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INDEX
A
Abernethy, 323, 325
Abingdon, chronicle of, 178
—— knight service of, 449
—— Ethelhelm, abbot of, 399, 450
—— history of, 416, 494
Adeliz, countess of Ponthieu, 64, 234
Ælfwold, abbot of St. Benet of Holme, 173
Agelwig, abbot of Evesham, 333
Agriculture, system of, 479, 480
Aire, river, passage of, 278, 279
Alan III., count of Brittany, 66, 72, 137, 341
Alan Fergant, duke of Brittany, 342
Alan, earl of Richmond, 200, 324, 361
Aldreth, Cambridgeshire, 298, 300
Alençon, 63, 91, 299
—— siege of, 94, 95
Alfred the Etheling, 47, 51
Alfred, King, 6, 12, 22, 25, 179, 394
Algar, English prisoner, 372
Alney, treaty of, 214
Ambrières, 118, 119
Angevin succession war, 126, 127, 130, 160, 304
Anjou, county of, 66, 88, 126, 127
—— counts of, see Fulk Nerra, Fulk le Rechin, Geoffrey Martel, Geoffrey le Barbu.
Anselm of Aosta, 42, 43
512Ansgar the Staller (Esegar), 224, 238, 241, 424
Apulia, 97, 99
Aquitaine, 141
Archil, Northumbrian thegn, 265, 268
Argentan, 78, 79
Arlette, mistress of Robert I., 63, 64, 234
Army, the feudal, 456
—— —— numbers of, 450, 451
—— —— at Hastings, 196
Arnold, bishop of le Mans, 310, 312
Arnulf, son of Baldwin VI., of Flanders, 305, 306
Arnulf, count of Flanders, 27
Arques, county of, 101
—— siege of, 102-105
—— see William, count of.
Arthur of Brittany, 233
Arundel, castle of, 428
Arve, valley of, 76, 77, 123
Asbiorn, Earl, 271, 285, 291, 321
Ascelin, son of Arthur, 375
Assessment, principles of, 466-472
Athelstan, King, 19, 27, 28
Aubrey, earl of Northumbria, 353
Aversa, battle of, 106
Avranchin, the, 25, 138
Axholme, Isle of, 275
Azo, marquis of Liguria, 308
B
Baile Hill, York, 269
Baldwin, sheriff of Devon, 257, 422
513Baldwin V., count of Flanders, 91, 105, 106, 108, 109, 126, 160, 171, 172, 305
Baldwin VI., count of Flanders, 305
Baldwin, son of Count Baldwin VI., 305, 307
Bamburgh, 317
Barking, 227, 233, 238
Battle, abbey of, 197, 397
Baudri de Guitry, 372, 373
Bavinkhove, battle of, 306
Bayeux, 102, 115
—— bishop of, see Odo.
Beaumont (Maine), castle of, 313, 360
Beaurain, 154
Beauvoisis, 112
Bec, schools of, 41-43
Bedfordshire, assessment of, 467-469
Bellême, county of, 39, 91, 105, 128, 429
—— see Mabel of.
Beneficium, 32
“Beorcham,” 221
Berengar of Tours, 42
Berkhamstead, Little, 222
Bertha of Blois, 130
Bessin, the, 25, 81, 121
Beverley, church of, 385
Bilsdale-in-Cleveland, 282
Biota of Mantes, 129, 131, 136
Blanchelande, peace of, 314-316, 344-346
Bleddyn, king of Gwynedd, 248, 262, 276
Blois, county of, 38, 66, 67
—— see Odo II., Theobald III., counts of.
Blyth (Notts), 441
Bonjen, valley of, 361
Bonneville, council of, 180
Border, the Scotch, 317, 318, 323, 324
Boscherville, 351
Brand, abbot of Peterborough, 228, 290
Bresle, river, 24
514Breteuil, 117
—— laws of, 117
Bretford (Wilts), 67
Brian of Penthievre, 270, 277, 324
Brill (Bucks), 420
Brionne, siege of, 85
—— county of, 114
Bristol, 258
Brittany, 66, 138, 141
—— volunteers from, 168
—— —— at Hastings, 200, 201
—— see Alan, Conan, Hoel, counts of.
Broken Tower, the, 217
Buckingham, earldom of, 167
“Burh-bot,” 300
Burton-on-Trent, 420
C
Caen, 122, 351, 374, 375, 401
—— abbey of, Holy Trinity, 180, 358
—— —— St. Stephen’s, 42, 180
—— burial of William I. at, 374
Cambridge, 266, 298, 333
Canterbury, 217
—— see Anselm, Dunstan, Lanfranc, Robert of Jumièges, Stigand, archbishops of.
Capetian House, 360
—— in alliance with Normandy, 29, 33, 67, 68, 73, 79
Capital punishment, 87, 340
Cardiff, castle of, 354
Cardigan, 429
Carham, battle of, 317
Carisbrooke, castle of, 356
Carlisle, 323
Carolingian Empire, 1
Carolingian House, in alliance with Normandy, 26, 27, 29
Carucates, 470, 471
Castles, in England, 242, 243, 263, 264, 451-453
515Castle-guard, 451, 452
Celibacy, clerical, enforcement of, 396, 397
Champagne, county of, 67, 141; see also Blois.
Chancellor, the, 418
Chancery, the royal, 53
Charles III., king of West Franks, 25, 26
Chartres, schools of, 41
Chateauneuf, castle of, 346
Chaumont, 368
Chester, 276, 281, 283-285, 388, 429
—— earldom of, 167, 425, 429-431
—— see Gerbod, Hugh, earls of.
Christian, bishop of Aarhus, 271
Cicely, daughter of William I., 180
Claim of fealty, papal, 404, 405
Claire-sur-Epte, treaty of, 24, 25, 26, 40, 79
“Clamores” in Lincolnshire Domesday, 497, 498
Clarendon, constitutions of, 357
Cleveland, 176, 282, 317, 320
Clifford’s Tower (York), 265
ClunyCluny, abbey of, 379
Cluniac movement, 40, 385-387
Cnut, king of England and Denmark, 5, 15, 18, 44, 65, 147, 150-152, 211, 253
Cnut II. (Saint), king of Denmark, 271, 334, 335, 363, 365
Coesnon, river, 139
Commune concilium, 408-415
Conan, duke of Brittany, 67, 137-140
Confiscation, the great, 235-240
Constance, widow of King Robert I., 68
“Consul Palatinus,” 427
516Copsige, earl of Northumbria, 233, 247
Corbie, 307
Cornwall, 259, 260
Cotentin, the, 25, 81, 101, 172
Councils, ecclesiastical, 392, 393
Court, the shire, 421, 422, 433, 437, 442
—— the hundred, 393, 394, 433, 442, 444
Coutances, church of St. Mary at, 137
—— see Geoffrey, bishop of.
Crowland, abbey of, 288, 290, 338
Cumberland, 317, 318, 321, 322
Curia, the papal, 55, 163, 164, 377
Curia Regis, 416, 419, 456
D
Danegeld, 460, 465, 466
Danelaw, 9, 10, 12, 24, 253, 272, 273
Dean, forest of, 272
Denmark, kings of, see Cnut I. and II., Gorm, Harold Blue-Tooth, Harold Hein, Swegen Forkbeard, Swegen Estrithson.
Derwent (Yorkshire), 178
Dieppe, 251
Dinan, siege of, 140
Dive, river, 81
—— —— estuary of, 102, 121, 182, 183
—— Church of Notre Dame at, 245
Dol, 138, 139, 341
Domesday Book, 7, 10, 11, 13, 16, 33, 57, 117, 173, 234, 235, 237-240, 257, 273, 280, 325, 327, 345, 367, 392, 411, 414, 415, 430, 457-501
—— Inquest, 437, 485, 486, 498, 499
517—— arrangement of, 489-493
—— composition of, 486, 487
—— indefiniteness of, 482-485
—— legal theory underlying, 494-498
—— meaning of name, 500, 501
Domfront, 91-95, 101
Donald, son of Malcolm III., 323
Dover, 50, 156, 216, 217, 249-251
Downton (Wilts), 355, 420
Dreux, county of, 76, 77
Drogo, count of the Vexin, 367
Droitwich, 420
Dunbar, 317-325
Duncan, king of Scots, 318
Dunstan, Archbishop, 18, 20, 381, 406
Durham, 268, 324, 334
—— modern county of, 321
E
Eadgyth, wife of Edward the Confessor, 218
—— marriage of, 144
Eadmer, historian, 382
Eadric Streona, earl of Mercia, 15, 18, 45, 248
Eadric the Wild, 228, 248, 276
Ealdgyth, wife of Harold II., 171
Ealdred, archbishop of York, 71, 157, 221, 225, 230, 260, 263, 275, 384-387, 390
Ealdwulf II., earl of Northumbria, 58
Earldoms, the great, 14-17, 46, 424, 425
East Anglia, assessment of, 469, 470
518Edgar the Etheling, 148, 151-153, 159, 212, 228, 289, 320, 325
—— elected king, 213
—— submission of, 221
—— accompanies William to Normandy, 244
—— flight of (1068), 262, 265
—— attacks York, 268
—— joins Danish fleet, 273
—— in Scotland, 295
—— final flight of, 321
—— receives offer of Montreuil, 326
—— returns to England, 327
Edgar, king, 9, 20, 394
Edington, battle of, 6
Edith the Swan-necked, 207
Edmund Ironside, 15, 21, 147, 209, 211
Edmund, sheriff of Hertfordshire, 231
Ednoth the Staller, 259
Edred, King, 19
Edward the Confessor, 21, 36, 49, 52, 54, 60-62, 66, 76, 91, 143-147, 331, 411
—— death of, 157
—— ecclesiastical appointments by, 385
Edward the Elder, 7, 19, 26
Edward the Etheling, 147, 148
Edward, sheriff of Wiltshire, 423
Edwin, earl of Mercia, 59, 61, 153, 177, 191-193, 212-215, 227, 230, 234, 412
—— accompanies William I. to Normandy, 244, 245
—— first revolt of, 261-264
—— flight and death of, 295-297
Edwy, king of Wessex, 8, 20
Elf, the, treaty of, 48
Ely, abbey of, 288, 432
—— Domesday Inquest relating to, 459
—— Isle of, 290-300, 321
—— private jurisdiction over, 440, 441
519Emma, wife of Ethelred II., 29, 30, 31, 47, 65, 143
Emma, wife of Earl Ralf, 330, 334
English sheriffs, 424
Enguerrand, count of Ponthieu, 64, 76
—— death of, 104, 111, 234
Eon, count of Penthievre, 119, 200, 324
Epte, river, 24, 68
Eric, earl of Northumbria, 45
Eric of Upsala, 2
Esegar, see Ansgar.
Estrith, sister of Cnut, 65
Ethelmer, bishop of Elmham, 389
Ethelnoth, Kentish thegn, 244
Ethelred II., 8, 15, 18, 20, 29, 30, 44, 143
Ethelric, bishop of Selsey, 389
Ethelwine, bishop of Durham, 266, 268, 389
Ethelwold, prior of Peterborough, 292, 295
Eu, 24, 105
—— county of, 100
—— see Robert, William, counts of.
Eudo fitz Hubert (de Rye), 418
Eustace, count of Boulogne, 50, 169, 228, 231, 249, 250, 300
Evesham, abbey of, 281
—— see Agelwig, abbot of.
Evreux, county of, 70
—— see William, count of.
Exeter, 30, 252, 254, 259, 277, 454
—— revolt of, 253-257, 267
—— see of, 383
Exning, 330, 332, 340
F
Fagadun, 334
Falaise, 63, 78, 121
Falkirk, 350
520Feasts, 409
Fécamp, 39, 71, 76, 245, 401
—— council at, 70, 71
Feigned flight at Hastings, 203-205
Fenland, 288
Feudal rights, 34
Feudum, 32
Five Boroughs, 7
—— assessment of, 472, 473
Flanders, county of, 27, 38, 52, 108, 109, 141, 160, 305-307
—— volunteers from, 168
—— visited by Robert Curthose, 346, 348
—— see Baldwin V. and VI., Robert, Arnulf, counts of.
Flat Holme, the, 258
Fleet, the English, 173, 174, 178
—— the Norman, 165-168
Fresnay, castle of, 312, 313, 360
Fulford, battle of, 177
Fulk the Lame, 167
Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou, 71-89
Fulk le Rechin, count of Anjou, 127, 304, 308, 312-315
Fyrd, the English, 255, 323, 333, 341, 445, 454, 455
G
Gainsborough, 272
Gamel, the son of Orm, 59
Gateshead, 352
Gatinais, the, 127
Gebuin, Archbishop of Lyons, 404
Geoffrey Alselin, 238
Geoffrey “le barbu,” count of Anjou, 127
Geoffrey, bishop of Coutances, 128, 225, 277, 384, 400, 408, 409, 454
Geoffrey “Grenonat,” count of Rennes, 341
Geoffrey de Mandeville, 238, 241, 424
521Geoffrey “Martel,” count of Anjou, 89, 112, 116, 160, 304
—— war of 1048, 90-95
—— refrains from war of 1054, 112-116
—— attacks Ambrières, 118, 119
—— count of Maine, 118, 128, 130
—— death, 126
Geoffrey of Mayenne, 118-120, 308, 310-312
Gerald the Seneschal, 167
Gerbevoi, castle of, 347, 360
—— battle of, 347, 348
Gersendis of Liguria, 308, 311
Gertrude of Holland, 305
Gervaise, bishop of Le Mans, 128
Gherbod, earl of Chester, 429, 430
Gilbert, count of Brionne, 72, 74, 76
Gilbert Crispin, castellan of Tillières, 77
Gilbert of Ghent, 170
Gilbert Maminot, bishop of Lisieux, 369
Gilbert, Bishop Walcher’s deputy, 351, 352
Gloucester, 51, 415, 453
Gloucestershire, 426
Godwine, earl of Wessex, 16, 18, 47, 49, 50, 51, 109, 145, 146, 156
—— House of, 319
Gorm, king of Denmark, 2
Gospatric, Northumbrian thegn, 59
Gospatric, earl of Northumbria, 268, 319, 320
—— appointed earl (1068), 248
—— flight of (1068), 262
—— joins Danish army, 273
—— makes submission, 282
—— harries Cumberland, 321, 322
—— deposition of, 325
Gratian, 394
522Grimbald de Plesis, 82, 87
Guildford, 47
Gundulf, bishop of Rochester, 401
Gunhild, daughter of Earl Godwine, 258
Guntard, abbot of Jumièges, 370
Gustavus Vasa, 4
Guthrum of East Anglia, 6, 24
Guy of Brionne, 71
—— revolt of, 80-88
Guy-Geoffrey of Aquitaine, 105, 111
Guy, count of Ponthieu, 111, 115, 154, 183
Gyrth, earl of East Anglia, 57, 202
Gytha, wife of Earl Godwine, 150, 207, 257, 258
H
Hacon, earl of Worcestershire, 45
Hacon, Danish earl, 334
Hainault, county of, 305
Hamon de Thorigny, 82
Hamon, viscount of Thouars, 223
Harold “Blue Tooth,” king of Denmark, 45
Harold “Hein,” king of Denmark, 271, 335, 363
Harold I., king of England, 47
Harold II., king of England, 49, 52, 56, 57, 257, 302
—— joins in Breton war, 139, 155
—— earl of Wessex, 147
—— continental tour of, 148, 149
—— designs upon English throne, 148
—— visit to Normandy and oath, 154-157
—— becomes king of England, 157-160
—— refuses papal arbitration, 161, 163
523—— marriage of, 171
—— campaign of Stamfordbridge, 177-179
—— campaign of Hastings, 191-194
—— battle of Hastings, 194-205
—— death, 205, 206
—— character, 208-210
—— illegitimate sons of, 258, 259, 270
Harold Fair Hair, king of Norway, 2
Harold Hardrada, king of Norway, 3, 48, 49, 175-179, 183, 253, 273
Harthacnut, 46, 48
Hastings, battle of, 54, 133, 194-206, 286
—— castle of, 187
—— base of Norman army, 188, 195, 211
Hayling Island, grant of, 231
Helie de la Flèche, 362
Henry de Beaumont, 264, 408, 451
Henry IV., emperor, 160
Henry I., king of England, 219, 233, 260, 369, 370, 419
Henry II., king of England, 348, 419, 423
Henry, son of Henry II., 349
Henry de Ferrers, 169, 408
Henry I., king of France, 34, 37, 68, 71, 77, 100, 160
—— guardian of William, 74
—— raids in Normandy, 78
—— at Val-es-dunes, 83-85
—— war with Anjou, 90
—— supports William of Arques, 103, 104
—— invades Normandy, 110-117
—— retreat of, 116
—— defeated at Varaville, 121, 122
—— character of reign, 125
—— death, 126
524—— grants Vexin to Robert I. of Normandy, 367
Herbert “Bocco,” regent of Maine, 129
Herbert “Eveille-Chien,” count of Maine, 129
Herbert II., count of Maine, 118, 130, 131
Hereford, earldom of, 49, 53, 167, 243, 328, 329, 342, 425-427
—— castle of, 248
—— county of, 276
Hereward, 289-295, 297-303, 316
Herlwin, abbot of Bec, 41
Herlwin of Conteville, 64
Herlwin, knight, 374
Hidage, the Tribal, 462, 463
—— the Burghal, 463, 464
—— the county, 465
Hides, 460, 461
Hiesmois, county of, 70, 78, 83, 105, 121
Hildebrand, see Pope Gregory VII.
Hoel, duke of Brittany, 140, 314, 341, 342
Holderness, 176, 320
Housecarles, 445
Hoveringham (Notts), Domesday description of, 476-482
Hubert, papal legate, 404
Hubert of Fresnay, 312
Hubert, viscount of Maine, 360-363
Hugh fitz Baldric, 423
Hugh de Chateauneuf, 346
Hugh, earl of Chester, 78, 167, 356, 430, 433
Hugh of Gournai, 113
Hugh de Grentmaisnil, 243, 348
Hugh of Liguria, 308
Hugh IV., count of Maine, 118, 129
Hugh the Great, count of Paris, 26
Hugh de Montfort, 113, 167, 243, 249
Hugh de Montgomery, 428
525Hugh of Sillé, 310, 311, 313
Humber, the, 58
Humphrey de Tilleul, 243
Huntingdon, 191, 266
—— earldom of, 329
I
Iceland, 3
Ingelric the Priest, 232
Ingibiorg, wife of Malcolm III., 323
Ipswich, 271
J
Jersey, 66
John, king of England, 162
John de la Flèche, 308, 313-315
John, archbishop of Rouen, 246
Judith, wife of Earl Tostig, 109
Judith, wife of Earl Waltheof, 234, 332, 337, 342
Jumièges, 39, 245
Junquené, archbishop of Dol, 76, 138
Jurisdiction, ecclesiastical, 386, 387
K
Kent, earldom of, 167, 425, 431
Knight service, institution of, 444, 446-451
Knights’ fee, 446, 447
L
La Flèche, siege of, 314
—— see also Helie and John.
Land-loan, 33
Lanfranc, archbishop of Canterbury, 214, 358, 389
—— head of school of Bec, 41
—— opposes William’s marriage, 107
526—— abbot of St. Stephen’s, Caen, 180
—— visits Rome (1067), 245, 246
—— relations with Roger of Hereford, 328, 329
—— conduct in 1075, 334-336
—— suggests arrest of Bishop Odo, 357
—— letter to, 371
—— policy as archbishop, 390-397
—— dispute with the Curia, 403
Law, Old English, 10, 499
—— canon, 394
Leicester, 264
—— earldom of, 167
Le Mans, 127, 132-134, 309-313
—— see of, 127-129
—— see Arnold, Gervase, Vulgrin, bishops of.
Leobwine, favourite of Bishop Walcher, 352
Leofgar, bishop of Hereford, 384
Leofric, earl of Mercia, 18, 45, 49, 145
—— House of, 262, 296, 319
Leofric, abbot of Peterborough, 228
Leofwine, Earl, son of Godwine, 57, 202
Leofwine, bishop of Lichfield, 230
Lewes, priory of, 397
Ligulf, Northumbrian thegn, 352
Lijmfiord, 364
Lillebonne, council of (1066), 165, 170, 172, 408
—— —— (1080), 351, 406
Lincoln, 187, 191, 266, 273
Lindsey, 173, 275, 276, 278
Lisois de Monasteriis, 278, 279
London, 133, 192
—— citizens of, 153, 224
527—— citizens of, charter to, 240
—— Tower of, 227
—— Bridge, 57, 219
Lothian, 317, 323, 325
Louis d’Outremer, 9, 28, 29
Lugg, river, 248
Lyting, bishop of Worcester, 384
M
Mabel of Bellême, 39, 120
Macbeth, king of Scots, 318
Magnus I., king of Norway, 46, 48, 49
Magnus Bareleg, king of Norway, 4
Maine, 39, 88, 92, 118-120, 160
—— revolt of (1072), 307-316
—— revolt of (1084), 359-362
—— baronage of, 129, 308
—— see Hugh, Herbert, counts of.
Malcolm I., king of Scots, 317
Malcolm II., king of Scots, 317, 318
Malcolm III., king of Scots, 173, 265, 266, 317-323, 350
—— marriage of, 322
Malger, archbishop of Rouen, 71
—— deposition of, 106, 107
Malger, count of Mortain, 70
Malmesbury, abbey of, 289
—— schools of, 398
Mantes, 112, 368, 369
Margaret of Maine, 130, 131, 136
Margaret, wife of Malcolm III., 322
Marleswegen, sheriff of Lincoln, 192, 229, 262, 268, 273, 321
Marmontice, abbey of, 181, 397
528Matilda, the empress, 163, 233
Matilda, wife of William I., 105-110, 143
—— contributes to the fleet, 167
—— regent of Normandy (1066), 181, 241
—— regent of Normandy (1068), 251
—— regent of Normandy (1069), 269
—— coronation of, 260, 261
—— assists Robert her son in exile, 346
—— death and character, 358, 359
Mauritius, archbishop of Rouen, 42, 245
Maxines, abbey of, 306
Mayenne, castle of, 134
Monasteries, foundation of, 380
Monasticism, in Normandy, 40
—— revival of, in England, 397-400
Mons, 306
Montacute (Somerset), siege of, 277
Montgomery (Normandy), castle of, 67, 72
Montgomery (England), castle of, 427
—— see Hugh, Roger, William de.
Montlouis, battle of, 89, 90
Montreuil-sur-Mer, 326, 347
Mora, the, 167, 185
Morcar, earl of Northumbria, 59, 60, 153, 171, 177, 191-193, 212-215, 227, 261, 319, 372, 412
—— accompanies William to Normandy, 244, 245
—— first revolt of, 261-264
—— flight to Ely, 295, 296
—— imprisonment of, 299
Morecambe Bay, 265
Mortain, see Malger, Robert, William, counts of.
529Mortemer, campaign and battle of, 114, 115, 183, 367
Moulins, 105, 111
N
Nantes, county of, 137
Neel de St. Sauveur, 82, 85
Newburn on Tyne, 247
Newcastle on Tyne, 323
—— castle of, founded, 350
Nicæa, 72
Nicholas, abbot of St. Ouen, 71, 167
Normandy, boundaries of, 24, 25
—— condition of (1035), 74, 75
—— condition of (1066), 141
—— dukes of, see Robert I., II., Rollo, Richard I., II., III., William I., II.
Northampton, 59, 60
Northamptonshire, 59
—— French barons of, 171
Northumbria, 8, 9, 58, 213, 214, 230, 259, 262, 273, 391
—— revolt of (1065), 59, 60
—— opposition to Harold, 171
—— revolt of (1068), 262, 263
—— revolt of (1069), 273-279
—— harrying of, 279-283, 286, 287
—— earls of, see Aubrey, Copsige, Gospatric, Morcar, Oswulf, Robert de Comines, Robert de Mowbray, Siward, Tostig, Walcher, Waltheof.
Norway, kings of, see Harold Fair Hair, Harold Hardrada, Magnus I., II., Olaf (Saint), Olaf Tryggvasson, Olaf Kyrre, and Sigurd.
Norwich, 244, 254, 272, 333, 334
Nottingham, 264, 278
530O
Oath of Harold, 153-157
Odensee, 364-365
Odo, bishop of Bayeux, 40, 64, 128, 231, 249, 250, 259, 384, 390, 415, 416, 434
—— contributes to the fleet, 166
—— at Hastings, 202
—— joint regent (1067), 243, 246
—— earl of Kent, 423, 431, 433
—— harries Northumberland, 352, 353
—— arrested and imprisoned, 355-358
—— released, 372
Odo, brother of Henry I. of France, 113, 115
Odo II., count of Blois, 68, 77
Oise, river, 68
Olaf (Tryggvasson), king of Norway, 4
Olaf (Saint), king of Norway, 8
Olaf (Kyrre), king of Norway, 363
Olne, river, 85, 122
Ordericus Vitalis, 287, 336, 337, 339, 429
Orkneys, 3, 176
—— Paul and Erling, earls of, 176
Osbern the Seneschal, 72, 76, 427
Osbern, bishop of Salisbury, 401
Ostmen of Dublin, 52
Oswulf, earl of Northumbria, 247, 319
Ouse (Yorkshire), river, 176, 265, 273, 279, 282
Oxford, 60
P
Paula of Maine, 308
Peterborough, abbey of, 288-295
531—— abbots of, see Brand, Leofric, Therold.
—— knight service due from, 449
Peter’s Pence, 404
Pevensey, 7, 54, 179, 185-187, 226, 244
Philip I., king of France, 160, 304
—— succeeds, 126
—— temporary alliance with Flanders, 307
—— grants Montreuil to Edgar the Etheling, 326
—— supports Breton insurgents, 341
—— supports Robert of Normandy, 347
—— acquires Vexin, 368
—— war of 1087, 368, 369
Poissy, 83
Pontefract, 278, 279
Ponthieu, county of, 183
—— see Enguerrand, Guy, counts of.
Pontoise, 368
Pope, Alexander II., 161, 402, 405
—— Benedict X., 389
—— Gregory VII., 162, 357, 358, 402-406
—— Innocent II., 163
—— Innocent III., 162
—— Leo IX., 107
—— Nicholas II., 107
Porlock (Somerset), 54
Precarium, the, 32, 33
Private jurisdiction, 35
—— —— after 1066, 438-443
Private war, in Normandy, 35
R
Raimalast, castle of, 346
Ralf of Mantes, earl of Hereford, 49, 53
Ralf III., count of Valois, 368
Ralf de Wacy, 72, 78
532Ralf de Wader, earl of East Anglia, 272, 329, 330, 333-335, 341-342
Ramsey, abbey of, 288, 294, 295
Randolf de Brichessart, 81, 85
Redemption of land by English, 234-236
Reginald of Clermont, 113-115
Remigius (Remi), bishop of Lincoln, 167, 401
Rennes, counts of, 137
—— county of, 138
Rheims, General Council of, 106, 107
Rhiwallon of Dol, 138, 139
Rhiwallon, king of Powys, 248
“Ricardenses,” the, 69, 101
Riccall (Yorkshire), 176, 179
Richard I., duke of Normandy, 28, 29, 37, 38, 39, 379
Richard II., duke of Normandy, 29, 38, 41, 101, 379
Richard III., duke of Normandy, 64
Richard of Hugleville, 103
Richard, son of Count Gilbert of Brionne, 261
Richard, second son of William I., 260
Richildis of Hainault, 305, 306
Richmond, earldom of, 324
Ripon, church of, 385
Rippingdale (Lincolnshire), 290
Robertian House, 25, 27, 29
Robert, duke of Burgundy, 360
Robert de Comines, earl of Northumbria, 267, 268, 319
Robert, count of Eu, 100, 113, 166, 261, 276
Robert “the Frisian,” count of Flanders, 160, 305-307, 326, 346, 363
533Robert, bishop of Hereford, 401
Robert of Jumièges, archbishop of Canterbury, 53, 245, 385
Robert, count of Mortain, 64, 166, 259, 260, 261, 276, 277, 414
Robert de Mowbray, earl of Northumbria, 353
Robert d’Oilly, 169
Robert, count of Paris, 25
Robert I., duke of Normandy, 34, 37, 63-72, 143, 245, 367
Robert II. (Curthose), duke of Normandy, 130, 136, 181, 233, 260, 404
—— joint regent of Normandy (1068), 251
—— recognised as count of Maine, 314-316
—— revolt of, 345-349
—— character of, 349, 350
—— Scotch expedition of, 350
—— designated heir of Normandy, 371
Robert fitz Richard, castellan of York, 265, 268, 269
Robert, archbishop of Rouen, 70, 75
Robert de Vieux-Pont, 314
Robert, the son of Wymarc, 189, 190
Roche-Mabille, foundation of, 120
Rochester, 219
—— church of, suit relating to, 434-436
—— see Gundulf, bishop of.
Roger de Beaumont, 166, 181, 251, 264, 299, 348
Roger de Busli, 441
Roger, earl of Hereford, 372, 408, 426
—— revolt of, 328-335
Roger de Montgomery, earl of Shrewsbury, 39, 120, 166, 261, 287, 314, 348, 358, 408, 425, 427-429, 433
534Roger de Toeny, 75
Rollo, duke of Normandy, 24-27, 30
Romney, 215, 216
Rotrou, count of Mortagne, 346
Rouen, 87, 351, 369
—— priory of St. Gervase at, 369, 373
Rudolph of Burgundy, king of West Franks, 26
Rye, 83
S
St. Albans, abbey of, 449
—— schools of, 398
St. Aubin, 103, 234
St. Benet of Holme, abbey of, see Alfwold, abbot.
—— knight service due from, 449
St. Davids, visited by William I., 353
St. James, castle of, 138
St. Omer, 258
St. Suzanne, siege of, 359-362, 372
St. Valery, 166, 183, 184
St. Wandville, 39, 68
Saintonge, 88-90, 127
Salisbury, 277, 285
—— oath of, 364-366
—— see Osmund, bishop of.
Samson, Queen Matilda’s messenger, 347
Sandwich, 172, 173
Sarthe, valley of, 134, 312
“Sawold,” sheriff of Oxford, 231
Sees, translation of, 391, 392
Seine, valley of, 25, 112
Sheriffs, Norman, 422
—— English, 423
Shrewsbury, 276, 283
—— earldom of, 167, 425, 427, 428
—— see Hugh, Roger, de Montgomery, earls of.
Sicily, volunteers from, 168
535Sigurd (Jerusalem-farer), king of Norway, 4
Sillé, castle of, 310-313
—— see Hugh of.
Simon de Crepy, count of Valois and the Vexin, 368
Siward Barn, 372
Siward, earl of Northumbria, 49, 57, 58, 145, 318, 319
—— House of, 325
Sogne Fiord, 176
Soissons, county of, 100
Somme, estuary of, 183
Sorel, castle of, 346
Southwark, 51, 54, 219
Southwell (Notts), church of, 385
Stafford, 252, 276, 278, 285, 388
Stamford, 191
Stamfordbridge, battle of, 48, 177-179, 187, 189, 192
—— saga of, 176
Stephen, king of England, 163, 219, 249
Stigand, archbishop of Canterbury, 55, 56, 225, 300
—— submits at Wallingford, 153, 220
—— accompanies William to Normandy, 244
—— deposition of, 389
Subinfeudation, 446-450
Sulung, the, 469
Sussex, devastation of, 188
—— earldom of, 428
—— ports of, 53
Swegen Estrithson, king of Denmark, 160, 253, 255, 270, 271, 290, 291, 294, 334, 335
Swegen Forkbeard, king of Denmark, 4, 15, 44, 46, 272
Swegen, son of Cnut, 46
Swegen, son of Earl Godwine, 49
T
Tactics, 197, 198
Tadcaster, 177, 191
536Tapestry, the Bayeux, 166, 201, 202
Taw, river, 270
Tees, river, 58, 282, 317, 320, 323
Telham, 199
Terouenne, 306
Thegns, 238-240, 447, 448
Theobald III., count of Blois, 141
Theodoric, count of Holland, 305
Thomas I., archbishop of York, 390
Thorney, abbey of, 288
Thorold, abbot of Peterborough, 289-291, 295
Thurcytel de Neufmarché, 72
Thurstan, abbot of Ely, 300
Thurstan, abbot of Glastonbury, 399
Thurstan Goz, revolt of, 78
—— Richard, son of, 78, 97
Tillières, 76-78, 117, 123
Title to English crown, 149-153, 232, 233
Tochi (Tokig), son of Outi, 169, 238
Tokig of Wallingford, 348
Tostig, earl of Northumbria, 9, 57-60, 109, 171-179, 319
Tours, schools of, 41
Trade, 53, 65, 109
Treaty of 1054, 116, 117, 130
Truce of God, 36, 380
Tyne, river, 176, 350
U
Ulfketil, abbot of Crowland, 290
Units of assessment, 467-469, 471, 472, 474, 475
Urse d’Abetot, 333, 423, 424
V
Val-es-dunes, battle of, 79, 80, 84, 85, 380
Valognes, 82, 87, 101
Valois, House of, 368
537—— see Simon, Ralf, counts of.
Value of manors in Domesday, 480-482
Varaville, battle of, 37, 122, 123, 149
Vermandois, county of, 27
Vernon, castle of, 82, 86
Vexin Français, 68, 129, 131, 167
Vire, estuary of, 83
Vulgrin, bishop of Le Mans, 167
W
Walcher of Lorraine, 351
—— bishop of Durham, 324
—— earl of Northumbria, 342, 343
—— murder of, 352, 416
Waleran, brother of Guy, count of Ponthieu, 115
Waleran, count of Meulan, 75
Wales, 432
—— expedition into, 353, 354
Wallingford, 220
Walter Giffard, 102, 167, 408
Walter de Lacy, 333
Walter of Mantes, 129, 131, 135, 368
Walter Tirel, 170
Waltham, minster of, 207
Waltheof, earl of Huntingdon, 60, 231, 261, 295, 302, 345, 414
—— submits at Barking, 234
—— accompanies William to Normandy, 244
—— joins Danish attack on York, 273, 274
—— submits by the Tees, 282
—— created earl of Northumbria, 325
—— disaffection of (1075), 329-332
—— condemnation and execution, 336-340
538Warwick, 264
—— earldom of, 167
Watling Street, 13, 420
Wearmouth, 321
Wedmore, treaty of, 25
Westminster, 157, 251, 287, 364
—— abbey of, 225, 260, 261
—— charters relating to, 229, 230
Wharfe, river, 176, 177
Wight, Isle of, 54, 172, 356, 366
Wigod of Wallingford, 169
William, duke of Aquitaine, 119
William, count of Arques, 70, 71, 96
—— revolt of, 101-105
William Busac, 96
—— revolt of, 99, 100
William, count of Eu, 70
William, count of Evreux, 314
William of Jumièges, chronicler, 65, 69, 381
William Malet, 269, 275
William of Malmesbury, historian, 382
William de Montgomery, 72
William, count of Mortain, 97-99
William de Moulins, 314
William I. (Longsword), duke of Normandy, 27, 28
William II., duke of Normandy and king of England, 4, 5, 7, 9, 25, 37, 40, 48, 56; birth of, 63, 64; recognised as heir of Normandy, 70, 71; minority of, 72-80; ward of King Henry I., 73, 74; in war of Tillières, 76-80; suppresses revolt of 1047, 80-88; besieges Brionne, 85, 86; supports Henry I. against Geoffrey Martel, 90; captures Domfront and Alençon, 91-95; banishes William, count of Mortain, 97-99; 539suppresses revolt of William Busac, 99, 100; suppresses revolt of William of Arques, 101-105; marries Matilda of Flanders, 105-110; resists invasion of 1054, 110-117; concludes peace with King Henry I., 116, 117; founds Breteuil, 117; engages in war of Ambrières, 118-120; founds Roche-Mabille, 120; defeats invasion of 1058, 120-123; wins battle of Varaville, 122, 123; receives commendation of Herbert II. of Maine, 118, 130; invasion and conquest of Maine, 132-135; takes possession of Le Mans, 133, 134; illness of, 136, 137; engages in Breton campaign of 1064, 137-139; relief of Dol and siege of Dinan, 139, 140; position of, at close of 1064, 140-142; first visit to England, 146; claim to English throne, 150-152; receives oath from Harold, earl of Wessex, 153-157; negotiations with foreign powers, 160; submits his cause to the pope, 161-163; gathers an army, 164, 165, 168; and fleet, 165-168; demands fulfilment of Harold’s oath, 170; receives Earl Tostig, 172; preparations for the invasion of England, 180, 181; delayed at the Dive estuary, 182, 183; at St. Valery, 183, 184; voyage to England, 185; lands at Pevensey, 185, 186; builds castles at Pevensey and Hastings, 187, 188; devastations in Sussex, 188; receives a message from Harold, 189, 190; 540battle of Hastings, 195-206; generalship of, 197, 198; moves out of Hastings to the English position, 199; details of battle, 200-206; causes Harold’s burial on the shore of Hastings, 207; takes quarters at Hastings, 211; march on London, 215-219; burns Southwark, 219, 220; crosses Thames at Wallingford, 220; receives submission of English leaders, 221, 222; receives offer of the crown, 222, 223; dealings with “Esegar” the Staller, 224, 225; coronation, 225, 226; builds Tower of London, 227; extent of his authority 1066–7, 230, 231; at Barking, 227, 233, 234; grants charter to citizens of London, 240, 241; visits Normandy, 241, 243-246; return, 246; suppresses revolt of Exeter, 253-257; progress in Cornwall, 259, 260; at Westminster for Matilda’s coronation, 260; northern campaign of 1068, 262-266; receives submission of Malcolm III., 265, 266; appoints Robert de Comines earl of Northumbria, 267; second visit to York, 269; in forest of Dean, 272; march on Lindsey, 275, 276; at Stafford, 276, 277; at Nottingham, 278; at Pontefract, 278, 279; harrying of Northumbria, 279-281, 286, 287; Christmas feast at York, 282; march to the Tees and return to York, 282, 283; march to Chester, 283-285; agreement with Earl Asbiorn, 285; campaign of Ely, 297-299; relations with Robert the Frisian, 306, 307; 541suppression of Mancel rising, 312, 313; campaign of La Flèche, 313, 314; concludes peace of Blanchelande, 314-317; relations with Malcolm III., 317-323; treaty of Abernethy, 323; creation of earldom of Richmond, 324; dealings with Edgar the Etheling, 325-327; relations with, and condemnation of, Earl Waltheof, 336-340; engages in Breton war of 1076, 341, 342; last phase of reign, its character, 344, 345; relations with Robert, 345, 346, 348-350; campaign of Gerberoi, 347, 348; movements during 1080, 351; expedition into Wales, 353, 354; arrest of Odo of Bayeux, 355-358; death of Queen Matilda, 358, 359; campaign of St. Suzanne, 359-361; prepares for a Scandinavian invasion, 363, 364; takes Oath of Salisbury, 364-366; last departure from England, 366; campaign of Mantes, 368, 369; mortal injury of, 369; illness of, 370-373; disposition of inheritance, 371; release of prisoners, 372; death, 373; burial, 374, 375; ecclesiastical ideas of, 376-378, 381; reform of English church, 388-402; relations with the Curia, 402, 403; administrative changes introduced by,—see under castles, Commune Concilium, Curia Regis, earldoms, fyrd, knight service, private jurisdiction, sheriffs, writs; 542orders taking of Domesday Inquest, 457
William II., king of England, 219, 233, 369, 371
William fitz Osbern, earl of Hereford, 93, 117, 230, 231, 261, 269, 287, 328, 414, 425-427, 433, 492
—— contributes to fleet, 166
—— regent of England, 243, 246, 415
—— death, 306
William Peverel, 451
William of Poitiers, biographer, 90, 381
William, archbishop of Rouen, 403, 404
William de Warenne, 243, 397
Wimund, commander of Moulins, 105
Winchelsea, 251
Winchester, 218, 219, 254, 260, 269, 277, 282, 337, 364, 419
Witanagemot, 17, 20
—— nature of, 410-414
Woodstock (Oxfordshire), 420
Worcestershire, 333, 426
Writs, the king’s, 168, 254, 420, 421
—— early Anglo-Norman, 227-231
Wulf, son of King Harold, 372
Wulfnoth, son of Earl Godwine, 212, 372
Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester, 230, 333, 391
Wulfwig, bishop of Dorchester, 232
Wyce, valley of, 354
Y
York, 49, 171, 177, 190, 191, 252, 254, 262-265, 268, 269, 273-275, 279, 282-285
—— church of, 335, 385
—— kingdom of, 7
543
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Transcriptions of Genealogy Tables
Transcription of Table A
THE DUCAL HOUSE OF NORMANDY
TABLE A
1‘Rollo’ 11William I. 111Richard I. 1111Richard II. m. Judith of Brittany 11111Richard III. 111111Nicholas, abbot of St Ouen 11112Robert I. 111121William II. 1111211Robert II. 111122Adeliz→(Table C) 11113Adeliz m. Reginal, count of Burgundian Palatinate 111131Guy of Brionne 11114Malger, archbishop of Rouen 11115William, count of Arques 1112Robert, archbishop of Rouen 11121Ralf de Wacy 1113Malger count of Mortain 11131 William ‘the Warling’ 1114William, count of Eu 11141Robert, count of Eu 11142William, ‘Busac’ 11143Hugh, bishop of Lisieux 1115Mahaut = Odo II of Blois 1116Emma = Ethelred II. 11161Alfred the Etheling 11162Edward the Confessor 1117Hawise = Geoffrey I. of Brittany →(Table B)
Transcription of Table B
The Counts of Brittany
TABLE B
1Geoffrey I. †1008 = Hawise of Normandy 11Alan III. †1040 111Conan II. o. s. p. 1066 112Geoffrey ‘Grenonat’ (claimant 1075) 113Hawise = Hoel, count of Cornouaille †1084 1131Alan Fergent = Constance of Normandy †1119 12Éon, count of Penthièvre. †1079 121Brian, earl of Richmond 122Alan, earl of Richmond
Transcription of Table C
The Descendents of Arlette
TABLE C
1Arlette m. Robert of Normandy 11William 12Adeliz m. Enguerrand, count of Ponthieu 121Adeliz m. Eudes, count of Champagne 1211Stephen, count of Aumâl (claimant for England, 1095) 122Judith m. Waltheof, earl of Northampton 1221Maud m David I. king of Scots m. Herlwin de Conteville 13Odo, bishop of Bayeux 14Robert, count of Mortain 15Muriel
Transcription of Table D
The Counts of Maine
TABLE D
1Hugh II. 11Hugh III. 111Herbert I. ‘Eveille-chien’ †1035 1111Hugh IV. †1051 11111Herbert II. †1063 11112Gersendis m. Azo, marquis of Liguria 111121Hugh (claimant in 1073) 11113Margaret (betrothed to Robert of Normandy) 11114Paula m. John de la Flèche 1112Biota = Walter of Mantes count of the Vexin Français 12'Herbert ‘Baccon’ (regent of Maine, 1036–1040)
Transcription of Table E
The Counts of Vexin
TABLE E
1Walter II. 11Drogo m. Goda, d. of Ethelred II. 111Walter III. o.s.p. 1063 m. Biota of Maine 112Ralf, earl of Hereford 12Ralf II., count of Valois 121Ralf III., count of Valois and the Vexin 1211Simon de Crepy o.s.p.
Transcription of Table F
The Succession in 1066
TABLE F
1Richard I. of Normandy 11Richard II. 12Emma m. Cnut 31
2Ethelred II. m. (1) Ælfgifu 21Edmund Ironside 211Edward the Etheling 2111Edgar the Etheling m. (2) Emma (12) 22Edward the Confessor
3Swegn Forkbeard 31Cnut m. Emma {12} 32Estrith m. Ulf, viceroy of Norway (41) 321Swegn Estrithson
4Thorgils Sprakalegg 41Ulf, viceroy of Norway m. Estrith(32) 42Gytha m. Godwin 421Harold II.
Transcription of Table G
The Counts of Flanders
TABLE G
1Baldwin IV. †1036 11Baldwin V. †1067 m. Adela of France 111Baldwin VI. m. Richildis, heiress of Hainault 1111Arnulf (inherited Flanders) 1112Baldwin (inherited Hainault) 112Robert ‘le Frison’ †1093 m. Gertrude, widow of Florence I. count of Holland 1121Robert II. †1111 11211Baldwin VII. †1119 1122Adela m. Cnut, king of Denmark 11221Charles ‘le Bon’ †1127 113Matilde = William duke of Normandy 1131Robert duke of Normandy 11311William (claimant in 1127) 12Judith m. Tostig earl of Northumbria
Transcription of Table H
The Earls of Northumbria
TABLE H
1Uhtred, earl of Northumbria †1016 m. (1) Ecgfryth 11Ealdred, earl of Bernicia, †circ. 1038 111Ealdred, earl of Bernicia †circ. 1038 1111Ealdgyth m. Ligulf, (favourite of Bishop Walcher) †1080 → 1112Ælflœd m. Siward, earl of Northumbria †1055 11121Waltheof, earl of Bernicia Huntingdon → 12Eadwulf, earl of Bernicia †1041 121Oswulf, earl of Bernicia †1067 13Gospatric †1064 m. Ælfgifu, daughter of Ethelred II. 14Ealdgyth m. (1) Duncan (22) 141Malcolm III. king of Scots 1057–1093 → m. (2) Maldred (21) 141Gospatric, earl of Bernicia 1067–1068 1069–1072 →
2Crinan, lay abbot of Dunkeld 21Maldred 22Duncan, king of Scots †1040
Transcriber’s Note
The original cover has been enhanced to include the title, author, and date of publication, and is, so altered, placed in the public domain.
There are a number of editorial oversights wherein external and internal page references are left blank. Where the references could be found, they have been supplied.
87.27 on Waltheof’s case below, page [338.] Supplied.
116.31 See note, page [112] above. Supplied.
136.31 See the table on page [506] Supplied.
The missing page references to De la Borderie’s Histoire de Bretagne on pp. 138 (footnote 89), and 139 (footnote 90) could not be resolved. Nor could the reference to a prior quotation of William of Malmesbury be definitely made (p. 414). These are noted in this text as [missing].
The list of illusatrations includes a reference at p. x.13 to the image of a coin on p. 406, but no image was included in the text.
Footnote 260, on p. 339, had no reference in the text. One has been added at the most likely point in the narrative, given the context.
Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original.
24.14 the orig[i]nal settlers of Normandy Inserted.
26.26 the [enemity] of all his fellow-nobles Obsolete.
40.15 the influence of the g[r]eat Cluniac movement Inserted.
72.20 the s[ei/ie]ge of Montgomery Castle Transposed.
76.13 to see two of Wil[l]iam’s unlucky guardians Inserted.
79.17 inflict gratuit[i]ous injury Removed.
81.30 The B[a/e]ssin and Cotentin Replaced.
129.30 which was de[s]cribed in the last chapter Inserted.
267.16 appointing a No[r]man baron Inserted.
327.18 in peaceable posses[s]ion Inserted.
338.1 the mo[ton/not] of his imprisonment Transposed.
339.7 based his accou[n]t Inserted.
424.21 upon his ag[g]ressive course as sheriff Inserted.
441.4 [“]infangenethef” is the right of trying Inserted.
441.36 a great baron cert[ia/ai]nly Transposed.
455.1 on a level w[i]th the Norman Inserted.
458.6 for the details of government[.] Added.
505.34 Clun[i/y], abbey of, 379 Replaced.