ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE HUMAN MIND James Mill
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Transcriber’s Note and List of Contents
All editions of this text were published in two volumes. This file has combined them. The only consequential change to the original material is that the Contents pages for Volume 2 are repeated immediately after the Contents of Volume 1. Texts have been kindly provided by the Internet Archive. For Volume 1 the source mainly used was analysisofthephe00milluoft and for Volume 2, analysisofpheno02mill.
Footnotes
James Mill’s text had a few footnotes, indicated by single asterisks. His later commentators’ work was printed as footnotes, numbered consecutively through each volume (though there is no note 36 in volume 1), and attributed by an initial (or “Editor’s note”) at the end. James Mill’s notes are here recorded as 1*, 2*, etc. John Stuart Mill made one note in this style, 7* in volume 1. This has not been renumbered, but it has been rendered in J.S. Mill’s colour. Text due to contributors other than James Mill is marked by different text colours: blue for Bain, fuchsia for Findlater, green for Grote, and maroon for J.S. Mill. There are footnotes in Grote’s main footnote, and in a couple of other footnotes, marked as in the original. All footnotes are now placed after the paragraph in which they occur.
Corrections
Corrections are flagged by dotted red underline, on mouse-over revealing the original.
Other matters
Greek text is marked by orange underlining, on mouse-over revealing a transliteration (breathings marked ( for hard, ) for soft, accents / for acute, \ for grave, = for circumflex, all after their vowel; iota subscript is marked |).
Page numbers have been rendered in-text in red.
Other original printing conventions have been followed, except for left quotation marks at the start of every line of quoted text. Sub-headings to sections have been treated uniformly—in the orignal some are centred, some have hanging first lines.
Some links have been inserted to provide for cross-references within the two volumes. Infelicities and mistakes here are the transcriber’s fault.
The Commentators' content
Since a large part of the interest of this book relates to the commentaries provided by J.S. Mill and his colleagues, and since no guide is given to them in the actual Table of Contents, a simple list of the more important comments is subjoined (items in bold are more substantial contributions) with the main sections of the original book indicated:
Author Topic Page/Note
Volume 1
Author INTRODUCTION 1
Author CHAPTER I. Sensation 2
Bain muscular feelings and digestive sensibility note 1
Author SECTION 1. Smell 7
Bain arranging the senses note 2
Mill the meaning of ‘smell’ note 3
Author SECTION 2. Hearing 16
Mill the meaning of ‘hearing’ note 4
Author SECTION 3. Sight 21
Mill the meaning of ‘sight’ note 5
Mill the meaning of ‘vision’ note 6
Author SECTION 4. Taste 25
Mill some physiologists’ view of taste note 7
Mill the meaning of ‘taste’ note 8
Author SECTION 5. Touch 28
Bain touch note 9
Bain the subjectivity of the sensations of hot and cold note 10
Mill the meaning of ’touch’ note 11
Bain the sense of touch note 12
Author SECTION 6. Sensations of Disorganization, etc. 37
Mill the meaning of ‘itching’ note 13
Bain organic sensibilities note 14
Author SECTION 7. Muscular Sensations, etc. 40
Author SECTION 8. Sensations in the Alimentary Canal 45
Bain pleasure of opium or alcohol not a matter of association note 16
Bain digestion and not noticing sensations note 17
Author CHAPTER II. Ideas 51
Bain discrimination and retentiveness note 18
Mill the idea of resistance note 19
Bain feelings of muscular action, not primarily a matter of Will note 20
Bain hunger and thirst note 21
Mill meaning of ‘indigestion,’ ‘hunger,’ ‘thirst’ note 22
Bain sensation and idea compared note 23
Mill can we have ideas of ideas? ideas of historical or fictional people note 24
Author CHAPTER III. The Association of Ideas 70
Bain possibility of synchronous sensations note 25
Bain a limitation to association, need for unique link note 26
Bain difference between transient and permanent recollections note 27
Mill vividness note 28
Bain sight note 29
Mill exposition of ‘ideas which it is not in our power to combine’ note 30
Bain emotional reactions more than association note 31
Mill ‘laws of obliviscence’ note 32
Bain visual sensations usually overlooked note 33
Mill accounts of unnoticed feelings note 34
Mill attempted reduction of association by resemblance to association by contiguity note 35
Bain association of ideas note 38
Mill rejecting contrast as a principle of association note 39
Author CHAPTER IV. Naming 127
Author SECTION 1. Nouns Substantive 134
Findlater origin of names of objects note 41
Mill utility of names of classes note 42
Mill ‘heat’ etc. as names only of sensations not of ideas note 43
Mill Locke’s ‘mixed modes’ note 44
Author SECTION 2. Nouns Adjective 134
Mill class names and utility of adjectives note 45
Author SECTION 3. Verbs 151
Mill omission of predication among functions of general names note 46
Mill verbs note 47
Author SECTION 4. Predication 159
Mill predication note 48
Mill further remark on predication note 49
Mill differentia, proprium and accidens note 50
Mill predication note 51
Findlater predication in non-Indo-European languages note 53
Mill predication and existence-claims note 54
Mill absence of belief in author’s account of predication note 55
Mill criticism of author’s account of syllogisms note 57
Mill names of names, genus and species note 58
Author SECTION 5. Pronouns 194
Findlater relative and demonstrative pronouns note 59
Author SECTION 6. Adverbs 199
Mill adverbial modification note 60
Author SECTION 7. Prepositions 201
Findlater etymology of prepositions note 61
Author SECTION 8. Conjunctions 212
Findlater conjunctions note 62
Findlater ‘but’ note 63
Findlater etymology of ‘if’ note 64
Findlater etymology of ‘because’ note 65
Author CHAPTER V. Consciousness 223
Bain consciousness note 74
Mill consciousness note 75
Author CHAPTER VI. Conception 233
Mill conceptions/general ideas note 76
Author CHAPTER VII. Imagination 238
Bain the imagination note 77
Author CHAPTER VIII. Classification 247
Mill utility of class names note 78
Grote Greek views of classification and abstraction note 79
Mill classification note 80
Author CHAPTER IX. Abstraction 294
Mill general names note 81
Mill rejecting the author’s use of ‘connote’ note 82
Mill abstract names note 83
Findlater etymology of abstract names note 86
Author CHAPTER X. Memory 318
Bain mention of compound association note 88
Mill need for belief as a component of memory note 91
Bain the cessation of sensations note 93
Mill difference between memory and imagination note 94
Author CHAPTER XI. Belief 341
Mill belief as constituent of memory and judgment note 95
Mill different uses of ‘belief’ note 97
Mill why people do not seek a cause for a first cause note 100
Mill inseparable associations note 102
Bain belief in the uniformity of nature note 103
Bain qualification of the author’s remark about sight note 104
Bain terror and belief note 105
Bain testimony note 106
Bain belief note 107
Mill belief note 108
Author CHAPTER XII. Ratiocination 424
Mill reasoning note 109
Author CHAPTER XIII. Evidence 428
Mill evidence note 110
Mill belief in an external world Appendix
Volume 2
Author CHAPTER XIV. Some Names which require a particular Explanation 1
Author SECTION 1. Names of Names 3
Mill names of names note 2
Author SECTION 2. Relative Terms 6
Mill relations note 3
Bain consciousness requiring change, relative names note 4
Bain similarity and difference note 5
Mill similarity note 6
Mill succession, antecedent and consequent note 7
Mill lines, geometrical and physical, note 8
Bain sight and space note 9
Bain the feeling of resistance note 10
Mill casual sequences note 12
Mill the meaning of relative names note 13
Mill quantity note 14
Mill quality note 15
Mill objects note 16
Mill more and less note 17
Mill why the succession of ideas is not the same in all people, simultaneous ideas and memory note 18
Author Abstract Relative Terms 72
Mill abstract relative terms note 19
Mill causation not connoting present time note 20
Mill ‘relative’ and ‘related’ note 21
Author SECTION 3. Numbers 89
Mill connotation and denotation of number words note 22
GroteGreek view of number note 23
Author SECTION 4. Privative Terms 99
Mill author’s use of ‘privative’ note 24
Mill ‘silence’ ‘nothing’ note 25
Mill space note 26
Mill infinity note 27
Author SECTION 5. Time 116
Mill time note 29
Grote Aristotle on time note 30
Author SECTION 6. Motion 142
Bain resistance, motion, etc. note 31
Mill extensive quotation from Herbert Spencer on feelings of motion and extension note 32
Author SECTION 7. Identity 164
Mill personal identity note 33
Author CHAPTER XV. Reflection 176
Mill attention as a separate feature note 34
Author CHAPTER XVI. The Distinction between the Intellectual and Active Powers etc. 181
Bain need for separate consideration of emotion note 35
Author CHAPTER XVII. Pleasurable and Painful Sensations 184
Mill nature of pleasurable sensations note 36
Author CHAPTER XVIII. Causes of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations 187
Author CHAPTER XIX. Ideas of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, and of the Causes of them 189
Mill desire and aversion note 37
Author CHAPTER XX. The Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future 196
Mill expectation note 38
Mill ‘hope’ and ‘fear’ note 39
Author CHAPTER XXI. The Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future 201
Author SECTION 1. The immediate Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, etc. 201
Mill a problem for author’s account of memory and expectation note 40
Bain distinction between aversion and fear note 41
Author SECTION 2. The Remote Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations etc. 206
Mill notion that there are no ideas without momentary belief in the existence of their objects note 42
Mill pains or pleasures of others note 43
Bain emotions and the tender feeling note 44
Mill author’s dealings with the emotions note 45
Mill pleasure in music note 46
Mill pleasure in colours note 47
Mill beauty and sublimity (with reference to Ruskin) note 48
Author CHAPTER XXII. Motives 256
Author SECTION 1. Pleasurable or Painful States, etc. 256
Mill motives, quotation from another work of the author on motives note 49
Author SECTION 2. Causes of our Pleasurable and Painful States, etc. 265
Mill what intensifies patriotic feelings note 50
Author CHAPTER XXIII. The Acts of our Fellow-creatures, etc. 280
Bain prudence and courage note 52
Bain checks to beneficence note 53
Mill posthumous fame note 54
Mill a motive for suicide note 55
Mill ‘praiseworthy’ as deserving praise, not merely likely to obtain praise note 56
Bain incompleteness of author’s account of the moral sentiment note 57
Mill moral sentiments, with quotation from another work by the author; duty and punishment note 58
Author CHAPTER XXIV. The Will 327
Mill internal bodily actions note 59
Bain winking under threat of a blow to the eyes note 60
Bain ‘fixed ideas’ note 61
Bain shedding tears or laughing note 62
Mill the will note 63
Bain trying to remember note 64
Bain dreams note 65
Mill attention note 66
Mill a gap in author’s account of voluntary action note 67
Bain the will note 68
Author CHAPTER XXV. Intention 396
Mill intention note 69