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Useful Knowledge: Volume 1. Minerals

Note 21 — PREFACE.

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Oxygen, like caloric, is a fluid never found in an uncombined state. It forms one of the component parts of the air that we breathe, and of the water we drink; but it approaches nearest to a state of purity in combination with caloric (18), when it has the name of oxygen gas. It was formerly called vital air, because 11no breathing animal can live for a moment in any air or gas which has not in it a mixture of oxygen; every kind of combustible burns with great splendour in it, and without it ceases to burn. It unites with a great number of substances, and changes both their appearance and properties in a very remarkable manner. Of the metals it entirely destroys the metallic lustre, and gives them an earthy form and texture. Substances in this state have the name of oxides.

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