INDEX

No effort is made in this index to refer to the complete details of treatment of the principal marks, for the treatment of such marks is almost continuous throughout the book. The table of contents will make up, in some measure, for this deficiency.

References are to pages.

Abbreviations and miscellany, 194.

Accordingly, 96.

Address, abbreviations in forms of, 169; forms of, in a letter, 194.

Adjective in natural position, 10; two or more before a noun, 147.

Adverb out of natural position takes a comma or commas, 10.

Afterthought, 42.

Again, 102.

Alford, Dean, 152.

Although, 96.

A. M., P. M., how written, 196.

And, in a series, 21; between two quoted groups of words, 62; between like-formed coördinate groups, 103; preceded by a comma, a semicolon, a colon, or a period, 107.

Apparent and real relations, 10.

Appositives, 44.

Apostrophe, the, 201.

As, 171, 172.

Atlantic Monthly, vi.

Avenue, street and, how written in an address, 198.

Because, 94, 96, 97.

Bible, examples of punctuation in the Common and Revised Versions, 59, 70;

punctuation of Bible references, 199.

Bigelow, Marshall T., vii, 75.

Brackets and parentheses, 185.

Bro., Bros., and Co., 195.

But, a colon before; the extent of the but relation, 18, 60.

Capital letters mark main divisions, 164.

Century Dictionary, its use of a colon, 173.

Co., Company, 195.

Colon, meaning of word, 16; follows formal introduction of matter, 63; indicates an amplification, expansion, or contrast, 67; its differentiation from other marks, 107; follows closing marks of quotation, 183; conventional uses of, 169; improperly used after a verb, 170; in Bible references, 199.

Comma, meaning of word, 16; a disjunctive, 7; after adverb out of natural position, 10; before “and” in a series, 21; differentiation from other marks shown diagrammatically, 107; differentiation from semicolon, 121; differentiation of commas from dashes and parentheses, 131; differentiation from parentheses, 136; precedes closing marks of quotation, 183.

Compound words, 203.

Conventional uses of marks, 163.

D, preferable to “nd” or “rd” with the day of the month, 197.

Dash, meaning of, 74; some uses of, 74; with comma, 80; a rule for its use, 85; a paragraph-mark, 87; differentiation of dashes from commas and parentheses, 131; differentiation from parentheses, 137; indicates an ellipsis, 175.

De Vinne, Theodore L., vii, 74, 75, 153, 167, 172, 194.

Double object takes no mark, 147.

Doubtful modifiers, 150.

Dr., 194.

E. g., 201.

Either—or, 104.

Ellipsis, 175.

End-marks characterize sentences, 2.

Esq., 194.

Etc., proper mark before, 20; preferable to &c., 201.

Exclamation-point, 174.

Explanatory and restrictive terms, 30.

Ex-officio, 207.

Figures, how punctuated, 14; use of Arabic in enumerations, 164; conventional uses of, 196; not to begin a sentence, 199.

Firm or corporation names, 195.

First, second, when, now, because, etc., 94.

Foot-notes, 199.

For and but relations, 57.

Format of books, 201.

For relation, the, 56.

Fortunately, 100.

Garrison, Phillips, vi, 131.

Gray’s Elegy, a sentence from, 83.

Grouping by commas, semicolons, and colons, 17.

Grouping the fundamental purpose of punctuation, 14.

Held, followed by a comma or a dash, 93.

Hence, 96.

Hon., 194.

However, 96.

I.e., punctuation of, 171; sometimes in italics, 201; generally written out, 201.

In conclusion, 101, 102.

Intermediate restrictive groups, 152.

Interrogation-point, 174.

Italics, a conventional use of, 141.

Jr. and Sr., 194.

Legal phraseology, 150.

Letters, capital, place in enumerations of, 164.

Letter, the salutatory phrase of, 169.

Like, 10.

“Manual for Writers,” a, 145.

Marks, conventional uses of, 163.

Mark of punctuation, a disjunctive, a sign-brand, 4.

Marks, the function of, and how performed, 1; the names of the principal, 15; the relative values of, 16; miscellaneous uses of, 147.

M., Mme., Mlle., 194.

Mr., Mrs., Messrs., 194.

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, 24.

Myself, I myself, 148.

Namely, 171, 172, 173.

Neither—nor, 104.

No, 102, 106.

Not—but, 157.

Now, an adverb or an expletive, 12, 13, 94, 100.

Number, a, beginning a sentence, should be expressed in words, 199.

Numbers, how punctuated, 14.

O and oh, 159.

Only, improperly used, 98.

Open and close punctuation, 208.

Or, and, their relations, 44.

Or, comma before, 41; between groups not coördinate, 110.

Parentheses, meaning of, 30, 132; a modified parenthesis, 30; how used by some writers, 41; differentiated from commas and dashes, 131; how differentiated from commas, 136; when used to enclose enumerating letters and figures, 166; brackets and parentheses, 185; punctuation within, 183.

Per cent, how written, 201.

Period, meaning and relative value of, 16; differentiation from other marks, 107; conventional uses of, 164; precedes the closing marks of quotation, 183.

Perhaps, 95.

Punctuation, grouping the fundamental purpose of, 14; by reason and convention, 15, 91.

Quotation-marks, 177.

Resolved, how printed and punctuated, 202.

Restrictive and non-restrictive groups, 38.

Restrictive groups, intermediate, 152.

Restrictive terms, explanatory and, 30.

Rev., 194.

Riverside Press, The, viii, 168, 194.

Roman capital numerals, use of in enumerations, 164.

Salutatory phrase, the, 169.

Semicolon, meaning of the word, 16; grouping by, 19; grouping by semicolon and colon, 50; differentiation from other marks, 107; three conventional uses of, 171; follows the closing marks of quotation, 183.

Sentences, declarative, interrogative, and exclamatory, how punctuated, 2.

Series, comma before the final “and” in a, 21.

Sic, in brackets, its meaning, 187.

Sr., 194.

St., 194.

Stage directions, 187.

Stars, 175, 176, 201.

St., its position when used with the day of the month, 197.

Street and avenue, how written in an address, 198.

Street numbers, how punctuated, 14.

Subject, a “long,” followed by a comma, 148; ending in verb, 149.

Syllabus, a, treatment of headings in, 165.

Teall, F. Horace, vii, 40, 98, 135, 136, 148, 170.

Temperature, 196.

That is, 171, 172.

That, preceded by a comma, 93.

Thence, 96.

Therefore, 96.

Th, its position when used with the day of the month, 197.

Th, st, and d, position when used with the day of the month, 197.

Time of day, how expressed, 168, 169, 196.

Title-page, how punctuated. 164, 169.

Tomorrow, 100.

To wit, 171, 172.

University of Chicago Press, Manuals of, viii, 25, 145, 194.

Viz., 171, 172, 201.

Vocatives, 45.

Vs., often in italics; generally printed in full, 201.

Wendell, Professor, 82.

When, 94, 99, 100.

Where, 99.

Whereas—resolved, 202.

Wherefore, 96.

Wilson, John, vii, 40, 56, 75, 94, 98, 135, 145, 155, 157, 171.

Yes, 102, 106.

Yet, 96.

&, “short and,” 195.

&c., sometimes used for etc.