ? 20 days, 20 hours, 24 minutes W.H. Pickering 1905

URANUS

1. Ariel 15 120,000 500 2 days, 12 hours, 29 minutes Lassell 1851

2. Umbriel 16 167,000 400 4 days, 3 hours, 28 minutes Lassell 1851

3. Titania 13 273,000 1000 8 days, 16 hours, 56 minutes Herschel 1787

4. Oberon 14 365,000 800 13 days, 11 hours, 7 minutes Herschel 1787

NEPTUNE

1. Nameless 13 221,500 2000 5 days, 21 hours, 3 minutes Lassell 1846

RINGS OF SATURN

Name Width, in miles Distance of Inner Edge from Surface of Saturn, in miles Distance of Outer Edge from Surface of Saturn, in miles Diameter of Ring System from outer edge to outer edge, 172,500 miles. Thickness of Ring System, about one hundred miles. Size of Individual Moonlets, probably less than three miles in diameter.

Dark or Crape Ring 10,900 5,900 16,800

Bright Ring 18,000 16,800 34,800

Cassini's Division 2,200 34,800 37,000

Outer Ring 11,000 37,000 48,000

TABLE III

THE TWENTY BRIGHTEST STARS IN THE HEAVENS

Name Magnitude Color On Meridian 9 P. M. Passes through the Zenith in Latitude Distance in Light-Years

Sirius, Alpha Canis Majoris -1.6 White February 12 17 S. 8.8

Canopus,[3] Alpha Argus -0.9 White February 8 53 S. ?

Alpha Centauri[3] 0.1 Yellow June 15 61 S. 4.3

Vega, Alpha Lyræ 0.1 White August 15 39 N. 40

Capella, Alpha Aurigæ 0.2 Yellow January 20 46 N. 38

Arcturus, Alpha Boötis 0.2 Orange June 10 20 N. 21

Rigel, Beta Orionis 0.8 Bluish-White January 20 8 S. ?

Procyon, Alpha Canis Minoris 0.5 White February 26 5 N. 12

Achernar,[3] Alpha Eridani 0.6 Bluish-White December 2 58 S. 80

Beta Centauri 0.9 Bluish-White June 7 60 S. 100

Betelgeuze, Alpha Orionis Var. 1.0-1.4 Red January 31 7 N. 150-270?

Altair, Alpha Aquilæ 0.9 White September 4 9 N. 16

Alpha Crucis[3] (Double Star) 1.6-2.1 Bluish-White May 14 63 S. 220

Aldebaran, Alpha Tauri 1.1 Red January 11 16 N. 27

Pollux, Beta Geminorum 1.2 Yellow February 28 28 N. 35

Spica, Alpha Virginis 1.2 Bluish-White May 29 11 S. ?

Antares, Alpha Scorpii 1.2 Red July 12 26 S. 850

Fomalhaut, Alpha Piscis Australis 1.3 White October 24 30 S. 25

Deneb, Alpha Cygni 1.3 White September 19 45 N. ?

Regulus, Alpha Leonis 1.3 White April 8 12 N. 32

TABLE IV

A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL CONSTELLATIONS 1. VISIBLE IN 40° NORTH LATITUDE

Name Chief Star or Noted Object On Meridian 9 P. M. Passes Overhead in Latitude[4] (Degrees)

Andromeda Great Nebula November 35 N.

Aquarius October 5 S.

Aquila Altair September 0°

Aries December 20 N.

Auriga Capella February 40 N.

Boötes Arcturus June 30 N.

Cancer Praesepe March 20 N.

Canes Venatici Cor Caroli June 40 N.

Canis Major Sirius March 20 S.

Canis Minor Procyon March 10 N.

Capricornus October 15 S.

Cassiopeia November 60 N.

Cepheus November 70 N.

Cetus Mira December 5 S.

Columba February 35 S.

Coma Berenices May 25 N.

Corona Borealis Alphecca July 30 N.

Corvus May 20 S.

Crater May 15 S.

Cygnus. Deneb September 40 N.

Delphinus Most distant globular cluster September 15 N.

Draco Alpha August 65 N.

Eridanus Achernar January 10° N. to 60° S.

Gemini Pollux March 25 N.

Hercules Great Cluster July 30 N.

Hydra April 20 S.

Leo Regulus April 15 N.

Lepus February 20 S.

Libra June 15 S.

Lynx April 45 N.

Lyra Vega August 40 N.

Ophiuchus July 10 S.

Orion Great Nebula February 0°

Piscis Australis Fomalhaut October 30 S.

Pegasus November 20 N.

Perseus Algol January 50 N.

Pisces December 5 N.

Sagitta September 20 N.

Sagittarius August 30 S.

Scorpio Antares July 30 S.

Serpens July 20° N. to 15° S.

Taurus Pleiades January 20 N.

Triangulum December 35 N.

Ursa Major Mizar May 65 N.

Ursa Minor Polaris 85 N.

Virgo Spica June 0°

2. INVISIBLE IN 40° NORTH LATITUDE

Name Chief Star or Noted Object On Meridian 9 P. M. Passes Overhead in Latitude[4] (Degrees)

Apus July 75 S.

Ara July 55 S.

Argo Navis Canopus March 50 S.

1. Carina March 60 S.

2. Puppis March 45 S.

3. Vela March 50 S.

Centaurus Alpha Centauri June 50 S.

Crux (Southern Cross) Alpha Crucis June 60 S.

Dorado Gt. Magellanic Cloud February 58 S.

Grus October 45 S.

Hydrus Lesser Mag. Cloud 70 S.

Indus September 55 S.

Lupus June 40 S.

Musca June 70 S.

Octans 85 S.

Pavo October 65 S.

Phoenix November 45 S.

Telescopium July 48 S.

Triangulum Australe July 65 S.

Tucana Great Cluster November 60 S.

Volans March 75 S.

TABLE V

PRONUNCIATIONS AND MEANINGS OF NAMES OF STARS AND CONSTELLATIONS

1. STARS

Name Pronunciation Meaning

Achernar a-ke´r-när End-of-the-River

Aldebaran al-de´b-ar-an The Hindmost

Altair al-ta´r

Antares an-ta´-rez Rival of Ares (Mars)

Arcturus ärk-t´u-rus

Bellatrix bel-la´trix The Female Warrior

Betelgeuze be´t-el-gerz or be´t-el-gez The Arm-Pit

Canopus cän-o´-pus

Capella ca-pel-la Little She-Goat

Deneb de´n-eb

Denebola de-ne´b-o-la The Lion's Tail

Fomalhaut fo´-mal-o The Fish's Mouth

Hyades hi-a-dez The Rainy Ones

Pleiades ple´-ad-ez

Pollux po´l-lux

Praesepe pre-se´-pe The Beehive

Procyon pro-si´-on Precursor of the Dog

Regulus reg´-u-lus The Ruler

Rigel ri´-gel or ri-jel

Sirius sir´-i-us The Sparkling One

Spica spi´-ka The Ear of Wheat

Vega ve´-ga

2. CONSTELLATIONS

Name Pronunciation Meaning

Andromeda an-d´rom-e-da The Woman Chained

Aquarius a-kw´a-ri-us The Water-bearer

Aquila a´k-wi-la The Eagle

Ara a´-ra The Altar

Argo Navis ä´r-go-n´a-vis The Ship Argo

Aries a´-res The Ram

Auriga äw-ri´-ga The Charioteer

Boötes bo-o´-tez The Herdsman

Cancer ca´n-ser The Crab

Canes Venatici ca´-nez ven-a´t-i-si The Hunting Dogs

Canis Major ca´-nis ma´jor The Greater Dog

Canis Minor ca´-nis mi´nor The Lesser Dog

Capricornus ca´p-ri-kö´r-nus The Goat

Cassiopeia ca´s-si-o-p´e-ya

Centaurus cen-tä´w-rus The Centaur

Cepheus se-fe-us

Cetus s´e-tus The Whale

Columba col-u´m-ba The Dove

Coma Berenices co´ma ber-e-ni-ses Berenice's Hair

Corona Borealis co-ro´-na bo-re-a´-lis The Northern Crown

Corvus cô´r-vus The Crow

Crater cr´a-ter The Cup

Crux kru´x The Cross

Cygnus si´g-nus The Swan

Delphinus del-fi´-nus The Dolphin

Dorado dôr-a´-do The Goldfish

Draco dra´-co The Dragon

Eridanus e-ri´d-a-nus The River Eridanus

Gemini jem´-i-ni The Twins

Grus gru´s The Crane

Hercules her-ku-lez

Hydra hi´-dra The Water-snake

Hydrus hi´-drus The Serpent

Indus i´nd-us The Indian

Leo le´-o The Lion

Lepus le´-pus The Hare

Libra li´-bra The Scales

Lupus lu´-pus The Wolf

Lynx The Fox

Lyra li´-ra The Lyre

Musca mus´-ca The Fly

Octans o´ct-ans The Octant

Ophiuchus o´-fi-u´-kus The Serpent-holder

Orion o-ri´-on The Warrior

Pavo pä´-vo The Peacock

Phoenix fe´-nix

Piscis Australis pi´s-sis aus-tra´-lis The Southern Fish

Pegasus peg´-a-sus The Winged Horse

Perseus pe´r-se-us or per-sus

Pisces pi´s-sez The Fishes

Sagitta sa-ji´t-ta The Arrow

Sagittarius sa-jit-ta´-ri-us The Archer

Scorpio skô´r-pi-o The Scorpion

Serpens ser-pens The Serpent

Taurus täu-rus The Bull

Telescopium tel-es-cop´-i-um The Telescope

Triangulum tri-a´n-gu-lum The Triangle

Tucana tu´c-an-a The Toucan

Ursa Major u´r-sa ma´-jor The Greater Bear

Ursa Minor u´r-sa mi´-nor The Lesser Bear

Virgo ve´r-go The Maiden

Volans vo´l-ans The Flying Fish

FOOTNOTES: