INDEX

Abatetwa clan, 281

Abbadie, Antoine and Arnaud, 226, 317

Abbas bin Tusūn, 360

Abbas Hilmi, 367

Abbasid Khalifs, 67, 69, 71, 72

Abd-al-aziz, 223

Abd-al-Hamid, 366

Abd-al-Kader, 214, 218

Abd-al-Mumin, 64

Abd-al-Wadite kings of Tlemsan, 64

Abdallah-al-Taaisha, 363

Abdallah-bin-Abu-Sarh, 56

Abdallah-bin-Zubeir, 56

Abd-ar-rahman bin Mūawiya, 59

Abo, 192

Abraham of Beja, 81, 82

Abreu, Gomez d', 424

Abruzzi, Duke of the, 340

Abu Muhammad Hafsi, 64

Abu-AbdAllah, 60

Abukir Bay, 212

Abu’l Abbas Ahmad-al-Mansur, 66 et seq.

Abyssinia, 7, 10, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 43, 51, 52, 62, 82 et seq., 152, 212, 226, 227, 241, 242, 245, 253, 300, 301, 303, 308, 316, 317, 319, 320, 326, 363, 393 et seq., 443

Abyssinian explorers, 45, 317

Accra, 124, 177, 178, 196

Aχdar mountains, 42

Acila, 66

Açores Islands, 92, 116, 390

Acre, 212

Acunha, Tristan d' (Conquistador), 83

— — Island, 268

Adamawa, 194

Aden, 18, 19, 73, 83, 226, 227, 235, 335, 337, 372

Adis Ababa, 227, 396

Adonis, 39

Adrar, 12, 121, 321

Adrar Temmur, 209

Adua, 396

Adulis, 43

Aelius Gallus, 298

Aepyornis, 424

Afar-Danakil-Somali language group, 21

Afarik, 37

Affonso (of Kongo), 86

Africa, prehistoric race movements in, 1 et seq.; negroes of modern Africa, 5, 6; indebted to Egypt for domestic animals and cultivated plants, 19, 20; Mediterranean colonization of, 32 et seq.; derivation of name, 37; Arab conquest of, 52 et seq.

“Africa” (the Roman province of), 47, 49 et seq., 59, 219

African Association, 304, 305, 318

— Lakes Company, 248, 277, 284

“Afrikander Bond,” 276

Afrikanders, 129, 140, 276

Agades, 13, 19, 49, 209

Agadir, 224, 225, 399

Agau-Bilin, 21

Aghlab, Aghlabite dynasty, 59, 60

Agisymba, 48

Agulhas, Cape, 81

Ahaggar, 337

Ahmad bin Tulūn,70

Ahmadu Abdulei, 203

473Ahmadu Ahmadu, 202

Ahmadu bin Tidiani, 202, 204

Ahmadu Lobo, 202

Ahmadu, the Fula King, 309

Air, country of, 327, 337, 443

Air and Asben, oasis, 209

Akaba, Gulf of, 366

Akko, 32

Al-Araish, 77

Al-'Askar, 60

Albanians, 19, 70

Albany, 256, 258

Albargoa, 423

Albert Nyanza, see Nyanza

Albreda, 171

Albu, Sir G., 146, 274

Albuquerque, Major Mouzinho de, 114

Aldabra, 29, 295

Aleppo, 71

Alexander, Lieut. Boyd, 338, 339

Alexander, Sir J. E., 307

Alexander the Great, 43

Alexandria, 44, 45, 52, 71, 212, 214, 238, 298, 359, 360, 362, 366, 393

Al-Fasi, 391

Alfonso I, 76

Alfonso III, 77

Alfonso V, 76

Alfonso VI, 76

Al Fostat, 60

Alfred, county of, 270

Algarve, 77

Algeciras Conference, 223, 225

Algeria, 5, 8, 12, 22, 35, 38, 47, 49, 50, 53, 56, 59 et seq., 116, 119, 120, 160, 207, 213 et seq., 245, 252, 253, 301, 321, 337, 444, 445

Algiers, 117, 118, 195, 213, 214, 230, 235, 400

Algoa Bay, 81, 126, 259

Alhucemas, Is., 119

Ali, 56, 59, 60, 66, 69

Ali bin Hamūd, 382

Al Jof, 237

Al Kahirah, 60

Al-Kaïm bi Amr Allah, 60

Al Kasr-al-Kabīr, 77

Al-Katai, 60

Allah, 55

Allat, 55

Al-Mahdi Senussi II, 236

Al-Mansur, 67, 69

Al-Masr, 60

Almeida, Francisco de, 424

Almirante Islands, 28, 29, 295

Almoravide, Almohade, see Marabut and Muāhadim

Al Mu’izz, 60

Al-Obeid, 363

Alsace-Lorraine settlers in Algeria, 216

Alula, Ras, 394

Alvares, Dom, 86 et seq.

Alvarez, 83

Al Wardani, 367

Amalfi, 390

Amamfengu, 267

Amaro José, 307

Amatola Mountains, 263

Amatongaland, 281, 283

Ama-zulu, 281

Ambas Bay, 184, 244, 415

Ambriz, 94

America, 88, 92, 124, 154

American Colonization Society, 158, 164

American Missionaries, 36, 96, 175, 228, 252, 261

American slave-trade, 153, 154, 156

American War of Independence, 173

Amerindian type, 4

Amhara, 395

Amiens, Peace of, 254

Amina, Princess, 360

Amir-al-Mumenin, 63

Amorites, 22

Amr-bin-al-As, 55

Amsterdam, 127

Anamabu, 176

Andalucia, 50, 120, 202

Andaman Islands, 3

Anderson, Benjamin, 166

Andersson, C. J., 317, 327

Angas, G. F., 308

Angles, 50

Anglo-French Conventions, 210, 225, 230, 366, 368

474Anglo-German Convention of 1890, 364, 411

Angola, 87, 89 et seq., 96, 97, 104, 106, 108, 124, 128, 154, 184, 245, 250, 251, 258, 291, 301, 316 et seq., 325, 338, 444

Angoni-Zulus, 24, 103, 160, 279

Angora goats, 265, 274, 419

Angoshe, 103, 109, 110

Angra Pequena, 99, 406, 420

Anhaya, Pedro de, 83

Ankobra, 124

Ankole, 381

Annesley Bay, 43

Anno Bom Island, 121

Anti-Atlas Mountains, 120, 224

Antilles, 117

Antonelli, 329

Anuaks, 370

Apollonia, 42, 124

Arābi, Ahmed, 360, 362

Arabia, 1, 4, 17, 21, 22, 24, 26, 29, 33, 39, 43, 51, 52, 54 et seq., 62, 84, 103, 152, 156, 159, 160, 326

Arabic language, 40, 61, 70, 75, 217, 253, 448, 449

Arabs, 13, 14, 19, 22 et seq., 29, 30, 42, 44, 45, 52 et seq., 70 et seq., 134, 146, 152, 160, 161, 213, 215, 217, 241, 279, 285, 291, 294, 344 et seq., 446 etc.

Aragon, 116

Aramaic, 21, 40

Archinard, Col., 204, 206

Argonauts, 41

Arguin, 79, 123, 198, 403

Arizona, 153

Armenia, 20

Armenians, 19, 21, 22

Arnaud (explorer), 338

Arnold, Sir Edwin, 364

Arnot, F. S., 330

Arõ tribe, 187

Aruwimi, R., 329, 332

Arvad, 32

Aryan tongues, 21

Aryan type, 22

Arzila, 66

Ascension Island, 99, 268

Ashanti, 10, 12, 14, 48, 124, 146, 154, 161, 176 et seq., 204, 309

Ashmun, 39

Ashmun, Rev. Jehudi, 164

Asia, probable birth-place of the negro, 4; modern negroes of, 5 etc.

Asia Minor, 69

Asiatics in S. Africa, 291, 294

Asil, 237

Asiut, 303

Asjer, 37

Asmara, 393

Ass, the, 75

Assab Bay, 393

As-Sanusi, 236

Assini, 205

Assuan, 368

Assyria, Assyrians, 19, 21, 33, 37

Astarte, 39

Atbara, 46, 365

Atiqa, 32, 33

Atlantic Ocean reached by Arabs, 57

Atlas Mountains, 2, 47, 49, 64, 223, 224, 324, 331, 336

“Atrocities,” 349

Augustus Caesar, 298

Aures Mountains, 445

Aurigha, 53

Austen, Capt. H. H., 339

Australia, 264, 293

Australoids, 2

Austria, 59, 245

Austrian attempt on Delagoa Bay, 111

Austrian Catholic Mission on Nile, 319

Austrian missionaries, 245

Author. His experience of slave traffic, 155, 156; administers Ambas Bay, 184; removes Jaja, 185; explores the Benin river, 186; administers British Central Africa, 278, 284; with Dr Cross discovers south end of Lake Rukwa, 328; other African explorations, 330, 331; and Kili-ma-njaro, 376, 409; appointed Special Commissioner, 380, 381; 475on the East African Protectorate, 387

Avis, House of, 66, 88

Awarigha, 37

Awuraghen, 37

Axim, 124

Axum, 43, 300

Ayeaye, the, 427

Ayubite kings of Egypt, 71

Baal-hammana, 38

Baal Milkkart, 39

Bab-al-Mandib, Straits of, 4, 393, 397

Babel or Babylon, 60

Baboons, 43

Badagri, 311, 312

Baert, Capt., 330

Baetica, 50

Baganda, 380

Baghdad, 58, 59, 67, 69 et seq.

Bagirmi, 13, 14, 194, 230, 235 et seq., 324, 443

Bagradas, 38

Bahr-al-Ghazal, 12, 16, 19, 43, 46, 319, 321, 326, 327, 336, 363, 369

Baikie, Dr W. B., 188

Bailundo, 96

Baines, Thomas, 283

— William, 327

Ba-jok, 87, 301

Baker, Sir Samuel and Lady, 315, 318, 326, 362

Bakhunu, 204

Ba-kioko, 87

Bakka, 54

Ba-kongo, 240

Balboa, 153

Baldissera, General, 396

Baldwin, 327

Ball, Mr John, 324

Bamaku, 202, 203, 305

Bambotus, 49

Bambuk, 199, 304

Banana (tree), 27, 75, 92, 93

Bandiagara, 202

Bangweulu, Lake, 322, 330, 334

Bani, 14

Banks, Sir Joseph, 304

Bantu Africa, 26, 308, 335

Bantu border-line, 230, 332

— language, 10, 11, 16, 134

— negroes, 26, 30, 45, 51, 97, 122, 126, 134, 232, 415, 418

— — migrations of, 134, 135, 255

Baptist Mission (Cameroons and Congo), 184, 244, 325, 329, 415

Baptista (explorer), 307

Baratieri, General, 396

Barbarossas, the, 118

Barbary, 54, 59, 61, 62, 66, 298, 302

Barbary States, 118, 169, 195, 303; see also Algeria, Tunis, Tripoli

Barclay, Hon. Arthur, 167

Bardera, 398

Bardo Museum, 35

Barghash, Sultan, 375

Bari people, 245, 326

Baring, Sir E., see Cromer

Baringo, Lake, 331, 335

Barka, 41, 57, 61, 69, 314, 444

Barke, 42

Barotse, 249, 278, 325, 339

Barrakonda Rapids, 302

Barreto, Francisco, 101, 102, 300

Barth, Dr Heinrich, 195, 314, 315

Bary, Dr E. von, 327

Basel Mission, 248

“Bastards,” the, 139, 142, 418

Bastian, Dr, 322

“Bastion de France,” 211

Basuto, Basutoland, 134, 140 et seq., 249, 250, 263, 264, 270, 273, 275, 281, 291 et seq.

Batavia, 126, 127, 135, 136

Bateke country, 90

Batenstein, Fort, 124

Bates, G. L., 339

Batetela, 346

Bathurst, 170, 171

Batoka country, 240, 247

Battel, Andrew, 301

Bauchi, 194

Bauer, F., 338

Baumann, Dr, 333, 336

Baya country, 234

Ba-yaka, 87

Bayoñ, 415

Beaconsfield, Lord, 406

476Beaufort, de, 200, 319

Bechuana, Bechuanaland, 134, 140, 143, 145, 249, 255, 269 et seq., 291, 292, 307, 308, 317

Beechey, Admiral, 314

Beecroft, Capt. John, 183, 188, 313

Behanzin, 206

Beira, 82, 100, 113 et seq., 279, 285, 286

Beirūt, 32

Beit, Alfred, 146, 274

Beja, 21, 81

Beke, Dr C. T., 317

Belgian Africa, 342 et seq.

Belgian Congo, 87, 96, 233, 235, 272, 291

Belgians, King of the, 229 et seq., 328, 329, 342 et seq.

Belgium, Belgians, 161, 328, 329, 342 et seq.

Bell, King, 408

Beltrame, Giovanni, 319

Belzoni, Giovanni, 186

Bembatoka Bay, 429, 438

Bena-mutapa, 23

Benadir, 397, 398

Bengal, Bay of, 28

Benghazi, 42

Benguela, 90, 94, 96, 159, 251, 301, 316, 323

Beni-Hilal, 61

Beni-Merīn, 54, 64

Beni-Midrār, 59

Benin, 154, 169, 181 et seq.

Beni-Rustam, 59

Beni-Soleim, 61

Bentley, Reverend Dr H., 244, 329

Benue, R., 12, 13, 48, 185, 188, 190 et seq., 313, 332, 333, 338

Benyowski, 427

Benzert, 38

Berber states and dynasties, 194

Berbers, 12 et seq., 18, 21, 36 et seq., 50, 51, 53, 54, 57 et seq., 117, 214, 215, 217, 253, 446

Berenike, 18

Berg River, 131

Berg-Damara negroes, 7

Berkeley, E., 380

Berlin Conference, 189, 192, 219, 229, 231, 343

Berlin Convention of 1884, 112

Bermuda, 264

Bermudez, 84

Bernard, A., 334

Beshar, 222

Best, Rev. Mr, 251

Betancourt (Béthencourt), Jean de, 85, 116

Bethany, 406

Betsi-misáraka, 428

Beurmann, M. v., 324

Bey of Constantine, 214, 218

Bey of Tunis, 219, 220, 323

Bezuidenhout brothers, 258

Biafra, 183

Bianco, Andrea, 424

Bibars, 71

Bights of Biafra and Benin, 183, 205, 312, 313

Bihé, 251

Bilma, 209, 339

Binger, Colonel Louis G., 203, 205, 315, 333

Bird, Mrs Isabella, 433

Biruna, 32

Biruta, 32

Bisandugu, 204

Bisharin, 17, 18, 21, 52

Bishops (Christian), see Christian; Negro do., 86, 243

Biskra, 57

Bismarck, Prince, 405, 406

Bismarck archipelago, 3

Bitter Lakes, 33

Bizerta (Hippo-Zaryt), 38

“Black Africa,” 449, 450

“Black, White, and Yellow,” 272

Blanchet, Paul, 338

Blanco, Cape, 78, 79, 121, 171, 198, 403

Blantyre, 108, 251

Blemmyes, 52

Bloemfontein, 149, 288; Convention, 142

Blyden, Dr E. W., 167

Bocarro, Jasper, 300

Boer victories, 149

Boers, the, 7, 95, 129, 136, 138 et seq., 257, 258, 260 et seq., 281 et seq., 292, 293, 388

477Böhm, 327, 334

Boiteux, Lieut., 206, 207

Bojador, Cape, 78, 121

Bolts (adventurer), 111

Boma, 80, 87, 347

Bombay Presidency, 152

Bona, Bône, 38, 66, 117, 216, 390

Bondelzwarts, 417

Bondu, 201, 202

Bonnat, Mons. M. J., 325

Bonnier, Col., 204, 207

Bonny, R., 185, 189

Boomerang, 15

Bôr, 319

Borān Gala country, 386

Borckenhager, Mr, 276

Borelli, H., 226, 334

Borghese, Prince Giovanni, 323

Borgnis-Desbordes, General, 202

Borgu, 12, 51, 182, 192 et seq.

Bornu, 12, 15, 19, 48, 51, 68, 70, 160, 191, 193, 204, 235, 236, 304, 310, 314, 315, 323, 443

Boroma, 247

Botha, General Louis, 150

Bottego, 334

Bourbon, Island of, 127, 296, 426, 429

Boutros Pasha, 367

Bowdich, Thomas Edward, 176, 309

Bragança, House of, 67, 93

Brandenburg in Africa, 403

— Great Elector of, 403

Brass, R., 189, 312

Brass settlement, 312, 313

Brass work, 187

Bratières, Serg., 205

Brava (Barawa), 100

Brawa, 398

Brazil, Brazilians, 91, 92, 94, 96, 98, 104, 158, 159, 226, 301

Brazza, Savorgnan de, 228, 229, 234, 329, 343

Brest, 201

Bricchetti-Robecchi, 334

Bristol, 157, 205

Britain, British, 72, 77, 104, 110, 126, 132, 133, 154, 161, 163, 165 et seq., 171, 177, 178, 180, 182, 183, 189, 191 et seq., 198, 219, 227, 239, 254 et seq., 359 et seq.

Britain and the Slave Trade, 239

— Missionary efforts, 239

British Element in Cape Colony, 257

— Empire in India, 133

— Empire of the Future, 446

— Central Africa, 107, 108, 179, 278, 279, 284, 331, 334

— East Africa, 10, 156, 250, 444

— — Company, 376, 378, 383

— Government, the, 73, 107, 112, 113, 124, 135, 141, 157, 164, 173, 176, 178, 183, 187, 188, 192, 194, 206, 257, etc.

— Nigeria, 188, 190 et seq.

— occupation of Egypt, 19, 159

— South Africa, 95, 115, 144, 149, 254 et seq., 291

— South Africa Chartered Co., 113, 114, 147, 160, 231, 278, 284, 285, 287, 339, 346

Bronze work, 186, 187

Brown, Dr Robert, 154, 199

Browne, William G., 303

Bruce, James, 303

— Sir David and Lady, 340

Brüe, André de, 198, 199, 302, 309

Bu Amama, 217

Bube, the, 122

Buchanan, John, 278

Buëa, 415

Buffalo, Indian, 75, 390

— River, 255

Buganda, 377, 379, 381

Bugeaud, Marshal, 214

Bugia, 66, 117

“Bula Matadi,” 87, 343, 356

Bullom, 174

Buluwayo, 272, 285

Bunbury, Sir E. H., 41, 298

Bunnon, L. von, 336

Bunyoro, 320, 380, 381

Burchell, Dr William, 307

Burmese, 3

Burton, Sir Richard F., 183, 186, 315, 318, 324, 334

478Buru, 3

Busa, 188, 190, 191, 208, 306, 311, 312

Bushiri, 411

Bushmen, 2, 5 et seq., 18, 26, 29, 126, 134, 232, 255

Bushongo, 16, 26, 339

Busira, R., 329

Busoga, 376, 378, 387

Büttikofer, Prof. J., 328

Büttner, Dr R., 336

Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, 313

Byzacene, 58

Byzantium, Byzantine Greeks, 19, 39, 41, 43, 50, 52, 53, 55 et seq., 74, 152

Cabo Tormentoso, 81

Cacao tree, 92, 96, 97, 122, 180

Ca' da Mosto, 79

Cadiz, 32

Caillaud, F., 319

Caillié, René, 200, 309

Cairo, 60, 67, 69, 71, 72, 82, 212, 245, 279, 303, 362, 366

Caius Plinius Secundus, 45, 298

Calabar, see Old

California, 293

Cam, Diogo, 80, 85

Cambier, Capitaine, 342

Cambon, M. Jules, 220

Cambyses, 43, 298

Camel, the, 48, 54, 75, 419

Cameron, Capt. V. L., 322, 325, 328, 342

Cameroons (Kamerun), 5, 6, 12, 13, 20, 36, 49, 79, 99, 122, 182 et seq., 228, 229, 234, 244, 251, 324, 325, 331, 332, 338, 407, 408, 414, 415

Campagnon, Sieur, 199, 302, 309

Campbell, Capt., 306

— (Scotch missionary explorer), 307

Canaanite settlements in Berberland, 37

Canada, 143, 173, 216

Canary Islands, 32, 85, 116, 117, 120, 196, 225, 226, 390

Candido de Costa Cardoso, 307

Cannibalism, 349

Cantin, Cape, 35

Cape Bon peninsula, 41

— Coast, 99, 124, 176, 177

— of Good Hope, 81 et seq., 99, 100, 104, 125 et seq., 242, 254

— Colony, 130 et seq., 176, 240, 254 et seq., 404

— Dutch, 147, 149

— Town, 106, 125, 128, 129, 132, 133, 135 et seq., 254, 255, 269, 272, 273, 279

— Verde, 36, 79, 99, 197, 201

— — Islands, 79, 92, 98, 133

“Cape Boys,” 267

“Cape to Cairo,” 279, 340, 364

Cape-Jubi-Bojador region, 225

Capello, Brito, 325

Capuchins, 94, 228

Carnarvon, Lord, 143, 269, 280

Caron, Lieut., 203

Carthage, 24, 32, 35, 37, 38, 46, 47, 57, 65, 152, 235

Carthaginians, 33, 35 et seq., 79, 121

Casablanca, 223

Casamanse, River, 201

Casati, 380

Casement, Sir R., 355

Cassel, Sir E., 368

Castile, 85, 116

Castile-Aragon, 66

Cat, the domestic, 92

Catalans, 78

Cathcart, General, 263

Cattle, 39, 180, 255, 274, 419

Caucasia, 20

Caucasian race, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 16, 21, 75

Cavendish, Capt., 267

Cavendish, Mr H. S., 335

Cerne, see Kerne

Cetewayo (C̓echwayo), 282

Ceuta, 57, 58, 65, 67, 77, 78, 119

Ceylon, 4, 28, 29, 129, 133, 428

Chad, Lake, 8, 14, 15, 20, 46, 48, 54, 62, 159, 190 et seq., 230, 235, 300, 310, 315, 324, 337, 338

Chafarinas Islands, 119

479Chaga, 376

Chagos group, 28

Chaillé-Long, Col., 326

Chaillu, Paul du, 228, 324

Chaka, 140, 141, 261, 267, 281

Chaldaea, 37

Chali, 259

Chama, 124

Chamberlain, Mr Joseph, 287

Chanler, W. Astor, 335

Chanoine, Capt., 221, 222, 236

Charlemagne, 59

Charles of Anjou, 65

Charles II of England, 176, 302

— V of Spain, 118, 153

— X of France, 213, 431

Chartered companies, 109, 114, 124, 192, 278

Chatelain, Rev. Héli, 251

Chekhs, 72

Chelmsford, Lord, 282

Cherim, 106

Chevalier, A., 338, 340

Chillies, 91, 92

Chimpanzee, the, 17, 36

China, Chinese, 29, 83, 91, 290, 291, 294

Chinde, R., 114, 115, 318

Chiromys, 427

Chobe, R., 416

Christian Bishops in Tunisia, 65; in Central Africa, 86, 327, 378; Madagascar, 248

Christian Missions in Africa, list of: American Presbyterian Mission, 250, 251 Austrian Catholic Mission (Sudan), 245 Baptist (American) Gaboon Mission, 251 — (British) Cameroons and Congo Mission, 184, 244 — (Scotch) Nyasaland Mission, 252 Basel Mission, 248 Bavarian (Roman Catholic) Mission, 249 Berlin Missionary Society, 249 British Roman Catholic Mission, 246 Church Missionary Society, 159, 242, 243, 248, 251, 316, 328, 378 Dutch Reformed Church Mission, 250 Edinburgh Missionary Society, 242, 250 Episcopal Methodist (American) Mission, 251 Established Church of Scotland Mission, 250 Free Church Mission (Scotch), 250 French Evangelical Missionary Society, 249 French Roman Catholic Missionary Society, 245 Glasgow Missionary Society, 242, 250 Jesuit missions (Zambezi), 246; (Madagascar), 247 London Missionary Society, 242, 247, 248, 284, 334, 430, 433 Moravian Protestant Mission, 242, 248, 249 North African Mission, 252 North German (Bremen) Mission, 249 Norwegian Mission, 251 Plymouth Brethren, 252 Primitive Methodist Society, 243 Rhenish Missionary Society, 249 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, 243 Society of Friends’ (Quaker) Mission, 247 Swedish Protestant Mission, 249 Swiss Calvinist Mission, 249 Swiss Protestant Mission, 248 United Presbyterian Mission, 250 Universities’ Mission, 251, 277, 327 Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society, 242, 243 White Fathers of the Sudan Mission, 245; (in Uganda), 377, 379 Zambezi Industrial Mission, 252

480Christianity, establishment of, 50

Christianity (in Kongo Kingdom), 86, 87, 239, 240; among negro races in general, 240, 449

Christians in North Africa, 62; Madagascar, Uganda, 378, 379

Chudeau, R. (explorer), 339

Chumi River, 256

Cinchona tree (Quinine), 96

Circassians, 19, 70, 71

Cis-Saharan Africa, 1

Clapperton, Hugh, 193, 194, 310, 311

Clarke, General, 136

Clarke, John (missionary), 244

Clarke, Sir Marshall, 282

Clarkson, 155

Claudius Ptolemaeus, 45, 299

Clozel, F. J., 334

Coco-nut palm, 92, 93, 110

Coelo-Syria, 55

Coffee and coffee cultivation, 75, 96, 110, 270, 279

Coillard, Rev. Mr, 249, 325

Colonial Office, 187, 261

Colonies, three classes of, in Africa, 443 et seq.

“Colony of the West African Settlements,” 175

“Colony of Upper Senegal and Niger,” 209

Colorado, 293

Colston, Col., 326

Colvile, Sir H., 380

Comber, Rev. Thos., 244, 329

“Comité d'Etudes du Haut Congo,” 343

Commerson, Philibert, 427

Comoro Islands, see Komoro

Compiègne, Marquis de, 324

Conference, Berlin, 189, 192, 219, 229, 231, 232

— Brussels, 232

Congo Christianity, 85 et seq., 239, 240

— Free State, 161, 192, 231, 278, 329, 343 et seq.

— river and basin, 5, 6, 9, 11, 15, 16, 20, 25, 74, 78, 80, 85, 87 et seq., 160, 193, 228 et seq., 244, 245, 251, 301, 308, 322, 324, 325, 329, 330, 332, 336, 342 et seq.

Congo Treaty of 1884, 277, 278

— French, see French Congo

Congoland, 5, 10, 12, 15, 16, 26, 85, 88, 94, 124, 161, 191, 227, 238 et seq., 316, 338 et seq.

“Conquistadores,” Portuguese, 77, 90, 91

Constantine, 214, 216, 218

Constantinople, 51, 69, 72, 212, 360

Constitution granted to Cape Colony, 258

Conventions, see under title of nationality or place

Convicts sent to Cape, 264

Cook, Captain, 304

Coomassie, see Kumasi

Copper, 96, 110, 273, 419

Coppolani, French Commissioner, 209

Copra, 110

Coptic Church, 253

— language, 70

Copts, 52, 53, 70, 367

Corisco Bay, 99, 121, 234

Cornet, Dr, 330

Coromanti, 124

Corsairs, see Pirates

Cortes, 153

Cortier, 338

Cosmoledo, 295

Cossack “Monks,” 395

Costa Cardoso, Candido de, 307

Cotton, 270, 279, 419

Cotton, Lieut. P. H. G. Powell, 340

Covilhão, Pero de, 82 et seq., 300, 424

Craig, General, 135, 136

Crampel, Paul, 230, 235, 333

Crimean War, 159, 219, 265, 266

Croats, 72

Cro-Magnon race, 4

Cromer, Lord, 361, 364, 368

Cromwell, 140

Cross, Dr, 328, 331

— River, 183, 184, 187, 250, 313, 338

481Crowther, Samuel (Bishop), 188, 243

Cuanhama, see Kuanyama

Cuba, 117, 120, 158, 159

Cunnington, Dr W. A., 340

Cybele, 39

Cyclades, 41

Cydames, 49

Cyprus, 33

Cyrene, Cyrenaïca, 16, 33, 40 et seq., 47, 53, 61, 161, 236 et seq., 298, 314, 317, 398, 443, 444

Cyrus, 43

Dagomba-Moshi, 180

Dahia-al-Kahina, Queen, 57, 58

Dahomé, 11, 12, 96 et seq., 154, 161, 176, 181, 182, 190, 205, 206, 208 et seq., 324

Daily Telegraph, the, 325

Dakar, 123, 198, 209, 210, 230, 234

Damara, 97, 417

Damaraland, 9, 249, 255, 274, 275, 317, 405, 418

Damascus, 60, 214

Dameirah, Cape, 397

Damerghu, 337

Damietta, 392

Danákil Coast, 17, 18, 84, 300, 393

Danes, see Denmark

Dar-al-Baida, 223

Dar-es-Salaam, 44, 414

Darfur, 19, 54, 62, 70, 194, 303, 323, 324, 327, 339, 363, 369, 402, 443

Dar Runga, 237, 324

Dar Sila, 237

Date-palms, 38, 41

Dauphin, Fort, 425 et seq.

Davidson, John, 314

De Beaufort, 200, 309

De Beers Diamond-mining Company, 284

Debono, Andrea, 319

Decken, Baron von der, 331, 404

Décle, Lionel, 340

Delafosse, Maurice, 338

Delagoa Bay, 93, 105, 110 et seq., 132, 134, 149, 274, 281, 308

Delcommune, Alexandre, 330

Delgado, Cape, 104, 110, 113, 409

Demerara, 137

De Mist, Commissioner-General, 137, 254, 255

Denham, Major D., 193, 195, 310

Denhardt brothers, 409

“Denis,” King, 228

Denmark abolishes slave-trade, 154, 157; withdraws from Gold Coast, 177

De Pass family, the, 146, 273

Dernah, 42

Dernburg, Herr, 413

Dervishes, 227, 337, 363, 395

De Séchelles, 295

Destenave, Col., 338

Dē tribe, 164

Devonshire merchants, 169

Dey of Algiers, 213

Dhanis, Baron, 330, 345, 346

Diamonds, Diamond Fields, 142, 146, 166, 268, 269, 272 et seq., 341, 419

Diaz de Novaes, Bartolomeu, 80, 81, 89, 125

— Diniz, 79

— Diogo, 85

— Paulo, 89, 90

Dickens and “Mrs Jellyby,” 313

Diego, Dom, 86

— Garcia, 295

— Suarez Bay, 429, 431, 437

Dieppe adventurers, 78, 80, 196 et seq.

Dikjeschop, 124

Dinar Bu’l-Muhajr, 57

Dingane, 281, 282

Dingiswayo, 140, 141, 281

Dinizulu, 282

Dinka people, 370

Diogenes, 44, 45

Dixcove, 124

Djur, R., 227

Dochard, Dr, 306

Dodds, General, 206

Dodo, the, 123

Dog, the, 39, 92

Domestic animals and plants of Africa, 92

Donaldson Smith, Dr, 335

482Dongola, 5, 15, 70, 72, 83, 365

Doornkop, 147

Doria, 119

Dorians, 41

Doutté, Edmond, 338

“Downing Street” doubts, drifts, and dallies, 141, 275

Draa, River, 32, 36, 37, 66, 299, 304

Dragut, 118

Dravidian races, 271

“Drifts” question, 287

Drury, Lieut., 371

Dual Control, the, 361, 362

Duala, 184, 244, 415

Dubreka, R., 408

Duck, the domestic, 92

Duckworth, W. L. H., 5, 7

Dufton, H., 317

Durban, 141, 261, 262, 272

D'Urban, Sir Benjamin, 259 et seq.

Dutch, the, 28, 77, 85, 93 et seq., 123 et seq., 157, 158, 177, 178, 197, 254, 257 et seq., 267 etc.

— half-castes, 124

— language, 139, 258, 276, 448

Duveyrier, 321, 322

Dwarf races, 43

Dybowski, M., 230, 333

Eannes, Gil, 78

Eannes, Gonçalvez, 300

East Africa, see British, German, etc.

East Africa, State of, 115

East India Company, British, 85, 111, 268, 374

— Austrian, 111

— Dutch, 125 et seq., 254, 306

— French, 426, 441

East Indies, 91, 111

Eastern Province of Cape Colony, 265, 267, 273

Ediya, 122

Edward VI, 169

Edward VII, 292

Egypt, 1, 5, 7, 13 et seq., 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 33, 37, 42, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51 et seq., 84, 102, 152, 187, 212, 235, 252, 326, 442

Egyptian Government, 320

Egyptians, Ancient, 13, 16 et seq., 22, 32, 33, 52, 53

— Modern, 446

Ekoi country, 338

Elamites, 3

El Arwan, 309

Elephant, African, 35, 39, 110, 270

Elgon, Mt, 19, 331, 335, 385

Elise Carthage, Fort, 124

Elizabeth, Queen, 169, 170

Elliott, Mr Scott, 334

Ellis, Mr (of Madagascar), 433, 434

Elmina, 80, 123, 124, 178, 196

Elphinstone, Admiral, 136

Elton, Captain Fred., 327

Embo, 270

Emden, 403

Emin Pasha, 315, 330, 332, 336, 344, 363

England, English, see Britain, British

— and Portugal, 98, 108, 113, 115, 168

English language, 122, 165, 167, 244, 258, 448, 449

Eratosthenes, 45, 298

Erhardt, 316

Eriksson, 327

Eritrea (Italy’s Red Sea Colony), 227, 396, 397

Errik, 76

Ethiopia, Ethiopians, 21, 43, 46, 52, 82 et seq., 226, 298, 372, 442

Euan-Smith, Sir Charles, 410

Euesperides, 42

Eunuchs, Negro, 152, 156, 159

Euphrates, 32, 60

Eurasians, 294

European population of Cape Colony in 1770, 132; in 1791, 135; in 1806, 255; in 1850, 264; in 1891, 291; in 1904, 291

Eusebius, 41

Evatt, Col. J., 380

Evora, Pero d', 300

Exeter Hall, 140

Explorers, Great, 297 et seq.

— fourteen greatest, list of, 315

Fadl-Allah, 193

483Faidherbe, General, 200, 201, 221

Faleme, R., 209

Falkenstein, 322

False Bay, 126, 135

Fang negroes, 122, 415

Fanti, 124, 176, 178

Farewell and King, Lieuts., 261

Farquhar, Sir Robert, 294, 429

Fas (Fez), 65

Fashoda, 204, 227, 336, 337, 365

Fatima, 60, 66, 69

Fatimites, 56, 60, 61, 71

Fazogl, 319

Federation of South Africa, 142, 143, 147, 280

Felkin, Dr R. W., 328

Ferdinand I, 76

Ferdinand and Isabella, 116

Ferguson, G. E., 333

Fernandez, João, 79, 300

Fernando Pô, Island, 121, 122, 183, 184, 243, 244, 324, 333

Fez, 59, 65, 67, 224

Fezzan (Phazania), 12, 15, 47, 56, 69, 70, 304, 310, 323, 398, 401, 443

Figig, 47, 222

Fiji, 3

Filali dynasty, 66 et seq.

Fingo Kafirs, 267

Finland, 293

Fischer (explorer), 331

Flacourt, Governor of Madagascar, 425

Flamand, G. B. M., 337

Flanders in Africa, 111

Flatters, Col., 221

Flegel, Herr, 190, 333

Flemish Colonists, 90

— missionaries, 88, 240

Flinders, Matthew, 295

Florida, 153

Fodi Kabba, 172

Fodio, Othman Dan, 194, 201

Fodi Silah, 172

Foreign Office, 405, 409

Forfeitt, Rev. W., 329

Fort Dauphin, 425 et seq.

Fort James, 170

Fort Salisbury, 285

Foucauld, Charles de, 336

Foule Point, 429, 431

Foureau, Mons. F., 221, 222, 236, 337

Fox-Bourne, Mr, 351

France, 4, 8, 50, 97, 106, 121, 132, 161, 166, 167, 171, 188, 191 et seq.

— and Abyssinia, 395

Francis I, 211

Franco-German war, 202, 215

François, Major von, 329

Frederic William I, 403

Freetown, 176

Fremantle, Admiral Sir E., 384

Fremona, 300

French, 28, 71, 72, 104, 105, 109, 118, 126, 133, 157, 158, 196 et seq., 294, 423 et seq.

— Congo, 172, 192, 221, 227, 228, 231, 233 et seq., 329, 336

— East India Company, 426

— Guinea, 10, 209

— language, 448, 449

— missionaries, 88, 94, 207, 228, 240, 278, 377 et seq.

— Nigeria, 201

— Revolution and its effects on Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, 135

— — and Egypt, 212

— rule of Egypt, 19

— settlers in Dutch South Africa, 129

— settlers in Algeria, 216

— Somaliland, 227

— West Africa, total area of, 211

— West India Company, 198

Frere, Sir Bartle, 143, 280 et seq., 375, 405

Frey, Col., 203

Frio, Cape, 99

Froude, Mr J. A., 280

Fūl people, 12

Fula race and Empire, 13, 16, 49, 53, 68, 151, 161, 170, 172, 190 et seq.

— speech, 11, 12

Fulde speech, 12

Funj Empire, 62, 72

Further India, 3

484Futa Toro, Futa Jallon, 201 et seq.

“Fuzzie-wuzzies,” 17, 52

Gaboon, 36, 99, 172, 184, 205, 228 et seq., 251, 324

Gades, 32

Gafsa, 50, 53

Gaghu, Gao, 68

Gaika clan, 266, 267

Galas, Galaland, 13, 16 et seq., 19, 21, 22, 45, 51, 151, 161, 245, 249, 334, 335, 338, 339, 386

Galeka clan, 260, 266, 267

Galiber, Admiral, 437

Galicia, 76

Galley-Hill man, 2 et seq., 17

Galliéni, Col., 202, 439

Gallwey, Sir H. L., 186

Galton, Mr Francis, 317

Gama, Christoforo da, 84

Gambetta, 189, 362

Gambia, R., 12, 36, 79, 98, 154, 169 et seq., 200, 201, 206, 229, 302, 304, 305, 309

Gamitto, Capt., 307

Gamtoos River, 131

Gao, 202

Garama, 47, 48

Garamantes, 47, 54

Gardiner, Capt. Allen, 261

Garstin, Sir W., 371

Gautier, E. F., 35, 337 et seq.

Gaza, 114

Gedge, Ernest, 335

Genoa, Genoese, 62, 78, 85, 153, 211, 390

Gentil, M. Emil., 230, 235, 334

Ger, R., 47

German Colonial Society, 405, 406, 410

— East Africa, 9, 10, 21, 44, 245, 249, 252, 291, 335, 336

— East African Association, 410

— South Africa, 95

— South-West Africa, 7, 273, 276, 336

— South-West Africa Company, 417

— missionaries, 242, 275, 404, 405

Germany, Germans, 59, 71, 72, 77, 109, 113, 145, 146, 161, 166, 184, 190 et seq., 216, 223 et seq., 265, 266, 275, 276, 278, 399, 403 et seq.

Gessi Pasha, 302, 326, 362

Getulians, 53

Ghadames, 49, 308, 323, 398

Ghana, 14

Ghat, 37, 310, 321, 327, 398

Gibbons, Major A. St H., 339

Gibraltar, 2, 32, 33, 58, 146, 195

Ginger, 92

Gir, R., 47, 49

Giraffe, the, 130, 306

Giraud, Lieut., 330

Gladstone, Mr, 282, 286, 393, 406, 437

Glenelg, Lord, 260, 261, 263

Glover, Sir John, 178

Goa, 103, 104, 109, 271; Goanese, 307

Goats, 75

Goetzen, Count, 334

Gold, 14, 24, 26, 79, 96, 100, 101, 103, 132, 145, 166, 180, 199, 283, 341

— Coast, 11, 14, 79, 80, 98, 124, 125, 128, 154, 169, 175 et seq., 196, 205, 248, 325, 333, 403

Goldie, Sir George Taubman, 189, 192, 208

Goldsmid, Sir Frederick, 344

Golea, 221

Goletta, 66, 118, 119, 219

Gomba, 208

Gomez, Diego, 79

Gonçalo de Silveira, 101, 241

Gondar, 303

Gondokoro, 319, 320, 371

Gongo Lutete, 345

Gonsalvez, Antonio, 78

Gordon College, 370

— General, 326, 362, 363

— Capt. R. J., 131, 306

Goree, 123, 198, 200, 305

Gorilla, the, 5, 6, 17, 36, 121, 228, 324

Goro, 385

Gorst, Sir J., 367

485Gouraud, Col., 209

Gova, Francisco de, 87

Graaf Reinet, 131

— Van de, 131

Graça, 316

Grahamstown, 256

Grain Coast, 164, 165, 169

Granada, 65, 66, 116

Grand Basa, 164

— Bassam, 172, 205

— Canary, 117

Grandidier, Dr A., 337, 440

Grandy, Lieut., 322

Grant, Col. J. A., 315, 318 et seq.

— Sir C., 260

Granville, Lord, 277, 405, 406, 436

“Granvilles,” 174

Gray, Major, 306

Great Britain, see Britain, England

— Fish River, 81, 131, 132, 134, 135, 255 et seq.

— Lakes region, 12

Greece, 41

Greek Church, 253

— language, 70

Greeks, 19, 41, 42, 44, 46, 53, 57, 70 et seq.

Green (explorer), 317

Greenville, 164

Gregory, Dr J. W., 335

— the Patrician, 56

Grenfell, Lord, 365

Grenfell, Rev. George, 229, 244, 315, 325, 329, 333

Grenna, 42

Gretsyl, 403

Grey, Sir George, 141, 142, 265, 267, 280, 293

Grikwaland East, 263

— West, 269

Grikwas, Grikwaland, 142, 146, 269

Grogan, E., 340

Groot Fontein, 420

Grossfriedrichsburg, 403

Ground-nuts (Arachis), 109, 110, 171

Guadalquivir, R., 32

Guanches, 117

Guano, 146, 273, 275, 420

Guardafui, Cape, 397

Guavas, 92

Guiana, 124

Guinea, 79, 80, 86, 92, 94, 123, 124, 153, 197, 199

— Gulf of, 78, 81, 194 et seq., 323, 391

Gungunyama, 114

Gurara, 222

Gurley, Rev. Robert, 164

Habesh, 84

Hadhramaut, 73

Hafs dynasty of Tunis, 64, 118

Haiderān, 61

Hajji 'Omaru, Al, 200 et seq.

Halawi tribe, 370

Halikarnassos, 42

Hall (Acting-Commissioner), 430

Hamadi dynasty of Tunis, 64

Hamed bin Muhammad bin Juma, 344

Hamid bin Thwain, 382

Hamilton, Mr James, 317

Hamite race, 7 et seq., 18, 19, 21, 22, 48, 52, 72, 194, 230, 386, 447

Hamitic languages, 10, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 46, 70

Hampden, Mt, 23

Hanlon, Bishop, 379

Hannibal, 38

Hannington, Bishop, 378

Hanno’s voyage, 35, 36, 173, 298

Hanse towns (Hamburg), 314, 404

Haqsu, 22

Hardinge, Sir A., 383, 385

Haricot beans, 92

Harrar, 22, 227, 334, 372

Harris, Sir D., 146, 274

— Sir W. C., 307, 317, 336

Harrison (explorer), 302

Hartzell, Bishop, 252

Harun-al-Rashid, 59

Hassan-bin-Kassim, 67

Hassan-bin-Numan, 57, 58

Hastie, Mr, 430

Hausa, the, 10, 13 et seq., 178, 179, 191 et seq., 421; land, 48, 70, 160, 193 et seq., 222, 306, 315; 486language, 448, 449

Hawai, 3, 428

Hawkins, Sir John, 153, 169, 173

Haywood, Capt. A. H., 338

Hebrew language, 40

Hedjaz, the, 318

Hekataios, 43

Helena, St, Id. of, 85, 92, 99, 125 et seq., 267, 268, 282

Heliopolis, 60

Henderson, Lieut., 204

Henric of Besançon, 76, 77

Henrique, Cardinal, 88, 93

— Dom, 86

Henry the Navigator, Prince, 65, 78, 79, 168

Heraclius, 53

Hercules, 39

— Straits of, 35

Herero, Ova-, the, 97, 134, 255, 274, 416 et seq.

Hernandez, 153

Herodotos, 33, 34, 42, 49, 297, 298

Heuglin, Theodor von, 320

Hewett, Mr E. H., 184, 408

Hicks Pasha, 363, 365

Hides, 146

High Commissioner of South Africa, 148, 269, 280, 284, 288

Hikushahu (Hyksos), 22

Hima, 12, 16

Himyarites, 22, 73

Hinde, Capt. S. L., 330, 345, 349

Hintsa, Chief, 260

Hippo, 38

Hippo-Diarrhytos, 38

Hippon-Zaryt, 38

Hippopotamus, 30, 49, 101, 166, 392, 440

Hispaniola, 153

Hlubi, 273

Hobley, C. W., 335

Hodgson, Sir F. and Lady, 179

Hodister, 344

Hodister, A., 330

Hofmeyr, Mr J. H., 276

Höhnel, Lieut., 331, 387

Holland, see Dutch; also 262

Holub, Dr, 330

Homo primigenius, 2

— sapiens, 2

Hooker, Sir Joseph, 324

Hop, Capt., 306

Hore, Capt, 334

Hornemann, Friedrich, 304

Horse, the, 39, 48, 75, 92

“Horseshoe arch,” 74

Hostains, M., 337

Hottentots, 7 et seq., 95, 126, 128, 130, 131, 134, 136, 139, 142, 232, 241, 242, 249, 255, 257 et seq., 291, 416 et seq.

Houghton, Major, 304

Hourst, Lieut., 208

Hovas, the, 27, 31, 247, 248, 428 et seq.

Huara, 53

Huguenots, 129, 241

Humt Suk, 119

Hunein, 66, 117

Hussein bin ’Ali, 218

Husseinite Beys of Tunis, 218

Hutter, F., 338

Hutton, Mr James, 409

Ibadite sect, 73

Iberia, 37, 65

Iberian race, 76

Ibn Batuta, 299

Ibn Errik, 76

Ibn Haukal, 299

Ibn Tumert, 64

Ibn Yaṣin, 63

Ibo, 109, 110, 185, 187

Ibos, the, 312

Ibrahim, 360

Ibrahim-bin-Aghlab, 59

Ibrahim, Lake, 326

Idda, 187

Idris, 58

Idris II, 59

Idris or Edrisi (geographer), 299

Ifni, 120

Ifriqiah, 56, 59

Ijō, 312

Ikopa, R. (Madagascar), 438

Ikshids, 71

Île de France, 294, 440

487Ilhas dos Idolos, 210

Illórin, 193

Ilo, 208

Imam of Maskat, 73, 104, 374, 383, 384

Imbangola, 87

Imérina, 31, 428, 429

Impoina, 429

India, 3, 4, 22, 24, 26, 28, 29, 44, 75, 82, 91 et seq., 100, 101, 103, 152, 156, 158, 300

Indian architecture, 74

— fig, 93

— Ocean, 12, 19, 28, 31, 102, 126

Indians in Africa, 29, 105, 109, 447; in Natal, 271, 272; Mauritius, 294

India-rubber, 110, 166, 279, 348, 350

Indo-China, 28

Indonesians, 28

Inhambane, 34, 114, 115

Innocent X, Pope, 392

Insalah, 222

Insuma, 124

International Association for the Exploration and Civilization of Central Africa, 342, 343, 404

Inverarity, Mr, 429

Ionian Islands, 41

Ireland, 4, 25

Irish, 72

Irish settlers, 257

Isandhlwana, 282

Isangila, 308

Ishak-bin-Sokya, 67, 68

Islam (Muhammadanism), 4, 14, 25, 30, 39, 56, 58, 63, 70 et seq., 117, 152, 202, 237, 238, 240, 241

Islands in Indian Ocean belonging to British, 295

Isle of Man, 293

Isleños, 117

Isles de Los, 408

Ismail, 219, 360, 361, 401

Italian language, 216, 393, 448

— missionaries, 88, 94, 240, 241, 392, 393

Italians, Italy, 4, 38, 42, 49, 50, 62, 71, 72, 74, 78, 116, 161, 196, 216, 219, 238, 245, 390 et seq.

Ivens, Roberto, 325

Ivory, 79, 110, 187, 270, 274, 279, 348, 350

— Coast, 203 et seq., 337

Jackfruit, 92

Jackson, Col. I., 338

— F. G., 380, 387

— F. J. (Sir), 335

Jacobite Church, 52

Jacobs, Hon. Simeon, 146, 274

Jacquin, Capt., 205

Jafarabad, 153

Jaga, Jagga, the, 87, 88, 301

Jaghbub, 236

Jaja, King, 185

Jamaica, 154, 158, 174

James bros. (explorers), 334

Jameson, Dr (Sir Starr), 147, 148, 285, 286, 289

Janjira, 153

Jannequin de Rochefort, 197, 198, 302

Janssen, Camille, 344

Janssens, Governor, 137, 254, 255

Japanese, 291

Jauhar-al-Kaid, 60, 71

Java, 27, 28, 31, 126, 427

Jazirat-al-Komr, 423

Jean René, 430

Jenné, 14, 202, 204, 206, 300

Jentinck’s duiker, 166

Jerba, Is. of, 39, 41, 56, 66, 119

Jerma, 47

Jesuits, 84, 88, 101, 105, 106, 239, 240, 246, 247, 300, 301, 434, 435

Jewish Territorial Organization Committee, 388

Jews, the, 32, 40, 42, 50, 53, 58, 59, 72, 81, 145, 146, 215, 217, 218, 273, 274

Jibl-al-Tarik, 58

Jibuti, 227, 337

Jilolo, 3

Jinga, 87

Jinga Bandi, 93

Joal, 198

João I, Dom, 78

488João II, 81, 82

João, King of Portugal, 86

Jobson, Capt. Richard, 170, 302

Johannesburg, 145, 147, 148, 294

John of Abyssinia, King, 394, 395

John of Gaunt, 78, 168

Johnson, Elijah, 164

Johnston, H. H., see Author

— Keith, 328

Johnstone, Commodore, 133

— Commander, 436, 437

Jok, 87

Jolofs, 12

Jorāwa, 57

José, Amaro, 307

Joseph of Lamego, 81, 82

Jouffre, Col., 207

Jub, or Juba, River, 21, 383, 385, 386, 397, 398

Jubi, Cape, 120, 121

Judaism amongst Berbers, 58

Juder Basha, 68

Jühlke, Dr, 408

Julian, Count, 57, 58

Julius Maternus, 48

Jully, M. A., 440

Junker, Dr William, 332

Kaarta, 200, 203, 204, 304, 309

Kabail, 215

Kabaka, the, of Buganda, 379, 381

Kabara, 203, 206, 207

Kabarega, 380

Kabinda, 89, 97

Kafa, 21

Kaffa, 226

Kaffraria, 243, 260, 266, 267

Kafir Wars, 135, 136, 256, 259, 260, 263, 267

Kafirs, 10, 130, 134, 135, 140, 141, 255 et seq., 281, 294

Kafue, R., 106, 330

Kagera, R., 336, 340

Kahina, Queen Dahia-al-, 57, 58

Kairwan, 57, 60, 61, 65

Kalahari desert, 276, 325, 419

Kamasi, 380

Kambujiya, 43

Kamerun, see Cameroons

Kandt, Dr R., 340

Kanem, 48, 54, 194, 237, 238, 402, 443

Kanemi Sheikhs, 193, 194

Kankan, 210

Kano, 187, 193, 194, 310, 311, 323

Kanuri people and language (Bornu), 15, 191

Karamania, 118

Karamanli dynasty, 310, 400

Karanga, 134

Kareli, 260

Karema, 342

Karoo, 272

Kart-hadshat, 32

Kasai, R., 95, 97, 301, 329, 339

Kasalá, 365, 395

Kashgil, 363

Kasongo, 344, 345

Kasr-al-Kabīr (Morocco), 66 et seq., 77, 78, 120

Kasr-es-Said, treaty of, 220

Kasson, 302

Katanga, 96, 97, 272, 330, 332, 339, 346, 357, 444

Kathiawar, 153

Kavala, 248

Kavirondo, 19, 387

Kayès, 210

Kazembe, 105, 307

Keetmanshoop, 420

Kei, R., 134, 135, 259, 260, 263, 267

Keiskamma, R., 256, 257, 259

Keith, Dr A., 5

— Lord, 429

Kenya, Mt, 316, 331, 335

Kerckhoven, L. van, 330

Keren, 394

Kerne, 36, 37, 79

Kersten, Otto, 404

Ketama, 60

Khaireddin Barbarossa, 118

Khalifs of Baghdad, 58, 59, 67, 69 et seq.

Khariji, sect of Islam, 56, 59, 73

Khartum, 46, 319, 363, 364

Khedives of Egypt, 72, 360

Khmirs, 220

Khojas (Indians), 271

Kiezelbach, 320

489Kikuyu, 383, 385

Kilima-njaro, 44, 316, 330, 331, 335, 376, 404, 409, 410, 414

Kilimatinde, 414

Kilindini, 387

Kilwa (East Africa), 73, 83, 100, 103, 413

Kimberley, 146, 268, 272, 273, 283

Kimberley, Lord, 275

Kimo, 29

King, W. Harding, 339

Kiokwe, Ba-, 87

Kipling, Rudyard, 17

Kir, 46

Kirby, Capt. Brandon, 333

Kirk, Sir John, 321, 374 et seq., 410

Kisches, the, 274

Kisi, 175

Kismayu, 386

Kitchener, Lord, 227, 288, 289, 337, 365, 367, 369

Kivu, Lake, 334, 340

Kleber, 212

Klobb, Lieut.-Col., 222

Knoblecher, Dr, 319

Koelle, Rev. Dr S. W., 159, 243

Kollmann, Capt. Paul, 336

Komadugu, R., 315

Komatipoort, 149

Komoro Islands, 22, 27, 29, 30, 73, 423, 427, 428, 437, 441

Konakri, 209, 210

Kong, 204

Kongo, Kingdom of, 85 et seq., 228, 392

Konkan, 153

Koran, the, 74

Kordofan, 10, 11, 19, 54, 70, 237, 245, 323, 324

Kormantyn, 124, 176, 196

Kosoko, 181

Kosseir, 18

Kotonu, 210

Krapf, Dr Ludwig, 242, 243, 316, 331

Krause, G. A., 333

Kroumirs, the, 220

Kru, 165

Kruboys, 151, 174, 205

Kruger, President, 149, 286 et seq.

Kuanyama, 97

Kubango, R., 420

Kufra, 237, 323

Kukawa, 315

Kulikoro, 210

Kulis, 271, 294

Kumasi, 176, 178, 179

Kund, Lieut., 332

Kunene, R., 95, 97, 330, 420, 444

Kurds, 71, 72

Kurene, 41, 42, 46, 298

Kuros, 53

Kuseila, the Berber prince, 57

Kushite type, 20, 21

Kwa, 348

Kwando, R., 420

Kwango, R., 87, 95, 301, 307, 325, 329, 339

Kwanza, R., 89 et seq.

Kwilu, 339

Kwo-ibo, 182

Laborde, M., 431 et seq.

La Calle, 211

“La Case,” 425

Lacerda e Almeida, Dr F. J. M. de, 105, 106, 307

Lado, 346, 370

Ladysmith, 288

Lagos, 99, 175, 180 et seq., 205, 242, 311, 323, 407

Laing, Major, 308, 310

Laird, MacGregor, 188

Laka country, 234

La Mar Chica, 224

Lambert, Capt., 197

— M., 433, 434

Lamego, 81

La Mine d'Or, 80, 196

Lamta, Lemtuna, 63, 68

Lamu, 26, 73, 83, 100, 101, 384

Lamy, Commandant, 221, 222, 236

Lander, Richard and John, 188, 311 et seq.

Landor, A. Savage, 340

Langalibalele, 273

Lang’s Nek, 143

La Perrone, 338

Last, J. T., 243

Latin, 50, 76

490Lavigerie, Cardinal, 245, 246, 377

Lebanon, 33

Lebda, 37

Le Fébvre, Théophile, 317

Leibnitz, 212

Lemon, the, 91

Lemur, the, 427, 440

Lemuria, 4, footnote

Lenfant, Capt. E., 338, 339

Lentils, 92

Lenz, Dr Oskar, 324, 330

Leo Africanus, 299, 391

Leo X, Pope, 391

Leo XIII, Pope, 245

Leon, 76

Leon, Pedro, 84

Leonora, Queen of Portugal, 86

Leopold II, King, 192, 231, 233, 342, 346 et seq.

Leopold, Lake, 329

Léopoldville, 347

Leptis, 37, 53

Lescallier, Mons., 429

Lesseps, F. de, 361

Le Vaillant, 309

Levant, 65

Levantine Italians, 392, 393

Libenge, 234

Liberia, 10, 36, 79, 93, 99, 122, 158, 163 et seq., 196, 203 et seq., 250, 251, 262, 298, 328, 337, 338, 442, 443

Libreville, 228

Libyan Desert, 48, 54, 70, 75, 237, 303, 323, 338, 339, 402

Libyan tongue, 21, 53, 54

Libyans, 12, 13, 16, 18, 21, 22, 42, 48, 49, 53, 54

Likoma, Bishop of, 252

Lilienfelds, 146, 274

Lime, the, 75, 91

Limpopo, R., 7, 283, 307, 308

Linant, Adolphe, 319

Linant de Bellefonds, 326

Lingam, the, 24

Lipperts, 146

Lisbon, 77, 83, 84, 86, 90, 101, 109, 168

Lithgow, William, 301

Little Dieppe, 196

Little Paris, 196

Liverpool, 157, 231

“Liverpool of West Africa,” 181

Livingstone, Dr, 95, 106 et seq., 160, 246, 250, 251, 276 et seq., 315, 317, 321, 322, 325

Lixus, R. (the R. Draa), 32, 36

Loanda, São Paulo de, 90, 93

Loango, 94, 228, 230 et seq., 301, 322, 336

Lobengula, 283 et seq.

Lobito Bay, 96, 97, 339

Lobo, Jeronimo, 84, 300, 301

Loesche, Pechuel, 322

Loge, R., 89

Logone, 14

Logwek, Mount, 319

Lokoja, 188

Lom, R., 332

Lomami, R., 97, 329, 345

Lome, 421, 422

London Convention, 144, 145

— Company of Adventurers, 169, 301, 302

“Long juju,” 187

Lonsdale, Capt. R. L., 333

Lopes, Duarte, 88, 92, 93

Lorraine frontier, 235

Los, Isles de, 210

Lothaire, Major, 347, 378

Lotos, Lotos Eaters, 38, 41, 56

Louis Napoleon, see Napoleon

— IX (Saint) of France, 65

— XIV of France, 129, 211, 226, 359, 425

— Philippe, 205, 228

Louisiana, 216

Lourenço Marquez, 105, 110 et seq., 149

Lovedale, 250

“Lower Guinea,” 228

Luabo, 102

Lualaba, 322, 325, 330, 345

Luangwa, R., 108, 334

Luapula, R., 105, 322, 334

Luata, 53

Lucas, Sir Charles, 125

Ludamar, 304

Luderitz Bay, 419

Luderitzhafen, 420

491Lüderitz, Herr, 406

Lugard, General Sir Frederick, 193, 208, 285, 378

Lugh, 398

Lukkus, R., 77

Lukolela, 234

Luluabourg, 346

Lulongo, R., 329

Lunda, 87, 94, 105

Lupton Bey, 326

Lurio, R., 109, 110

Lusambo, 345

Lusitania, 77

Lydzaamheid, 132

Lyon, Capt. G., 310

Lyons Missionaries, 244, 245

Maba, 161, 237

Macarthy, Sir Charles, 177

Macdonald, Col. Sir J. R. L., 335, 381

Macdonald, Sir Claude, 186

Macedonia, Macedonians, 19, 37, 43

Macgregor Laird, James, 313

Macguire, Corporal, 315

Mackenzie, Bishop, 251

— Sir G., 377

Mackinder, H., 335

Mackinnon, Sir Wm., 375

Maclean, Charles, 177

Macmahon, Marshal: his Delagoa Bay award, 111, 112, 274

Madagascar, 4, 22, 24, 26 et seq., 44, 51, 73, 74, 82, 84, 85, 93, 100, 104, 109, 126, 128, 225, 235, 247, 248, 251, 294 et seq., 308, 337, 423 et seq.

Madan, Mr, 252

Madeira, 85, 91, 116

Mad Mullah, the, 372, 373

Mafeking, 286

Magdishu, 83, 100, 398

Mage, Lieut. E., 201

Magwangwara, 413

Magyar, Ladislas, 316

Mahdi (Sudan), 237, 245, 327, 363 et seq.; Mahdis frequently arising in Islam, 60, 63, 64

Mahdia, 60

Mahé, 295

Maherero, Samuel, 417, 418

Mahmud Basha, 68

Mahrab (Sacred Shrine), 39, 55, 74

Maistre, Lieut. C., 230, 334

Maize, 91, 92, 279

Majerda, R., 32, 33, 38

Majorca, Majorcans, 62, 78

Majuba Hill, 143

Makana, 256

Makhzen, 224

Makka, 54

Makololo, the, 108

Makoma, 259

Makua, the, 103, 105, 114, 132

Malacca, 91

Malachite, 110

Malagasy people, 27, 29, 30, 294, 295, 425, 428 et seq.

Malata, 426

Malay Peninsula, 3

— races, 27 et seq., 255, 258, 259, 291, 427, 428

Malaysia, 3, 28, 128, 428

Maldiv archipelago, 28, 29, 428

“Malik,” 71

Malindi, 26, 82, 83, 100, 300, 383, 384

Malta, 40, 62

— Knights of, 66, 69

Maltese, 40, 119, 216, 319, 448

Mamluks, 59, 71, 72, 212, 360

Mañanja, 106

Mañbettu, 12, 16, 326

Mandara, 194, 195, 376

Mandingoes, 10, 13, 14, 51, 151, 161, 170, 172, 203 et seq.

Manenguba, 415

Manika, 100, 101, 105

Manioc, 91, 92

Mannesmann, firm of, 224

Manoel, King, 424

Manputo, 92

Mantumba, Lake, 329

Manutia-Alphil, 423

Manyema, 160, 322, 345, 346

Maples (Archdeacon, then Bishop), Chauncey, 252, 327

Marabut, Marabitin (Almoravides), 62, 63, 68

Maravi, Lake, 276, 307

492Marchand, Capt. J. B., 204, 227, 336, 337, 365

Mare, Uso di, 79

Maria Theresa, 111

Marie of Madagascar, St, 426, 430, 431

Marinel, Georges le, 330

— Paul le, 330

Marinus of Tyre, 45, 47, 299

Marka, 398

Marks, Senator S., 146

Marno, 326

Maroons, 174

Marrakesh, 67

Marseilles, 41, 110, 172

Martin V, Pope, 79

Martyn, Lieut., 306

Maryland, 164, 165

Mary, Queen, 169

Masai, 21, 331, 381, 385

Masawa, 83, 84, 226, 301, 303, 394

Mascarene archipelago, 28, 84, 123, 271, 296, 440

Mascarenhas, 84, 123

Mashonaland, 26, 113, 247, 285, 327

Masina, 202, 203, 309

Maskara, 214

Maskat, 73, 83, 104, 160, 374, 383, 384

— Arabs, 73

Masmuda, 64

Mason Bey, 320, 326

Massaia, Monsignor, 245

Massalit Arabs, 237

Massari, Lieut. A. M., 323

Massowah, see Masawa

Masudi, 299

Matadi, 347

Matebele, -land, 26, 113, 160, 267, 276, 285

Matmata country, 38

Matopo hills, 285

Matteucci, Dr, 323

Matthews, Major G. E., 371

Mauch, Karl, 283, 327

Maud, Capt. P., 339

Mauretania, 5, 16, 32, 35, 39, 43, 46, 57, 61, 72, 209

Mauritius, 28, 31, 85, 123, 126, 127, 132, 271, 294 et seq., 318, 429, 440, 441

Mauro, Fra, 423

Mayo, Earl of, 330

Mayotta, 432, 437

Mazagan, 78

Mazrui Arabs, 383, 384

Mbam, R., 332

Mbomu, 230, 235, 327, 346

McClear, Sir Thomas, 317

McMurdo, Col. E., 149

McQueen, James, and the Niger, 312

Mecca, 54, 55, 63, 67, 82, 202, 236

Mechow, Major von, 329

Medina, 54, 67, 82, 172, 201, 202

Medina-Cœli, Duke de, 119

Mediterranean colonization of Africa, 32 et seq.

— man, 22

— Sea, 79, 91, 118, 146, 195, 299

Mehdia, 60, 390

Mehedia, 118

Meilleraye, Duc de la, 425

Melanesians, 31

Melilla, 66, 67, 117, 119, 120, 224

Melland, Frank, 339, 340

Mello, Duarte de, 83, 100

Memphis, 60

Mendelssohns, 146, 274

Mendi, 174, 175

Menelik, Emperor, 395, 396

Meninx (Jerba), 38, 56

Menoutheseas, 423

Menouthias, 44, 423

Merina, 428

Meroe (Merawi), 46, 51

Mesopotamia, 17, 69, 70, 74

Mesurado, Cape, 164

Mexico, 139, 153

Meyer, Dr Hans, 335

Mfumbiro, 334

Miani, Giovanni, 319

Middle men of W. African trade, 185

Mikindani, 300

Milk (Moloch), 38

Millet, M. René, 220

Milner, Sir Alfred (Viscount), 288, 289

Minaean kingdom, 22

Missionaries, Christian, 51, 88, 108; 493(attitude towards Cape Dutch), 139, 140, 257; summing-up of their characteristics, 253

Missions, Christian, 239 et seq.; see Christian

Mizon, Lieut., 190, 191

Mnyamwezi, 346

Moςambique, 8, 26, 29, 73, 82, 83, 94, 99, 100, 102 et seq., 123, 128, 132, 258, 327, 338

— Co., 114

Moffat, Rev. R., 307

Mogods, 2

Mohade, A1-, see Muāḥadim

Mohair, 146

“Mohocks,” the, 198

Mohr, Edward, 327

Moir, John and Frederick, 284

Mojanga, 429, 436, 438

Mokha, 44

Mollien, Gaspard, 200, 309

Mombasa, 24, 26, 73, 83, 100, 102, 104, 242, 300, 316, 331, 335, 363, 374, 384, 387

Monastir, 117, 119

Monclaros (the Jesuit priest), 101, 102

Mongalla, 330

Mongase, 102

Mongoloids, 4, 17

Mongols, 71

Monomotapa, 23, 100 et seq., 241

Monophysite Church, 52

Monouthis, 423

Monrovia, 164, 404

Monteil, Col. P. L., 204, 333

Monteiro, Joachim Monteiro, Major, 307

Moore, J. E., 334

Moorish conquests in Nigeria, 14

Moors, geographical enterprise of the, 300

Moravians, 242

Moravide, see Marabut

Mordokhai Abi-Serūr, 35, 316

Morel, E. D., 234, 355, 356

Morenga, 418

Moret, 338

Morgen (explorer), Lieut., 332

Morland, Colonel T. L. N., 193

Morocco (Mauretania), 5, 12, 16, 32 et seq., 47, 49, 50, 53, 56 et seq., 77, 116, 119 et seq., 152, 159, 169, 176, 195, 197, 200, 208, 214, 216, 217, 223 et seq., 252, 253, 299, 323, 336, 442, 444

— Spanish possessions in, 121, 122, 442

Moselekatse, see Umsilikazi

Mosely, Prof. A., 146

Moselys, 274

Mosenthals, the, 146, 274

Mosi, 10, 325

Mosi-Gurunsi speech, 12

Moslems, 59, 202

Mossamedes, 9, 94, 95

Mossel Bay, 81

Mostaganem, 236

Mosto, Ca' da, 79

Motawakkil, 69

Mount, Cape, 164

Mountains of the Moon, 45

Mouzinho de Albuquerque, 114

Mpongwe, 228

Mpozo, R., 80

Msambiji, 100

Msidi, 346

Msilikazi, 143

Mtesa, King, 377

Muāḥadim (Almohade), 64

Mubangi, 6, 10, 15, 229, 230, 234 et seq., 244, 326, 329, 336, 338, 415

Mubarak, 384, 385

Mubuku, 334

Mueller, Dr Hans, 329

Muhammad Ahmad, 363

Muhammad-al-Amin-al-Kanemi, 193, 194

Muhammad Ali, 72, 195, 245, 319, 359, 360, 392, 400

Muhammad-al-Mahdi, 66

Muhammadan colonization, 74

Muhammadanism, see Islam

Muhammadans, 55, 56, 63, 65, 67, 240, 252

Muhammad bin Abdallah, 372, 373

Muhammad-bin-Ali, 236

Muhammad Granye, 84

Muhammad ibn Abd-al-Wahhab, 73

Muhammad Sharif, 236

494Muhammad (the Praiser), 54 et seq., 59, 60, 66

Muhibidi, 100

Mu’izz-li-din-Allah, 60, 71

Mulai Abd-al-Malek, 66

Mulai Hafid, 223, 224

Mulai Ismail of Morocco, 68

Mulattoes, 163 et seq.

Muluba, 10

Muluya, R., 119, 120, 223

Muni, R., 121

Munyamwezi, 10

Munzinger, 320

Murie, Dr, 320

Murray, Mungo, 317

Murzuk, 49, 323

Musa, 93

Musa-bin-Nusseir, 58

Musambiki, 100

Musgu speech, 14

Musha Island, 372

Musk duck, 92

Muza, 44

Mwanga, King, 378 et seq.

Mwata Yanvo, 94, 316, 322, 327

Mwene-mutapa, 101

Mweru, Lake, 105, 278, 307, 322, 327, 334

Mzab Berbers, 53, 56

Nabataean kingdom, 52

Naber, Capt., 338

Nachtigal, Dr, 184, 315, 323, 324, 407, 408

Naivasha, Lake, 331

Namakwaland, 128, 243, 255, 275, 276, 306, 404, 405

Namuli, 110

Nana, 186

Nantes, Edict of, 129

Napata, 46

Napier, General, 262

Naples, Neapolitans, 62, 65, 213, 214, 390

Napoleon the Great, 99, 157, 212, 268, 349

— III, 205, 214, 215, 217, 218, 361, 433

Napoleonic wars, 137, 163, 171, 200, 228, 314, 441

Nassau, Fort, 124

Natal, 82, 140 et seq., 261, 262, 269, 270, 273, 281 et seq., 404

— Bay of, 128

National African Company, 189

“Native Question,” the, 293

Nature, her pranks, 256

Naukratis, 42

Navarre, 116

Neanderthal species, 2

Necho, Pharaoh, 33

Nefusa, 53, 56

Negrito tribes, 3

Negro, the, characteristics of, 151, 152, 271; warning to, 162; Christian, 239, 240; Muhammadan, 240; future of, 446 et seq.

Negroes, 2 et seq., 18, 29, 45, 48, 51, 68, 74, 80, 122, 124, 151 et seq., 230, 255, 258, 259, 291

Negroid races (Nubians, Fulas, Mandingoes, etc.), 13 et seq., 22, 48, 51, 54, 230, 446

Nejd, 73

Nelson, 117, 212

Nepoko, R., 332

Nero, 46, 298

Netherlands Railway, 287

Neumann, O., 339

Neumann, Sir S., 146

Neumanns, 274

New, Mr Chas., 331

New Caledonia, 3, 205

— Guinea, 3, 75

— Mexico, 153

— Zealand, 3, 205, 293

New York Herald, 322, 325

Ngami, Lake, 274, 307, 317

Ngaundéré, 333

Nguru, 409

Nicholas I, Tsar, 360

Niéger, 338

Niger, Convention with France, 182, 190

— Coast Protectorate, 186, 187, 189

— Company, Royal, 187, 189 et seq., 208, 231, 232

— R., 8, 11 et seq., 19, 20, 43, 47 et seq., 62, 63, 67, 68, 70, 74, 79, 159, 172, 182, 184, 187 et seq., 299, 304, 305, 308, 311 et seq.

495Niger Delta, 79, 99, 154, 182, 183, 185, 187, 242, 331

Nigeria, 10, 12 et seq., 43, 63, 67, 75, 152, 161, 171, 179, 184, 185, 194, 227, 250, 339, 443

Nikki, 208

Niku II, Pharaoh, 33, 34, 42, 297

Nile, the, 5, 11, 17 et seq., 21, 22, 33, 42 et seq., 60 et seq., 84, 227, 230, 245, 298 et seq., 318 et seq.

Nilotic speech-group, 10, 21

Nogal, 398

Normans, 62, 78, 80, 85, 196 et seq.

North African Mission, 252

Northcott, Col. H. P., 333

“Northern Nigeria,” 192, 193

Northern Rhodesia, 278, 279, 291, 292, 331

Norway, 293

Nosi Komba, 432

— Mitsiu, 432

Nosi-bé, 432, 436

Nova Scotia, 174

Nubia, Nubians, 5, 15, 17 et seq., 52, 70, 72, 74, 298, 303, 326

Numidia, 46, 47

Nun, Cape, 120

Nunez, R., 200

Nupe, 10, 12, 161, 191 et seq., 304, 311, 323

Nyam-nyam, 12, 16, 319, 326, 370

Nyangwe, 322, 345

Nyanza, Albert, 45, 318, 320, 326, 332

— Edward, 332, 334

— Victoria, 9, 10, 12, 19, 20, 44, 45, 281, 318, 325, 326, 331, 335, 336, 340, 377

Nyasa, Lake, 9, 109, 160, 161, 248, 249, 251, 252, 276 et seq., 300, 307, 321, 322, 327, 328, 334, 338

Nyasaland, 8, 26, 89, 107, 110, 114, 115, 159, 247, 250 et seq., 279, 291, 292, 327, 331, 444

— German, 249

“Nyassa,” Chartered Company of, 109, 110

Nyoro, 320

Nzadi, 86

Oak tree in Cape Colony, 129

Obbia, 398

Obeid-Allah, 60

Obok, 226, 372, 394

Oceania, 3, 27

Ochiali, 119

Oea, 53

Ogadein Somaliland, 372, 386

Ogowé, R., 79, 80, 228, 233, 324, 330

Ohrwalder, Father, 245

Oil Islands, 295

“Oil Rivers,” 182 et seq., 312

Okabango-Teoge, R., 317

Okapi, the, 341

Old Calabar, 99, 182 et seq., 250, 313

Oldfield, Dr, 313

Olifants River, 131

Olive oil, 110

Ollone, Capt. d', 337

Omaiyad dynasties, 56, 59

'Oman, 73, 74, 83, 160, 374, 384

Omar, 59

'Omaru bin Saidi, 202

Om Dubreikat, 369

Omdurman, 193, 337; victory of, 227, 365

Omo, R., 334

Omuramba, 317

On, 60

Ondonga, 97

O'Neill, Lieut. H. E., 327

Onions, 92

Opobo, R., 185, 189

Oqba-bin-Nafa (the Prophet’s barber), 56, 57

Oran, 66, 117 et seq., 214, 216 et seq., 230

Orange Free State, 140 et seq., 258, 264, 268, 269, 271, 280, 281, 286, 288, 291, 292, 443

— Prince of, 135, 137, 254

— River, 9, 131, 132, 140, 142, 145, 206, 256, 261 et seq., 268, 274, 306, 307

496Orange tree, 75, 85, 91, 92, 390

Orangia, 146

Ormuz, Is., 83

Osheba country, 234

Osman Digna, 369

Ostrich, Ostrich farming, 43, 255, 265, 268, 274

Oswell, Mr W., 317

Otavi, 419, 420

Oudjda, 223

Oudney, Dr, 310

“Outlanders” (Uitlanders), 147, 148, 288

Ovambo, Ovamboland, 97, 274, 317, 418

Overweg, Dr, 314, 315

Owen, Admiral W. F. W., 106, 111, 112, 308, 374

— Major Roddy, 380

Ozi, R., 384

Paarl, 272

Pacific Ocean, 153

Padrone, Cape, 81

Paez, Pedro, 84, 300, 301

Paiva, Alfonso de, 82

Pakenham, Mr, 436

Palestine, 71

Palgrave, Mr W. C., 275

Pallier, Lieut., 222

Palm, see Coco-nut, Date-palms

— oil, 182, 183

Palmas, Cape, 79, 99, 164

Palmerston, Lord, 165

Panama, 153

Panda, 282

Panet, M., 321

Pangani, 44

Papaws, 91, 92

“Paradise, grains of,” 169

Park, Mungo, 172, 188, 203, 304 et seq.

Parkinson, J., 338

Parkyns, Mansfield, 317

Passarge, Herr, 332, 336

Pateχ, 39

Paterson, Lieut. W., 306

Paul V, Pope, 94, 391

Peacock, the, in N. Africa, 39

Peake, Major M., 371

Peddie, Major, 306

Peebles and Mungo Park, 305

Pemba, Is., 44, 100, 377, 382, 383, 423

Peñon, 117, 118

Pepper, 169

Pereira, 307

Perim, Is., 226, 372

Péringuey, Dr, 7

Periplus of the Red Sea, 44, 45

Persia, -n Empire, 1, 3, 4, 22, 29, 37, 41, 43, 45, 52, 53, 55, 72, 152, 159

Persian influence on Zanzibar coast, 73, 74

— Gulf, 32, 73, 81, 83, 100, 103, 104, 158

Persians, 19, 22, 35

Peru, 153

Peters, Dr, 378, 408, 409

Petherick, John, 319, 362

Petrie, Prof. W. Flinders, 17, 34, 296, 297

Pfeiffer, Mme Ida, 433

Pfeil, Count, 408

Phallic worship, 24, 39, 74

Phazania, 49, 54

Phenbalon, 423

Philae, 298

Philip, Dr, 260

— II of Spain and Portugal, 88, 93

Philippa, 78

Philippine archipelago, 3

Phillips, J. R., massacre of, 186

— Sir L., 146, 274

Phoenicia, Phoenicians, 22, 24, 25, 30, 32 et seq., 55, 83, 146, 297

Pierre, Admiral, 436, 437

Pietermaritzburg, 272

Pig (domestic), 39, 92

Pigafetta, Filippo, 88, 391

Pine-apple, 91, 92

Piquet, Victor, 37

Pirates (Dutch), 103

— (Madagascar), 426

— (Moorish), 77, 119, 211

— (Turkish), 69, 118, 119

Pisa, Pisans, 62, 390

Pisania, 304, 305

497Pitt, organises second expedition to take Cape Colony, 137

Pius IX, Pope, 245

Plantain, the, 93

Plettenberg’s Beacon, 255

Pliny, 45, 298, 299, 303

Pococke, Dr Richard, 303

Pogge, Dr, 327

Poivre, Mons., 427

Pokquesoe, 124

Poles, 72

Polignac, Prince de, 431

Polo, Marco, 424

Polybius, 49, 298

Polynesians, 28, 31

Pombal, Marquez de, 247

Pomel, Prof. A., 35

Pompeii, 48

Pondoland, 263, 267

Port Elizabeth, 273

— Herald, 115

— Natal, 261

— Nolloth, 273

Portal, Sir Gerald, 378, 394

Portendik, 171, 198, 200

Porto Novo, 172, 182, 205, 206

— Praya, 133

— Rico, 117, 158

— Silva, 316

Portudal, 198

Portugal, 65, 67, 76 et seq., 106, 115, 157, 158, 169 et seq.

— and Dahomé, 96

— and England, 168

— and Germany, 410

Portuguese, 23, 26, 28, 65 et seq., 73, 75 et seq., 116, 168 et seq., 181, 182, 196 et seq., 239 et seq., 274, 277, 278, 300 et seq.

— East Africa, 100, 105 et seq., 241, 277, 327

— Guinea, 98, 201, 209, 309, 330

— language, 76, 448, 449

— missionaries, 90, 94, 240, 241, 300, 301

— West Africa, 95, 108

Portulano, the Laurentian, 391

Potagos, P., 327

Potato, the, 91, 92

Potsy, Andrian, 425

Poultry, 75

Praça de São Sebastião, 100

Prehistoric race movements, 1 et seq.

Presbyterian missionaries, 242

Prester John, 83, 241

Preston, Rev. Mr, 251

Pretoria, 148, 149, 288, 292

Prime Minister of Madagascar, 438, 439

Primitive Methodist missionaries, 122, 243

Prince Henry of Portugal, see Henry

Prince Imperial of France, 282

Prince’s Fort, 124

— Is. (Principe), 86, 91, 92, 96

Pringle, Capt., 335

Pronis, first French Governor of Madagascar, 425

Prostitutes sent to Sierra Leone, 174

Protectionist policy in French Colonies, 231, 439

Protestant Missions in Africa, 241, 247, 248, 252, 253

Proto-Semitic speech, 17

Prussian Company of Emden, 403

Psammetik I, Pharaoh, 42, 297

Ptolemaios Soter, 43

Ptolemies, 19, 42, 43, 298

Ptolemy the Geographer, 45, 47, 299, 423

Pungwe, R., 113

Punic, 50, see Phoenicians

Purdy-Bey (Col.), 326

Putumayo, 351

Pygmies of the Congo, 7, 9, 232

Quambalon, 423

Queens of Madagascar, 431 et seq.

Quelimane, 73, 82, 83, 100, 101, 106 et seq., 318

Quraish tribe, 54

Rabah Zobeir, 193, 235, 236

Rabai, 242

Rabba, 313

Rabbat Amma, 39

Rabinowitz family, 146, 274

498Rabodo (Rasohérina), Queen, 434

Radama I, King, 429 et seq.

— II, King, 433, 434

Railways, 96, 97, 112, 114, 115, 149, 175, 179, 180, 187, 194, 203, 210, 217, 219, 221, 227, 238, 272, 279, 286, 387, 414, 415, 420, 422

— in Cape Colony, 272

— in Congo Free State, 347, 358

— Cape to Cairo, 340

Rainilaiarivóny, Prime Minister, 435

Rakoto, Prince, 432, 433

Ranavalona, Queen, 247, 431, 434

— II, Queen, 435

— III, Queen, 437

Rand, the, 290

Rapaports, the, 146, 274

Ras Alula, 394

Ras Benās, 18

Ras Kasar, 394

Rashūf, 39

Ravenala, the, 427

Ravenstein, Mr E. G., 80

Rawson, Admiral Sir H., 186

Reade, Winwood, see Winwood Reade

Rebmann, Rev. Johann, 242, 243, 316, 331

Recollets friars, 94

Red Sea, the, 4, 16 et seq., 21, 22, 43, 44, 52, 70, 82 et seq., 100, 102, 226, 227, 299, 394

Reichardt, Dr (explorer), 311, 317

— (missionary), 243

Reichenbach, Dr S. von, 336

Reitz, Lieut., 374

Reitz, Mr, 276

René, Jean, 430

Rennell Rodd agreement, 372

Réunion (Bourbon), 28, 31, 84, 123, 127, 295, 296, 430, 440, 441

Révoil, M., 334

Rhapta, 44

Rhaptum, 44

Rhinoceroses, 48

Rhodes, Right Hon. Cecil J., 147, 148, 279, 283 et seq.

Rhodesia, 23 et seq., 100, 107, 114, 146, 231, 270, 271, 278, 279, 285, 291, 330, 339

Ribat (on the Niger), 63

Rice, 75, 92

Richardson, James, 195, 314, 315

Richelieu, Cardinal, 425

Riebeek, Jan van, 125

Riff country (N. Morocco), 120, 223, 224, 226

Rio de Janeiro, 301

Rio d'Ouro (Rio de Oro), 36, 78, 79, 121, 196, 209, 300, 321

Rio del Rey, 184, 191

Rio Muni, 234

Rio Pedro, 205

Ripon Falls, 318

Ritchie, Mr, 310

“Rivières du Sud,” 201

Robert of Sicily, Count, 299

Roberts, Joseph Jenkins, 165

— Lord, 288

Robertsport, 164

Robinson, Sir H., 284, 288

Rochefort, Claude Jannequin de, 197, 198, 302

Rochelle, Vacher de, 425, 426

Rodriguez, 28, 123, 295

Rohlfs, Gerhard, 315, 323

Rokel, R., 173, 308

Roman Catholic Missions, 94, 228, 240, 241, 244, 247, 253, 319, 377, 378, 434, 439

Roman Empire, 40, 43, 45, 47, 62, 299

Romans, the, 19, 37, 40, 45 et seq., 57, 298, 391

Rome, 42, 43, 50, 152, 391

Ronga, 134

Roosevelt, Theodore, 340

Rosetta, 42, 360

Rosmead, Lord, 288

Roumas, the, 202

Rowlands, John, see Stanley

Royal African Company, 176

— Geographical Society, 244, 318, 322, 328, 331, 376

— Senegal Company, 198

— Umbrella, 60

Ruad, 32

Rubault, M., 309

Rudolf, Lake, 10, 21, 51, 331, 335, 338, 339, 385

499Rufiji, R., 412

Rufisque, 198

Rufu, R., 44, 383

Ruki, R., 329

Rukwa, Lake, 328, 331

Rūm, 72

Ruma, Rumi, 68

Rupert, Prince of Madagascar, 425

Rüppell, Dr E., 317

Ruspoli (Explorer), 334

Russia, 132, 364

— German, 326

Russia’s action in Abyssinia, 253, 395, 396

Ruvuma, R., 100, 109, 113, 300, 316, 322, 327, 375, 410, 411, 413

Ruwenzori, Mt, 45, 320, 331, 332, 334, 340

Saadian dynasty, 66, 67

Sabaeans, 22, 83, 134, 146

Sabi, R., 23, 114, 115

Sacred Shrine, 39, 55

Saffi, 78

Sagres, 78

Sahara desert, 8, 13 et seq., 20, 25, 33, 36, 37, 47 et seq., 62, 63, 68, 70, 74, 75, 78, 121, 160, 192, 194, 217, 221, 222, 238, 299, 300, 314, 320 et seq.

Sahati, 394

Saho, 21

Said bin Muhammad, 360

Saida, 32, 37

Saint Augustine (Florida), 153

Saint George’s Bay Company, 173

Saint Helena, Is., see Helena, St

Saint Laurence, Is., 85

Saint Louis, 196 et seq., 321

Saint Mary, Is., 170

Sakalava, the, 31, 428, 432, 435

Saker, Rev. Edward, 244

Salagá, 325, 421

Salah-ad-din Yusaf bin Ayub (Saladin), 71

Saldanha Bay, 126, 136

Salisbury, 23

Salisbury, Lord, 394

Salt, 14

Salt, Henry, 308

Samori, 161, 203 et seq.

Sanagá, R., 332

Sand River Convention, 141, 142, 263

Sandawi, 9, 336

Sandile war, 263

Sanga, R., 191, 234, 338, 415

Sanhaga (Sanhaja), 53, 54, 60

Sankuru, R., 329, 339, 345

San Pedro, R., 165

Sansanding, 305

Sansanne Mangu, 421

Santo Domingo, 167

Santorin, 41

São João d'Ajudá, 97

São Jorge da Mina, 80

São Lourenço, 424

São Miguel, 90, 94

São Paulo de Loanda, 90, 93 et seq., 123, 325

São Salvador, 86, 89, 94, 322

São Thomé, 81, 86, 91, 92, 96, 97

São Vicente, 99

Saracenic architecture, 74

Saracens, 390

Sardinia, 25, 50, 62, 390

Sarepta, 32

Sarras, 365

Savage, Dr, 228

Saxons, 50

Say (on the Niger), 190, 208, 315

Sayyid Sa’id, 242

Schaudt, G., 324

Schenk, Dr A., 336

Schnitz, H., 336

Schnitzer, E., 363

Schön, Rev. J. F., 243

Schweinfürth, Dr, 230, 315, 326

Scotch, Scotsmen, 138, 139, 257; similarity with Dutch, 138; in Nyasaland, 279

Scott (draughtsman), 305

Scott-Elliott, Mr, 334

Sealskin industry, 146

Sebastião, Dom (King of Portugal), 66, 68, 77, 87 et seq.

— São, Fort of, at Moçambique, 100

Sebu, 35

500Secondee, 124

Sego (Niger), 201 et seq., 305, 306

Seidel, N., 336

Sekondi, 179, 180

Selim, Sultan, 118

Selous, Mr F. C., 330

Semitic colonization, 16, 19, 20

— languages, 20 et seq.

— race, 22, 134, 230

Semliki, R., 320, 332

Sena (Zambezi), 73, 83, 101, 102, 104, 106, 107, 115, 308

Senegal, R., 10, 12, 36, 49, 54, 62, 75, 79, 99, 159, 171, 196 et seq., 304

— Colony, 12, 170, 188, 198, 206, 209, 210, 221, 227, 235, 302

Senegalese, 10, 207, 227, 237

Senegambia, 10 et seq., 63, 68, 70, 83, 98, 169, 170, 172, 190, 194, 200, 201, 245, 300, 321, 445

Sennār, 62, 70, 72, 212, 245, 303

Senussi or Sanusi, 236, 401

— II, 236, 237

— III, 237

Septa, 57, 77

Septimus Flaccus, 47, 48

Serandab, 423

Serbs, 72

Serpa Pinto, Colonel, 108, 325

Sesamum, 110

Sesheke, 317

Seychelles Islands, 28, 29, 295, 428, 429

Sfax, 118, 119

Sharifian dynasty of Morocco, 66 et seq., 77

Shari, R., 11 et seq., 191, 230, 234, 235, 237, 310, 324, 338

Sharp, Granville, 154, 174

Sharpe, Sir Alfred, 278, 285, 334

“Shatts,” the, 38

Shaw, Dr, 303

— Mr (Madagascar), 436, 437

Shawia, the, 223, 224

Shea-butter, 180

Sheep, 39, 75, 255, 274, 419

Shela Mountains, 95

Shepherd kings, 22

Shepstone, Sir T., 143, 281

Sherboro, R., 36

Sherbro, 165

Shia faith, 56, 59, 60, 71

Shiré Highlands, 108, 114, 251, 277 et seq., 327

— River, 106, 108, 110, 114, 277 et seq., 300, 321

Shirwa, Lake, 334

Shoa, 242, 245, 307, 317, 329, 337, 395

Sibree, Rev. J., 337

Sicily, Sicilians, 38, 41, 60, 62, 65, 74, 299, 390

Sidi Ferruj, 213, 230

Sidi Mubarak, 384

Sidon, 32, 33, 37

Sierra Leone, 11, 36, 79, 93, 98, 99, 122, 154, 158, 159, 163, 164, 167, 172 et seq., 200, 201, 203, 242, 304, 308

Sierra Leone Company, 173

Sigilmessa, Sijilmassa, 59, 67

Sikhs, 161, 279, 380

Silva Americano, 96

Silveira, Gonçalo de, 101, 241

Simon’s Bay, 263, 264

— Town, 136

Sims, Dr, 251

Sinai Peninsula, 366

Sinô, 164

Sintra, Pedro de, 79

Siwah, 18, 53, 70, 236, 317

Sixtus V, Pope, 391

Slagter’s Nek, 258, 261

Slatin Pasha, 327

Slave Trade, 4, 80, 94, 96, 97, 103, 104, 107, 121, 122, 124, 151 et seq.

— Abolition of, 107, 155, 157 et seq., 238, 258, 259, 432

Slavery, 80, 95, 161

Slaves (Christian), 241

— (Negro), 128, 153, 173, 228, 259

Slavs, 59, 70 et seq.

Sleeping sickness, 382

Smeathman, Dr Henry, 173

Smith, Sir Harry, 259, 263

Smythies, Bishop, 327

Sneeubergen, 132

501Sobat, R., 227, 298, 337 et seq.

Sofala, 23, 26, 34, 73, 82, 83, 99 et seq., 134, 299, 300, 424

“Sofas,” 204

Sokoto, 190 et seq., 222, 306, 310, 311, 315

Sokotra, Is., 44, 83, 372, 393

Sokya (Askia) dynasty in Sudan, 67, 68

Soleillet, Paul, 321

Solomon Islands, 3

Solomons, 274

Solum, 400

Somalía Italiana, 398

Somaliland, Somalis, 4, 7, 15, 17, 18, 22, 44, 70, 72, 73, 75, 82, 84, 99, 151, 226, 227, 300, 318, 334, 335, 337 et seq.

Somerset, Lord Charles, 256, 258, 261

— East, 259

Sommervill (Dutch Commissioner), 307

Somrai, 324

Songhai, 13, 14, 49, 51, 79, 191, 209

Sonnerat, 427

Sonnini, 303

Sonyo, 85

Ṣor, 32

Sousa Coutinho, Thomé de, 103

“South African Republic,” 144, 148, 149, 283, 288, 443

South African War (1899-1902), 286, 288, 291, 388

South American states abolish slave-trade, 157

Southern Nigeria, Protectorate of, 185 et seq.

Southern Rhodesia, 285, 286, 292

Spain, Spaniards, 4, 8, 32, 34, 38, 39, 41, 57 et seq., 65, 72, 74, 76, 93, 116 et seq., 146, 152, 153, 169, 183, 216, 225

— in Africa, 116 et seq., 241

Spanish, 122, 216, 449

— Guinea, 121

— missionaries, 122, 241

Speke, Capt. J. H., 315, 318 et seq., 334

Spice Islands, 75

Spices, West African, 168

St Augustine’s Bay, 425, 431

St Marie de Madagascar, 426, 430, 431

St Vincent, Bory de, 429

Stadhouder (also see Prince of Orange), 130, 136, 306

Stairs, Capt., 332, 346

Stanley, H. M., 87, 91, 229, 248, 315, 319, 322, 325, 326, 328, 329, 332, 342 et seq.

Stanley Pool, 85, 91, 229, 231, 347

Stapleton, Rev. W. H., 244, 329

Steere, Bishop, 251, 252, 327

Stephanie, Lake, 331

Stettin, von, 332

Steudner, Dr, 320

Stevenson, Mr Jas., 284

Stewart, Rev. Dr James, 250

Stibbs, Capt. Bartholomew, 171, 302

Stockenstrom, Sir Andries, 260

Stokes, Chas., 347, 378

Storms, Capt. E., 342, 344, 352

Stover, Rev. W. M., 251

Strabo, 298

“Strandlooper” skulls, 3, 7

Stuhlmann, Dr Franz, 336

Suakin, 21, 82, 323, 328, 364, 365

Sudan, 20, 37, 48, 51, 54, 67, 68, 74, 152, 161, 187, 190, 193, 194, 226, 230, 235, 237, 238, 245, 320, 326, 362 et seq.

Sudanese language-families, 10

Sudd, 46, 298, 320, 371

Suē, R., 336

Suetonius Paulinus, 47, 49

Suevi, 76

Suez, 16

— Canal, 268, 361, 362

— Gulf of, 18, 33

Suffetula (Sbeitla), 56

Suffren, Admiral, 133

Sufis, 204

Sugar, Sugar-cane, the, 75, 91, 92, 110, 146, 270, 271

Sū'id bin Ali, 382

Sumatra, 3, 27, 28, 31, 124, 178, 295, 304

502Sunda Islands, 427

Sunday River, 256

Sunni faith, 56, 59, 71

Sūs country (South of Morocco), 35, 57, 224, 225

Susa (Tunis), 117, 119

Susu, 174, 242

Swahili (people and language), 10, 30, 101, 410, 411, 448, 449

Swakopmund, 420

Swann, Alfred, 161

Swayne, Col., 335

Swazi dialect, 134

Swazis, Swaziland, 143, 145, 149, 270, 292

Sweden, Swedes, 157, 177

Sweet potato, the, 91, 92

Swiss missionaries, 96

— settlers in Algeria, 216

Syria, Syrians, 1, 4, 22, 24, 32, 37, 39, 40, 52, 55, 69 et seq., 212, 291

Syrian Desert, 32

Tabarka, 390

Table Bay, 125, 126, 137

Tafilalt, 59, 67, 336

Tagus, R., 76

Tahiti, 205

Tajurra, 227

Takorari, 124

Takrana, 403

Takrur, 202

Talbot, P. A., 338

Tamatave, 296, 429 et seq.

Tammuz, 39

Tamul race, 271

Tana, R., 21, 335, 384, 386, 409, 410

Tanánarivo, 433, 434, 438, 439

Tanga, 414

Tanganyika, Lake, 9, 134, 160, 245, 248, 278, 279, 281, 284, 291, 318, 322, 324, 325, 327, 328, 330, 334, 336, 340, 344, 404, 411

Tangier, 51, 53, 66, 67, 71, 75, 78, 120, 195, 223, 226, 238

Tangiers, 58

Tangis, 53

Tanit, 38

Tapioca, 92

Tappenbeck, Lieut., 332

Tarifa, 58

Tarik, 58

Tasmania, 3

Tasmanian aborigines, 2 et seq.

Taufik, Khedive, 361

Taveita, 156, 376

Tawareq (Tamasheq), 15, 54, 63, 67, 68, 205, 207, 221, 222, 232, 309, 321, 322

Tea, 270

Tebessa, 50, 53, 216

Teda, 13, 15, 54

Teleki, Count Samuel, 331, 387

Tel-el-Kebir, 362

Tembe, 111

Tenda, 170, 302

Tenduf, 314

Tenerife, 117

Teniahir, Lagoon of, 36

Ternan, Col. T., 380

Ternate, 75

Tete, 101, 103, 115, 241, 247, 307

Tetwan, 66, 119

Teutonic type, 22, 76, 77

Teuχeira, 42

Thala, 53

Thames, R., 48

Theion Oχema, 173

Thera, 41

Thibaut, 319

Thira, 41

Thomé, São (Thomas, St), (Is.), see São Thomé

Thompson, Capt. George, 170, 302

Thomson, Joseph, 190, 315, 328, 331, 336, 375, 376, 387

Thonner, Franz, 339

Three-points, Cape, 124

Thurston, Major A. B., 380

Thys, Col., 347

Tiaret, 59

Tibesti, 15, 19, 323, 338

Tibu country, Tibus, 13, 15, 47, 54, 209, 222, 232, 237

Tidiani, 201

Tidikelt, 222

Tieba, 204

Tigré, 245, 395, 396

503Tilho, Capt., 338

Timbo, 203

Timbuktu, 13, 67, 68, 78, 79, 116, 186, 200, 202 et seq., 300, 303, 304, 308, 309, 315

Timgad, 53

Timne, 11, 174, 175

Timor, 3

Tingis, 51

Tinne, Alexandrine, 320, 321, 324

“Tippoo-Tib,” Tipu-Tipu, 344

Tlemsan, 57, 64, 65, 118, 236

Tobacco, 27, 91, 92, 154, 279

Togoland, 12, 248, 333, 336, 408, 421, 422

Tokar hills, 369

Tomato, the, 92

Tonga, 134

Toole, Mr, 310

Torday, Emil, 339

Toro, 381

Torobe, 202

Toski, 365

Totem, 101

Toucouleurs, 202

Toutée, Commandant Georges, 333

Tozer, Bishop, 251

Transcontinental Telegraph, 279

Transkei, 267

Transsaharan Railway, 194, 221

Transvaal, 95, 112, 140, 142 et seq., 263, 269, 271, 274, 276, 280 et seq., 307

Trinkomali, 133

Tripoli, 5, 12, 33, 37 et seq., 47, 49 et seq., 61, 62, 64, 66, 69, 160, 161, 187, 194, 195, 204, 216, 218, 238, 252, 308, 310, 314, 322, 393, 443

Tripolis, 53

Tripolitaine, 15, 53, 54, 398 et seq.

Tristam, Nuno, 78

Tristan d'Acunha Is., 99, 268; see Acunha, Tristan d’

Troglodytes, 36

Trotha, General von, 417, 418

Truster (Dutch Commissioner), 306

Tsetse fly, 26, 102, 382

Tsumeb, 419, 420

Tsur, 32

Tuaregs, 13, 14, 37, 54

Tuāt, 222, 337

Tuburi, 338

Tuckey, Capt., 308

Tugela, R., 263

Tulbagh, Governor, 130, 306

Tulunid dynasty, 71

Tungi Bay, 113

Tunis, Tunisia, 2, 24, 32, 33, 35, 37, 39, 46, 47, 49 et seq., 61, 62, 64 et seq., 118, 119, 160, 216 et seq., 245, 252, 301, 390, 392, 393, 444

Turkana, 10

Turkey, Turks, 19, 65, 69 et seq., 84, 102, 103, 118, 119, 152, 159, 160, 195, 212, 218, 238, 300, 301, 366, 398 et seq.

Tusūn, 360

Twat, 41, 68, 308, 323

Tyre, Tyrians, 32, 33

Ubbo, 38

Uda, 44

Uechtritz, Herr, 332

Uganda, 20, 235, 245, 246, 248, 326, 328, 331, 334, 335, 363, 377, 387, 444

Ujda, 223

Ujiji, 322

Ukami, 409

Ulysses, 41

Umba, 383, 386, 410, 411

Umhlakazi, 266

Umsilikazi, 283

Union of S. Africa, 292, 293, 443

United States of America, 96, 124, 154, 157 et seq., 163, 167, 240, 262, 443

Unknown River, the, 325

Unyamwezi, 9

Unyoro, 335

Urban VIII, Pope, 392

Uruj, 118

Usagara, 409

Usambara, 333, 414

Uso di Mare, 79

Utica, 32, 33

Uzeguha, 409

504Vaal River, 141, 142, 261, 306

Vacher de Rochelle, 425, 426

Vai language, 93

Va-kioko, 301

Vandals, 50, 51, 401

Vandalusia, 50

Vandeleur, Col., 335

Van der Stel, Commander, 306

Van Diemen’s Land, 264

Vangèle, Capt., 329, 330

Vardon, Major, 308

Vasco da Gama, 82, 99, 100

Velez de la Gomera, 119

Venice, Venetians, 62, 102, 168, 319, 390, 391

Verde, Cape, 36, 79, 99, 197, 201

— Islands, 79, 92

Vereeniging, 149, 291

Vermuyden, 302

Verneaux, Dr, 4

Verner, S. P., 329

Victoria (Ambas Bay), 415

— Falls, 247, 279

— Nyanza, see Nyanza

— Queen, 165, 280

— (territory), 262

Vienna, Congress of, 157

Vincent, M., the explorer, 321

Vine, the, 39, 127

Virginia, 154

Virunga, Mt (Volcano), 334

Vischer, Hanns, 339

Vitu, 384, 409, 410

Vogel, Dr, 315, 324

Volta, R., 70, 177, 179, 204, 325, 333

Volubilis, 59

Von Lindequist, 418

Voulet, Capt., 221, 222, 236

Vredenburg, 124

“Vryheid” (New Republic), 282, 283

Wadai, 62, 70, 159, 161, 236 et seq., 315, 323, 324, 338, 339, 420, 443