Note 114 — Front matter (continued 7)

(page page 349).—During the battle of Wisconsin Heights, a large party of non-combatants in Black Hawk’s party, composed mainly of women, children, and old men, were sent down the Wisconsin River on a large raft and in canoes borrowed from the Winnebagoes. A detachment of regulars, sent out from Fort Crawford, fired into this party and killed and captured many. The few who could escape to the woods were afterward massacred by the band of Menomonee Indians of whom Mrs. Kinzie speaks; the contingent had been organized in the neighborhood of Green Bay, by Colonel Samuel C. Stambaugh, former Indian agent. This was the only exploit in which Stambaugh’s expedition participated, for the war was practically ended before it arrived on the scene of action.