APPENDICES
Reading edition
I
BRITISH LOSSES AT THE SIEGE OF BURGOS SEPTEMBER 20-OCTOBER 21, 1812
Sept. 20th, storm of the Hornwork of St. Michael. Total casualties 421 (of whom the 42nd lost 2 officers and 33 men killed, 5 officers and 164 men wounded = 204; the 79th lost 5 men killed, 2 officers and 32 men wounded = 39; the Portuguese lost 3 officers and 17 men killed, 5 officers and 88 men wounded = 113; the other 67 casualties were divided among the remaining battalions of the 1st Division).
Sept. 21st, casualties 42; Sept. 22nd, 39; Sept. 23, 158 (of which 76 in the Guards Brigade and 44 in the K.G.L. brigade of the 1st Division, and 29 among the Portuguese).
Sept. 24th, casualties 39; Sept. 25th, 38; Sept. 26th, 32; Sept. 27th, 53; Sept. 28th, 26; Sept. 29th, 9; Sept. 30th, 29; Oct. 1st, 11; Oct. 2nd, 29; Oct. 3rd, 9; Oct. 4th, 16; Oct. 5th, 224 (of these 224, which really belong to the storm of the outer enceinte on the evening of Oct. 4th, the 2/24th had 68 casualties, no other battalion more than 15).
Oct. 6th, casualties (French sortie of night of 5th) 142; Oct. 7th, 33; Oct. 8th (2nd French sortie in which 133 in the K.G.L. Brigade were killed or wounded), 184; Oct. 9th, 18; Oct. 10th, 61; Oct. 11th, 24; Oct. 12th, 17; Oct. 13th, 9; Oct. 14th, 3; Oct. 15th, 18; Oct. 16th, 12; Oct. 17th, 18; Oct. 18th, 48; Oct. 19th (the last assault), 170 (of whom 85 in the Guards Brigade and 84 in the K.G.L. Brigade of the 1st Division).
Oct. 20th, 47; Oct. 21st, 9.
General Total: 24 officers and 485 men killed
68 ” ” 1,445 ” wounded
42 ” missing = 2,064
II
THE FRENCH ARMIES IN SPAIN: OCTOBER 15, 1812
[From the return in the Archives Nationales, Paris.]
I. ARMY OF THE SOUTH. MARSHAL SOULT
Officers. Men.
1st Division, Conroux: 9th Léger, 24th, 96th Line (each 3 batts.): 3 battalions Marine Troops 203 5,615
2nd Division, Barrois[1060]: 8th Line, 16th Léger, 51st, 54th Line (each 3 batts.) 201 4,801
3rd Division, Villatte: 27th Léger, 63rd, 94th, 95th Line (each 3 batts.) 209 5,888
4th Division, Leval: 32nd, 43rd Line (4 batts. each), 55th, 58th Line (3 batts. each) 259 7,794
5th Division, D’Erlon[1061]: 12th Léger (4 batts.), 45th Line (3 batts.), 28th Léger, 88th Line (2 batts. each) 202 5,016
6th Division, Daricau: 21st Léger, 100th Line (3 batts. each), 64th, 103rd Line (2 batts. each) 187 4,308
Cavalry Division, Perreymond: 2nd Hussars, 5th, 10th, 21st, 27th Chasseurs, 7th Lancers (in all, 20 squad.) 144 2,349
Cavalry Division, Digeon: 2nd, 4th, 14th, 17th, 26th, 27th Dragoons (in all, 20 squadrons) 148 2,956
Cavalry Division, Pierre Soult: 5th, 12th, 16th, 21st Dragoons (14 squadrons) 121 1,712
Artillery, and Artillery Train and Park 122 3,511
Engineers and Sappers 17 851
Gendarmerie and Équipages Militaires 9 592
État-Major 313 —
Total present 1,816 45,393
Gross total of Army including 64 officers and 1,904 men detached, and 60 officers and 6,293 men in hospital: 1,940 53,590
II. ARMY OF THE CENTRE
Officers. Men.
The King’s French Guards: no figures given, but about 2,500
Darmagnac’s Division: 28th and 75th Line (3 batts. each), 2nd Nassau and Baden (2 batts. each), Frankfort (1 batt.) 199 5,039
Palombini’s Division: 4th and 6th Italian Line (2 batts. each), 2nd Italian Léger (3 batts.), Dragoons of Napoleon and two batteries 142 3,050
Casapalacios’ Spanish Division (3 batts., 3 squadrons) 167 1,263
Treillard’s Cavalry Division: 13th, 18th, 19th, 22nd Dragoons, Westphalian chevaux légers, Nassau chasseurs 114 1,679
Artillery, Engineers, and Train 12 596
Various detachments 12 403
Total present 646 14,530
Gross total of Army, including État-Major 55 officers, 32 officers and 655 men detached, and 14 officers and 1,900 men sick, is 747 17,075
III. ARMY OF PORTUGAL. GENERAL SOUHAM
Officers. Men.
1st Division, Foy: 6th Léger (1 batt.), 39th, 69th, 76th Line (2 batts. each) 151 3,492
2nd Division, Clausel: 25th Léger, 27th, 50th, 59th Line (2 batts. each) 130 4,506
3rd Division, Taupin [late Ferey], 31st Léger, 26th, 70th Line (2 batts. each), 47th Line (3 batts.) 184 6,064
4th Division, Sarrut: 2nd and 4th Léger, 36th Line (2 batts. each) 130 4,000
5th Division, Maucune: 15th, 66th, 82nd, 86th Line (2 batts. each) 165 5,097
6th Division, Pinoteau [late Brenier]: 17th Léger, 65th Line (2 batts. each), 22nd Line (1 batt.) 87 2,730
7th Division, Bonté [late Thomières]: 1st and 62nd Line (2 batts. each), 101st Line (1 batt.) 109 2,425
8th Division, Chauvel [late Bonnet]: 118th, 119th, 120th Line (2 batts. each), 122nd Line (3 batts.) 180 4,437
(Each infantry division includes its artillery and train.)
Cavalry Division, Curto: 3rd Hussars, 13th, 14th, 22nd, 26th, 28th Chasseurs 115 2,048
Cavalry Division, Boyer: 6th, 11th, 15th, 25th Dragoons 70 1,303
Horse Artillery and train attached to cavalry 5 292
Artillery Reserve and Park 37 1,822
Engineers 7 274
Gendarmerie and Équipages Militaires 33 1,102
Attached to the Army of Portugal—
Cavalry Brigade, Merlin, of the Army of the North, 1st Hussars, 31st Chasseurs 53 693
Infantry Brigade, Aussenac, detached from the Bayonne Reserve: 3rd and 105th Line (2 batts. each), 64th, 100th, 103rd (1 batt. each) 110 3,308
Total present 1,566 43,860
Gross total of Army with 150 officers and 4,574 men detached, and 53 officers and 11,113 men in hospital: 1,769 59,547
61,316
IV. ARMY OF ARAGON AND VALENCIA. MARSHAL SUCHET
Officers. Men.
1st Division, Musnier: 1st Léger (3 batts.), 114th Line (2 batts.), 121st Line (3 batts.), Neapolitans (2 batts.) 180 5,403
2nd Division, Harispe: 7th, 44th, 116th Line (2 batts. each) 104 4,011
3rd Division, Habert: 14th, 16th Line (2 batts. each), 117th Line (3 batts.) 158 4,817
Cavalry Division, Boussard: 14th Cuirassiers, 24th Dragoons, 4th Hussars, 1st Neapolitan Chasseurs 91 1,831
Artillery and train 21 858
Engineers 11 411
Gendarmerie and Équipages Militaires 6 529
Troops attached to the Army of Aragon
Reille’s Division: 10th Line (4 batts.), 81st (3 batts.), 9th bis of Hussars, artillery 147 4,393
Severoli’s Division: 1st Italian Line and 1st Italian Léger (2 batts. each), 5th Léger (French) (1 batt.), and Italian artillery 151 3,758
Brigade from Catalonia: 3rd Léger, 11th, 20th Line (2 batts. each), 1st Italian Chasseurs 130 3,719
Total present 1,038 30,980
Gross total of Army, including 131 officers and 3,884 men detached, and 24 officers and 4,287 men in hospital: 1,193 39,151
V. ARMY OF THE NORTH. GENERAL CAFFARELLI
Officers. Men.
Division Abbé: 5th Léger (3 batts.), 10th Léger, 3rd, 52nd, 105th Line (2 batts. each), 20th Dragoons, and artillery 219 6,378
Division Vandermaesen: 34th Léger (1 batt.), 34th, 40th Line (3 batts. each), 113th, 130th Line (2 batts. each), 4th Suisse (1 batt.), 6 bataillons de marche = 18 battalions in all 388 12,197
Brigade Dumoustier: 4 batts. Young Guard, and 2 of National Guards 100 3,976
Cavalry Brigade Laferrière: Lancers of Berg (2 squadrons), 15th Chasseurs (3 squadrons), Gendarmerie (6 squadrons) 37 1,625
Government of Navarre (garrison of Pampeluna) detachments 45 1,644
Government of Biscay, all régiments de marche and detachments 264 9,431
Government of Castile (garrison of Santoña) detachments 43 1,342
Total present 1,151 36,465
Gross total of Army, including 41 officers and 5,176 men in hospital, is 1,192 41,641
VI. ARMY OF CATALONIA. GENERAL DECAEN
Officers. Men.
Division Quesnel (at Puycerda), 102nd Line (2 batts.), 116th Line (1 batt.), and detachments 123 3,502
Division Lamarque: 60th and 79th Line (3 batts. each), Regiment of Wurzburg, and detachments 137 3,491
Brigade Petit: 67th Line (3 batts.), 32nd Léger (1 batt.) 66 1,553
Division Maurice Mathieu (Barcelona): 115th Line (4 batts.), 18th Léger (2 batts.), 1st of Nassau (2 batts.), and detachments 185 6,180
Garrisons of Figueras, &c.: 60th, 86th Line, and 32nd Léger (1 batt. each), and detachments 160 3,646
Garrison of Tarragona (Bertoletti): 20th Line (1 batt.), 7th Italian Line (1 batt.) 63 1,451
Garrison of Lerida (Henriod): 42nd Line (3 batts.), and detachments 70 1,639
Brigade Espert (flying column): 5th Line (3 batts.), 23rd Léger (2 batts.) 89 2,988
Artillery, Sappers, Gendarmes, Équipages Militaires, &c. 55 4,194
Total present, under arms 948 28,514
Gross total of Army, including 107 État-Major, 26 officers and 369 men detached, and 44 officers and 6,045 men in hospital, is 1,125 34,928
VII. BAYONNE RESERVE
Officers. Men.
All consisting of detachments or régiments de marche 172 7,072
Adding 134 detached and 600 in hospital, gross total is: 7,978
Total Army of Spain, therefore, on October 15 amounts to:
7,516 officers, 206,814 men present with the colours
326 ” 11,520 ” detached
236 ” 35,414 ” in hospital.
General Gross Total = 8,185 officers and 253,748 men.
III
STRENGTH OF WELLINGTON’S ARMY DURING AND AFTER THE BURGOS RETREAT
The subjoined statistics show the marching strength of the Anglo-Portuguese divisions of Wellington’s army at the commencement of the Burgos Retreat (Oct. 23) and some days after its termination (Nov. 29). There had been, immediately after the army reached Ciudad Rodrigo, certain transferences of units from one division to another, which are duly noted. The figures give only rank and file; to get the fighting strength one-eighth should be added to cover officers, sergeants, and drummers.
Present under arms. Oct. 23. Present under arms. Nov. 29.
1st Cavalry Division 2,827 2,909 (2nd Hussars K.G.L. has joined.)
2nd Cavalry Division 1,947 1,625 (2nd Hussars K.G.L. has left.)
1st Division 3,970 4,002 (1st & 3rd battalions First Guards have joined, but Stirling’s brigade has been transferred to the 6th Division.)
2nd Division 7,915 6,591
3rd Division 4,229 3,860 (2/87th from Cadiz has joined.)
4th Division 4,487 3,861 (1/82nd has joined.)
5th Division 3,638 3,732 (2/47th from Cadiz has joined.)
6th Division 3,380 5,228 (The division has been joined by Stirling’s brigade and also by the 1/91st.)
7th Division 4,298 3,358
Light Division 3,428 3,775 (2 companies 3/95th and the 20th Portuguese have joined.)
Hamilton’s Portuguese Division 4,719 4,076
Pack’s Portuguese Brigade 1,681 1,105
Bradford’s Portuguese Brigade 1,645 881
48,124 45,003
Artillery, Train, Staff Corps, &c. 2,500 2,300
The fall in numbers would have been much greater but for the joining of Skerrett’s force from Cadiz (3/1st Guards, 2/47th, 2/87th, 20th Portuguese, and two companies 3/95th) and of the 1/1st Guards and 1/91st from England, and the 1/82nd from Gibraltar—in all, nearly 6,000 men.
It may be worth while to give here the statistics of the Spanish troops which were acting with Wellington’s and Hill’s armies during this period. They were by their October morning states:
‘6th Army’ or Galicians (Santocildes):
1st Division (Barcena) 6,810 (5 of the 15 battalions of this division were not at the front.)
2nd Division (Cabrera) 4,749
3rd Division (Losada) 4,213
Cavalry Brigade (Figuelmonde) 1,356 (5 of the 9 squadrons of this brigade were not at the front.)
5th Army (Estremadurans and Castilian):
Morillo’s Division 2,371 (Acting with Hill’s Corps.)
Carlos de España’s Division 3,809 (ditto.)
Penne Villemur’s cavalry 992 (ditto.)
Julian Sanchez’s cavalry 1,159 (Acting with Main Army.)
Total Spanish troops 25,459
IV
LOSSES IN THE BURGOS RETREAT
The casualties in action between October 23rd and November 19th are easily ascertainable, and quite moderate. But the loss in ‘missing’ by the capture of stragglers, marauders, and footsore men, was much higher than is generally known. I believe that the annexed table, from the morning state of November 29th, is now published for the first time. It gives only the rank and file missing, but these are almost the whole list: officers and sergeants did not straggle or drop behind like the privates. I believe that the total of officers missing was 25, of sergeants 56 British and 29 Portuguese: we have also to add 43 British and 32 Portuguese drummers, &c., to the general list, which runs as follows:
British. Portuguese. Total.
1st Cavalry Division 192 — 192
2nd Cavalry Division 101 8 109
1st Division Infantry 283 — 283
2nd Division Infantry 302 260 562
3rd Division Infantry 184 230 414
4th Division Infantry 308 19 327
5th Division Infantry 453 359 812
6th Division Infantry 96 74 170
7th Division Infantry 357 243 600
Light Division Infantry 92 163 253
Portuguese. Hamilton’s Division — 221 221
Portuguese. Pack’s Brigade — 293 293
Portuguese. Bradford’s Brigade — 514 514
Total 2,368 2,374 4,752
The abnormally high totals of the 5th Division and 7th Division are to be accounted for in different ways. The former had 150 prisoners taken in action on the day of the combat of Villa Muriel (October 25); the latter contained the two battalions that always gave a high percentage of deserters, the foreign regiments of Brunswick-Oels and Chasseurs Britanniques. It will be noted that the 2nd Division has also a high total, but as it had nearly double the numbers of any other division (7,500 men to an average 4,000 for the others) it did not lose out of proportion to its strength. It will be noted that the Portuguese lost more heavily in relation to their total numbers than the British—their ‘missing’ were about the same as those of the British, but they only had about 20,000 rank and file in the field as against about 30,000 British. This excessive loss in missing was due entirely to the fact that the cold and rain of the last ten days of the retreat told much more heavily upon them. They were not so well clothed or fed as the British, and fell behind from exhaustion. Bradford’s brigade, though never seriously in action, lost 500 men out of 1,600 by the roadside, much the heaviest percentage in the whole army.
The losses in killed and wounded as opposed to ‘missing’ seem to make up the following moderate figures, to which the heavy fighting about Venta del Pozo and Villa Muriel during the first days of the retreat made much the heaviest contribution.
Killed: 9 officers, 189 men. Wounded: 54 officers, 699 men—i. e. the total of 951. This does not, of course, include the prisoners taken at Venta del Pozo or Villa Muriel, who are counted among the ‘missing’ reckoned in the prefixed table. The losses in killed and wounded at Alba de Tormes and San Muñoz are less than might have been expected; those in the other skirmishes at Valladolid, Tordesillas, &c., quite negligible.
V
THE CAMPAIGN OF CASTALLA: APRIL 1813
Sir John Murray reports his army to have consisted of the following elements:
Infantry: British, German, Anglo-Italian, Calabrese 8,274 officers and men
Sicilian ‘Estero’ Regiment 1,136 ” ”
Whittingham’s Spanish Division (6 batts.) 3,901 ” ”
Roche’s Spanish Division (5 batts.) 4,019 ” ”
Cavalry: British, Spanish, and Sicilian 886 ” ”
Artillery, &c. 500 ” ”
18,716 ” ”
The units appear to have been brigaded as follows:
Advance Guard, General Adam: 2/27th, 1st Italian Levy, Calabrese Free Corps, Rifle Companies of 3rd and 8th K.G.L.
J. Mackenzie’s Division: 1/27th, 4th and 6th Line K.G.L., Sicilian Estero Regiment (2 batts.).
Clinton’s Division: 1/10th, 1/58th, 1/81st, De Roll-Dillon, 2nd Italian Levy.
Cavalry: 20th Light Dragoon (2 squadrons), Foreign Hussars (1 troop), 1st Sicilian Cavalry, four Spanish squadrons[1062].
Whittingham’s Spaniards: Cordova, Mallorca, Guadalajara, 2nd of Burgos, 5th Grenadiers, 2nd of Murcia.
Roche’s Spaniards: Volunteers of Aragon, Alicante, Chinchilla, Volunteers of Valencia, Canarias.
Artillery: British companies of Holcombe, Thompson, Williamson and Lacy; Portuguese company of Cox, one Sicilian company (three of these companies were holding the forts of Alicante).
VI
SUCHET’S ARMY AT CASTALLA: APRIL 13, 1813
[Return of April 1.]
Officers. Men. Total.
1st Division, General Robert [for Musnier, absent]:
1st Léger (2 batts.) 38 1,443 1,481
114th Ligne (2 batts.) 36 1,498 1,534
121st Ligne (2 batts.) 34 1,252 1,286
3rd Léger (2 batts.)[1063] 16 767 783
124 4,960 5,084
2nd Division, General Harispe:
7th Ligne (2 batts.) 31 1,298 1,329
44th Ligne (2 batts.) 26 1,160 1,186
116th Ligne (2 batts.) 35 1,502 1,537
92 3,960 4,052
3rd Division, General Habert:
14th Ligne (2 batts.) 42 1,189 1,231
1/16th Ligne[1064] 21 614 635
1/117th Ligne[1064] 27 829 856
90 2,632 2,722
Cavalry, General Boussard:
Two squadrons 4th Hussars 21 408 429
13th Cuirassiers 25 523 548
24th Dragoons (2 squadrons) 20 427 447
66 1,358 1,424
Artillery: four batteries 10 282 292
Total 376 13,192 13,568
VII
BIAR AND CASTALLA LOSSES: APRIL 12-13, 1813
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Staff 1 — 2 — — — 3
Adam’s Brigade:
2/27th Foot — 18 2 90 — 2 112
1st Italian Levy 23 3 49 — 28 103
Calabrese Free Corps — 8 2 49 — — 59
Rifle Companies 3rd & 8th K.G.L. 1 7 2 23 — 2 35
Mackenzie’s Division:
1/27th Foot — 2 — 18 — — 20
4th Line K.G.L. — 3 — 9 — — 12
6th Line K.G.L. — 1 — 5 — — 6
Sicilian ‘Estero’ Regiment — 1 — 8 — — 9
Clinton’s Division:
1/58th Foot — 1 — 5 — — 6
De Roll-Dillon — 4 1 20 — 9 34
Whittingham’s Spanish Division:
Cordova, Mallorca, Guadalajara, 2nd Burgos, 5th Grenadiers, 2nd of Murcia 2 73 4 183 — — 262
20th Light Dragoons — — — 1 — — 1
Sicilian Cavalry — — — — — 1 1
R.A. and drivers — — — 5 — — 5
Portuguese Artillery — — — 3 — — 3
Total 4 141 16 468 — 42 671
VIII
WELLINGTON’S ARMY IN THE VITTORIA CAMPAIGN
MARCHING STRENGTH, MAY 25, 1813[1065]
Cavalry
Officers. Men. Total.
R. Hill’s Brigade: 1st & 2nd Life Guards, Horse Guards 42 828 870
Ponsonby’s Brigade: 5th Dragoon Guards, 3rd & 4th Dragoons 61 1,177 1,238
G. Anson’s Brigade: 12th & 16th Light Dragoons 39 780 819
Long’s Brigade: 13th Light Dragoons 20 374 394
V. Alten’s Brigade: 14th Light Dragoons, 1st Hussars K.G.L. 49 956 1,005
Bock’s Brigade: 1st & 2nd Dragoons K.G.L. 38 594 632
Fane’s Brigade: 3rd Dragoon Guards, 1st Dragoons 42 800 842
Grant’s Brigade: 10th, 15th, 18th Hussars 63 1,561 1,624
D’Urban’s Portuguese Brigade: 1st, 11th, 12th Cavalry — 685 685
6th Portuguese Cavalry (Campbell) — 208 208
Cavalry Total 354 7,963 8,317
Infantry
Officers. Men. Total.
1st Division, General Howard:[1066]
Stopford’s Brigade: 1st Coldstream, 1st Scots Guards, one company 5/60th 56 1,672 4,854
Halkett’s Brigade: 1st, 2nd, 5th Line K.G.L., 1st & 2nd Light K.G.L. 133 2,993
2nd Division, Sir Rowland Hill:
Cadogan’s Brigade: 1/50th, 1/71st, 1/92nd, one company 5/60th 120 2,657 10,834
Byng’s Brigade: 1/3rd, 1/57th, 1st Prov. Batt.,[1067] one company 5/60th 131 2,334
O’Callaghan’s Brigade: 1/28th, 2/34th, 1/39th, one company 5/60th 122 2,408
Ashworth’s Portuguese: 6th & 18th Line, 6th Caçadores — 3,062
3rd Division, General Sir Thomas Picton:
Brisbane’s Brigade: 1/45th, 74th, 1/88th, three companies 5/60th 125 2,598 7,437
Colville’s Brigade: 1/5th, 2/83rd, 2/87th, 94th 120 2,156
Power’s Portuguese Brigade: 9th & 21st Line, 11th Caçadores — 2,460
4th Division, General Sir G. Lowry Cole:
W. Anson’s Brigade: 3/27th, 1/40th, 1/48th, 2nd Prov. Batt.,[1068] one company 5/60th 139 2,796 7,816
Skerrett’s Brigade: 1/7th, 20th, 1/23rd, one company Brunswick 123 1,926
Stubbs’s Portuguese Brigade: 11th & 23rd Line, 7th Caçadores — 2,842
5th Division, General Oswald [for General Leith]:
Hay’s Brigade: 3/1st, 1/9th, 1/38th, one company Brunswick 109 2,183 6,725
Robinson’s Brigade: 1/4th, 2/47th, 2/59th, one company Brunswick 100 1,961
Spry’s Portuguese Brigade: 3rd & 15th Line, 8th Caçadores — 2,372
6th Division, General Pakenham [for General Clinton]:
Stirling’s Brigade: 1/42nd, 1/79th, 1/91st, one company 5/60th 127 2,327 7,347
Hinde’s Brigade: 1/11th, 1/32nd, 1/36th, 1/61st 130 2,288
Madden’s Portuguese Brigade: 8th & 12th Line, 9th Caçadores — 2,475
7th Division, General Lord Dalhousie:
Barnes’s Brigade: 1/6th, 3rd Prov. Batt.[1069], nine companies Brunswick-Oels 116 2,206 7,287
Grant’s Brigade: 51st, 68th, 1/82nd, Chasseurs Britanniques 141 2,397
Lecor’s Portuguese Brigade: 7th & 19th Line, 2nd Caçadores — 2,437
Light Division, General Charles Alten:
Kempt’s Brigade: 1/43rd, 1st & 3rd/95th 98 1,979 5,484
Vandeleur’s Brigade: 1/52nd, 2/95th 63 1,399
Portuguese 17th Line, 1st & 3rd Caçadores — 1,945
Silveira’s Portuguese Division:
Da Costa’s Brigade: 2nd & 14th Line — 2,492 5,287
A. Campbell’s Brigade: 4th & 10th Line, 10th Caçadores — 2,795
Pack’s Portuguese Brigade: 1st & 16th Line, 4th Caçadores — 2,297 2,297
Bradford’s Portuguese Brigade: 13th & 24th Line, 5th Caçadores — 2,392 2,392
R.H.A. and Drivers 23 780
Field Artillery, Train, Ammunition column, &c. 100 2,722
K.G.L. Artillery 17 335
Portuguese Artillery — 330
Engineers and Sappers 41 302
Staff Corps 21 126
Wagon Train 37 165
British. Portuguese. Total.
Total Cavalry 7,424 893 8,317
” 1st Division 4,854 — 4,854
” 2nd Division 7,772 3,062 10,834
” 3rd Division 4,977 2,460 7,437
” 4th Division 4,974 2,842 7,816
” 5th Division 4,353 2,372 6,725
” 6th Division 4,872 2,475 7,347
” 7th Division 4,850 2,437 7,287
” Light Division 3,539 1,945 5,484
” Silveira’s Division — 5,287 5,287
” Pack’s and Bradford’s Brigades — 4,689 4,689
” Artillery and Train 3,977 330 4,307
” Engineers, Staff Corps, &c. 892 — 892
52,484 28,792 81,276
This is, I believe, the first complete return of Wellington’s army in the Vittoria campaign ever published. My predecessors in Peninsular history sought in vain for the ‘morning states’ which should have accompanied Wellington’s dispatches to Lord Bathurst, and which are mentioned in those dispatches. In previous years, down to December 1812, they are generally found annexed to the covering letter, in the bound volumes at the Record Office. I should have fared no better than other seekers, but for the admirable knowledge of the contents of the Office possessed by Mr. Leonard Atkinson. He remembered that there existed some separate packages of ‘morning states’, which had been divorced from the rest of Wellington’s sendings, and not bound up with them. When sought, they turned out to be the missing figures of 1813, tied up unbound between two covers of cardboard. Mr. Atkinson’s happy discovery enables me to give the prefixed statistics, which permit us to know Wellington’s exact strength just as the campaign of Vittoria was starting.
IX
SPANISH TROOPS UNDER WELLINGTON’S COMMAND JUNE-JULY 1813
STATES OF JUNE 1
I. FOURTH ARMY (GENERAL GIRON)
Officers. Men. Total.
Morillo’s Division 172 4,379 4,551
Losada’s Galician Division (6 batts.) 295 5,560 5,855
P. Barcena’s Galician Division (7 batts.) 235 4,908 5,143
Porlier’s Asturian Division (3 batts.) 124 2,284 2,408
Longa’s Division (5 batts.) 130 3,000 3,130
Penne Villemur’s Cavalry (7 regts.) 194 2,434 2,628
Julian Sanchez’s Cavalry (2 regts.) 90 1,200 1,290
Artillery 20 400 420
Total of June 1 1,263 24,165 25,425
II. LEFT IN CASTILE, REJOINED ON JULY 28
Carlos de España’s division of 4th Army (5 batts.) 175 3,167 3,342
III. JOINED ON JULY 16
The ‘Army of Reserve of Andalusia’ (Conde de Abispal)
Echevarri’s Division (7 batts.) 237 6,380 6,617
Creagh’s Division (7 batts.) 273 6,181 6,454
C. G. Barcena’s Cavalry Brigade (2 regts.) 39 789 828
Artillery 10 274 284
Total of later arrivals 734 16,791 17,525
The General Total of the Spanish troops which actually joined Wellington between May 26 and July 28 was therefore 46,292. This does not include Mina’s irregulars operating in Aragon and Eastern Navarre.
X
THE FRENCH ARMY AT VITTORIA
ARMY OF THE SOUTH. Return of May 29, 1813. [From Paris Archives, lent me by Mr. Fortescue.]
Officers. Men. Total.
1st Division, Leval:
Brigade Mocquery: 9th Léger, 24th Line 63 2,516 2,579
Brigade Morgan: 88th Line, 96th Line 43 2,056 2,099
Divisional battery and train 3 163 166
Divisional Total 109 4,735 4,844
2nd Division, Cassagne: lent to Army of the Centre.
3rd Division, Villatte:
Brigade Rignoux: 27th Léger, 63rd Line 39 2,539 2,578
Brigade Lefol: 94th Line, 95th Line 50 3,063 3,113
Divisional battery and train 4 179 182
Divisional Total 93 5,781 5,874
4th Division, Conroux:
Brigade Rey: 32nd and 43rd Line 78 3,591 3,669
Brigade Schwitter: 55th and 58th Line 47 2,670 2,717
Divisional battery and train 4 189 193
Divisional Total 129 6,460 6,589
5th Division, brigade Maransin only:
12th Léger, 45th Line 58 2,869 2,927
6th Division, Daricau:
Brigade St. Pol: 21st Léger, 100th Line 53 2,658 2,711
Brigade Remond: 28th Léger, 103rd Line 45 2,939 2,984
Divisional battery and train 3 237 240
Total 101 5,834 5,935
Total 4½ Infantry Divisions 490 25,679 26,169
Cavalry:
Pierre Soult’s Division:
2nd Hussars, 5th, 10th, 21st Chasseurs 74 1,428 1,502
One battery H.A. and train 4 165 169
Tilly’s Division:
2nd, 4th, 14th, 17th, 26th, 27th Dragoons 88 1,841 1,929
Digeon’s Division:
5th, 12th, 16th, 21st Dragoons 80 1,612 1,692
One battery H.A. and train 3 174 177
Total cavalry 249 6,220 6,469
Artillery Reserve: two batteries and train 5 365 370
Artillery Park: two companies Field Artillery, one company pontoniers, artificers, train 17 696 713
Engineers: two companies sappers, two miners, and train 11 619 630
Gendarmerie 4 101 105
Wagon train 2 63 65
Total auxiliary troops 39 1,844 1,883
État-Major of the Army and the divisions 115 — 115
General Total of Army of the South 893 33,743 34,636
ARMY OF THE CENTRE AT VITTORIA
Return of May 29 for Cassagne’s Division; of May 1 only for the rest, except for the Royal Guards and Spaniards, as see note.
Officers. Men. Total.
1st Division, Darmagnac:
Brigade Chassé: 28th & 75th Line 35 1,759 1,794
Brigade Neuenstein: 2nd Nassau, 4th Baden, Frankfort 101 2,577 2,678
Divisional Total 136 4,336 4,472
2nd Division, Cassagne:
Brigade Braun: 16th Léger, 8th Line 95 5,114 5,209
Brigade Blondeau: 51st Line, 54th Line
Total Infantry 231 9,450 9,681
Cavalry:
Treillard’s Division: 13th, 18th, 19th, 22nd Dragoons 44 994 1,038
Avy’s Light Cavalry: 27th Chasseurs, Nassau Chasseurs 22 452 474
Total Cavalry 66 1,446 1,512
Artillery (3 batteries) and train 13 488 501
Engineers (1 company sappers) 2 129 131
Wagon train, &c. 3 195 198
Total Auxiliary Arms 28 812 830
The King’s Spanish Army:[1070]
Royal Guards, General Guy:
Grenadiers, tirailleurs, voltigeurs of the Guard 80 2,300 2,380
Hussars and Lancers of the Guard 25 400 425
Line:
Regiments of Castile, Toledo, Royal Étranger 70 2,000 2,070
Cavalry: 1st & 2nd Chasseurs, Hussars of Guadalajara 70 600 670
Artillery: one battery 3 90 93
Total King’s Army 248 5,390 5,633
Total Army of the Centre 603 17,098 17,691
ARMY OF PORTUGAL
No Return available later than May 1.
Officers. Men. Total.
4th Division, Sarrut:
Brigade Fririon: 2nd Léger, 36th Line 146 4,656 4,802
Brigade Menne: 4th Léger, 65th Line
Divisional field battery and train
6th Division, Lamartinière:
Brigade Gauthier: 118th Line, 119th Line 71 2,496 2,567
Brigade Menne: 120th Line, 122nd Line 102 3,866 3,968
Divisional field battery and train 3 173 176
Total Infantry Divisions 322 11,191 11,513
Cavalry:
Division Mermet:
Brigade Curto: 13th & 22nd Chasseurs 39 863 902
Brigade ? : 3rd Hussars, 14th & 26th Chasseurs 42 857 899
Division Boyer:
6th, 11th, 15th, 25th Dragoons 67 1,404 1,471
Total Cavalry 148 3,324 3,472
Reserve Artillery:
One H.A., four field batteries 11 379 390
One company Pontoniers, train, artificers, &c. 10 763 773
Engineers: two companies sappers 5 190 195
Gendarmerie 5 169 174
Wagon train, mule train, &c. 35 898 933
Total auxiliary arms 66 2,389 2,455
General Total of Army of Portugal 536 16,904 17,440
Allowing for wastage May 1 to June 21, there may probably have been 14,000 of all arms at Vittoria—say 9,500 infantry, 2,800 cavalry, 1,700 auxiliary arms.
Adding the totals of the three armies as above, we should get 2,032 officers and 68,231 men. But deductions of course must be made:
(1) For decrease from May 1 to June 21 in the Armies of Portugal and the Centre, and from May 29 to June 21 in the Army of the South by normal wastage, and in the two former by drafts sent back to France in May.
(2) For casualties in action since the campaign opened.
The latter would not be large, only Digeon’s Dragoons and Villatte’s and Sarrut’s infantry divisions having been seriously engaged during the retreat. The Burgos explosion cost Villatte over 100 men. We need not allow more than 1,500 as an ample estimate for casualties in action.
The normal wastage, and the deduction for drafts sent to France in May are more difficult to calculate, but I think we shall not be far out in taking 3,000 as an outside allowance for the latter—which affects only the Armies of Portugal and the Centre, since we have a May 29th Return for Gazan’s Army, which of course sent nothing away after that date. And in healthy months, such as May and early June, the deficit from extra sick would not be large—indeed as many men may have rejoined as convalescents as went into hospital, since (except Villatte at Salamanca) the troops had never been pressed or overmarched. It would be generous to allow 5,000 for ‘wastage’.
If so, the French had 63,000 men at Vittoria, but deducting non-combatants (train, artificers, &c.) there would be 9,000 horse, over 46,000 men in the infantry divisions, and about 1,300 gunners with the field and horse batteries not included in the infantry divisions, also 1,000 sappers. This makes over 57,000 fighting men actually available. There must also be a small addition for stray units of the Army of the North known to have been present—not less than 500 nor more than 1,000. All attempts to bring down the French force present to 45,000 men (Victoires et Conquêtes, vol. xxii) or 39,000 infantry and 8,000 horse (Jourdan) or ‘barely 50,000 men’ (Picard) are inadmissible.
XI
BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE LOSSES AT VITTORIA
I. BRITISH LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
1st Division, General Howard:
Stopford’s Brigade
1st Coldstream Guards, 1/3rd Guards No casualties.
Halkett’s Brigade
1st, 2nd, 5th Line K.G.L. — 1 — 1 — — 2
1st Light K.G.L. — 1 1 7 — — 9
2nd Light K.G.L. — 4 — 39 — — 43
Divisional Total — 6 1 47 — — 54
2nd Division, General Sir W. Stewart:
Cadogan’s Brigade
1/50th Foot — 27 7 70 — — 104
1/71st Foot 3 41 12 260 See below[1071] 316
1/92nd Foot — 4 — 16 — — 20
Byng’s Brigade
1/3rd Foot — 8 7 96 — — 110
1/57th Foot — 5 2 21 — — 28
1st Prov.[1072] Batt. — 3 2 35 — — 40
O’Callaghan’s Brigade
1/28th Foot — 12 17 171 — — 199
2/34th Foot — 10 3 63 — — 76
1/39th Foot — 26 8 181 — — 215
Divisional Total 3 136 58 913 — — 1,110
3rd Division, General Sir Thomas Picton:
Brisbane’s Brigade
1/45th Foot — 4 4 66 — — 74
74th Foot — 13 4 66 — — 83
1/88th Foot — 23 5 187 — — 215
5/60th Foot (3 comp.) — 2 2 47 — — 51
Colville’s Brigade
1/5th Foot 2 22 6 133 — — 163
2/83rd Foot 2 18 4 50 — — 74
2/87th Foot 1 54 12 177 — — 244
94th Foot — 5 6 56 — — 67
Divisional Total 5 141 43 782 — — 972
4th Division, General Sir Lowry Cole:
W. Anson’s Brigade
3/27th Foot — 7 3 32 — — 42
1/40th Foot — 5 3 34 — — 42
1/48th Foot — 1 — 18 — — 19
2nd Provisional[1073] — 4 — 6 — — 10
Skerrett’s Brigade
1/7th Foot — 2 — 2 — — 4
20th Foot — 3 — 1 — — 4
1/23rd Foot — 1 — 3 — — 4
Divisional Total — 23 6 96 — — 125
5th Division, General Oswald:
Hay’s Brigade
3/1st Foot — 8 7 96 — — 111
1/9th Foot 1 9 — 15 — — 25
1/38th Foot — — 1 7 — — 8
Robinson’s Brigade
1/4th Foot 1 12 6 72 — — 91
2/47th Foot 2 18 4 88 — — 112
2/59th Foot — 11 8 130 — — 149
Divisional Total 4 58 26 408 — — 496
7th Division, General Lord Dalhousie:
Barnes’s Brigade No casualties.
Grant’s Brigade
51st Foot 1 10 — 21 — — 32
68th Foot 2 23 9 91 — — 125
1/82nd Foot 1 5 3 22 — — 31
Chasseurs Britanniques — 29 2 109 — — 140
Light Company Brunswick-Oels[1074] 1 — — 5 — — 6
Divisional Total 5 67 14 248 — — 384
Light Division, General Charles Alten:
Kempt’s Brigade
1/43rd Foot — 2 2 27 — — 31
1/95th Rifles — 4 4 37 — — 45
3/95th Rifles 1 7 — 16 — — 24
Vandeleur’s Brigade
1/52nd Foot 1 3 1 18 — — 23
2/95th Rifles — — 1 8 — — 9
Divisional Total 2 16 8 106 — — 132
Cavalry.
R. Hill’s Brigade (Household Cavalry) No casualties.
Ponsonby’s Brigade — — — 2 — — 2
G. Anson’s Brigade
12th Light Dragoons 1 3 — 8 — — 12
16th Light Dragoons — 7 1 13 — — 21
Long’s Brigade — — — 1 — — 1
V. Alten’s Brigade No casualties.
Bock’s Brigade — 1 — — — — 1
Fane’s Brigade
3rd Dragoon Guards — 3 1 4 — — 8
1st Royal Dragoons — — — 1 — — 1
Grant’s Brigade
10th Hussars — 6 — 10 — — 16
15th Hussars — 10 2 47 — — 59
18th Hussars 1 10 2 21 — — 34
Total Cavalry 2 40 6 107 — — 155
Royal Horse Artillery — 4 1 35 — — 40
Field Artillery — 5 — 18 — — 23
K.G.L. Artillery — 2 — 5 — — 7
Royal Engineers — — 1 — — — 1
General Staff — — 8 — — — 8
General Total 21 498 192 2,764 — — 3,475
N.B.—In addition we have, undistributed under corps, 223 rank and file missing, of whom all except about 40 of the 1/71st were stragglers, not prisoners.
II. PORTUGUESE LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Ashworth’s Brigade (2nd Division)
6th Line — 1 — 10 — 1 12
18th Line — — — 1 — — 1
6th Caçadores 1 1 — 7 — — 9
Power’s Brigade (3rd Division)
9th Line 3 43 9 157 — — 212
21st Line 3 55 8 115 — 6 187
11th Caçadores — 3 2 7 — — 12
Stubbs’s Brigade (4th Division)
11th Line 1 36 6 109 — 1 153
23rd Line — 20 3 35 — — 58
7th Caçadores — 9 4 21 — — 35
Spry’s Brigade (5th Division)
3rd Line — 2 3 8 — — 13
15th Line — 6 3 19 — — 28
8th Caçadores — 13 2 25 — — 40
Lecor’s Brigade (7th Division)
7th Line — — — — — 6 6
Light Division
1st Caçadores — 2 — 2 — — 4
3rd Caçadores — — — 1 — — 1
17th Line — 7 1 20 — — 28
Silveira’s Division
Da Costa’s Brigade No casualties.
A. Campbell’s Brigade — 2 — 1 — 7 10
Pack’s Brigade
1st Line — 3 — — — — 3
16th Line 1 10 2 24 — — 37
4th Caçadores — 16 1 18 — — 35
Bradford’s Brigade
13th Line — — — 1 — 16 17
24th Line — — — 3 — 3 3
5th Caçadores — 4 — 5 — 2 11
Cavalry: in 6th Regiment — — — 2 — — 2
Artillery No casualties.
Total Portuguese Losses 9 233 44 592 — 43 921
III. SPANISH LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
All in Morillo’s and Longa’s Divisions 4 85 10 453 — — 562
TOTAL ALLIED LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
British 20 489 192 2,749 — 233 3,675
Portuguese 9 223 44 592 — 43 921
Spanish 4 85 10 453 — — 562
Total 33 807 246 3,794 — 266 5,158
XII
FRENCH LOSSES AT VITTORIA: JUNE 21
[From the Official Returns, lent me by Mr. Fortescue.]
ARMY OF THE SOUTH
Killed. Wounded. Prisoners. ‘Disparus.’
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Leval’s Division 4 98 17 395 4 133 — 108 759
Villatte’s Division — 43 2 212 — 22 — — 291
Conroux’s Division 5 74 27 712 4 265 — — 1,087
Maransin’s Brigade 3 80 21 510 4 63 — — 681
Daricau’s Division 3 89 20 389 1 49 — 280 833
Pierre Soult’s Cavalry — — 3 — — — — 3 6
Digeon’s Dragoons — 18 11 69 1 3 — — 102
Tilly’s Dragoons — 2 — 19 1 3 — — 25
Artillery 2 20 — 366 — 100 — — 488
Engineers, &c. 1 2 — 2 — 23 — — 28
Total 18 426 101 2,674 15 661 — 391 4,300
ARMY OF THE CENTRE
Killed. Wounded. ‘Prisoners or missing.’
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Darmagnac’s Division 9 96 33 414 3 791 1,346
Cassagne’s Division — 9 6 70 — 178 263
Treillard’s Dragoons — 6 1 17 — 56 80
Avy’s Chasseurs — 2 1 3 — 51 57
Artillery: no Returns ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Engineers — — — — — 4 4
Casapalacios’ Spaniards 5 20 12 21 — 300 358
Total 14 133 53 525 3 1,380 2,108
ARMY OF PORTUGAL
Killed. Wounded. ‘Prisoners or missing.’
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Sarrut’s Division 2 51 26 505 4 224 812
Lamartinière’s Division 7 70 30 362 1 116 586
Mermet’s Light Cavalry — 18 8 42 — 29 97
Boyer’s Dragoons 1 16 8 80 — — 105
Artillery, Engineers, &c. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Total 10 155 72 989 5 369 1,600
General Total of the Three Armies 42 714 226 4,188 23 2,801 8,008
No return (as usual) from King Joseph’s Royal Guards, who had, however, as Martinien’s lists show, 11 officers killed and wounded, probably therefore 150 to 200 casualties in rank and file. Also no returns from Artillery of Armies of the Centre and Portugal, from whom Martinien shows 9 officer-casualties, or from the fractions of the Army of the North present (3rd Line, &c.); the last show 3 officer-casualties in Martinien. It is obvious that the official total is several hundreds too small.
XIII
SIR JOHN MURRAY’S ARMY ON THE TARRAGONA EXPEDITION: JUNE 1813
Advanced Guard Brigade. Colonel Adam:
2/27th, Calabrese Free Corps, 1st Anglo-Italian Levy, one company Rifles of De Roll.
1st Division. General William Clinton. Brigadiers Honstedt and Haviland-Smith:
1/58th, 2/67th, 4th Line Battalion K.G.L., Sicilian ‘Estero’ regiment (2 batts.).
2nd Division. General John Mackenzie. Brigadiers Warren and Prevost:
1/10th, 1/27th, 1/81st, De Roll-Dillon, 2nd Italian Levy.
Whittingham’s Spanish Infantry:
Guadalajara, Cordova, 2nd of Murcia, Mallorca, 5th Grenadiers.
Cavalry:
Two squadrons 20th Light Dragoons, two squadrons Brunswick Hussars, one troop Foreign Hussars.
Artillery:
Two British and one Portuguese Field Batteries; one company British and one Portuguese attached to Battering Train.
STATISTICS OF ABOVE. JUNE 4, 1813
[No regimental totals available.]
Officers. Men.
Infantry:
British, German Legion, De Roll-Dillon, 1st and 2nd batts. Anglo-Italian Levy, Calabrese Free Corps 345 8,040
Sicilian Estero Regiment 67 1,041
Whittingham’s Spanish Infantry 228 4,624
Cavalry 37 764 [726 horses]
Artillery 53 767
Engineers and Staff Corps 9 77
Total 739 15,313
XIV
SUCHET’S ARMY AT THE TIME OF SIR JOHN MURRAY’S TARRAGONA EXPEDITION
I. THE ARMY OF VALENCIA. MORNING STATE OF JUNE 16, 1813
Officers. Men. Total.
1st Division, General Musnier [at Perello near Tortosa]: 1st Léger (2 batts.), 114th Line (3 batts.), 121st Line (2 batts.) 100 4,063 4,163
2nd Division, General Harispe [at Xativa]: 7th, 44th, 116th Line (2 batts. each) 97 3,967 4,064
3rd Division, General Habert [at Alcira]: 14th, 16th, 117th Line (2 batts. each) 118 4,002 4,120
3/5th Léger 18 601 619
Brigade detached from Catalonia, General Lamarque: 3rd Léger, 11th Line (2 batts. each), 20th Line (2 batts.)[1075], 1st Italian Chasseurs (1 squadron) 89 3,240 3,329
Cavalry, General Boussard: 4th Hussars (4 squadrons), 12th Cuirassiers (4 squadrons), 24th Dragoons (3 squadrons), Neapolitan Chasseurs (2 squadrons) 84 1,895 1,979
Cavalry from the Army of the Centre: 1 squadron Westphalian Chasseurs 11 163 174
Artillery and Artillery Train 20 1,201 1,221
Sappers 8 366 374
Gendarmerie, Équipages Militaires, &c. 9 681 690
Italian Division Severoli [at Buñol]: 1st Ligne and 1st Léger (2 batts. each), and divisional artillery 57 2,008 2,065
Total 611 22,187 22,798
II. GARRISONS OF ARAGON (GENERAL PARIS)
Officers. Men. Total.
10th Ligne (2 batts.), 81st Ligne (3 batts.), 8th Neapolitans 87 3,302 3,389
12th Hussars (3 squadrons) 26 370 396
Artillery 6 245 251
Gendarmerie (6 companies) 28 1,105 1,133
Chasseurs des Montagnes 26 658 684
Spanish troops 7 151 158
Total 180 5,831 6,011
III. THE ARMY OF CATALONIA. MORNING STATE OF JUNE 16
Officers. Men. Total.
Division of Cerdagne, General Quesnel: 102nd Line (2 batts.), 143rd Line (4 batts.), and details 113 2,961 3,074
Division of Upper Catalonia, General Lamarque: 32nd Léger and 60th Line (1 batt. each), 3rd Provisional Regiment, and details 60 2,459 2,519
Arrondissement of Gerona, General Nogués: 60th Line (2 batts.), 115th Line (1 batt.), and details 100 2,964 3,064
Beurmann’s Brigade: 115th Line (2 batts.), 23rd Léger (2 batts.), and details 62 2,400 2,462
Petit’s Brigade: 23rd Ligne (1 batt.), 67th Line (2 batts.), Wurzburg (1 batt.), and details 87 1,972 2,059
Arrondissement of Barcelona, General Maurice Mathieu: 5th Line (2 batts.), 79th Line (2 batts.), 18th Léger (2 batts.), 1st of Nassau (2 batts.), 29th Chasseurs (1 squadron), and details 162 6,857 7,019
Garrison of Lerida, General Henriod: 42nd Line (2 batts.), and details 39 1,404 1,443
Garrison of Tarragona: 20th Line (1 batt.), 7th Italian Line (1 batt.), and details 60 1,456 1,516
Gendarmerie (6 companies) 33 1,015 1,048
Artillery and Train 17 1,152 1,169
Sappers and Miners 5 186 191
Total 738 24,826 25,566
N.B.—The Cavalry (29th Chasseurs, and an odd squadron of 1st Hussars) was distributed in troops and half-troops all round the brigades, the only solid bodies being one squadron with Beurmann’s brigade, and one at Barcelona. The total number of sabres was 670 only.
XV
SPANISH ARMIES ON THE EAST COAST: JUNE 1, 1813
Officers. Men. Total.
First Army (General Copons).
1st Division (Eroles): 5 batts. and 2 squadrons 202 4,357 4,559
2nd Division (?): 7 batts. and 2 squadrons 309 5,124 5,433
Garrisons: 5 batts. and details 272 5,497 5,769
Total 783 14,978 15,761
Second Army (General Elio).
1st Division (Mijares): 6 batts. 230 4,125 4,355
2nd Division (Villacampa): 4 batts., 2 squadrons 209 4,355 4,564
3rd Division (Sarsfield): 5 batts., 2 squadrons. 206 5,178 5,384
4th Division (Roche), 5 batts. 199 4,237 4,436
5th Division (the Empecinado): 4 batts., 2 squadrons 135 4,113 4,248
6th Division (Duran): 4 batts., 3 squadrons 199 5,264 5,463
Cavalry Brigade: 2 regiments 61 953 1,014
Artillery 41 741 782
Engineers and Sappers 31 228 259
Total 1,311 29,294 30,605
Third Army (Duque Del Parque).
1st Division (Prince of Anglona): 8 batts. 210 4,932 5,142
2nd Division (Marquis de las Cuevas): 7 batts. 187 3,438 3,625
3rd Division (Cruz Murgeon): 7 batts. 118 2,656 2,774
Cavalry Brigade (Sisternes) 42 664 706
Artillery, &c. 21 323 344
Total 578 12,013 12,591
XVI
THE ARMY OF SPAIN AS REORGANIZED BY SOULT: JULY 1813
N.B.—Numerals appended to a regiment’s name give the number of battalions in it, when they exceed one.
Officers and men present.
1st Division. Foy.
Brigade Fririon: 6th Léger. Late Foy’s Division Army of Portugal. 5,922
69th Line (2). Ditto.
76th Line. Ditto.
Brigade Berlier: 36th Line (2). Late Sarrut’s Div. A. of P.
39th Line. Late Foy’s Div. A. of P.
65th Line (2). Late Sarrut’s Div. A. of P.
2nd Division. Darmagnac.
Brigade Chassé: 16th Léger. Late Darmagnac’s Div. Army of the Centre. 6,961
8th Line. Ditto.
28th Line (2). Late Cassagne’s Div. A. of C.
Brigade Gruardet: 51st Line. Ditto.
54th Line. Ditto.
75th Line (2). Ditto.
3rd Division. Abbé.
Brigade Rignoux: 27th Léger. Late Villatte’s Div. Army of the South. 8,030
63rd Line. Ditto.
64th Line[1076] (2). Late garrison of Vittoria A. of N.
Brigade Rémond: 5th Léger (2). Late Abbé’s Div. A. of N.
94th Line (2). Late Villatte’s Div. A. of S.
95th Line. Ditto.
4th Division. Conroux.
Brigade Rey: 12th Léger (2). Late Maransin’s Brigade A. of S. 7,056
32nd Line (2). Late Conroux’s Div. A. of S.
43rd Line (2). Ditto.
Brigade Schwitter: 45th Line. Late Maransin’s Brigade A. of S.
55th Line. Late Conroux’s Div. A. of S.
58th Line. Ditto.
5th Division. Vandermaesen.
Brigade Barbot: 25th Léger. Late Barbot’s Div. A. of P. 4,181
1st Line. Late garrison of Burgos, A. of N.[1077]
27th Line. Late Barbot’s Div. A. of P.
Brigade Rouget: 50th Line. Ditto.
59th Line. Ditto.
130th Line (2). Late Vandermaesen’s Div. A. of N.
6th Division. Maransin.
Brigade St. Pol: 21st Léger. Late Daricau’s Div. A. of S. 5,966
24th Line. Late Leval’s Div. A. of S.
96th Line. Ditto.
Brigade Mocquery: 28th Léger. Late Daricau’s Div. A. of S.
101st Line (2). Ditto.
103rd Line. Ditto.
7th Division. Maucune.
Brigade Pinoteau: 17th Léger. Late Maucune’s Div. A. of P. 4,186
15th Line (2). Ditto.
66th Line. Ditto.
Brigade Montfort: 34th Léger. Late Vandermaesen’s Div. A. of N.
82nd Line. Late Maucune’s Div. A. of P.
86th Line. Ditto.
8th Division. Taupin.
Brigade Béchaud: 9th Léger (2). Late Leval’s Div. A. of S. 5,981
26th Line. Late Taupin’s Div. A. of P.
47th Line (2). Ditto.
Brigade Lecamus: 31st Léger. Ditto.
70th Line (2). Ditto.
88th Line. Late Leval’s Div. A. of S.
9th Division. Lamartinière.
Brigade Menne: 2nd Léger. Late Sarrut’s Div. A. of P. 7,127
118th Line (2). Late Lamartinière’s Div. A. of P.
119th Line (2). Ditto.
Brigade Gauthier: 120th Line (3). Ditto.
122nd Line (2). Ditto.
Reserve (General Villatte).
Brigadiers: Thouvenot and Boivin.
(1) 1/4th Léger. Late Sarrut’s Division A. of P. 9,102
1 & 2/10th Léger. Late Abbé’s Division A. of N.
3/31st Léger. Late garrison of Vittoria A. of N.
1/3rd Line. Late Abbé’s Division A. of N.
2/34th Line. Late Vandermaesen’s Division A. of N.
1 & 3/40th Line. Late Vandermaesen’s Division A. of N.
1/101st Line. Late garrison of Vittoria A. of N.
1 & 2/105th Line. Late Abbé’s Division A. of N.
4/114th Line (detachment). Old Bayonne Reserve
4 & 5/115th Line. Old Bayonne Reserve
4/116th Line. Old Bayonne Reserve
4/117th Line. Old Bayonne Reserve
3/118th Line. Old Bayonne Reserve
3/119th Line. Late Biscay garrisons
Total: 17 battalions.
(2) Foreign troops:
Neuenstein’s German Brigade, 4th Baden, 2nd Nassau (2), Frankfort 2,066
St.Paul’s Italian Brigade 2nd Léger, 4th and 6th Line 1,349
Casapalacios’ Spanish Brigade—Castile, Toledo, Royal Étranger 1,168
King Joseph’s Guard (General Guy). 3 regiments 2,019
(3) Gendarmes à pied of the 4th and 5th Legions 900
National Guards 650
Total of Reserve 17,254
This total, as is obvious, much exceeds the 12,654 given as the total of the Reserve by the tables which Soult sent to Paris on July 16 as representing his available troops. These tables omit the following French battalions which were all undoubtedly on the Pyrenean frontier in July 1813 as they formed parts of the armies of the North and Portugal or of the old Bayonne Reserve in the returns of May, and are all found again present in the returns of September—1/3rd Line, 2/34th Line, 1 & 2/40th Line, 1 & 2/105th Line, 4/116th Line, 4/117th, 2/10th Ligne: i.e. 8-1/2 battalions, which easily account for the 4,600 men short in Soult’s total. After the battles of the Pyrenees, in which Maucune’s and Vandermaesen’s divisions were so cut up that they had to be re-formed with new units, the following battalions, whose existence is concealed by Soult in his July table, were drafted in to them—1 & 3/40th Line into Vandermaesen’s division, 1/3rd, 1 & 2/105th, 2/10th Léger, into Maucune’s. Obviously then, they were available, though omitted. The 4/116th and 4/117th (a fragment of four companies) came into the fighting divisions later, but must have been somewhere behind the Bidassoa all the time (having belonged to the old Bayonne Reserve).
Officers and men present.
Cavalry:
Acting as Corps-cavalry with the field army: 13th, 15th, 22nd Chasseurs 808
P. Soult’s Division: 5th and 12th Dragoons, 2nd Hussars, 5th, 10th, 21st Chasseurs, Nassau Chasseurs, Spanish Cavalry 3,981
Treillard’s Division: 4th, 14th, 16th, 17th, 21st, 26th Dragoons 2,358
Total cavalry 7,147
This makes the total available for service in the field:
Infantry 72,664
Cavalry 7,147
Total 79,811
while Soult only gave himself credit for 69,543, including the Reserve, for his field army.
In addition, there were half-trained conscripts at Bayonne 5,595. Garrisons of San Sebastian 3,185, Santoña 1,465, Pampeluna 3,550 = 8,200. Also sick 14,074, and detached 2,110.
Finally, ‘Troupes non comprises dans les organizations,’ or ‘troupes hors ligne,’ i. e. artillery, engineers, sappers, gendarmerie à cheval, train, équipages militaires, &c. = 9,000. Gross total about 122,367.
XVII
BRITISH LOSSES AT MAYA: JULY 25, 1813
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
2nd Division Staff — — 2 — — — 2
Cameron’s Brigade:
1/50th Foot 3 21 10 158 2 55 249
1/71st Foot 2 16 4 120 1 53 196
1/92nd Foot — 34 19 268 — 22 343
Pringle’s Brigade:
1/28th Foot 1 8 6 112 1 31 159
2/34th Foot 1 21 4 54 6 82 168
1/39th Foot 2 10 7 111 2 54 186
Two companies 5/60th, attached to above brigades 2 5 — 11 1 25 44
7th Division troops:
1/6th — 2 2 17 — — 21
1/82nd — 8 4 67 — — 79
Brunswick-Oels — 8 3 15 — 15 41
Total of the three brigades 11 133 61 933 13 337 1,488
BRITISH LOSSES AT RONCESVALLES
N.B.—Only those of Ross’s and Campbell’s brigades are available in detail, those of Byng’s brigade are nowhere found, but are known to have been slight—under 100 in all. It is most curious that not one officer-casualty appears to have occurred either in the 1/3rd or in the 1st Provisional Battalion, Byng’s only units engaged at Roncesvalles.
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Ross’s Brigade:
1/7th Foot 1 6 — 24 — — 31
20th Foot 1 14 8 105 — 11 139
1/23rd Foot — 6 4 32 — — 42
1 company Brunswick-Oels — 2 — 2 — — 4
Portuguese Brigade (A. Campbell):
11th Line — 3 — 20 — 6 29
23rd Line
7th Caçadores
XVIII
BRITISH LOSSES AT SORAUREN: JULY 28
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
2nd Division:
Byng’s Brigade:
1/3rd Foot — — — 2 — — 2
1/57th Foot — 2 2 59 — — 63
1st Provisional Batt. (2/31st & 2/66th) — — 1 4 — — 5
Brigade Total — 2 3 65 — — 70
3rd Division: no losses.
4th Division (Cole):
Anson’s Brigade:
3/27th Foot 2 41 9 195 — 7 254
1/40th Foot 1 19 4 105 — — 129
1/48th Foot 2 10 8 104 — 11 135
2nd Provisional Batt. (2nd & 2/53rd) — 1 1 18 — — 20
Ross’s Brigade:
1/7th Foot 1 46 10 159 1 — 217
1/20th Foot 1 23 5 79 — — 108
1/23rd Foot 2 16 4 59 — — 81
1 company Brunswick-Oels — 1 — 3 — 1 5
Divisional Total 9 157 41 722 1 19 949
6th Division (Pack):
Stirling’s Brigade:
1/42nd Foot — 3 — 19 — — 22
1/79th Foot — 4 1 30 — — 35
1/91st Foot — 12 6 92 — 2 112
1 company 5/60th — 1 — 4 — — 5
Lambert’s Brigade:
1/11th Foot — 5 4 42 — — 51
1/32nd Foot — — 1 23 — — 24
1/36th Foot — — 2 16 — — 18
1/61st Foot — 2 2 58 — — 62
Divisional Total — 27 16 284 — 2 329
Artillery — — — 6 — — 6
General Staff 2 — 2 — — — 4
Total British 11 186 62 1,077 1 21 1,358
Total Portuguese 3 160 45 850 — 44 1,102
General Total 14 346 107 2,034 1 65 2,460
XIX
BRITISH LOSSES AT SECOND SORAUREN: JULY 30
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
2nd Division:
Byng’s Brigade:
1/3rd Foot 1 3 1 25 — — 30
1/57th Foot — 2 2 33 — — 37
1st Provisional Batt. (2/31st & 2/66th) 1 5 6 52 — — 64
Brigade Total 2 10 9 110 — — 131
3rd Division (Picton):
Brisbane’s Brigade:
1/45th Foot — — 1 7 — — 8
5/60th (4 companies) — 2 1 28 — — 31
74th Foot 1 6 4 38 — — 49
1/88th Foot — — — 1 — — 1
Brigade Total 1 8 6 74 — — 89
Colville’s Brigade: no casualties.
4th Division (Cole):
Anson’s Brigade:
3/27th Foot — — — — — — —
1/40th Foot — — 1 6 — — 7
1/48th Foot — — — — — — —
2nd Provisional Batt. (2nd & 2/53rd) — — — 6 — — 6
Brigade Total — — 1 12 — — 13
Ross’s Brigade: no casualties.
6th Division (Pakenham):
Stirling’s Brigade:
1/42nd Foot — 1 — 7 — — 8
1/79th Foot — 1 — 17 — — 18
1/91st Foot — 1 1 7 — — 9
Lambert’s Brigade:
1/11th Foot — 2 — 20 — 1 23
1/32nd Foot — 3 2 28 — — 33
1/36th Foot — 6 1 19 — — 26
1/61st Foot — 1 2 10 — — 13
Divisional Total — 15 6 108 — 1 130
7th Division (Dalhousie):
Barnes’s Brigade:
1/6th Foot — — 1 5 — 1 7
3rd Provisional Batt. (2/24th & 2/58th) — 1 — 2 — — 3
Brunswick-Oels (9 companies) — 2 — 1 — 14 17
Inglis’s Brigade:
51st Foot — 2 — 22 — — 24
68th Foot 1 3 3 16 — — 23
1/82nd Foot — 9 7 76 — — 92
Chasseurs Britanniques 1 12 9 19 — 4 45
Divisional Total 2 29 20 141 — 19 211
Artillery — 1 — 8 — — 9
General British Total 5 62 42 448 — 20 583
Portuguese total unascertainable; the casualties of 2nd Sorauren and Beunza, fought on the same day, being lumped together in the return at 1,120. But at 2nd Sorauren they were fairly light: from the fact that Stubbs’s Portuguese brigade had 6 officer-casualties this day, Lecor’s 4, and Madden’s 3, it might be guessed that the ‘other ranks’ casualties may have been about 300 in all.
COMBAT OF BEUNZA. JULY 30
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Fitzgerald’s (late Cameron’s) Brigade:
1/50th — 3 2 14 2 9 30
1/71st — 8 1 28 — 13 50
1/92nd — 9 1 26 — 1 37
Pringle’s Brigade:
1/28th — — — — — — —
2/34th 1 5 1 15 — 9 31
1/39th — — — 3 — — 3
General Staff — — 1 — — — 1
Cavalry (14th Light Dragoons and 1st Hussars K.G.L.) — — 1 2 — 2 5
Total 1 25 7 88 2 34 157
Portuguese losses heavy. Ashworth’s brigade had 12 officer-casualties, Da Costa’s 18; this at the usual rate should mean about 600 casualties of all ranks.
XX
BRITISH CASUALTIES IN MINOR ENGAGEMENTS: JULY 31-AUGUST 2, 1813
COMBAT OF VENTA DE URROZ (or DONNA MARIA). JULY 31
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Fitzgerald’s Brigade:
1/50th Foot — 6 — 26 — 14 46
1/71st Foot — 2 1 34 — — 37
1/92nd Foot — 12 6 69 — 4 91
Pringle’s Brigade:
1/28th Foot — 1 — 1 — — 2
2/34th Foot — 1 — 13 — 2 16
1/39th Foot — — — 4 — — 4
7th Division:
Inglis’s Brigade:
51st Foot — 5 — 40 — 6 51
68th Foot — 5 — 25 — — 30
1/82nd Foot — — — 3 — — 3
Chasseurs Britanniques — 9 1 15 — 8 33
Total — 41 9 230 1 34 315
COMBAT OF ECHALAR. AUGUST 2
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
General Staff — — 1 — — — 1
4th Division:
Ross’s Brigade:
1/7th Foot — — — 4 — — 4
20th Foot 1 — 3 26 — — 30
1/23rd Foot — — — 3 — — 3
7th Division:
Barnes’s Brigade:
1/6th Foot 1 12 3 119 — 3 138
3rd Provisional Batt. — 15 9 115 — 2 141
Brunswick-Oels — 1 4 7 — 2 14
Light Division:
1/43rd — — — 1 — — 1
1/95th — 1 1 10 — — 12
3/95th — 1 — 13 — — 14
Total 2 30 21 298 — 7 358
XXI
PORTUGUESE LOSSES IN THE BATTLES OF THE PYRENEES
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
Da Costa’s Brigade:
2nd Line 3 85 9 81 — 21 200 All at Beunza, July 30.
14th Line 1 23 5 36 — 19 84
A. Campbell’s Brigade:
4th Line 2 24 7 78 — 3 114 Almost all at two battles of Sorauren.
10th Line 2 75 7 116 — 13 213
10th Caçadores — 3 3 12 — 10 28
Ashworth’s Brigade (2nd Division):
6th Line — 29 5 63 — 8 105 All at Beunza, July 30.
18th Line 1 51 4 82 — 12 150
6th Caçadores 1 13 1 37 — 10 62
Lecor’s Brigade (7th Division):
7th Line — — — — — 4 4 Almost all at 2nd Sorauren, July 30.
19th Line — — 2 — — — 2
2nd Caçadores 1 12 1 44 — — 58
Madden’s Brigade (6th Division):
8th Line — — — 3 — — 3 At the two battles of Sorauren.
12th Line 2 53 2 208 — 4 269
9th Caçadores — 15 3 86 — — 104
Power’s Brigade (3rd Division):
9th Line — — — — — 2 2 All at 2nd Sorauren.
21st Line — 5 — 9 — — 14
11th Caçadores — 1 — 5 — — 6
Stubbs’s Brigade (4th Division):
11th Line 1 34 1 105 — 1 142 At the two battles of Sorauren.
23rd Line 1 17 6 26 — — 50
7th Caçadores 2 47 5 67 — — 121
Total 16 489 60 1,060 — 107 1,732
No Artillery losses save those at the combat of Maya, which were about 15. No Cavalry losses at all, though D’Urban’s brigade was in the field at Sorauren.
N.B.—It will be noted that these losses are appreciably lower than those stated in Wellington’s general return. The figures given above are from Beresford’s corrected returns at Lisbon.
XXII
FRENCH LOSSES IN THE CAMPAIGN OF THE PYRENEES
[From Soult’s Official Return, lent me by Mr. Fortescue.]
Killed. Wounded. Prisoners.
Off. Men. Off. Men. Off. Men. Total.
I. Reille’s Wing:
1st Division (Foy) 6 78 9 393 — 69 555
7th Division (Maucune) 14 189 27 500 25 1,102 1,857
9th Division (Lamartinière) 10 79 16 657 3 216 981
Total Reille’s Wing 30 346 52 1,550 28 1,387 3,393
II. D’Erlon’s ‘Centre’:
2nd Division (Darmagnac) 13 191 65 1,925 1 30 2,225
3rd Division (Abbé) 9 130 21 560 1 29 750
6th Division (Maransin) 11 105 34 783 — 126 1,059
Total D’Erlon’s ‘Centre’ 33 426 120 3,268 2 185 4,034
III. Clausel’s Wing:
4th Division (Conroux) 16 145 35 1,432 12 747 2,387
5th Division (Vandermaesen) 16 153 30 978 2 301 1,480
8th Division (Taupin) 6 125 38 1,007 — 26 1,202
Total Clausel’s Wing 38 423 103 3,417 14 1,074 5,069
IV. Cavalry — 12 2 33 1 19 67
General Total of Army 101 1,207 277 8,268 45 2,665 12,563
No figures for Artillery, Engineers, Train, or other auxiliary services, or for General Staff. Martinien’s lists supply 4 casualties of generals (Conroux, Schwitter, Rignoux, Meunier), and 12 of staff officers. There must have been appreciable casualties in the other services, especially men captured from the Train at the Yanzi disaster.
Soult’s figures are always unreliable (as witness Albuera). The details above contain some ‘moral impossibilities’—e. g. the Return gives 63rd Line of Abbé’s Division 193 casualties, not including one officer. But Martinien’s lists supply one officer-casualty at Maya, two at Beunza, two at Yanzi. Similarly 58th Line of Conroux has in the Official Return 473 casualties, including only 5 officers—1 wounded and 4 prisoners. A reference to Martinien shows 2 officers killed (one the colonel!) and 5 wounded—adding the 4 prisoners we get 11 officer-casualties to 473 men: quite a possible percentage, which Soult’s is not.
Captain Vidal de la Blache (i. p. 280) gives a casualty list differing slightly from the above. It runs: Foy 556, Maucune 2,457, Lamartinière 981, Darmagnac 2,225, Abbé 253 [quite impossible], Maransin 1,059, Conroux 2,387, Vandermaesen 1,480, Taupin 1,202, Cavalry 72; total 12,071.