Part 1 — Chapter 2 The Formative Years

Unless otherwise noted, the material in this chapter is derived from: MajGen Edward G. Lansdale, USAF (Ret.), In the Midst of Wars: An American’s Mission To Southeast Asia (New York: Harper & Row, 1972), hereafter Lansdale, In the Midst of Wars; George McTurnam Kahin and John W. Lewis, The United States in Vietnam (New York: Dell Publishing Co., Inc., 1967), hereafter Kahin and Lewis, The U.S. In Vietnam; Joseph Buttinger, Vietnam: A Dragon Embattled, 2 vols (New York: Praeger, 1967), Vol. II, Vietnam at War, hereafter Buttinger, Vietnam: A Dragon Embattled, v. II; Robert Scigliano, South Vietnam: Nation Under Stress (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1963), hereafter Scigliano, South Vietnam: Nation Under Stress; Fall, Two Viet-Nams; Pike, Viet Cong; Gravel Edition, Pentagon Papers, vs. I & II; Vietnam Histories Comment File, Hist&MusDiv, HQMC, hereafter Vietnam Comment File; U.S. Marine Activities in RVN, 1954–1964 Project Interview Folder Hist&MusDiv, HQMC, hereafter 1954–1964 Project Interview Folder.

Origins of U.S. Marine Assistance

Unless otherwise noted, the material in this section is derived from: Bernard B. Fall, Street Without Joy: Indochina At War, 1946–1954, (Harrisburg, Pa.: The Stackpole Company, 1961), hereafter Fall, Street Without Joy; Col Victor J. Croizat, USMC (Ret.), “Vietnamese Naval Forces: Origin of the Species,” USNI Proceedings, v. 99, no. 2 (Feb73), pp. 48–58, hereafter Croizat, “Vietnamese Naval Forces”; Col Victor J. Croizat, USMC (Ret.), intvw by Hist&MusDiv, HQMC, dtd 10–11 Feb70 (OralHistColl, Hist&MusDiv, HQMC), hereafter Croizat Interview; Col Victor J. Croizat, USMC (Ret.), Comments and supporting materials on Draft MS, Jack Shulimson, “U.S. Marines in Vietnam,” pt. 1 (Vietnam Comment File), hereafter Croizat Comments and Supporting Materials; Col Victor J. Croizat, USMC (Ret.), Comments on Draft MS, Capt Robert Whitlow, “U.S. Marine Activities in Vietnam, 1954–1964” (Vietnam Comment File), hereafter Croizat Comments On Whitlow MS; Col James T. Breckinridge, USMC, Comments on Draft MS, Capt Robert Whitlow, “U.S. Marine Activities In Vietnam, 1954–1964” (Vietnam Comment File), hereafter Breckinridge Comments; MajGen William B. Fulton, USA (Ret.), Riverine Operations (Washington, D.C.: Department of The Army, 1973), hereafter Fulton, Riverine Operations; Croizat, A Translation From The French Lessons.

Political Stabilization and its Effects

Unless otherwise noted, the material in this section is derived from: Buttinger, Vietnam; A Dragon Embattled, v. II; Gravel Edition, Pentagon Papers, v. I; Fall, Two Viet-nams; Robert Shaplen, The Lost Revolution (New York: Harper, 1965); Kahin and Lewis, The U.S. In Vietnam; Lansdale, In The Midst of Wars.