TEXTS⁠[128] (continued 4)

One of these brothers slept too much and became lazy. In olden times people went hunting with dogs. The six went hunting and camped in a house near a mountain. Afterward they went away from the youngest. One night while he was sleeping they went away from him hunting, because he was lazy. They went away to find out what he could do. They camped away from him for two nights. Meanwhile he slept very soundly. He dreamed that a man came to him and said, “I come to help you. Come down here by the salmon creek and vomit.” Immediately he went down to the creek and vomited four times. While he was vomiting, he vomited up a salmon bone. “This is what makes you lazy,” he said to him. “This is what you are eating all the time, the salmon people’s toilet sticks. This is what makes you lazy.” The one that helped him was the being of the mountain. The mountain being said, “Come with me this evening.” Immediately he went with him. When they got far up, the doors into the mountain were all opened. Then he went down with him inside. There were rooms inside of the mountain for all things. In the first were grizzly bears, in the next black bears, in the next mountain sheep. All things were inside.

356-10Yuʟēˊkǃ One ỵᴀtīˊỵîỵa there was wuckikǃîỵêˊn [of the] brothers tā-ᴀłîtsǃᴀˊx slept too much qa and udzîkaˊ. came to be lazy. Tcǃākᵘ In olden times tsǃᴀs only kēʟ dogs tîn with ᴀt things āˊwuadēn. they went after. Aʟǃūˊn Hunting ʟeducūˊnᴀx-hᴀs six of them wuāˊt, went, aʟǃūˊn hunting cācuhîˊtî a house by a mountain ỵīdeˊ. to. ᴀtxaweˊ After it yūˊkîkǃîa the youngest dog̣ōˊt away from him awaāˊt. they went. ᴀʟǃūˊn Hunting tcǃu right tāˊỵê, while he was sleeping ʟēqǃ one [night] dog̣ōˊt away from him qūwaxeˊ they stayed yuuskaīˊtcayu. because he was lazy. Ādêˊn g̣oskēˊt yaỵîˊs They wanted to find out what he could do ᴀtcayuˊ this is why dug̣ōˊt away from him āwaāˊt. they went. Dᴀˊxa Two [nights] dunᴀˊq away from qoxēˊ. him they camped. ʟaỵigayeˊdetēx Then he slept tcǃayuˊ very sutāˊỵeayu. soundly was. Ye Thus adjūˊn he dreamed qa a man doxᴀˊnt to him uwaguˊt. came. ʟe Then ye thus aciaˊosîqā, he said to him, “Îīg̣aˊaya “For you it is xᴀt I wusuˊ.” come to help.” ᴀtxaweˊ After that ye thus ᴀciaˊosîqā, it said to him, “He “Here ỵêg̣êˊna come down xāt salmon hīˊnî creek yāxqǃ by xān with me ỵēq down here a come āˊng̣ēłqo.” [and] vomit.” Tcǃᴀ Right away ᴀqǃ to it aỵᴀˊxawe like it yuhīˊn the creek yāxqǃ by îłqoˊ vomited daqǃūˊndahēn. four times. Wuʟ̣îqōˊ He vomited āg̣āˊawetsa while ke up aoʟ̣îqōˊ he vomited yuxāˊt a salmon 357-5sǃāg̣eˊ. bone. “Aayaˊ “This ᴀt thing uwāˊtx causing īdjîkaỵîˊ you to be lazy ᴀˊtaỵa.” is the thing.” Ye Thus ᴀcdāˊỵaqa, he said to him, “Tcǃᴀ “This ʟᴀkᵘ is what ānᴀtixaˊ, you always xāt the salmon qoaˊnî tribes’ tcǃîˊtǃaỵi. toilet sticks. Ayaˊ This ᴀt-uwâˊtxaỵa thing causing idzîkaˊ.” you to be lazy.” Xᴀtc This cāt-wuqoaˊnî mountain being ᴀˊseyu was ᴀcīˊg̣a to him wūsūˊ. helped. “Dex̣āˊnaya “This evening xān with me gᴀˊge accompanying āt,” come,” yuacaˊosîqa said to him yūˊcāt-wuqoaˊnî. the mountain being. Tcǃayᴀˊxawe So right away ān with it wuāˊt. he went. Yudîkīˊqǃ Way up to that ke up hᴀs they āˊdawe got when yūˊca the mountain tuheˊde into cułaᴀˊt were all open yuqǃaxāˊt. the doors. ʟe Then aỵideˊawe down into it 357-10ᴀcīˊn with him nēł inside ūˊwaᴀt. he went. Aitqǃeˊ Rooms aqodᴀxsîteˊ there were yucātūˊqǃ inside the mountain cukᴀˊt a-īˊt. for everything. X̣ūtsǃ Grizzly bears aỵîˊ inside it hūˊa one was for aỵîˊn the next adeˊ to it sǃīk, black bear, aỵîˊn in the next adeˊ to it djêˊnwu. mountain sheep. Łdakᴀˊt-ᴀt All things aỵīˊ inside it hoaˊ. were.

After they had stayed away two days his brothers came back for him. Their brother was not there, and they felt very sorry. They thought that he was dead. Then they floated down, laying the blame on one another. When they reached home there were other people in the town. These were the Teˊqoedî who had come up from Prince of Wales island to the south.

Dēx Two [days] hᴀs they uxeˊ stayed āˊqo after which hᴀs they wudiᴀˊt came to him duxōˊnqǃê his friends xō among hᴀs. them. ʟe Then gwâˊỵᴀła was not there hᴀsdukīˊkǃ. their brother. Āʟēˊn Very for it tūwunūˊgᵘ. they felt sorry. Hᴀs They āˊwatǃe thought ʟe then wunaˊ dead yūs-ūwadjîˊ. he was. ʟe Then dāk down hᴀs they wułîx̣āˊc. started floating. Wudjkaˊ On one another hᴀs they ᴀt things kᴀs-hēˊx. laid. Hᴀs They qōgāˊqgūtx got home qo-ūˊsaỵa people being aỵēˊỵati were in yūˊān. the town. Xᴀtc These Teqoeˊdî the Teqoeˊdî ᴀˊsîyu were ᴀt thither wusîdᴀˊq came up îx̣kīˊdᴀx from below (=south) Tān-yêtǃᴀˊq Prince of Wales island dᴀx. from.

The mountain being told the man he had taken how he could find the holes of grizzly bears in winter. Whatever he wished was killed for him inside of the mountain. While he was there winter began to come on. Then spring was coming. [The being] said to him, “Be careful not to use green fern roots for they are my things. If you are not careful about it you will kill nothing. Watch for the green fern roots. They grow wherever there are grizzly bears. The green fern roots will be found growing below. You will kill more things than your brothers. To-morrow you go away. I will give you my canoe which is here. In it you will float out among your friends.” What he called one night was a whole month. Months kept on and on for him, however. His mind began to be troubled on account of it.

Aˊᴀcukudjēˊsǃ This mountain being yug̣îˊʟtu into the cliff ᴀˊdî there ye thus ᴀcdāˊỵaqa told him x̣ūtsǃ grizzly bear ᴀtaˊỵᴀ hole kēkg̣etīˊn how he could see 358-5tākqǃᵘ. in winter. Tcǃᴀ dāˊsᴀ Whatever āx from it qǃaˊodînuq he wished doqǃēˊs for him dudjᴀˊq was killed yūˊg̣êʟǃ the mountain tūqǃ. inside of. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already tākᵘ winter yē so cunᴀcxêˊn it began to be ag̣aˊ it is ayēˊỵᴀtiỵia. while he was. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already qoˊxde back kaˊodîha. started to be spring. “Yūˊtǃᴀtǃ “Be careful qǃwᴀn now g̣ᴀłag̣āˊs not to use kǃwᴀłx green fern roots ᴀx-ᴀˊtî my things aweˊ,” because they are,” yūᴀciaˊ-osîqa. he said osîqa. to him. “ᴀkēˊk “About it g̣êłag̣āˊs be careful not to use tsǃu also ʟēł not ỵitīˊỵa you are yᴀx like ᴀt thing g̣ag̣edjāˊq you will kill ᴀt thing īcīˊnî. if you touch. Āg̣aˊ For it kêk for g̣etīˊsǃ look out wekǃwᴀˊłx. the green fern root. Dewaˊ Wherever x̣ūtsǃ grizzly bear kᴀtcusǃīˊk is ᴀt there āỵêˊsawe for it 358-10āˊyᴀx like it g̣ogwatīˊ. will be. Āˊya This g̣aỵāˊqǃ below yᴀx like g̣ogwatīˊ will lie wekǃwᴀˊłx. the green fern root. Ỵīhuˊnxō-hᴀs Your brothers yāˊnᴀx more than ᴀt things g̣ag̣edjāˊq. you will kill. Seg̣ᴀˊn To-morrow kᴀx away îāˊt. you go. Yūˊdu ᴀ In here ᴀxyāˊgu my canoe itkᴀˊ is idjīˊdê to you qᵘqwᴀtāˊn. I will give. Îxōˊnqǃî Your friends xodêˊ among ān with it dāk out êg̣oˊxłax̣āc.” you will float.” Dîs Month kawukīˊsǃî was a whole one ᴀˊsiyu there was ʟēqǃ one tāt night yūˊawasa. he called it. Hūtc [For] him qoˊa however dêˊsgiỵā guwaxeˊ. nights kept on and on. Dutūwuˊ His feelings ỵakᴀˊndax̣îʟǃ. began to be troubled on account of this.

By and by they began to make things ready for him. They dried all kinds of things for him. Then he started away. [The being] said to him, “It is well that you come now and see my canoe which you are going to take among your friends.” He took him thither. It looked like a grizzly bear. What was there about it like a canoe? “The things you see inside are this canoe’s food. When it is hungry it will always look back. If you do not give it anything it will eat you. It gets hungry quickly,” said the mountain being. “Go on now.”

Wānanīˊsawe At once duīˊg̣a for him ᴀt things gᴀxdułx̣ūˊn. they started to make ready. Łdakᴀˊt-yēˊde-ᴀˊdawe All kinds of things duīˊn with him kᴀdułnēˊsǃ they dried to take dudjīỵîˊs. for him. ʟe Then ayᴀˊxawe from them tcǃuʟeˊ then ᴀt wux̣ūˊn. he started. “Kǃe “Good g̣ᴀstīˊn you see yūˊᴀxyāguˊ my canoe yuxōˊnqǃî your friends xōdêˊ among ān with you gᴀg̣eqoˊx.” you are going to take.” Adeˊ There ᴀcūwaguˊt. he took him. X̣ūˊtsǃỵᴀ Grizzly bear yᴀˊxayu like was kaỵax̣ᴀˊt. it looked. Gūsuˊ Where was it yuyāˊkx a canoe ᴀxsᴀnēˊgî. it looked like? “We-iyāˊguwu “The canoe’s 359-5wusᴀˊgwaỵa food is yūˊnēł inside of that ayuˊ what cāˊwahîk. is full of. Duīˊt To him yān hunger wuhaỵīˊawe when there is qox back ᴀqgwᴀłg̣êˊntc. he will always look. Ł Not doqǃēˊx his mouth ᴀt thing īˊtexe you give qoˊa however tcawaaˊ ig̣oxsaxāˊ. he will eat you up. Yān Hungry ᴀsînūˊk he gets ʟaweˊ,” quickly,” cāt the mountain wuqoaˊnitcawe being ye thus aosîqaˊ, said. “Nᴀˊgᵘ dêˊ.” “Go on now.”

It went down the river. They had loaded the canoe with mountain-sheep’s fat and all kinds of fat. There came a time when it acted as he had said. It started to turn back. When it began to swim around quickly he gave it one whole mountain sheep. Already he was close to his home. When it started ashore with him in front of the town he began to feed it so that it would not kill any person. His friends ran down opposite him. They saw their friend who had been long lost. It came ashore with him a short distance from the town. When he got close to the shore he took his canoe up quickly, and it became a stone. Where it had turned around the river became crooked. They called it River-the-stone-canoe-came-down-through.

ʟe Then hīˊnîỵîq down the river uwaguˊt. it went. ʟe So aỵīˊyên inside of it ᴀt things kaˊoduʟ̣îga they loaded into yūˊyākᵘ the canoe djêˊnwu mountain sheep’s kᴀgedîˊ fat łdakᴀˊt all kinds of yēˊdî. fat. Tāˊi tcǃaweˊ sǃatīˊtc There came a time adeˊ there kᴀˊnîk-ỵa he said yᴀxaweˊ like it 359-10yatîˊ. it was. ᴀt Then ỵaˊodzia starting hîˊnxokᴀt in the water qox back ỵāˊwusaỵēˊawe when it started to swim ʟe then āˊdak around wucīˊx̣tc it turned quickly ʟe then ʟēqǃ one djêˊnwūksᴀdūˊgawe whole mountain sheep ᴀqǃēˊx to it ᴀnᴀtīˊtc. he gave always. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already doānîˊ his home ỵākunasēˊn. he was getting close to. Āneg̣aỵāˊnᴀxawe In front of the town x̣ᴀkᵘkāˊwuho when it began to swim ᴀcīˊn with him x̣ᴀkᵘkāˊkên when it began to go nahēˊnî at the shore aweˊ it was ᴀqǃēˊx ᴀt tīx he began to feed it Łīngîˊt person udjāˊqga. lest it might kill. Dutǃāˊdê Back of him ᴀt then kaˊodowaᴀt ran down duxōˊnqǃî. his friends. Tcǃākᵘ Long time ago qodudzîgīˊdî came to be lost hᴀsduxōˊnî their friend yêt hᴀs they ỵāˊwᴀdᴀ. saw. Ān Town cᴀkᴀˊqǃawe a short distance from ān with it dāk ashore uwaᴀˊt. he came. Weduyāˊgu His canoe ʟe then ān town dāq ashore naᴀˊtî he got close to aweˊtsa just as ctātx up nᴀnakaˊodzîx̣īx̣. he took it quickly. Xᴀtc This te stone ᴀsiyuˊ. was. Ādeˊ Where qox around ỵᴀseˊtcyᴀ it turned ayᴀˊxawe like it kaodzîtᴀˊqǃ came to be crooked yuhīˊn. the river. Ye Thus dowasāˊkᵘ they called it Tāˊỵākᵘtc-ỵîx-wugūˊdî-hīn. Stone-canoe-down-came-[through]-river.

Then the man who used to sleep so much was ready to hunt. The man that had been lazy always went by himself. Just at the head of Kâckǃ is a glacier. There is a cottonwood tree standing there, rather old inside. When it is going to be stormy a noise is heard inside of this. Then people do not cross that glacier. When no noise can be heard inside then they go up across. The youngest killed more things than his brothers. He always took around bow and arrows with him. They are called dīnaˊ. They all went in one canoe up to this glacier where was the seals’ home. When they came up there, plenty of seals were around that place. There were plenty of grizzly bears and mountain sheep alongside of the glacier. The youngest would say to those with him, “There is a bear hole up there.” Then they made a hunting house in one place. They took the canoe far up. After that a large piece of ice fell and raised a swell that carried their canoe off. They were in want of provisions. Their food was quickly gone. This happened in the Snow-shoveling moon (November). It was always blowing so that they could not get home. There was a cliff at that place. Already two months had passed over them. They could not see a canoe coming from any place, and they were living by the skill of the man whom the mountain being had saved.

Yên There uwanīˊ the man was weqāˊ all ready gusūˊwu for hunting taᴀłtsǃᴀˊxe. who used to sleep so much. Qa Man uskāˊỵê that was lazy ʟēˊnᴀxdê alone 360-5wuckēˊt by himself wudagūˊttc. went always. Kâckǃ Kâckǃ cᴀkᴀˊ at the head of āỵēˊỵᴀtî is sîtǃ a glacier ᴀtuwᴀˊnnᴀxnācuˊ [stands] rather old inside of it yudoˊq a cottonwood tree tūx inside ayuˊ there sîteˊ. is. ᴀtuˊ Inside of it ye thus aỵag̣oˊxdatīỵî when it is going to be stormy ᴀtūˊdî inside of it duᴀˊx. [a noise] is heard. ʟēł Not ᴀkᴀˊnᴀx across it dāq up uᴀˊttc. they ever go. ʟᴀx Very ła not tūˊdê inside qōłkǃwᴀˊngî can hear any noise aweˊtsa it is as if ᴀkᴀˊnᴀx across it dāq up a ᴀˊttc. they always go. Dohuˊnxō-hᴀs His brothers yāˊnᴀx more than ayuˊ were ᴀt things uwadjᴀˊq. he killed. Tcūˊnet Bow and arrows ᴀt ye ᴀnᴀsnīˊtc. he always took around with him. Dīnaˊ Dīnaˊ yūˊdowasakᵘ. [the bow and arrows] are called. Tāˊg̣awe ᴀtāˊk Up at the glacier tsa seal’s anîˊ home dê to 360-10yāˊkᵘỵī inside of one canoe hᴀs they wuāˊt. went. Tcǃuʟeˊ Then dūcūˊnᴀx hᴀs plenty of them wēˊtsa the seals aˊỵê were dāt around to unaỵēˊqǃawe that place ke up hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. X̣ūtsǃ Grizzly bear djêˊnwu [and] mountain sheep acaỵᴀdîhēˊn were plenty of wesîˊtǃ the glacier wᴀntuˊ. alongside of. ʟe Then ye thus ỵanᴀsqēˊtc, he said, “Hîtîkināˊqǃ “A bear hole qōˊta-sǃīk is up there duīˊn” with him” ayeˊ so ỵᴀnᴀsqēˊtc. he said. ʟe Then ỵatīˊỵîỵa in one place aweˊ it was cācuˊ hunting hîˊtî house hᴀs they aołiyᴀˊx. made. Hᴀsduyāˊgu Their canoe dāqedāˊq far up hᴀs they āˊwatᴀn. took. Awēˊt And when yux̣āˊʟ a large piece of ice yax from it ᴀcᴀgᴀˊti came down ān with it dāk up qǃaodiyᴀˊq. came and took canoe away. ᴀqǃᵘłāˊkᵘden In want of provisions hᴀs they wūˊnî. were. Hᴀsduwūˊwu Their food hᴀsduqǃaxᴀˊnt belonging to them cuwax̣īˊx̣. was quickly gone. Qoqahāˊ-dîˊsỵadayu Snow-shoveling moon it was in ye so hᴀs they wūnîˊ. got. ʟᴀkᵘ Always waỵaodîtiˊ, it was blowing ʟēł [so that] not adeˊ to it hᴀsduaˊnî their home hᴀs they awungaʟ̣āˊgayᴀ. could get. G̣êʟǃx Cliff sîtîˊ there was yuaỵeˊ that hᴀs they wunîˊỵiỵᴀ. got like. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already dēx dîs two months hᴀsduīˊk on them kāˊwakîsǃ. were finished. Gūtx From anywhere yākᵘ canoe hᴀs they 361-5ᴀg̣âˊqsîtīn. could see. Tcaweˊ It was qākāˊqǃawe on the man hᴀs they wutêˊ lived (were) wecāˊt the mountain wuqoaˊnitc being wusnēˊxê. had saved.

When they became discouraged they made steps across the glacier. In one place was a precipice, and they had a hard struggle. They left one of their brothers in front of the cliff. He had become dizzy. So they left him. They came among trees after they had left him. He suffered very much from the cold. They, however, came upon a red-cedar house. They used a fire drill. Already it smoked. Then the fire came quickly out of the red cedar, and they sat by the fire without food. Day came without their brother having died.

Ciêˊx About themselves hᴀs they tāxt were dahāˊ discouraged aweˊ when yūˊsîtǃ the glacier yᴀx across hᴀs they qeˊya made kaodzîtǃᴀˊqǃ. steps. ʟe yatīˊỵiỵa aaweˊ In one place hᴀs they doqǃanawudāˊq found a precipice ᴀdawūˊʟ ỵes aosîˊnî. and they had a hard struggle. ʟēqǃ One ᴀtīˊỵia there was [of them] hᴀsduhuˊnx their brother ag̣ōˊt away from him hᴀs they wuāˊt went yūˊg̣îʟ the cliff yᴀqǃ. in front of. Ākāwałîˊk. He became dizzy. ʟe Then 361-10anᴀˊq from him hᴀs they wuāˊt. went. Āsqǃ The trees cūˊỵīt among hᴀs they ūˊwaᴀt came anᴀˊq. from him. ᴀqǃaweˊ There āt he tcianādjᴀˊq. suffered very much from cold. Hᴀs They qoˊa however łax red cedar hît house akᴀˊx upon it hᴀs they wuāt. came. Hᴀs They āˊwatuł. used a fire-drill. Desgwᴀˊtc Already yāndusǃᴀˊq. it smoked. ʟe Then dāˊk out ỵaosîx̣īˊx̣ came quickly yūˊłax the red cedar tūˊnᴀx from into yūˊqǃān. the fire. Hūtcǃ Ended yuwūwūˊ the food tsǃᴀs only yuqǃāˊnawe the fire ᴀgūˊkt by it ᴀqēˊn. sat. Lēł Not āt there djudjāˊq died yuhᴀsduhuˊnx their brother kᴀx qeˊwaa. but it got daylight.

Now they made fun of their youngest brother. “Where is the being that helped you? Didn’t you say that you could kill anything?” Then he became angry at the way they talked about him. He started off aimlessly. When he started he did just as the mountain being had directed him. Then he saw their white dog that used to go everywhere with them. He saw the little dog running up. He looked toward it. He saw that a mountain sheep was holed in there for the winter. Before he could believe it he heard the little dog bark. The mountain sheep had very large horns. He ran his spear into it just once and killed it. Not knowing what he should do, he squeezed himself in beside it. He cut open the animal, which was very large. This was the mother of the bears. He cut off only the fat from around its stomach. It was of the thickness of two fingers. Then he ran down to his brothers with it. That made them feel lively and drove away all their hunger. Then they brought down all of the parts. After they had brought everything down into the house they started back to hunt for their brother, but the wolf people had taken him. When the canoe that was hunting for them came outside they did not have much food left. They let their brother go, for they could not find him. They started to the town, and they got home. Then they stayed right where they were because something was always happening to them.

Hᴀs They ᴀkāˊwacūq made fun of yuhᴀsdukīˊkǃ. their younger brother. “Gusūˊwu “Where is ỵīg̣āˊt for you wusūˊwu helped a. is. ʟēł Not ỵîqǃeˊ ułqǃēỵīn did you say ᴀt any thing wudjāˊq.” you could kill.” Hᴀsduqǃwaiˊyēt The way they talked to him kǃānt angry uwanuˊk. he got about it. Tcǃᴀkug̣eˊỵî Aimlessly yēˊdî off ᴀt wux̣ū’n. he started. Ỵāgᴀgūˊt When he started away qotīˊsǃ did tcayuˊ just as catuqāˊwutc the mountain being adêˊ there daỵaqāỵîỵaˊ had told him yᴀˊxawe like it qōwanūˊkᵘ. he did. Āweˊ And then aosîtīˊn he saw hᴀsdukēˊʟ̣î their dog 362-5ʟ̣ēt white yᴀx like hᴀs they iteˊ had hᴀsduīˊn with them wuckēˊt around wudiᴀˊt. used to go. Yūˊkǃeʟkǃ The little dog aosîtēˊn he saw kînda toward ke up nacīˊx̣î. running. ᴀt To it aoʟ̣îg̣êˊn. he looked. Aosîtēˊn He saw ᴀqǃ there qōˊdᴀt holed in a djêˊnwu a mountain sheep ᴀsiyuˊ was. Łᴀkǃ Before wuhīˊnî aweˊ he could believe it tsǃᴀs only adēˊ there saˊoduwaᴀx. he heard it bark. Adeˊ There ᴀcaˊ on its head ye thus kᵘdîʟaˊ were very large ᴀcedîˊ its horns yudjêˊnwu. the mountain sheep. ʟēˊqǃawe Just once ᴀtūˊdî into it aosîgūˊ he ran wetsag̣ᴀˊʟǃ. the spear. ʟe Then ᴀc it ūwadjᴀˊq. killed it. ʟēł Not adeˊ what ūˊnᴀx with it sîˊniiỵa, he should do, atǃᴀˊxkᴀnᴀˊx beside it nēł in ckaˊoʟ̣îqǃîqǃ. he squeezed himself. 362-10ᴀt Thing ʟēn large ayuˊ was ᴀx open ᴀkaołîx̣ᴀˊc. he cut. Xᴀtc This yetsīˊnet-ʟa mother of the bears ᴀsîyuˊ. it was. Tsǃᴀs Only weaỵîˊkîawe the fat around the stomach ᴀcūˊtx from around awałîx̣ᴀˊc. he cut off. Dēx ʟeł Two fingers yᴀxyᴀˊx like kᴀsîkāˊk. it was thick as. Ān With it dāk out wudjîx̣īˊx̣ he ran dohōˊnxō-hᴀs his brothers xᴀˊndî. to. ᴀkāˊtxawe It was that qᴀgeˊwatsīn. made them feel very lively. ʟeckāˊx Away hᴀs they at wuʟ̣ikêˊʟǃ. drove hunger. Łdakᴀˊta All ᴀt things (=parts) hᴀs they ᴀkāˊwadjêł. brought down. Yuhîˊt The house ỵīt down into yuʟ̣īˊīātxaweˊ after they took everything qox back hᴀs they qaodîciˊ started to hunt hᴀsduhuˊnxō their brother g̣a. for. G̣ōtc Wolf qoaˊnî people ᴀˊsiyu were ᴀc him wusîˊnēx. saved. De Now ʟēł not ugeỵīˊawe was very much hᴀsduwūˊwu their food hᴀˊsdu them yā for uwaqoˊx came hᴀˊsduỵîgaˊ outside of them qociỵîˊ. came hunting. Hᴀs They aołîʟīˊt let go hᴀsduhuˊnx. their brother. Ayeteˊx They hᴀs qowucîˊ. could not find him. Āndeˊa To the town hᴀs they wuāˊt. went. ʟe ānt hᴀs Then home they uwaqoˊx. came. Hᴀsduīˊn With them ʟeyēˊqǃde right there yē thus hᴀs they wuqīˊtc stayed ʟᴀkᵘ always uxqēˊs-ninīˊdjayu. because things were happenning to them.

Afterward they started down in this direction with their brother-in-law, whose name was Heavy-wings. They started this way and came out here. He had a daughter. They came to Kᴀstaxēˊxda. Their daughter was grown up, but no man had ever seen her. Then they were going to Auk, but could not reach it on account of a storm. Heavy-wings had many nephews. They had some eulachon grease inside a sea-lion stomach, which they would throw on the fire whenever they made one. After that they said something to anger the north wind. On account of the north wind they had already been there for two months, and the food in the sea-lion’s stomach that they thought would never be used up, was quickly consumed. Already only half of a piece of dried fish was left and the north wind was still blowing hard. They had already consumed everything. One night, when they went to bed, they could not sleep for thinking about their condition, but toward morning all except Heavy-wings fell asleep. When he at last fell asleep he dreamed a man came to him. It was a fine-looking man that came to him. It was North Wind that he dreamed of. [The man] said to him, “Give me your daughter. Then you will see the place you are bound for.” But he did not believe his dream. In the morning he said, “One does not follow the directions of a dream.” His wife, however, said, “It is not right to disbelieve what the dream says.” His wife was angry with him. She said, “Why then did you tell your dream to me? This is why I am talking to you so.” Next morning they went down to dig clams, but his nephews kept very silent as if they were thinking about themselves. When they were about to go to bed their fire was heard.⁠[165] Four days later he dreamed North Man came to him again. “Give me your daughter quickly if you want to see the place whither you are bound.” In the morning he said to his wife, “Had I not better obey my dream?” and he said to his nephew, “Go outside and shout, ‘I give my daughter to you.’”

363-5ᴀtxaweˊ After that yāˊdê this way hᴀs some tūˊwate started to come hᴀsdukāˊnî their brother-in-law tîn. with. Kîtcîłdᴀˊłqǃ Heavy-wings yūˊdowasakᵘ was named hᴀsdukāˊnî their brother-in-law ʟe then yāˊdê over this way hᴀs they wukoˊ. started. ʟeyāˊq There dāk out hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Cāˊwᴀt Female ỵêt child āˊwa-u, he had, Kᴀstaxēˊxda-ānt to Kᴀstaxēˊxda town hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Hᴀˊsduỵêˊtkǃo Their daughter koyēˊkułîg̣e. was large. ʟēł Not qā a man ye so ustīˊntc. had seen her ever. Āˊkǃᵘde To Auk ayuˊ it was ỵāsnaqoˊx. they were going. Ā There hᴀs they ỵāˊwasîk could not get ākêˊnqǃ. on account of a storm. Doqēˊłkǃî -hᴀs His nephews qodzîteˊ were many Kîtcîłdᴀˊłqǃ. Heavy-wings. Tān Sea lion 363-10yuwuỵîˊqǃ in the stomach yeˊỵatî was sāk-exēˊ eulachon grease ʟacūˊt completed hᴀs they awudaagêˊ made the fire, gᴀnᴀłkaˊt on the fire hᴀs ax they from ōg̣ēˊqtc. always threw. ᴀx After it hᴀs they kǃᴀnakōʟ̣îg̣ᴀˊt said something to anger yux̣ūˊn. the north wind. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already dēx dîs two months āỵeˊs for it ỵᴀtiˊ was yux̣ūˊn the north wind tǃēqǃ. on account of. A The thing hᴀs they tāła x̣āˊdjî thought never would be all gone yūˊtān the sea lion yuwuˊ stomach hᴀs they aosîkǃîˊtǃ. consumed quickly. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already ᴀtqǃēˊcî piece of dried fish kîˊkî half ᴀt tīˊndjᴀ was left ʟak aỵaˊodite was still blowing hard yux̣ūˊn. the north wind. Dēsgwᴀˊtc Already cg̣axᴀˊnx with themselves hᴀs they ᴀt things ỵaodzîxaˊ. came to consume Ayuˊ That yūˊtāt night hᴀs they xᴀqǃᵘ went to bed ʟēł not ciˊaỵide for thinking about themselves hᴀs they wudaxēqǃᵘ. could sleep. Wānanīˊsawe And then qeakādeˊawe toward morning tādj asleep uwadjᴀˊq they fell Kîtcîłdᴀˊłqǃ Heavy-wings, qoˊa. however. Tādj Asleep wudjag̣ēˊawe when he fell ye thus awadjūˊn he dreamed ᴀcxᴀˊnt to him uwaguˊt came yuqāˊ. a man. Ag̣ᴀqaˊ A fine-looking man ᴀcxᴀˊnt to him uwaguˊt. came. Yux̣ūˊntuwuˊ ᴀsiyuˊ It was the north wind 364-5ye so ỵawadjūˊn. he dreamed of. “Îsīˊ “Your daughter ᴀxdjīˊt to me djîtᴀˊn,” give,” yuᴀcdāˊỵᴀqᴀ. he said to him. “Ag̣aˊ “If so adeˊ to it āˊni place qox going to ỵaỵēkg̣êsatīˊn.” you are going to see.” ʟēł Not ᴀqguhīˊn he believed yu-adeˊ-ᴀdjūˊn-ya. what he dreamed. Qenaaˊ In the morning ye thus qǃaỵaqaˊ, he said, “ʟēł “Not adeˊ as djūn a dream qǃa directs (lit. voice) yᴀˊx like yuckuˊ-kᴀʟ̣înīˊgîˊỵa.” one goes.” Ducᴀˊttc His wife ye thus dāˊỵaqa, said to him. “ʟēł “Not ayᴀˊxawe is right qǃaỵiqaˊ ayᴀˊxsatî kᴀt djūn.” to disbelieve what the dream says.” Ducᴀˊt His wife aqǃakaocîkǃᴀn was angry with yuqāˊtc. the man. “Hadāˊt “What sᴀˊkᵘsawes for then xān to me you kīnīˊk tell 364-10idjūˊnî? your dream? ᴀˊtcawe This is why ʟᴀkᵘ like that idāˊt to you qǃaxâˊtᴀn.” I am talking.” Qēˊnaa Next morning hᴀˊsdu them eg̣ayaˊỵîk down below hᴀs they qowacîˊ went g̣āʟǃ clams kāˊha. to dig. Duqēˊłkǃ-hᴀs His nephews qoˊa however uhaˊ dug kaodîg̣āˊʟǃ. just as if they were thinking about themselves. Hᴀs [When] they gᵘgwaxēˊqǃuawe were about to go to bed hᴀsdugᴀˊnî their fire duāˊx̣ was heard. Daqǃūˊn Four [days] uxīˊawe after tsǃu again āˊwadjūn he dreamed wex̣ūˊn-qāˊayu the North man it was ᴀcxᴀˊnt to him uwaguˊt. came. “Îsīˊ “Your daughter ᴀxdjīˊt to me djîtᴀˊn give quickly āgaˊ if ādeˊ where yānîˊqoxỵᴀ you are going yēqg̣êsatīˊn.” you shall see.” Ducᴀˊt His wife ye so adāˊỵaqa he told to yuqēˊnaa. in the morning “Adeˊ “What ᴀxᴀdjūˊnî my dream ᴀˊxdê to me yên then ckᴀkᴀsỵāỵîˊ.” had I not better obey?” Duqēˊłkǃ His nephew ye thus aỵaˊosîqa, he said to, “Yux tǃāˊnīsīqǃ “Go outside and shout îdjīˊt to you qāˊdjî person wuxâˊtᴀn,” I give,” yūˊyênᴀqᴀ. he said to him.

Then the North Wind came to his daughter. “It is well that I marry you,” he said to her, and he slept with her. She was willing to cohabit with him. Then he did so, and it became calm. So they started off. Afterward the woman told her mother about it. “A fine man keeps coming to me.” They started to cross the bay. Then this fine man came to her again. Cruor eius defluebat e rostro in puppim, de qua depletus est. Undae, ubi effusus erat, semper clarae erant. Now they came ashore. This is why people keep saying to one another, “Did you give your daughter to North Wind that you are not afraid of all the weather in the world?” He came ashore and stayed among the people.

Dusīˊ His daughter xᴀnt to uwaguˊt, it came, “Yukǃeˊ “It is well kᴀcaˊ,” I marry you,” yūˊᴀciaosîqa. he said to her. ʟ Then ᴀcīˊn with her 365-5wuxēˊqǃ. he slept. ᴀdjîgāˊc kaodjînuˊk. She was willing to cohabit. ʟᴀ Then ʟāˊgᴀc cohabited wusîˊnî. he did. ʟe Then kaˊoduwayēʟǃ. it became calm. ʟē And hᴀs they ᴀt wux̣ūˊn. started off. ʟe Then duʟaˊ her mother tîn to akāˊwanîk told about it wecāˊwᴀttc. the woman. “Āg̣aˊ “Always qǃāˊqǃayu a fine man ᴀxxᴀˊnx to me gut.” comes.” Āˊgude Across [the bay] dāk out yaˊoʟ̣îᴀt. they started to go. Yᴀqǃāˊqǃawe This fine man tsǃu again ᴀcxᴀˊnt to her uwaguˊt. came. Cᴀkāˊnᴀxawe From the bow cî blood hadeˊ into the stern kᴀnāˊda came agīˊknᴀx out of which kᴀduskūˊx. it was bailed. Hīˊndê In the water āˊyᴀx just where kᴀdusxēˊxỵa they poured it in ʟe then kaˊoduwayēʟǃ. it always got clear. ᴀˊnᴀx Ashore 365-10yên there hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. ᴀtcaweˊ This is why ye thus ᴀt g̣adułkūˊwun people always say to each other “Djīˊdᴀgî “Did you give kādjîỵatᴀˊn your daughter to the wind Łīngîˊt-āˊnî łᴀkīłx̣ēˊʟǃ?” that you are not afraid of all the weather in the world?” ᴀt To it uwaqoˊx he came aᴀˊq there qoaˊnxō among the people ᴀqǃ at it ye so wuteˊ. was.

That winter the people going for firewood went away forever. When they were gone, Heavy-wing’s wife’s labret broke and he went after one. He went along the shore. He kept chopping into things to find the hard part of the tree. Then he saw a woman digging far down on the beach. She had a child on her back. He said, “Some one might think I was fooling with her.” When he came up close to her, he saw that she was not a woman such as he had been in the habit of seeing. It was the ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq that he saw. The mussel shells that she threw up always fitted together.

Tākᵘ Winter tākᵘdjīỵīˊnawe when it was toward gᴀˊng̣a after firewood naadîˊ going naᴀˊttc. always went. A-iteˊawe At that time ducᴀˊtdjîỵîs for his wife ducᴀˊt his wife’s qǃēntāˊqǃaỵî labret kāwawᴀˊʟǃ broke a-iteỵîˊs for āx łayeˊx after one dawawugūˊt. he went. Aˊawe Then nīdjx along the shore wuguˊt. he went. Łdakᴀˊt-ᴀt All things ke up ᴀłxuˊtǃtc he chopped always g̣ᴀqᵘ the hard part of the tree sîtīˊỵi was ᴀt kᴀqǃ. for it. Akᴀgēˊt Way down on it aosîtīˊn he saw yucāˊwᴀt a woman yuēˊqǃ the beach qokdahaˊ. was digging on. Ỵêtkǃᵒ A child dudᴀˊqǃ on her back kā on wuaˊ. she had. “Dukᴀgēˊ xᴀt nᴀxdudjîˊ,” “Some one might think I was fooling with her,” yūˊỵāwaqa. he said. ᴀxᴀˊnde To her ỵāg̣āgūˊdawe when he came up closer ʟēł not cāˊwᴀt woman ūˊwatcǃayu such as aỵᴀtīˊnîa he had been in habit of seeing g̣onᴀyāˊdaỵakāˊx̣ᴀt. it was like. Xᴀtc This 366-5ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq ᴀsiyuˊ was aosîtīˊn. he saw. Naqǃa-iteˊ ỵadudᴀˊqǃdê ag̣ēˊtc Always fitted together that she threw up weyāˊk the mussel nūˊqǃu. shells.

Then he went out after her to the place where she was digging. Without thinking of anything else he ran to her and caught her. His hands passed right through her body. He chased her and seized her again. Again his hands passed through her. When he got close up to the trees he remembered his earrings. He threw them away. Afterward he chased her once more. He seized the child on her back, and she immediately began to cry out. She scratched him in the face. She made great marks upon him. When he caught her he said within himself, “May I be a rich man. May all the children that come after me catch you.” But he made a mistake in speaking, for he said, “Let me burst open with riches.” After he had chased her a short distance up into the woods she sat down in front of him. There the woman defecated. When she got up there was only foam to be seen. Her excrement was very long and white. Then he took the foam and put it into a piece of paper. He made a box for the foam. The scabs from his face were called Medicine-to-rub-on-the-body (Dā-nākᵘ), and he gave it to those of his brothers-in-law who loved him. Although anything he had was very little it grew to be much, and he became a rich man.

ʟe Then dāk out ᴀkāˊwaᴀt he went [after her] yūˊ-ᴀt-kaodzîkīˊtiyēˊdî. where she was digging things. ʟēł Not yu-ᴀkāˊwudjî thinking about anything else axᴀˊndê to her yagacīˊxawe he ran ᴀkasᴀˊnqǃ her āwacāˊt. he caught. Tsǃᴀs Right atūˊnᴀx through her ỵāˊwadjêł. [his hands] went. Yāayêˊnᴀs He chased her again nᴀq āwacāˊt. [and] caught her. Tsǃu Again ᴀtūˊnᴀx through her ỵāwadjêˊł. [his hands] went. De Just āsdjîseỵīˊde as close to the trees ỵānacīˊx̣îawe he was running 366-10ᴀkāˊ there dāk seˊwaha he remembered duguˊk-kᴀdjāˊcî. his earrings. Guˊkdᴀx From his ears yūˊde away akaˊodîg̣êtc. he threw them. ᴀdᴀˊxawe After that aỵaˊosînāq. he chased her. Awacāˊt He caught akᴀˊqǃ on her [back] yūaỵêˊdî her child ag̣aweˊtsa as soon as kaˊodîg̣āx started to cry out wēˊcāwᴀt. the woman. Gᴀˊxᵘde In the face ᴀc him ỵawacāt. she scratched. A-iteˊ On him kaołisîˊʟǃ. she made great marks. Cūˊqǃwa At that time ᴀgacāˊt when he caught her ye so awuʟ̣îxēˊsǃ he said within himself “Anqāˊwox “A rich man xᴀt me nᴀxsatiˊ be qǃwᴀn. let. Łdakᴀˊt All ỵēˊdê” children,” ᴀłxēˊsǃ, he said, “tcǃu “still axiteˊ after me ỵᴀˊditc come tsǃu also ig̣āˊxłacāt” will catch you” aweˊ but qâq wrong dāq ỵāˊwaqa. he said it. Tsǃᴀs Only ye thus aoduʟ̣ixēˊsǃ he said qâq, wrongly, “Dāqx xᴀt “Let me burst kᴀxłanāˊłx open with riches” qǃwᴀn.” (imp.). Yūˊdage dāq aỵaāˊt When he had chased her a little way up into the woods ᴀˊcu kaˊodjiqāk. in front of him she sat down. Xᴀtc There awaʟǃîˊʟǃ defecated ᴀsiyuˊ did yucāˊwᴀt. the woman. Ax From it g̣ᴀdagūˊt when she got up xēł foam ᴀt there satīˊn. was seen. Yîkᵘłiyāˊtǃ Was very long dohāˊʟǃî her excrement 367-5ᴀsiyuˊ was ʟ̣ēt white yᴀx like ỵatîˊ. was. ʟe Then ᴀt something tūˊdê into ye thus aosînêˊ he took yūˊxēł the foam kuqǃ paper tūqǃ into aỵiˊ inside of it ye thus āˊwa-u. he put. Yūˊxēł The foam ᴀdāˊka for it qōkᵘ box ʟe then aołiyᴀˊx. he made. Dā-nākᵘ Medicine to rub on his body yūˊduwasakᵘ was called yūduyaqǃēˊtcî. the [scabs] from his face. ᴀc sîxᴀˊnea Who loved him dokāˊnîdjīˊdawe to his brothers-in-law ucāˊttc. he gave it. Tcǃa ye gug̣aikǃeˊ-ᴀˊtawe Though it was a little thing ʟe then aʟēˊnx wusîteˊ. it grew to be large. Āʟēˊn Very ānqāˊwux become rich man wusîteˊ. he did.

Toward the end of winter he started for Yakutat. Before he reached home they went ashore. The sun was shining. He had his things taken outside. Then he wanted to sleep, and he lay down beside them. By and by some children ran against them and the pile fell on top of him. A copper plate cut through his stomach, and it was all laid open. His sister’s son, named Xᴀtgāwēˊt, was with him. Right there he burned his uncle’s body. He gathered together his bones and all of his uncle’s property, and he took his uncle’s bones to Yakutat. The same thing happened to his nephew. He also seized the ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq. He caught her when going for an ax handle. But he handled the ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq better than his uncle. He became richer than his uncle had been.⁠[166]

367-10Tākᵘ iteˊ After winter [was beginning to go] Yākᵘdāˊtdê to Yakutat ᴀt wux̣ūˊn. he set out for. ʟēł Not aỵā wuʟ̣āq he got to doāˊnî, his home, yᴀx afterward dāq ashore hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Aodîgāˊn. It was sunshiny. Gāˊniyux Outside ᴀkāˊwadjêł he took doᴀˊtî. his things. Duīˊt To him yetāˊwaha. was desire to sleep. ᴀtaỵīˊqǃ Under it yên there cwudzîtaˊ. he laid himself. ᴀt Some ỵᴀˊtqǃî children ᴀtǃēˊniqǃ against it łuwag̣uˊq. ran. Dukādêˊ On top of him dāk over kaodzîkoˊq. it fell. Doqǃōˊʟǃ His stomach tūˊnᴀx through aỵaodîg̣ēˊtc went yutîˊnna. a copper. Wuʟ̣îkaˊʟǃe All opened yêˊxayu like it ỵᴀˊtî. it was. Duʟ̣āˊkǃ His sister ỵᴀˊtî her son doxᴀˊnî with him yeˊỵati. was. Duqēˊłkǃ His nephew Xᴀtgāwēˊt Xᴀtgāwēˊt yūˊdowasākᵘ. was named. Tcǃa Right ᴀqǃ there ke up aosîgᴀˊn he burned dukāˊk. his uncle. ᴀsǃāg̣êˊ His bones aỵāˊwaxa he took qᴀ and łdakᴀˊt all dukāˊk ᴀˊdî. his uncle’s property. Yākᵘdāˊt Yakutat ỵāˊwaxa he took to dukāˊk his uncle’s sǃāˊgê. bones. ʟēł Not agowᴀnāˊdî different from him wutiˊ was duqēˊłkǃ. his nephew. Hūtc He, tsˊu too, aołîcāˊt seized yuʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq. the ʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq. Cînᴀxâˊỵe-sᴀˊkᵘti An ax handle g̣ā for wuˊgudîayuˊ when he went aołîcāˊt. he caught her. Dukāˊk His uncle caỵadāˊxayu better than 368-5ᴀdāˊq about wuguˊt he went yuʟǃêˊnᴀxx̣īˊdᴀq. the ʟǃêˊnᴀxxīˊdᴀq. Dukāˊk His uncle yāˊnᴀx more than ānqāˊwux become rich wusîteˊ. he was.

106. ORIGIN OF A LOW-CASTE NAME⁠[167]

There was a certain village in the north from which the people were fond of going hunting. By and by three men went out, and finally came to the rocks among which they always hunted. After they reached the rocks they saw a little boy. Then they took him aboard, thinking it was strange that he should be there. When they spoke to him he did not reply. After that they came home. They kept him as their friend. Whenever they gave him something to eat he ate nothing. Only after everyone had gone to bed did he eat. Whatever thing he touched would spill on him. He was whimsical and they could do nothing with him. He was also lazy. When he was asked to chop wood he broke all of their stone axes. The axes were then valuable. Then the people who had kept him were very sorry. When he played with the children he hurt them badly. Afterward the people who kept him would have to pay for the injuries. If he made something with a knife he would break it. Right after a skin shirt had been put upon him it was in rags. If shoes were put on his feet they were soon in pieces. He drank a great deal of water. He was a great eater. He was a dirty little fellow. He was a crybaby. If they gave him anything to take to another place he lost it. So he made a great deal of trouble for the people.

ᴀǃēqǃ One ān village ayuˊ that ᴀt there (up north) natīˊ. was. Hᴀs They ᴀkᵘcîtᴀˊn were fond of hunting yūˊān the town qa-ūˊwu. people. Wananīˊsayu One time nᴀsǃginᴀˊx three qā men hᴀs they wuqoˊx went by canoe ᴀt things nᴀtīˊ. after. Wananīˊsayu Finally adeˊỵa ahead of them hᴀs they naqoˊx came to yū-hᴀs-aʟǃūˊnutc-ītcqǃ the they always hunted rocks xō. among. Atxaˊyu After āt to them hᴀs they uwaqoˊx came by canoe yuīˊtcqǃ the rocks xō among daˊsayu where ᴀqǃ at it hᴀs they aosîtīˊn saw ᴀtkǃᴀˊtskǃᵘ. a little boy. adᴀˊx After that yāx aboard hᴀs they aosîgūˊt went with him 369-5tcǃa yet g̣oˊna-ᴀt something strange hᴀs they uwadjīˊ. thought. Adᴀˊxayu After that djag̣êˊg̣a to him ᴀx after it hᴀs they qǃᴀtāˊn. spoke to. ʟēł Not hᴀsduīˊx to them qēˊcgu. he replied. Adᴀˊx After that nēł home hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Hᴀsduxōˊnî Their friend sᴀkᵘ for hᴀs they aosînēˊx. saved him. Adᴀˊxayu After that ᴀqǃēˊx to him hᴀs they ᴀt something tēˊxnutc. always gave to eat. ʟēł Not hᴀˊsdudjīqǃ from them ᴀt anything kūctᴀˊn. he ate. Adᴀˊx After it tsaˊtsǃᴀ everybody ᴀng̣axēˊqǃun when they went to bed tsa then hᴀˊsduyatǃēˊqǃ after them ᴀt things xāˊnutc. he would eat. Adᴀˊx After that tcǃa-dāˊsᴀ whatever ᴀt thing ūwacīˊ he would touch tcǃuʟeˊ then yᴀx kᴀcxêˊnx. would spill on himself. Adᴀˊx After it 369-10tuūˊs ᴀkucitᴀˊn he would get cranky ʟᴀkᵘ when ʟēł not tūcqēˊnutc. was any reason. ʟēł Not yūkduᴀˊqukᵘ. they could do anything with him. Udzikāˊ. He was lazy. Adᴀˊx After that gᴀn wood axōˊtǃ to chop g̣anuguˊn, when he was asked, tcǃuʟeˊ then taỵīˊs stone axes yūaỵaʟǃīˊqǃk. he broke all. Yūˊtaỵīs The stone axes qǃᴀłitsīˊn. were valuable. Adᴀˊx After that yu-ᴀˊc-wusînēˊxe-qoūˊ those people who saved him wāˊsᴀ how hᴀsdutūˊwu their minds nīˊknutc. would be sorry. Adᴀˊx After that yu-ᴀt-ỵᴀˊtqǃî the children tîn with ᴀckułỵᴀˊdî he would be playing, tcǃuʟeˊ then yuqoỵᴀłisǃêˊʟǃk. he would hurt them badly. Adᴀˊx After it yu-ᴀˊc-wusînēˊxe-qoūˊtc the people that saved him tcǃuʟeˊ then koỵᴀsᴀgēˊx. would have to pay for the cuts. Tcǃū Then łîtāˊ knife ān with it ᴀt something łayēˊxe he made tcǃuʟeˊ then yūˊaỵaʟīqǃk. he would break it. Adᴀˊx After that tcǃayeˊsu right dunāˊqǃ on him yen these duēˊtc they put ᴀt some dūguˊ370-5 skin kǃudᴀˊsǃ shirt tcǃuʟeˊ then ᴀˊqg̣asǃêˊʟǃtc. always had in rags. Adᴀˊx Then tīł shoes duqǃōˊsî his feet yen these duēˊtc they had on tcǃuʟeˊ then ᴀˊqg̣asǃêˊʟǃtc. he would always have them in pieces. Hīn Water ᴀˊłitsǃêx. he drank a lot of. Qa And ʟᴀx very yaʟᴀˊqᵘku. he was a great eater. Dunāˊ ᴀt He was a dirty łīˊtcǃêqᵘkᵘ. little fellow. Kᴀdîgᴀˊxkᵘ. He was a crybaby. Yaᴀˊnᴀtîn ᴀt If they gave him anything to take to another place tcǃuʟeˊ then qot ke ᴀg̣îˊqǃtc. he always lost it. Adᴀˊx After it kaxīˊʟǃ qadjiˊ ye aỵaūˊ. he made a lot of trouble for the people.

Then they said of him, “He is really a man of the rocks.” All the town people agreed to take him back to the place where he had been found. After he had been brought in it was very rainy. Then the people who had saved him got into their canoe and carried him back. They put him on the very same rock from which they had taken him. Then they went back. They reached home. The world was now calm. The rain also had ceased. Then the town people were all talking about it. They said to one another, “What could it have been?” and no one knew. Finally the town people said, “Don’t you see it was a rock man’s son?”

Adᴀˊx After it ye thus dūˊwasa, they said of him. “Itckᴀqāˊwo.” “He is really a man of the rocks.” Adᴀˊx After that djîłdakᴀˊt all yūˊāntqenî the town people yē370-10 thus qǃaỵaqaˊ said āˊqox back yêx duxaˊ. to take him. Tcǃu When wudusnēˊxe they saved him dᴀx after tcaʟᴀˊkᵘ very īłdjaˊ qᴀsīˊwu rainy yēˊỵati. it had been. Adᴀˊx After it yūˊqoū the people ᴀc him wusînēˊxe that saved djîłdakᴀˊt all hᴀs -they tsǃu again yūˊyakᵘỵîkx into the canoe hᴀs they wuāˊt went āˊqox back with him hᴀs they aỵāˊwaxa. went. Yūīˊtc The rock tsǃaqōˊnᴀx on the very same ᴀkāˊx from on it hᴀs they āˊwusnuguītc had taken him tsǃu again ᴀkaˊ on it yên there hᴀs they aosinuˊk. put him. Adᴀˊx After it ᴀnᴀˊq from it qox back hᴀs they wudiqoˊx. went. Adᴀˊx After it nēł home hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Yūˊłīngîtanî The world kᴀnduwayēˊʟǃ. was now calm. Yū’siu The rain tsǃu also kāwatā’n. let up. Adᴀˊx After it adaˊ about it yuqǃᴀˊduʟ̣iᴀtk were all talking yūˊan the town qoū’wutc. people. Ye Thus qoqǃāˊỵaqa, they were asking one another, “Dasa’yu,” “What that?” ʟēł [and] not wuduskuˊ. any one knew. Adᴀˊx After it yuan-qoū’wu the town people ye thus hᴀs they qǃāˊỵaqᴀ, said, “ʟēˊgîł “Don’t ỵīˊ-sᴀku you see îtckᴀqāˊwu a rock man’s ỵᴀˊdî son ayuˊ.” it is?”

THE TOBACCO FEAST⁠[168]

If one of the family of the writer’s informant, the Kasqǃagueˊdî, had married a Nanỵaāˊỵî woman and she died, the Nanỵaāˊỵî would invite his people for tobacco. They invited them there to mourn. This feast was different from the pleasure feasts, when dancing and such things took place. The people asked them while the dead body was still lying in the house. Then the other Kasqǃagueˊdî would ask the bereaved man to deliver a speech. The Nanỵaāˊỵî would be very quiet because they were mourning. Then he would rise and speak as follows:

“Yes, yes, my grandfathers, we remember you are mourning. We are not smoking this tobacco for which you have invited us. These long dead uncles of ours and our mothers are the ones who smoke it. Do not mourn, my grandfathers. She is not dead. Her aunts are holding her on their laps. All her father’s brothers are shaking hands with her. Our [dead] chief has come back because he has seen you mourning. Now, however, he has wiped away your tears. That is all.”⁠[169]

(“Aˊa (“Yes, yes, ᴀxłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs my grandfathers, ᴀdāˊt about it hatūˊwatī we remember ỵītūˊła ỵīcāˊnî. you are mourning. Yaayîˊsǃ This [tobacco] haỵīīqǃîsǃēq you have invited us to smoke ʟēł not ohāˊntc we aˊỵatūsǃēˊqs. we are smoking it. Ya-tcǃākǃᵘ-wūˊnāỵî These long dead hakāˊk-hᴀs uncles of ours qa and haʟaˊ-hᴀsdjaỵa our mothers are the ones hᴀs they ᴀsǃēˊqsǃ. smoke it. Łîł Never ỵītūwuˊ your minds unīˊguq let mourn ᴀxłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs. my grandfathers. Łēł Not wūˊna. she is dead. Duāˊt-hᴀstc Her aunts g̣ōc kᴀt îˊsā. have her on their laps. He djᴀˊłdakᴀˊt All dusᴀˊnî-hᴀstc her father’s brothers ᴀdjîˊn hands with her hᴀs372-5 they ᴀłʟ̣ēˊkᵘ. are shaking. Haānqāˊwo Our chief ēq back uwaguˊt has come ỵīkᴀˊx on you ỵītūwunīˊgu you are mourning aosîtīˊn. he has seen. Haỵīdᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, ỵīˊwᴀq-hīˊnî your eye water aołîg̣ōˊ. he has wiped away. Yūᴀˊ.”) That is all.”)

One of those giving the feast would now reply:

“I thank you deeply, deeply for the things you have done to these grandfathers of yours with your words. A person will always take his shell to a dry place.⁠[170] So you have done to this dead of ours. All these, your grandfathers, were as if sick. But now you are good medicine to us. These words of yours have cured us.”

(“Hoˊho (“I thank you deeply, gunᴀłtcīˊc ᴀˊskî. I thank you very much. Yā-îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs These your grandfathers adeˊ to ᴀt things qǃēỵatᴀniỵêˊ. you have done in speech. Hededjᴀˊ It always ye so ỵatīˊ is qā a person dākᴀnūˊqǃu his outside shell uwax̣uˊgu a dry place yex like kᴀdūłx̣īˊt. will take to. Aỵīˊsînî You have done yāˊỵīdᴀt thus wūˊnawuaˊ to this dead ỵa-îłaˊāt. of ours. He tcᴀłdakᴀˊt All these ya-îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs these your grandfathers ỵanīˊkᵘ sick yêx like it hᴀs they tīˊỵīn. were. Haỵidᴀˊt qoˊa But now ākǃeˊ good nākᵘ medicine haqǃēˊx to us ỵītīˊ. you are. Ya-iyaqaỵîˊ These words of yours haosînēˊx.”)373-5 have cured us.”)

Then they would say to the dead woman:

“Get up from your husbands’ path [so that they may pass out].”

(“Hᴀsduqǃᴀnāˊt (“From their way kîdāˊn get up îxōˊxqǃᵘyên.”) your husbands.”)

The spirits of the dead of both phratries are supposed to be smoking while their friends on earth smoke, and they also share the feast. People of the opposite phratry took care of the dead, because it was thought men would be wanting in respect to their opposites if members of their own phratry were invited to do it. For this service the opposites were well paid.

SPEECHES DELIVERED AT A FEAST WHEN A POLE WAS ERECTED FOR THE DEAD⁠[171]

Some morning just at daylight the chief who is about to erect the pole and give the feast, no matter how great a chief he is, passes along in front of the houses of the town, singing mourning songs for the dead. Then the people know what is wrong and feel badly for him. The memorial pole seems to bring every recollection of the dead back to him. Now is the time when the story of Raven is used.

After that the chief stands in a place from which he can be heard all over the village and calls successively for the different families on the opposite side, which in this case we will suppose to be Raven. He mentions the names of the greatest men in the family, always with the family chief’s name first.

Then he will perhaps speak as follows:

“My father’s brothers, my grandfathers, people that I came from, my ancestors, my mother’s grandfathers,⁠[172] years ago they say that this world was without daylight. Then one person knew that there was daylight with Raven-at-head-of-Nass, and went quickly to his daughter. When he was born he cried for the daylight his grandfather had. Then his grandfather gave it to him. At that time his grandchild brought daylight out upon the poor people he had made in the world. He pitied them. This is the way with me. Darkness is upon me. My mind is sick. Therefore I am now begging daylight from you, my grandfathers, my father’s brothers, people I came from, my ancestors, my mother’s grandfathers. Can it be that you will give the daylight to me as Raven-at-head-of-Nass gave it to his grandchild, so that day will dawn upon me?”⁠[173]

(“Āxsᴀˊnî-hᴀs, (“My father’s brothers, ᴀxłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs, my grandfathers, ᴀxdākēˊqǃî, my people I came from, ᴀxdākᴀnūˊqǃu, my ancestors, ᴀxʟaˊ-łīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs, my mother’s grandfathers, he tcǃāˊkᵘ these years ago kᴀdunīˊgîn they told us yaˊłīngît-āˊnî this world kawucg̣ēˊdîn. was without daylight. Adᴀˊx Then ʟēˊnᴀx one qātc man wusikūˊ knew Nās-cᴀki-yēˊłtcīqǃ with Raven-at-head-of-Nass ye so tīỵīỵêˊ was qeˊa. daylight. Adᴀˊxayu Then ᴀsīˊt to his daughter cdjiuʟ̣îhāˊ. he went quickly. Adᴀˊx Then qog̣āstīˊ when he was born yuqēˊᴀ the daylight dułīˊłkǃ his grandfather’s ᴀˊdî things aodzîg̣āˊx.375-5 he cried for. Adᴀˊx Then ᴀcdjīˊt to him wuduwᴀtīˊ it was given dułīˊłkǃᵘtc. [by] his grandfather. He adᴀˊx At this time qᴀnᴀcgîdēˊx were poor sîtīˊỵî people aołîyēˊxê he had made łīˊngît-āˊnî world to into qoaˊnî, people, adᴀˊx then ᴀkāˊ on them kǃēwusîāˊ brought daylight dudᴀtcxᴀˊntc. his grandchild. Icᴀndēˊn Pity ᴀdāˊ for them tuwᴀtīˊ. felt. Hē This ye like xᴀt I ỵᴀtīˊ. am. ᴀxkāˊ On me qokaodjîg̣ēˊt. there is darkness. ᴀˊxtuwu My mind nīkᵘ. is sick. He adᴀˊx ỵīdᴀˊt So this way qoˊa however de now ỵiīˊx from you xoaˊsg̣āx I am begging qēᴀˊ daylight ᴀxłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs, my grandfathers, ᴀxsᴀˊnî-hᴀs, my father’s brothers, ᴀxdākēˊqǃî, my people I came from, ᴀxdākᴀnūˊqǃᵘ, my ancestors, ᴀxʟaˊ-łīˊłkᵘ-hᴀs. my mother’s grandfathers. Heỵidᴀˊt-ūc Can it be ᴀxdjīˊt to me ỵītīˊ you will give yūˊqeᴀ, the daylight, Nās-cᴀkî-yēˊł375-5 Raven-at-head-of-Nass yᴀx as ỵīn g̣ᴀtīˊ he gave to [his grandchild] adᴀˊx so that ᴀxkāˊ on me qêng̣ᴀāˊ?”) will be daylight?”)

Then the five opposite families will say, “Yē kᵘg̣watīˊ” (“We will make it so”).

This speech means that the chief wants the people of those five families—men, women, and children—to come and raise the pole. By “being in the dark” he means that the pole is not raised, and he tells them that they will give him daylight by raising it. After it is raised he says, “You have brought daylight on me” (“Haỵedᴀˊt ᴀxqāˊ qeỵīˊỵî sī āˊ”). After this speech all show the greatest respect to this chief and keep very quiet. They do not allow the children to say anything out of the way.

The evening of the day when the pole is erected they have a dance. At Wrangell the Kîksᴀˊdî, Qāˊtcᴀdî, and Tī hît tān danced on one side and the Kasqǃagueˊdî and Tāłqoeˊdî on the other. The head men of both of these divisions say, “Now we must give a dance for him.” While the dancers prepare themselves in another house, the outsiders assemble in the house to look on. The Raven division that is going to dance last comes in, dressed and painted, and sits down to wait for the others. The giver of the feast sits in the rear of the house with his friends about him. Then the ones that are to dance first come in dancing one by one, all dressed and painted. As soon as they are through, the others walk out, dress again, and enter dancing. Each side has two song leaders, a head song leader and a second song leader, who bear dancing batons.

All this is done only when a chief or one of his family has died, not for a common person, and the first side to dance is that to which the widower, or the widow of the deceased belongs. Sometimes the dance used to go on all winter. Ordinary living houses for the high caste people were put up as monuments for the dead and were viewed as such. In that case no pole was erected to the man’s memory, but his body was placed in the graveyard. This is why they never built a house in old times without feasting.

After this dance the widower, or one of the widow’s family, might rise and speak as follows:

“In the first time took place the flood of Raven-at-head-of-Nass. What the people went through was pitiful. Their uncles’ houses and their uncles’ poles all drifted away. At that time, however, Old-woman-underneath took pity [and made the flood subside]. You were like this while you were mourning. Your uncles’ houses and your uncles’ memorial poles were flooded over. They drifted away from this world. But now your grandfathers make it go down like Old-woman-underneath. Now all of the dead of your grandfathers’ people have gathered your uncles’ houses and your uncles’ memorial poles together. You were as if dying with cold from what had happened to you. Your floor planks, too, were all standing up [from the flood]. But now they have been put down. A fire has been made of the frog-hat, their great emblem, hoping that it will make you warm.”⁠[174]

(“Tcǃū cūˊgū (“At the first time Nās-cᴀkî-ỵēˊł Raven-at-head-of-Nass qīˊsî his flood kᴀnadaˊ. took place. Īcᴀndēˊn It was pitiful yūˊqō the people kāwacūˊ. what they went through. Qā Both kāk-hᴀs their uncles’ hîˊtî houses łdakᴀˊt all yēˊde away łîqōˊ drifted qa and kāk-hᴀs their uncles’ daqēˊdî poles put up for łdakᴀˊt all yēˊdē away łîqōˊ. drifted. He This time adᴀˊx at it, qoaˊ however, yuHaỵicāˊnᴀkǃᵘ Old-woman-underneath īcᴀndēˊn pity kadatūˊwati. felt [and made the flood go down]. Heyeˊ Like this îtīˊỵīn you were îˊtūwu your minds nīˊgutc. were sick. ᴀkᴀˊx Over ka wudāˊỵîn were flooded ikāˊk-hᴀs your uncles’ hîˊtî houses qa and îkāˊk-hᴀs376-5 your uncles’ dakēˊdî. memorial poles. Yałīngîˊt-āˊnî This world kādeˊ away from awuskuˊg̣un. they drifted. Heỵīdᴀˊt So now, qoˊa however, Haỵicāˊnᴀkǃᵘ Old-woman-underneath yêx like wutîˊ are îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs your grandfathers ikāˊỵên make it aołiłāˊ. go down. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoaˊ however, tcǃākᵘ anciently qotx cūwax̣īˊx̣î those destroyed îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs your grandfathers wūckāˊnᴀx together ye so hᴀs they aosîneˊ gathered ikāˊk-hᴀs your uncles’ hîˊtî houses qā and îkāˊk-hᴀs your uncles’ dakēˊdî. memorial poles. Qa And āttc ya-iˊnadjᴀg̣ê you were dying with cold yêˊx like tsǃu also îtīˊỵîn you were înanīˊỵîtc. from this that was done to you. Qa And yūˊinēłỵī your house tǃāˊỵî flooring ānᴀˊx from it ᴀcawuāˊỵîn. was all standing (i. e. floated up). Heyîdᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, ᴀx376-10 from it hᴀs they aỵaˊołiādᴀn. have put them all down right. Qǃanēˊ A fire hᴀs they aosîˊnî have made of x̣îx̣tcǃ frog sǃāx̣ᵘ hat îcūˊqǃu-gîn-łtāˊt from one great emblem hᴀs they awaᴀˊk made kǃuāˊkcîł hoping iwułtǃāˊq.”) it would make you warm.”)

After every sentence the chief to whom is given the speech says, “Hoˊho” (“I thank you from the bottom of my heart”). When they speak of the crest, he says, “Wēˊtǃa qoˊa” (“That’s the one”), meaning that that was the crest he wanted to hear of.

The speaker continues:

“We hope that you will be well warmed, and that you will sleep well on account of what your grandfathers have done for you. This is all.”

(“Gu (“There ākᵘcêdēˊł we hope kǃedēˊn well iwutǃāˊq you will be warmed qā and kǃêdēˊn well nᴀg̣etāˊ you sleep, îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs your grandfathers ādeˊ there îdāˊqǃ for you wuādiỵēˊtc. having done. Aˊa yūˊa.”) This is all.”)

Then the man who is putting up the pole rises and says:

“I thank you, my grandfathers, for your words. It is as if I had been in a great flood. My uncles’ houses and my uncles’ poles went drifting about the world with me. But now your words have made [the flood] go down from me. My uncles’ houses have drifted ashore and have been left at a good place. Through your words my uncles’ poles have drifted ashore at a good place. Your kind words have put down my floor planks. We have been as if we were cold. But now that you have made a fire for us with my grandfathers’ emblem we shall be very warm. Thank you for what you have done. On account of your words we will not mourn any more. This is all.”

(“Gūnᴀłtcīˊcᴀ, (“We thank you, ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs, my grandfathers, īỵaqaỵîˊ ādeˊ your words wutīˊỵiỵê. please me. Tcǃayêˊxawe Just so uwaỵāˊ it was xān with me wułqōˊwu was flooded yêx like tīˊỵîn was yā these ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ hîˊtî, houses, qa and ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ dākedîˊ377-5 poles xān with me łīngît-āˊnî world tūt in wułqōˊwu. were drifting around. Ỵīdᴀˊt qoˊa But now iỵᴀqāỵîˊ your words ᴀxkᴀˊqǃ for me yên thus wułîłāˊ. have made it go down. Qā And ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ hîˊtî houses yᴀkǃēˊỵî on a good place ỵēnax ashore yên there wułix̣āˊc have drifted ᴀqǃ at it kǃêdēˊn well ỵīx down from it wułāˊ. flood has gone. Qa And ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ dakēˊdî poles yᴀkǃēˊỵi at a good place ỵēˊnᴀx ashore yên there wułixāˊc drifted iỵaqāˊỵîtc. your words. Qā And ᴀxtoqỵītāˊỵî my floor ỵᴀqaỵêˊtc planks kǃedēˊn well āˊỵî down ỵīsîˊnî you put ỵīỵᴀqaỵîˊtc. your [kind] words. Hāsēˊwaᴀtǃî We were cold yêx as if hātīˊỵīỵîn, we were hānᴀnīˊỵîtc. we have been. Heỵidᴀˊt But qoˊa377-10 now ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs my grandfathers’ ᴀtūˊwu crest hātcūˊłỵīāgîˊtc you have made a fire for us of tcᴀʟᴀˊkǃᵘ very hāˊkᵘgwatǃā. we will be warm. Gunᴀłtcīˊc Thank you ādēˊỵīỵî-dzîgīˊdîỵê. for what you have done. ʟēł Not tuˊła any more īcāˊn we hātūˊyēqgwatīˊ will mourn, ādeˊ because ỵīỵᴀqaỵîˊ your words wutīˊỵiỵētc. have been [so kind]. Aˊa yūˊa.”) This is all.”)

Now the chief of the Kasqǃagueˊdî, of the opposite division, speaks, directing his remarks at first, not to the giver of the feast, but to the opposite Ravens:

“My ancestors, if the other side did not share in your enjoyment it would not be right. So, if we have said anything to displease you, please overlook it for the sake of the chief.”

(“ᴀxdākēˊtqǃî (“My ancestors, tcǃaadeˊ yēn g̣oatīˊỵī sᴀgūwuˊ if the other side did not share in this ʟēł not g̣āgoˊxcatī. it would be right. Ła So ỵāˊqǃa qowustīˊỵiỵê ỵēsᴀgūˊwu he if we have said anything to displease you ᴀtc this qǃwᴀn (imp.) tcᴀdāˊqo yuqǃatᴀˊnksa please overlook agēˊdî wutīˊỵî tcᴀadeˊ ỵîˊndî yeˊna-îsᴀˊnî nī for the sake of the chief.”) qǃwᴀˊn.”) (imp.)

Then he says to the singers:

“Take up your poles. Start a song.”

(“Ỵīwutsǃāˊg̣aỵî (“Your poles ỵīdjīˊk you take ke up ᴀt thing gᴀx will ỵîcîˊ.”) you sing.”)

After this the second division of dancers goes out, dresses up, and enters dancing. When the dance is over, the first chief of that division—of which there are three chiefs, although it contains only two families—i. e., the chief of the Kasqǃagueˊdî, begins to talk to the chief of the feast. He says:

“Now wrap your father’s brothers up in good words. Yes, yes, hear my words just as they come to you.”

(“Dudāˊt (“About him cᴀqaỵêˊq wrap good words qǃwᴀn (imp.) isᴀˊni-hᴀs. your father’s brothers. Ā-aˊ Yes, yes, hēˊtcᴀ now ctūx into themselves xᴀt to me qǃᴀkîgeˊʟ̣îguts378-5 words come qǃwᴀˊn.”) let.”)

Then he calls out the name of the chief giving the feast, that of the chief next under him, and the names of some high-caste women. As their names are called they answer, “Hē” (“Present”). Then he perhaps proceeds as follows:

“People killed one another at Gîtǃîˊkc. And the people of Gîtǃîˊkc were being destroyed. Then only one chief was saved along with his sister and niece. Now the chief began thinking, ‘I wonder what chief would know certain things that he could tell me.’ He asked one old man if he could tell him. Not being suited, he sent for several, who did not suit him either. By and by he thought of Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles. He sent for him to have him tell the thing, and he suited him completely. He stayed with him. At this time he (the old man) made him a helmet and an arrow, an arrow which could talk. Then the old man was going to show him what to do. He instructed him: ‘My friends always lie way out there in their canoes. Never let it go at them.’

“Then he let the arrow go toward his enemies. It struck the chief’s heart. It killed him. The people did not see where the arrow came from. Then Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles was sent for. He was examining it, and it flew out from him. As the arrow flew away it said, ‘Nᴀx̣guyūˊuū.’ So they discovered the chief who owned this arrow. They set out to war against him. Then he put on his war hat, and his sister went before him. He went out of doors in a cloud of ashes. He killed all in four of the enemies’ canoes. Then they went toward him to war again, but he forgot what the old man had told him. For this reason the old man killed the chief with his own arrow. At this time the woman went up to the woods with her daughter. And now the two alone saved themselves. Now something helped her. The sun’s son married her daughter, and her daughter had children. There were eight, one of which was a girl. Then a house was made for them and food and provisions were put into it. They were let down on Gîtǃîˊkc, their grandfather’s town.⁠[175]

“That is the way your grandfathers have been. There were canoe loads of trouble around you. Now, however, these grandfathers of yours have been lowered down like the sun’s children. Your food was burnt through the trouble you have had. The hard times they had at Gîtǃîˊkc are the hard times you have been having on account of your troubles. Now your grandfathers have made war clothes for you. They have done like Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles. Now your grandfathers have put their raven hat on your head. They have put all your grandfathers’ emblems around you like a fort to save you. And your grandfathers who have gone will seat themselves around you. These, your grandfathers’ people, will gather around, and they will raise up these emblems to console you. It has been raining upon you so that you could not find a dry place. Now, however, your grandfathers have put the raven boards over you. Finally you are in a dry place. You will sleep well under them, grandchild. This is all.”

(“HeGîtǃîˊkcîqǃ “At this Gîtǃîˊkc aweˊ it was wūc one another wudūˊwadjᴀq. they killed. Adᴀˊxawe Then qotx ỵā hᴀs they were getting cundułx̣īˊx̣ destroyed he Gîtǃîˊkc these Gîtǃîˊkc qoan. people. Adᴀˊx Then tcǃu only ʟēˊnᴀx one āˊwunēx was saved anqāˊwo a chief, qā and duʟ̣āˊk his sister qa and duqēˊłkǃ. his niece. Adᴀˊxawe Then ctāˊyu to himself tudîtᴀˊnk began thinking yuanqāˊwo the chief yetuwatīˊ ‘I wonder āsdōˊsa what ckᴀˊłnîk would know sǃāˊtî chief sᴀkᵘ for xān to me ckᴀngałnīˊk. he could tell.’ Adᴀˊxawe379-5 Then āˊwaxōx he asked ʟēˊnᴀx one wudīcᴀnîˊ was an old qā man duīˊn to him ckᴀng̣ałnīˊk. he could tell. Adᴀˊx Then ʟēł not ᴀcwag̣aˊg̣ā wuctiˊ, when he suited him, adᴀˊx then ʟa then qǃūninᴀˊx for several yên there wāt sᴀ to that āˊwaxōx. he sent. ʟēł Not duwāˊg̣e his eyes kǃē good wuctīˊ. were. Wananīˊsayu Finally akᴀˊx of him tuditāˊn he thought ᴀdawuˊʟǃ-cāˊnakǃu. Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles. Adᴀˊx Then āwaxoˊx he sent for him, ᴀcīˊn to him ckᴀngᴀłnīˊgît. he could tell him some things he did not know. Adᴀˊx Then ʟᴀx very wāˊsa much (lit. how) ctuˊg̣a qǃaoditāˊn. he suited him. Doxwᴀˊnî With him uwaxeˊ. he stayed. Headᴀˊx At this time ʟǃaocadāˊdji a helmet ỵîs379-10 for aołiyêˊx he made qā and tcūˊnet, an arrow, yūtcūˊnet an arrow yu-qǃaỵatᴀˊnk. that could talk. Adᴀˊx Then yucanuˊktc the old man du-īˊ kūłguˊktc would show him ādeˊ what qukᵘg̣ᴀnūˊkᵘỵê. to do. Adᴀˊx Then acukāˊwadja: he instructed him: ‘Xᴀt ‘To me ᴀxxōˊnqǃî my friends aweˊ are dᴀˊkdê out yên there cᴀkūstīˊqǃtc. lie. Łîł Never aỵîˊkde toward it djinᴀˊqxêq let go qǃwᴀn (imp.) wetcūˊnet.’ the arrow.’

“Adᴀˊx “Then yūtcūˊnet the arrow ke up aocîduˊk he let go duyanāˊỵî his enemies’ anîˊ town kādeˊ. toward. Yuanqāˊwo The chief dutēˊqǃ his heart wułīgᴀˊsǃ. it struck. Ac uwadjᴀˊq. It killed him. Adᴀˊx Then ʟēł not yên where dutīˊn they saw yūtcūˊnet. the arrow. Adᴀˊx380-5 Then wudūˊwaxōx was sent for ᴀˊdawuł-cāˊnᴀkǃᵘ. Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles. Adᴀˊx Then dudjīˊt to him was dustāˊn. examining. Dudjidᴀˊx From him ganᴀˊx outside through smoke hole ke out udîqê’n. it flew. Adᴀˊx Then yutcūˊnet the arrow yūqǃwayatᴀˊnk flying away ‘Nᴀx̣guyūˊu-ū’ ‘Nᴀx̣guyūˊu-ū’ yuqǃaỵaqaˊ. said. Adᴀˊx Then a-īˊt it was he wudūdzîkūˊ came to know yūanqāˊwo that chief tcunēˊtîx sᴀtiỵîˊ. who had come to have the arrow. Dudāˊt To him xā to war djîududzîgūˊ. they went quickly. Adᴀˊx Then dułaocadāˊỵê his war hat tūˊdê into wugūˊt. he got. Adᴀˊx Then kᴀnduwahāˊkᵘ went before him duʟ̣āˊktc. his sister. Adᴀˊx Then yux out nagūˊt went gunīˊte-dᴀˊndjaỵi380-10 the dust of ashes tūt in yêsēˊn. he was. Adᴀˊxawe Then daqǃūˊn four xaˊỵī enemies’ yāˊgu canoes ỵîkt in kacułix̣īˊx̣. he killed all. Adᴀˊx Then tsǃu again a-īˊt there dudāˊt to him xā to war djiudiguˊt. they came. Adᴀˊx Then akᴀˊt to him sēwakᴀˊkᵘ he forgot adeˊ what yucanᴀˊkᵘtc the old man dāỵaqāˊỵiỵê. had told him. ᴀtcayuˊ This is why duwadjᴀˊq killed yuanqāˊwo the chief yucanᴀˊkᵘtc the old man tca indeed dutcunēˊdî his own arrow tîn. with. Headᴀˊx At this time yucawᴀˊt the woman adᴀˊqde up to the woods wugūˊt went dusīˊ her daughter tîn. with. He deˊtca And now ye thus dᴀxnᴀˊx just two hᴀs they cudzînēˊx. saved themselves. Headᴀˊx380-15 Then, qoˊa however, du-īˊg̣ā for her ᴀt something wusūˊ. was helped by. Adᴀˊx Then yug̣ᴀgāˊn the sun’s ỵīttc son uwacaˊ married dusīˊ. her daughter. Adᴀˊx Then duỵᴀˊtqǃî her children qōdzîteˊ. came to be. Nᴀsǃgaducuˊnᴀx Eight wūtīˊ. were they. ʟēˊnᴀx One cāwᴀˊtx a woman aositeˊ. was. Adᴀˊx Then hᴀˊsdu their hîˊtî house yên there ūˊwanī was made aỵīˊ into which ᴀtxaỵîˊ their food qa and yūˊduwēt. provisions [went]. Adᴀˊx Then hᴀs they kᴀnduʟ̣iỵaˊ were let down Gîtǃîˊkcîk on Gîtǃîˊkc hᴀsdułīˊłkǃ-hᴀs at their grandfathers’ ānîˊqǃ. town.

Ye So āỵatīˊỵîn it was natīỵēˊt have been îkāˊk-hᴀs. your grandfathers. Qotx ᴀc u wułx̣īˊx̣în nātiỵēˊt. Canoe loads of trouble were around you. Adᴀˊxayu380-20 Then îkāk-hᴀs your uncles’ ᴀt-ūˊwu crests idēˊnx from you aỵaˊosîgᴀn burnt nātīˊỵēttc. are. He yīdᴀˊt Now, qoaˊ however, de indeed g̣ᴀgāˊn the sun’s ỵīt children yêx like hᴀs they wudzigīˊt were lowered yā-îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs. these your grandfathers. Qa And iᴀtxāˊỵî your food iqǃaxᴀˊnxya belonging to you wusgānîˊn has been burnt īnanīˊỵîtc. through this trouble you have had. He yaGîtǃîˊkcîqǃ Those at Gîtǃîˊkc ỵawusāˊỵi were adawuˊł hard times aˊya there īkᴀˊqǃ to you yeỵatiˊ were ya-înanīˊỵî through your troubles yeˊỵati. are. Adᴀˊx Then yīdᴀˊt now îdjiỵîˊs for you hᴀs they aołiyêˊx have made īˊłaocadaỵî your war clothes sᴀkᵘ for îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀstc. your grandfathers. He This Adawuˊʟǃ-cāˊnakǃᵘ Old-man-who-knows-all-troubles yêx like hᴀs they wudzîgīˊt. have come to Heỵidᴀˊt do. de Now îcāˊx indeed hᴀs on your head awatīˊ they have put îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀstc your grandfathers’ hᴀsduyēˊł their raven sǃāx̣ᵘ. hat. He tcᴀ gwaᴀtēˊ Is it indeed îg̣aˊ for you g̣ᴀnēˊxît to be saved dᴀgêˊ that nu fort yêx like idāˊqǃ around you hᴀs they aosîniˊ put łdakᴀˊt all iłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs your grandfather’s ᴀtūˊwu. emblems. Qa And ya-dᴀˊqde-wuāˊdê they that have gone iłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs your grandfathers idāˊqǃ around you wūˊcte381-5 themselves hᴀs they gux daqēˊ. will seat. Qa And ya-îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs these your grandfathers ᴀdadê around g̣onayeˊ qwaāˊt will begin to gather ā and hᴀs they ᴀcaguˊx saqeˊ. will raise up these emblems [to console you]. Qa And inᴀnawuˊtc it has been raining ikadeˊ on you kawuˊł qǃāˊsîn. so that you could not find a dry place. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoaˊ however, îłīˊłkǃ-hᴀs your grandfathers qǃēˊnî boards yēł raven qǃēn painted boards îkāˊ over you kēˊnduwatᴀn. have put. Hūtcǃ Finally ikadêˊ for you kawułqǃāˊsî. is a dry place. He This kǃêdēˊn well ᴀta-iˊỵīqǃ under them gᴀg̣eˊtā you will sleep tcxᴀnkǃ. grandchild. Aˊa.”) This is all.”)

Then the chief giving the feast answers:

“I thank you very much that through these words of yours you have placed yourselves below me. And I feel that you are sitting very close to me. What you have said to me is true, my grandfathers. I have been as if enemies had surrounded me to fight in this place of my uncles. It is as if my uncles’ town had been burned with me. Now, however, you have brought help to me like the children of the sun. It was just as if my uncles’ crests had been burned. But now, since I have heard you speaking so well of them, it is as if my uncles had come back. My uncles’ house is like that lowered down at Gîtǃîˊkc. These words of yours have brought luck to me like the sun’s children. I thank you very much. I feel that what you have said to me is true. You have put my grandfathers’ hat, the raven-hat, upon my head, which will save me as if it were a war shirt. And your crests which you have put around me like a fort will also save me. It was as if I had been dying here with cold. But now that my father’s brothers have seated themselves near me, I shall be warm. It is indeed as if it had been raining on me, but now that you have put my grandfathers’ boards over me, I shall at last be dry. It is true that I have not slept. But now I shall soon sleep under my grandfathers’ boards. This is all.”

(“Hoˊho gunᴀłtcīˊc (“I thank you very much ałcqîˊntyu that through yāˊ-idᴀqaỵîˊ these words of yours ᴀxtaỵīˊqǃ me below ye thus ciỵīˊdzînī. you put yourselves. Qā381-10 And tūxānūˊkᵘ I feel ᴀx me dāk very close to wuct yourself ỵīdᴀqēyeˊ. you seat. ʟa Then qǃēˊg̣a true aweˊ it is xᴀt me daˊya-iqa what you said to ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs. my grandfathers. He This ūwaỵaˊ I have been ᴀˊxdāt around me xā for war had come quickly djiudîˊgude like yᴀx I tīˊỵîn have been yāᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs these my uncles nᴀnīˊỵîtc. I have been living. Heˊtcǃa It is indeed ayêˊx like it xān with me kēndusg̣āˊnîn has burned ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ ānîˊ. town. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoaˊ however, uwaỵāˊ it is g̣ᴀgāˊn sun ỵᴀˊtqǃî children yêx like xāg̣aˊ for me ỵīˊwusū. you have brought help. He djᴀłdakᴀˊt All these things yᴀx [are] just as if ye thus wusganîˊ had been burned yêx like tīˊỵîn it was ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ ᴀtūˊwu. crest. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, uwaỵāˊ it is qox back wudiāˊdi had come yêx like ỵᴀtiˊ it is ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles ỵî-yu-qǃatᴀˊngîtc.382-5 you have spoken so well of them. He This ūwaỵaˊ is as if Gîtǃîˊkcîqǃ at Gîtǃîˊkc kᴀˊndułiaỵî lowered down hît house yêx like wutīˊ is ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs my uncles’ hîˊtî. house. He These ỵīˊỵᴀqaỵî words of yours, qoˊa however, xāg̣aˊ for me wūsuˊ have brought luck uwaỵāˊ it is g̣ᴀgāˊn the sun ỵᴀˊtqǃî children yᴀx. like. Gunᴀłtcīˊc. I thank you very much. Tcǃᴀ Just ayêˊxawe like it yu-qǃwaỵīˊỵî-łiᴀˊtk what you have said to me tūxanūˊk I feel ỵiỵᴀqaỵîˊ. your words. He This yāˊᴀxcāˊx on my head ỵīˊtī you have put ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs my grandfathers’ sǃāx̣ᵘ hat, yēł raven sǃāx̣ᵘ hat ᴀtǃēˊqǃ behind it ye thus xᴀt me g̣og̣ᴀnēˊx will save uwaỵāˊ it is sᴀˊnkēt was shut yêx like g̣og̣watīˊ it will be ᴀxkᴀˊqǃ. to me. Qa And yāˊỵīᴀtūˊwu382-10 these your emblems tsǃu also ᴀxdāˊqǃ around me nūx as a fort ỵīłīyᴀˊxe you have put ᴀtēˊqǃ behind it ye thus xᴀt me g̣ag̣wanēˊx. will save. Uwaỵāˊ It was ātǃtcya cold hᴀt here ỵᴀdjᴀg̣eỵaˊ were killing xᴀt I tīˊỵîn. was. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, ya these ᴀxsᴀˊnî-hᴀs my fathers’ brothers qotx cūwax̣īˊx̣î were destroyed ᴀˊxdāqǃ to me wūct themselves hᴀs they wudaqēỵîˊ have seated xᴀt I guˊg̣atǃā. will be warm. Hēˊtcǃa It is indeed ayêˊx like it ᴀt kadêˊ on me kawuˊłqǃāˊsîn. it has been raining. Heỵīdᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs my grandfathers’ qǃēˊnî boards ᴀxkāˊ on me ke up ỵīˊtānî you have put hūtcǃ finally ᴀxkadeˊ over me kawuˊłqǃāsi. it will be dry. He This qǃēˊg̣a true ʟēł not xoatexêˊn.383-15 I have slept. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs my grandfathers’ qǃēˊnî boards taỵīˊqǃ under ᴀxyadeˊ for me tᴀkᵘgwax̣īˊx̣. will soon be sleep. Aˊa yūˊa.”) This is all.”)

After this speech the next family on the first side, which perhaps is the Qāˊtcᴀdî, asks the second division to make another speech. They do this, because, having been the first to dance, they do not wish to be selfish. So the speaker of the Tāłqoeˊdî begins, perhaps thus:

“On the Nass a grizzly bear captured a high-caste girl. She was among the grizzly-bear people. She could not get away. Then she married one of the grizzly-bear people. Then they went for salmon, but their wives went after firewood. This woman did not know how to get firewood like grizzly bears. Then an old woman among the grizzly-bear people called her aside, and said to her ‘Do you know that the grizzly-bear people have captured you? They captured you because you were angry with their tracks. The same thing happened to me. I am a human being who was captured.’ The old woman said, ‘Get wet wood for firewood.’ After that she did as she was directed. Then her fire did not go out, and her husband was fond of her. Now the high-caste woman felt very brave.

“After some time had passed the high-caste girl felt sad. Then the old woman called her again. She said to her, ‘Are you downhearted?’ After that she gave her some things with which to save herself—a devil’s-club comb, a wild rosebush comb, sand, mud, and a piece of rock. With these she ran off to some place where she could be saved. Then the grizzly-bear people ran after her. When they got near her the devil’s-club comb became a hill of devil’s club. When they again got close to her, she threw away the rosebush comb. When they got up to her again, she threw away the sand. This sand became a big sand hill. When she saw that they had come close to her again, she threw away the mud. The last thing was the stone. She threw it away. It became a big hill. She ran down to the beach. Then, however, the G̣onaqᴀdē’t’s son came ashore there. He saved her from her pursuers. This man’s name was Gīnᴀcᴀmgêˊtk.⁠[176]

“In just that way the trouble that you have had has captured you. These [grandfathers] are the old woman to you, informing you of all things. You are like the woman. They are like this to you, as if they had given you the raven hat as she gave her the devil’s-club comb. This frog-cane they have given you is as if they had given the rosebush and the mud. Since you have this cane to throw you will be saved. The last one of all will be the frog-post. So your grandfathers’ emblem will save you. My uncle that died long ago has come ashore to save you. I hope you will be saved at once in your grandfathers’ canoe. But we who are dancing here for you are not really ourselves. It is our long dead uncles who are dancing here for you. This eagle down will descend among you from their heads and will save you like good medicine. I hope you will sleep well in all these feathers. This is all.”

(“Āˊa (“Now he this Nās Nass ỵîˊqǃawe down on x̣ūtsǃtc a grizzlybear qōsînēˊx captured ʟēˊnᴀx one anỵêˊdî. high-caste girl. Adᴀˊxawe Then x̣ūtsǃ the grizzly bear qoaˊnî people xōqǃᵘ among ye so wutīˊ. she was. ʟēł Not adeˊ there qon g̣anūˊguyî a thing she could do qōstˊî. was. Adᴀˊxawe Then was x̣utsǃ [one of] grizzly bear qoaˊnîtc people ūwacaˊ. she married. Adᴀˊxawe Then xāt salmon g̣a for hᴀs they naᴀˊttc went wex̣ūˊtsǃ the grizzly bear qoaˊnî people hᴀsducᴀˊtqǃaỵên their wives qoˊa however g̣ᴀn firewood ye so hᴀs they adanēˊnutc. used to go and get. Adᴀˊx383-5 Then yucāˊwᴀt the woman ʟēł not ūcgūˊk knew yux̣ūˊtsǃ the grizzly bear qoaˊnîdji people yêx like g̣ᴀn firewood yeˊdanî. how to get. Adᴀˊx Then, qoˊa however, yucānᴀˊkǃᵘ an old woman x̣ūtsǃ grizzly bear qoaˊnî people xōqǃ among yēỵatiỵî was yucāˊtkǃᵘ the little woman āˊwaxōx. called aside. Adᴀˊx Then, qoˊa however, ye thus ᴀc aˊosîqa, she said to her, ‘Do you know ‘Yîsīkūˊgî grizzly bear x̣ūtsǃ people qoaˊnî it was āˊya īˊusînēx? captured you? Hᴀsduīˊqǃ Their tracks īwunīˊkǃîtc you were disgusted with āˊya was why hᴀs they īusînēˊx. saved you. Xᴀt I tsǃu too ye thus xᴀt wududzinīˊ. to me something happened. Łîngîˊt A human being ỵīˊỵî āˊỵa [I] was xᴀt I wududzînēˊx.’ came to be captured.’ Yucānᴀˊkǃᵘtc The old woman ye thus daỵaqaˊ, said, ‘Hīn tᴀk cāˊgî ‘Wet wood, qoˊa however, gᴀn firewood sᴀkᵘ for yeˊdānane.’ get.’ Adᴀˊx Then ᴀqǃayêˊx as directed ye so adēˊ384-5 there wuneˊ. she did. Adᴀˊx Then dug̣ᴀˊnî her fire ʟēł not ka wułkīˊs. went out. Adᴀˊx Then duxoˊx her husband’s tūwuˊ feelings wukǃêˊ were good duīˊdê. over it. Adᴀˊx Then yuanỵêˊdê the high-caste girl ʟᴀx very dutūˊwu wułîtsīˊn. her feelings were strong (i. e., she felt brave).

“Adᴀˊx “Then tsǃu again tcǃākᵘx ostīỵîˊ quite a while passed ʟᴀx very tūwuˊ her feelings ỵênīˊkᵘ were sick yuanỵêˊtqo. the high-caste girl. Adᴀˊx Then yucāˊn the old woman tsǃu also ᴀc her wuxōˊx. called. ‘He ‘This wāˊsa, how, îtūˊwatī,’ you are downhearted,’ yuᴀciaˊosîqa. what said to her. ‘Îtūˊwu ‘Your feelings gî ? ỵanēˊkᵘ’ are sick’ ayuˊ is ᴀciaˊosîqa. what she said to her. He ādᴀˊx After this ᴀcdjīˊt to her ᴀt something uwatīˊ was ᴀc384-10 gwax sînēˊxe to save her ᴀt some things sǃᴀxtǃ devil’s club xēˊdu, comb, qǃonyēˊł-wᴀˊsǃî wild rosebush xēˊdu, comb, qᴀ and ʟǃēˊwu, sand, qᴀ and kǃoʟk, mud, qa and yayēˊna. rock. Adᴀˊxawe Then ke away wudjîx̣īˊx̣ she ran ᴀc g̣wāx dzînēˊxe where she could save herself ỵēˊdî. to a place. He adᴀˊx Then ỵa ᴀc ỵanᴀsᴀˊq were running after her yux̣ūˊtsǃ the grizzly bear qoaˊnî. people. Adᴀˊx Then dukāˊk near her ke were close to her łunag̣uˊqo the grizzly bears yux̣ūˊtsǃ devil’s sǃᴀxtǃ club xēˊdu comb sǃᴀxtǃ devil’s club qāˊdî hill ʟēnx become big ositiˊ. was. Adᴀˊx Then tsǃu again dukāˊ to her ke close łunag̣uˊqo they had got qǃonyēˊł-wᴀˊsǃî rosebush xēˊdu384-15 comb ke away aosîg̣îˊq. she threw. Adᴀˊx Then tsǃu again dukāˊ to her ke up łunag̣uˊqo when they came yuʟǃēˊwu the sand ke up ᴀkāwᴀg̣îˊqǃ. she threw. A This ʟēn big ʟǃēˊwu sand ʟǃaocaˊx become sand hill wusîteˊ. was. Adᴀˊx Then tsǃu again aosîtēˊn she saw dukāˊ to her ke close łunag̣uˊqo when they got tsǃu again ke up awag̣îˊqǃ she threw yukǃoˊʟk. the mud. Ādᴀˊx Then wūˊtcǃî the last thing ayêˊx like it wusîtīˊ was yuyayēˊna. the stone. Tcǃuʟeˊ Then ke up awag̣îˊqǃ. she threw. A A ʟēn big cāx hill become wusitīˊ. was. ᴀtǃēˊnᴀx From behind, qoˊa however, īq beach wudjîx̣īˊx̣. she ran down to. Adᴀˊx Then, qoˊa however, yuG̣onaqᴀdēˊt the G̣onaqᴀdēˊt’s ỵīt son ducūˊnᴀx384-20 at once yên there ūwaqoˊx. came ashore. ᴀqǃ There gugᴀnaỵēˊdᴀx from her pursuers ᴀc her wusînēˊx. he saved. Yuqāˊ The man ye thus dowasāˊkᵘ was named Gīnᴀcᴀmgêˊtk. Gīnᴀcᴀmgêˊtk.

“Heyēˊ “Like this aweˊ it was îtīˊỵīn you have been qǃᴀnᴀ ᴀˊ qeỵîłg̣āˊdîn the trouble that has been on you has captured you yucāˊwᴀt the woman yêx. like. Heyeˊ āˊwe These [grandfathers] īwatīˊ are to you yucānᴀˊkǃutc the old woman cukawadjāˊỵê. informing of all things. Cāwᴀˊt This woman yêx like īwatīˊ. you are. Heˊde Like this de indeed idjīˊt to you hᴀs they awatīˊ. are. Yayēˊł This raven sǃāx̣ᵘ hat sǃᴀxtǃ devil’s-club xēˊdu comb yêx like hᴀs they aosînīˊ. gave. Āyaˊ This x̣îx̣tcǃ frog wutsǃāˊg̣a cane de indeed īdjīˊt to you hᴀs they awatᴀˊn gave yuqǃonyēˊł-wᴀsǃî the rosebush yᴀx like qa and yuˊkoʟkēˊ the mud yêx like hᴀs they aosînīˊ. gave. Heyūˊ ya īˊỵanᴀsnᴀqnᴀˊnî They will not catch you since you have this cane to throw ᴀtǃēˊqǃ behind it qoˊdê385-5 hᴀs gux dᴀāˊt. they will save you. Hehūˊtcǃî This last ayêˊx like it g̣ox satīˊ will be yaîłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs these your grandfathers’ g̣āˊsǃî, post, x̣îx̣tcǃ frog g̣āsǃ. post. Atǃēˊqǃ Behind it îqǃgwᴀnēˊx will save you îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs your grandfathers’ ᴀtūˊwu. emblem. Hēdeˊ This îcūˊnᴀx ashore for you yên there ūˊwaqox came tcǃākᵘ long ago unāˊwu died ᴀxkāˊk. my uncle. Heỵidᴀˊt Now, qoˊa however, dēˊyāx ashore īˊusîgūt. he has come for you. He duākᵘcêˊł I hope tcǃᵘʟēˊx forever nīỵîˊs aỵīˊ in it iunixîˊq you will be saved îłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs your grandfathers’ yāguˊ. canoe. Heyāˊ Here idᴀˊt for you, qoˊa however, ᴀtūʟǃēˊxê we are dancing ʟēł not uhāˊn we āˊya it is ᴀtuʟǃēˊx. we are dancing. Tcǃākᵘ385-10 Long ago wunāˊwa died akāˊk-hᴀs our uncles āˊya it is ỵaqǃaʟǃēˊx. who are dancing here. Heyāˊ These hᴀsducāˊ their heads qǃoaˊʟǃî eagle down, qoˊa however, ỵīxōˊqǃ among you yêndî thither qǃoaʟǃsīˊs eagle feathers will come down yē thus ỵig̣oˊx sanēˊx will save you āˊkǃê good nākᵘ medicine yêx like gokatīˊ. will be. Hedjîłdakᴀˊt All yaqǃoaˊʟǃtūqǃ in these feathers gᴀgetāˊ you will sleep gwakᵘcîˊł I hope ye thus wutīˊq. will be. Aˊa yuˊa.”) This is so.”)

Then the host answers him, after first mentioning the names of all the Raven families that are dancing, speaking as follows:

“It is indeed true that here with my uncles I have been as if captured. It is true that I have seen my aunts, and that they have shown me the way down to the beach. It is true that they are like my grandfathers’ hat. It is true that my aunts have given me the frog-cane as the devil’s-club comb was given. Now I feel as though I had been saved. These two emblems of my grandfathers are like a cliff behind which I shall be saved. Now my long dead fathers have come ashore. I will go down to them. I will stay with them forever. This is all, my fathers.”

(“Tcǃayᴀˊxawe (“Just like it yêxatīˊỵī I am tcᴀ some gonaᴀˊttc strange animals xᴀt I wusnexêˊn was captured by ya-ᴀxkāˊk-hᴀs these my uncles (i. e., trouble for them) nanīˊỵîtc.385-15 have done it. Tcǃayᴀˊxawe Just like it xosîtīˊn yā I have come to see dᴀgᴀnadêˊ wuāˊdê coming down to (beach) ᴀxāˊt-hᴀs my aunts ahᴀs they xᴀt me cūkawadjaˊ have showed all yaiˊq. this beach. Hēˊtca It is true ayᴀˊx like it ᴀxdjīˊt to me hᴀs they awatīˊ are ᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs my grandfathers’ sǃāx̣ᵘ. hat. Hēˊtca It is true ayᴀˊx like it gunᴀłtcīˊc I thank you ᴀxāˊt-hᴀs my aunts ᴀxdjīˊt to me hᴀs they āwatᴀˊn gave yux̣îˊx̣tcǃ the frog wutsǃāˊg̣a cane yusǃᴀˊxtǃ the devil’s club xēˊdu comb yᴀxt like to hᴀs they aosīˊnī. gave. Heỵidᴀˊt But qoˊa now uwaỵāˊ it is xᴀt I wūnēˊxe had been saved yᴀxt like to ᴀxtūwuˊ my mind ỵᴀtīˊ. is. Yaᴀxłīˊłkǃᵘ-hᴀs These my grandfathers hᴀˊsduᴀtūˊwu their emblems dēx two uwaỵāˊ it is g̣āʟǃ cliff yêx like ᴀtǃēˊqǃ behind it iyēˊ so xᴀt I g̣ogwᴀnēˊx. will be saved. Heỵidᴀˊt But now tcǃākᵘ long time ago wūnāˊwu386-5 died ᴀxīˊc-hᴀs my fathers ᴀxcūˊnᴀx ashore yên there hᴀs they uwaqoˊx. came. Adeˊ There hᴀˊsduỵîx down to them qwagūˊt. I will go. Hadeˊ Now tcǃuʟēˊx forever hᴀˊsduỵîkqǃ down with them xᴀt I wūnēˊx. am saved. Aˊa yuˊa This is so, ᴀxīˊc-hᴀs.”) my fathers.”)

Next the chief of the Tī hît tān might speak as follows:

“Down in the Tsimshian country lived a young high-caste woman who was captured by a devilfish. The people discovered that she was lost, and finally they began hunting for her, but they could find her nowhere. After they had given up looking for her they saw some young devilfish coming up on the doorstep. They were thrown down from there upon the beach. Afterward they came back again. Then they left them alone, and they climbed up into the chief’s lap. From this circumstance he found out what had happened. He said, ‘My daughter must have been captured by the devilfish.’ Then he gave food to the devilfishes. When they went away the food left over was carried down after them and the trays were set down by the devilfish rock. When he found out that his daughter was under that rock, he felt very happy.⁠[177]

“So it was with you, my son. It was as if you had been captured by the devilfishes. Therefore, these your father’s people have come down to ask you to partake of food with them from under that rock. That is how your father’s people have gotten you now. Therefore they have taken the clothes off of you that have been wet by the sea water and which you can not yourself see. It was so with that woman. She could not see that her clothes were in that condition. Just so you are now going to be given clothing from these skins that belonged to your father’s people. They will make a great fire to warm you out of everything your fathers’ people have claimed.

“This is the way it has been with you. The way your uncles were taken away from you was just as though you had been captured by devilfishes. I hope you will be warm this evening and lie down and be comfortable. Aˊa yuˊa (This is so).”

The chief would answer thus:

“Thank you, my father’s people, for having talked so well of me, Kîksᴀˊdî, Kasqǃagueˊdî, Tāłqoeˊdî, Tī hît tān, and Qāˊtcᴀdî. It is so. I have been captured by the devilfishes. This trouble had captured me. I have been cold under that rock. It was my troubles that made me cold while there with the devilfishes. But now my father that had died has sent for me. It is right that he has sent for me, for the tide used to come over me. With the troubles I have been going through it looked as though the tide had come over me. Now I thank you that you have saved me from this place where the tide has been coming over me. It is right. I have been cold. But now, since you have made a fire with the things my father’s people claim, I shall be warm. But the words that you have spoken for me are so warm they will keep me warm always. Aˊa yuˊa.”

Finally they say to the chief of the Qāˊtcᴀdî, “Now you speak a few words to this descendant of yours.” So the chief of the Qāˊtcᴀdî rises and says:

“There was a high-caste person at Tᴀˊqdjîk-ān who bathed for strength every morning. His name was G̣ᴀłwēˊtǃ. It was then that he made what they call ānłuwuˊ. He had a nephew by the name of Duktūˊʟǃ, and this nephew was bathing for strength in secret. G̣ᴀłwēˊtǃ was very proud because he was exercising thus, and the people of his village were very proud with him. They would make fun of the man who bathed in secret, but he did not say anything to them. Then he heard the voice of his Strength. While he was in bathing a voice called to him saying, ‘Come here.’ So he went thither. When he got there, the little man (Strength) and he wrestled, and Duktūˊʟǃ was thrown down. After he had been thrown down, Strength said to him, ‘Go again into the water and bathe. I will come to you once more.’ He heard the voice a second time, and went ashore, and they again wrestled. Then Duktūˊʟǃ almost threw Strength down. So Strength said, ‘That is enough. You are already sufficiently strong.’ Then he went up, pulled the limb out and twisted the tree to the roots. Afterward he put the limb back and untwisted the tree. Now he went away and made the people who had been so proud, ashamed of themselves. This poor man, Duktūˊʟǃ, came to be above the proud people.

“After that they went to the sea-lion island. There he showed his strength. Then the proud people went away and left him on that island, but the sea-lion people helped him. They gave him a box with which to get ashore. With that he got ashore to his uncle’s village. Then he took his uncle’s place. He owned the whole village. So it was with this Duktūˊʟǃ.⁠[178]

“As he became very poor by his own will, so it was with you, my son. Your father’s people that died years ago have come out from the woods and have given you strength. So it was with you. Your uncles and your people had left you on the sea-lion island. Now your father’s people have felt for you and have given you Halibut house (Nāłx hît). They have given it to you as the sea lions gave the box to the poor man. On account of this, my son, you will forget that you are mourning. Aˊa yuˊa.”

Then the host would reply:

“Ho ho, thank you very much, my father’s people. How very good your words have been to me, Kîksᴀˊdî, Qāˊtcᴀdî, Tī hît tān, Kasqǃagueˊdî, Tāłqoeˊdî. It is true that I have become poor through mourning for my uncles. I have been teaching myself what would help me. And so my father’s people have pitied me. They have brought clubs with which I can exercise. I have felt as though my uncles had left me in a desolate place, so much have I been grieving. Now these my father’s people have acted like the sea-lion people. They have brought me luck. They have given me that house, Nāłx hît, as the sea lions gave that poor fellow the box to bring him ashore. Therefore I thank them very much. Through them I have seen the mainland. In these words you have given me I will be clothed. Everyone will see your words on me as clothing. They will always be new. I shall never wear them out. Aˊa yuˊa.”

The dances are followed by the feast and last of all comes the distribution of property accompanied by more speeches similar to the above. Then the chief would say:

“Up above here among the upper villages (i. e., toward the north) there was a certain woman who said something about the brant that brought her bad luck. Her husband’s name was Dᴀmnāˊdjî. Then the brants flew away with her. After that she fell from the hands of the brants. From there she went among the foxes. Going along, she found a codfish head. She cooked it and gave it to the fox.⁠[179] It is that that I have done to you. I have invited you for that codfish head. So have pity on me and eat what I give you, even if it is not good enough.” [The codfish head is brought in because it was found by a very poor woman who was starving. The chief humbles himself by using these words.]

Then the people invited to the feast say, “Yes, it will be so. We will do as you have asked us.”

After that he calls the name of the chief of each Raven clan, as follows: “Bring me ——’s dish.” “Bring me ——’s dish.” After the chiefs’ dishes those of the poorer people are called for. These dishes have been brought over in advance from the houses of their owners.

The łuqᴀnaˊ, who is the chief’s nephew, performs early at the time of this feast and is brought into the feast to eat afterward. Piercings for labrets were not made at the feast, but many blankets were given away by the girl’s father when it did occur. The work was done by some one of the opposite phratry.

When the feast proper was over a kind of show was given, in fact three of them, one by the family of the giver of the feast and one each by the two divisions of Ravens. The chief gives his show first and then the Raven groups in the order in which they had spoken. In one of these shows a man wearing a mask would come in and some one would say, “My uncle (a dead relative) has come back to see you. He must have been captured by a g̣onaqᴀdēˊt, a grizzly bear, or a wolf.” The persons with these masks on are all supposed to be yēks, (i. e. supernatural beings).

WORDS OF SONGS TAKEN IN CONNECTION WITH GRAPHOPHONE RECORDS

The language of these songs is so highly metaphorical that they are often difficult to understand even in the light of the native explanations, and in some cases the author’s informants were themselves uncertain with regard to the meaning. Several songs refer to myths and are explained by them, and there are a few shamans’ songs, but by far the larger number were composed for feasts or in song contests between men who were at enmity with each other.

(1) A song about Raven’s travels through the world, used at all kinds of dances:

Dēł A big fellow yᴀx like wudᴀtsēˊn cēyēˊł. must have been that raven. Haỵidēˊ Down underneath wugudīˊn. he went. Ag̣āˊgucî At that time dułuwuˊ his nose ke up wududzîyᴀˊq. they came to pull. Agaˊ At that time āntūˊx through the town ỵāwaguˊt he went dułūˊwug̣a. for his nose. ᴀcdjīˊt To him dutīˊ it was [given] ān with it gānt out of doors wudîqîˊn. he started to fly. Ayêˊx Like it ᴀnsînīˊ he does now to dog̣odjiỵᴀqaỵîˊ. his (opposite) Wolf phratry. Ān With it gānt outside wudîqîˊn. he flew. Wâˊsa Why yūłcîtîˊkᵘdaya does he not look like himself tcǃᴀ but nao whisky g̣adᴀnᴀˊ. ought to drink. Atūˊnᴀx After that nīˊtct about the whole beach nᴀˊg̣egut. you can wander.

That Raven must have been a great fellow. He went down under the sea. Then they pulled up his nose. He went through the town for his nose. When it was given to him, he started to fly out of doors. He does so now to his Wolf phratry. He flew out with it. Why! instead of looking like himself, he looks as if he ought to have a drink of whisky. After you have done that you can wander about the entire beach.

(2) A song about Qakēˊqǃᵘtê. (See story 104, p. 330.)

Ēˊg̣ê yēq The beach down to gū’dayu when he came doxōˊnqǃî his friends qotx cūˊwax̣īx̣ were all destroyed ayuˊ so ʟe then łīngîˊt [no] person ye thus ustīˊntc. he saw. Łᴀqǃᴀˊsgî-qǃa Łᴀqǃᴀˊsg̣î point tcîg̣edeˊayu just inside of aosîtīˊn. he saw. “Łił “Never îłatīˊnqǃēq you let me watch yutēˊqǃ the stones sāˊnî, little, īîˊx from me unᴀˊx łîqǃāˊcᴀ.” lest it bewitch.”

When he came down to the beach, his friends were all destroyed, so that he saw no one. He saw something just inside of Łᴀqǃᴀˊsg̣î point. “Do not let me watch the little stones or I might get bewitched.”

(3) A second song of Qakēˊqǃᵘtê composed when he caught a frog instead of a ground hog. (See story 104, p. 330.)

Sǃāxêˊx Becoming a ground hog gâ into tcucʟ̣îyēˊx might have made itself hedix̣îˊx̣tcǃ, that frog, qāˊdjî kᴀng̣ahēˊn. or it might have dug a hole under my trap.

That frog might have turned itself into a ground hog, or it might have dug a hole under my trap.

(4) This was sung by Kᴀkaˊ after he had been brought up from the south by the land otters (stories 5 and 31). The words below were at the end of the two parts, and when they were uttered he drifted out to sea or ashore, as the case might be.

Dᴀˊqdê Seaward hāˊde qādeˊ. let me drift.

Yêˊnde Shoreward hāˊde qādeˊ. let me drift.

(5) Song composed by Qaqǃᴀtcgūˊk after his dream on the island. (Stories 67 and 101.)

Āˊckᴀt About himself aołîx̣āˊdjî that thought he had perished qa the man ye thus tcuc nᴀdatcuˊntc. dreams. ᴀxānīˊqǃ To my home qoxoag̣ag̣eˊ I got yu-ᴀxtūˊnatîtc. is how I always feel.

The man, who thought he had perished, dreams thus about himself. I keep feeling as if I had gotten home.

(6) Composed about the G̣ānᴀxteˊdî woman (G̣ānᴀˊxta-ca) who reared the woodworm. (See pp. 151–152.)

Desgwᴀˊtc Already gî nᴀxāgūˊt, I am going, nᴀnaˊ die ỵîs to nᴀxāˊgut. I am going. Desgwᴀˊtc Already gî nᴀxāˊdjūn I have dreamed of ᴀxỵīˊt. my son.

Already I am going, I am going to die. I have dreamed of my son.

(7) A spirit song composed by a shaman called ʟūswᴀˊt belonging to the Kāˊgwᴀntān.

Ł Not ᴀnᴀˊx through it ke up qâgudîỵᴀˊ I come Djîłqāˊt Chilkat kînāˊnᴀx through, qoˊa however, ke up qâgudîˊ. I come. Łxodēˊt Łxodēˊt kînaˊnᴀx through ke g̣aguˊt up I will come duỵahāˊỵî and āg̣āˊx. cry.

Not having any place to come up through (i. e., shaman to speak through), I think I will go to Chilkat and come up there.

I will come up through Łxodēˊt and cry.

(8) Composed by a man of the Tǃᴀˊqǃdentān named One-whose-quill-is-disliked (Tǃāwuˊkdūłnuk).

Nᴀxāˊdjūn ceîˊxtǃᴀgî-yēˊgî. I was dreaming of my spirit under the fireplace. Îxtǃāˊgî-yeˊgî. Under-the-fireplace spirit.

I was dreaming of my spirit under the fireplace.