GLOSSARY OF THE PRINCIPAL TERMS USED IN THIS VOLUME.

Acuminate. taper-pointed.

Acute. pointed, scarcely tapering.

Alar. (cells) at basal angles.

Annulus. an elastic ring round mouth of caps.

Apicu-lus (-late.) a very short point.

Apophysis. an excrescence; a swelling at base of capsule.

Arcuate. arched or curved.

Areolæ. the leaf cells.

Arista. a short bristly point.

Auricles (of leaf). short lobes on each side of base.

Bifarious. two-ranked.

Cæpitose. tufted or matted together.

Calyptra. the outermost covering, or veil, of the capsule.

Capsule. the fruit, enclosing the spores.

Carinate. keeled.

Cernuous. nodding.

Chlorophyll. the green matter filling the cells.

Cilia. hair-like divisions of the inner peristome.

Circinnate. curved nearly into a circle.

Cirrhose. having a very narrow hair-like wavy point.

Clavate. club-shaped.

Columella. the central pillar of caps. round which the spores are grouped.

Comal. the large topmost leaves of some stems.

Complanate. flat.

Convolute. rolled together. Acuminate. taper-pointed.

192Cucullate (cucullus). hooded.

Cuspidate. with a short bristly point.

Decurrent. (of leaf.) running down the stem.

Dendroid. tree-like.

Dentate. toothed.

Denticulate. with smaller teeth.

Diaphanous. semi-transparent.

Dichotomous. forked.

Dimidiate. split up one side.

Dioicous. barren and fertile flowers on different plants.

Distichous. inserted in two opposite rows.

Divaricate. widely spreading.

Dorsal. at the back.

Erose. as if bitten or gnawed out.

Excurrent. (of nerve.) continued beyond the apex of leaf.

Exserted. standing out from the leaves.

Falcate. falchion-shaped, or much bent.

Fasciculate (stems or branches), of unequal height.

Fastigiate (stems or branches), reaching to same height.

Filiform. thread-like.

Fugacious. falling early.

Gemmiform or Gemmaceous. like a bud.

Geniculate. suddenly bent like the leg when kneeling.

Gibbous. bunched or swelling out.

Granulate. roughly dotted on surface.

Gregarious. growing together, but not matted.

Hamate, Hamulose. bent like a hook.

Hyaline. glassy.

Hygrometric (Hygroscopic). moving when moistened.

Imbricate. overlapping each other like tiles.

Immersed (of caps.) when almost buried in the leaves.

Inflexed. bent inwards.

193Julaceous. resembling a slender glossy worm.

Lamina. the blade of the leaf.

Lid. the cover to the mouth of caps.

Ligulate. strap-shaped.

Lingulate. tongue-shaped.

Mitriform (of calyp.) mitre-shaped, not split up the side.

Monoicous. barren and fertile fl. on same plant, but not on same receptacle.

Mucro. a short terminal point.

Mucronate. terminated with a mucro.

Muriculate. roughened with sharpish prominences.

Muticous. without a point.

Ochrea. the filmy sheath surrounding base of seta.

Pagina. the blade of the leaf apart from the nerve.

Panduriform. fiddle-shaped.

Papillose. roughened with blunt roundish prominences.

Percurrent. extending the entire length.

Perichætium. the leafy involucre at base of seta, surrounding the vaginula in fertile fl.

Perigonium. the leaves surrounding the barren fl.

Peristome. the teeth at mouth of caps. covered by the lid before it falls.

Plicate. furrowed.

Præmorse. ending suddenly, as if bitten off.

Pyriform. pear-shaped.

Quadrate. square.

Radicles. small rooting fibres.

Radiculose. covered with radicles.

Rhizome. a creeping subterranean stem.

Rhomboid (rhombus). an oblique square.

Rostellate. with a very short beak.

Rostrate. with a longer beak.

194Rugose. wrinkled or crumpled.

Scariose. dry and chaffy (opposed to tender and succulent).

Secund. all turned to one side.

Seta. the fruit-stalk.

Setaceous. bristle-shaped.

Spathulate. somewhat resembling a battle-door.

Strumose. swollen at base.

Sub-. in a slight degree; e. g. “sub-serrate” slightly serrate.

Subula. an awl.

Subulate. awl-shaped.

Sulcate. furrowed.

Synoicous. male and female fl. on same receptacle.

Terete. cylindrical.

Thæca. the capsule.

Tomentose. covered with down.

Truncate. having the point cut off.

Tumid. swollen.

Turbinate. shaped like a peg-top.

Vaginula. the cellular sheath surrounding the base of the seta.

Vermicular. narrow and wavy (like a worm).

Villi. short leafy processes on the stem amongst the leaves.

Villous. covered with villi.

Uncinate. bent like a hook.

Undulate. wavy.

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