INDEX

A

Adelaide Island, impression as to, 164

Agassiz, Professor, 54

Argentine Republic, offer of, 97

Air charged with drift snow, 258

Alaculoofs, 98, 99

Alarming physical condition, 327, 328

Alexander Islands, 166, 167, 186, 198

Alexanderland, charted Alexander I. Land, 164

Alexanderland, inlet north of, 169

Alcohol, 90

Alcohol, deleterious effect of, 334

Ambition, 392

American discovery, remarkable fact in, 23

American topics, 327

Amusement, uncomfortable, 313, 314

Animal life, 128, 132–134, 140, 141, 183, 186, 198, 201, 210, 236, 239, 242, 243, 248, 255, 256, 258, 260, 269, 270, 273, 274, 277, 287, 293, 294, 313, 327, 334–337, 350, 356, 359, 360, 368, 369, 383, 384, 392

Amundsen, Roald, mate, appearance of, 42, 127, 136, 141, 147, 158, 244;

presence of mind of, 246;

patching boots, 259;

investigates a light, 286, 287, 300, 335, 349, 378;

resolve of, 382, 383

Ancient explorers, contrast to, 240

Antarctic, mainlands of the, 128–131

Antarctic midnight past, 323

Antarctic, first camping experience in the, 143

Antarctic pack, striking peculiarity of, 174, 175

Antarctic tent, 349

Antipodes, different surroundings in, 131

Anvers Island, 148

Appearances of land deceptive, 272

April 1st, 244;

2d, 245;

3d, temperature, 245;

4th, latitude, longitude, and temperature, 246;

5th, 246;

temperature, 247;

6th, 247;

8th, 248;

9th, 249;

10th, 253;

11th, 255;

12th, temperature, 257, 269;

latitude and longitude, 270;

14th, temperature, 258;

15th, 258;

16th, 258;

20th, temperature, 259;

21st, temperature, 260;

latitude, 261;

22d, temperature and position, 261;

23d, 25th, 261;

temperature, 262, 263;

latitude and longitude, 264;

26th, temperature and sounding, 267;

28th, temperature, 268;

30th, 269;

latitude and longitude, 270

Arc Aurora, 242, 253, 254

Arc snowshoes, 353

Arctic, redeeming features in the, 295

Artificial light, 316, 318, 367

Arctowski, Henryk, geologist, 42;

on Auguste Island, 132, 133, 136, 139, 141, 158, 175, 181;

interviewed by sea-leopard, 211;

in the crow’s-nest, 216;

arranging a new system, 241, 248, 280;

working in the laboratory, 299, 300;

saying of, 334, 335, 336;

on deck, 337, 347;

record of, 391

Astrup Eivind, 147

Atmosphere, clearness of, 145

Auguste Island, 138;

landing at, 131–133

August second, 358

Aurora, patches of, 236

Auroras, 212, 214, 225, 226, 258, 296, 297, 324, 335, 337, 343

Auroras, antarctic, average strength of, 262

Auroral display, 238

B

“Baking treatment,” 22, 331, 336, 351

Balaenoptera Sibbaldi, 369

Banquet, Rio Belgian, 9, 10

Barrier, 356

Barros, Trudente de Moreas, President, 9, 13;

attempt to assassinate, 28

Bay-ice, 186

Bay of Rio, parting view of, 15

Beagle Channel, eastward through, 119

Beauty contest, 250;

official record of, 251, 252;

disputes arising out of, 254

Bellinghausen, 164, 266

Belgian Consulate, visitor from, 28

Belgian national feasts, 336

Belgians, modesty of, 240

Belgica, expedition ship, 4–6;

on board the, 13;

leaves Rio, 16;

sleep on the, 17–19;

young bachelors of, 36;

purchase of, 41, 42;

public exhibition of, 44;

flag of, 46, 48;

crowded decks of, 46;

appearance of, 50, 51;

construction, 51–53;

equipment, 53, 55;

laboratory, 55;

library, 56;

quarters, 56, 57;

life on, 58;

leaves Montevideo, 59, 62, 63;

through the pampero, 64;

garb for the south pole, 65;

Chaplain’s duties on, 69, 70, 72, 76, 77, 97, 98;

strikes a reef, 119–121, 137;

anchoring to an iceberg, 140;

cruise to the south, 143, 154, 164, 170;

ploughs between heavy masses of ice, 178, 179, 183, 187;

refuses to mind the helm, 191, 192;

runs before the storm, 194–196, 205;

fear for, 220, 234, 240, 246, 249;

housing of, 256, 257;

serious drift of, 264, 274;

settling of, 268;

in icefloe, 275, 278–280;

normal air of, 290, 293, 296, 297;

in ice-walls, 298, 304, 306, 312;

alive with weird noises, 314, 318, 320, 333, 343;

only speck of human life, 352;

position of, 359, 361;

prepared for sea, 369, 371, 375;

injurious effect on, 376;

in huge drift, 380, 381, 384, 385;

liberatingthe, 393–399, 405

Belgica Strait, 135;

position and landmarks of, 146–149;

navigation of, 147, 154, 192

Belgium, Royal Society of, 406

Bird, a new, 377

Bird’s-eye view, pictures of, 217

Biscoe, Captain, 129, 147

Birds, resting places for, 141

Bismarck Inlet, 169

Bismarck Strait, 154

Blackness, effect of, 281–283

Blake, the, exploring ship, 43

Blessing, Dr., 321

Blow-holes, 328

Bon voyage, wishes for, 12, 14, 16

Borgen Bay, debarkments in, 146

Bransfield Strait, 128, 147

Brazilian Coast, 16, 18, 19

Brialmont Bay. See Weddell Sea

Bridges, Lucas, Mr., 120

Bridges, Thomas, Mr., 97

British explorers, custom of, 240

Brooklyn Island, 144, 148

Brussels, municipality of, 406

Brussels, Royal Geographical Society of, 40, 406

Buls Bay, 141

Bunks, 65

Butter, substitute for, 61

C

Calculation, careful, 281

Calm, unexpected, 224

Camping equipments, impracticability of, 274

Camp, site for a, 353

Canal, entering a, 144

Canal-making, 396–399

Canned foods, disgust with, 302, 303

Canvas suits ineffective, 325

Cape Anna, debarkment at, 140, 141, 145

Cape Castillo, 22

Cape Eivind Astrup, 146

Cape Errera, 147

Cape Horn, south of, 121–123

Cape Lancaster, 147

Cape Murray, off, 143

Cape Polonio, in harbour of, 21;

ashore at, 25–27

Cape Reclus, rounded, 144

Cape Reynard, 147

Cape von Sterneck, altitude of, 135

Castillo Island, off, 20–22

Castine, cruiser, 32

Cheerlessness, 319

Chenal de la Plata, 144

Christensen, Mr., 42

Christmas in midsummer, 385, 386

Chronometers regulated, 324

Cincinnati, cruiser, 13

Circumpolar ocean, characteristic ice of, 170

Cleopatra, the, wreck of, 69

Clouds, luminous, 270;

stratus and altro stratus, 193

Coaster, Brazilian, 18, 19

Coast, following the, 138

Coast-pilot, French, budget of, 72

Colchichoali, 107

Cockburn Channel, in, 94

Coldest period of the year, 362, 363

Cold metal, contact with, 262, 263

Cold not a serious cause of suffering, 257

Colony, Belgian, 59

Colours sparingly distributed, 184

Cornet, 382

Coming of the night, preparing for the, 208

Comparisons, 172, 173

Complaints, 206, 207, 231, 330

Conclusion, one, 374, 375

Constellations, new, 17, 18

Contrast, weird, 196

Cook, Captain, 223, 266

Cook, Frederick A., Dr., joins antarctic expedition, 3–5, 7, 19, 21;

volunteers services to expedition, 47, 48;

on the Belgica, 50;

visits sheep farm, 72–76;

efforts to return to the Belgica, 76, 77;

aids Wiencke, 127;

attempts to land, 132, 133, 158;

responds to call, 141, 179;

rescues Gerlache, 189;

plans of, 192;

sleeping on a floe, 212–215;

views ice-pack from crow’s-nest, 216–218, 239, 243, 248;

gives aid, 249, 272;

impressions, 287;

literary work, 300;

omits breakfast, 304, 305;

sees Danco’s illness, 309;

birthday of, 313, 314;

experience of, 321;

method of treatment, 322;

diagnosis of Lecointe’s case, 331;

treats Lecointe, 333, 378;

resolve of, 382;

plans ship’s release, 393

Crab-eating seals, 229, 242, 243

Crow’s-nest, 53;

view of pack from, 216–218

D

Dallman, German sealer, 129, 155

Danco, Emile, magnetician, 42, 43, 56, 136, 141, 142, 143, 149, 239;

unable to journey farther, 240;

building a hut, 241, 259, 263;

contrivance of, 273;

observatory of, 280;

illness of, 287, 292;

steadily failing, 296;

keeping up, 300;

sinking rapidly, 303;

failing, 309;

death of, 310;

burial of, 311, 312, 331

Danco land, 137, 143, 144, 149, 174

Darkness, soul-despairing, 295

Darkness, veil of, 276

Darwin, 96

Dawn, a long, 334;

shades of, 335

Day of departure, guesses at, 378

Day, the darkest, 323

Days and nights, change in length of, 221

Days of misery, 160;

rapidly getting shorter, 184, 248;

the darkest, 323;

of promise, 342, 343;

of feasting, 343

Debarkment, ready for, 29;

fourteenth, 145

December second, latitude and longitude, 378;

temperature, 379;

sixteenth, temperature, 381

Deception Island, 126, 192

Deep-sea creatures, 268, 269

De Gamboa, Pedro Sarmiento, survey’s Magellan Strait, 83

De Gerlache, Adrian, Commandant, 4, 5, 22;

projects exploring expedition, 39;

secures the Belgica, 41, 42;

visits Norway, 41, 43;

sinks financial support, 44;

room of, 56, 57;

attempts to land on Auguste Island, 132, 133, 141, 142, 158, 183;

inclines to winter in the pack, 191, 239, 244, 248, 287;

work on ship’s log, 300;

order of, 327, 335;

opinion of, 349, 372

Departing day, last signs of, 286

Deplorable condition, 336

Depth, increase in, 276

Despondency, 312

Destination, deceptive nearness of, 352, 353

Destiny, doubtful, 199–201

Destruction, threatened, 280

Detroit de la Belgica, 147

Diet, 351

Discoveries, names affixed to, 131;

on the threshold of, 154

Diurnal range, greatest, 381

Dobrowolsky, Ass. Meteorologist, 182;

assists Lecointe, 263, 336

Doyle, A. Conan, 308

Drake, Francis, Sir, 24;

through Magellan Strait, 83

Dredges, trawls and, 54

Drift, 209, 210, 262–266, 269, 271, 276, 297, 315, 337, 338;

longitudinal, 367, 378

Drift-snow, 227

Dulce de leche, 61

E

Easter Sunday 254, 255

Edges of the fields, difficulty in determining, 363

El Cerro, Mount of, 29

Electric glow, 247

Electricity, 273

Elizabeth, Queen, 24

Elizabeth Island, debarkment at, 77;

sheep-farming on, 77, 78;

discovery by Drake, 78

Embalmed meats, 208, 232

Energy decreasing, 300

Escapes, narrow, 150

Eskimo model, 336, 337

Evaporation, 351

Exact latitude, uncertainty of, 342

Excursion to iceberg, 286–288

Expedition, entire success of, 406

Extended outing, longing for, 345

Exercise, 334

Expedition, Belgian Antarctic, in Rio, 4, 6, 7;

farewell to, 12;

project of, 40–45;

feast for, 44;

leaves Antwerp, 45;

at Ostend, 46;

accepts Dr. Cook’s services, 47;

leaves Ostend, 48, 49;

prepared for scientific study, 53;

discomforts of, 93, 96

Expedition, Danish East Greenland, 43

Expedition, Vega, 45

F

Favourite temperature, 297

Feast, subscription, 44

February 7th, 8th, 144;

9th, 146;

12th, 150–152;

13th, 152;

14th, 156–159;

15th, 159;

16th, 162;

longitude, 164;

17th, rate of speed, 167, 168;

18th, 169;

19th, longitude, 172;

sounding, 175;

20th, temperature, 177;

21st, 180;

temperature and position, 183, 184;

22d, 184;

temperature, 187;

23d, 188–192;

latitude and longitude, 189;

24th, 192;

25th, temperature and position, 193;

27th, latitude and longitude, 193, 194;

28th, 194

Fire, excitement of a, 21, 246

First duty, 208

Fishing through a sounding-hole, 284

Fish, pelagic, 193

Fiskabolla, 233;

hatred of, 244

Fissures, large, 268

Fletcher, Rev. Mr., notes of, 24, 25

Floes, mysterious turning of, 210;

tendency of, 239;

disheartening change of, 278–280;

grown to encouraging dimensions, 305;

protecting, 306;

charged with bergs, 375;

lessening slowly, 381

Flores Island, heading for, 28

Food, dissatisfaction with, 231–233, 397, 398, 405

Force expended, 297

Fuegian life, studies of, 192

Fuegians, the unknown, 98

Fuel, necessary to economise, 256

Fur sealers, American, 129

G

Game, difficulty of bringing in, 243

Gaston Islands, 138

Geographical problems proven, 265

Giant petrels, 222, 223

Glaciers, 124

Gold-mining, 86, 89, 90

Government, Chilean, 100

Grahamland, 148, 151, 152, 155, 192;

questions as to coast of, 163

Grand Island, 148

Gray days, 204

Greenland, regions about, 295

Gregory Bay, landing in, 69–72

H

Hail storm, debarking in, 30

Halos, 363

Harry Island, landing on, 136, 137

Health, 301, 302, 307, 334, 335, 362

Heart action, 291, 292

Heated discussions, 327

Heavens, brightness of the, 247

High temperature, danger of, 296

Highway, 147, 197

Hoarfrost, fur of, 351

Home-going, 400, 401

Hope Harbour, in, 92

Horizon, cheerful glow of, 336

Horses, Patagonian, 72, 73

“Hotel,” captain’s, 280

Hotel Oriental, night’s rest in, 31

Housebuilding, 248, 249

Hovgaard, Captain, 45

Howard, Mr. Thomas W., U. S. Consul to Uruguay, 37

Hughes Inlet, in, 133, 134

Humidity, suffering caused by, 257

Hummocks, 273, 287

I

Ice, wall of, 128, 130, 135–139;

varieties of, 153;

new world of, 154, 155;

start out over the, 179;

rambling through, 202;

signs of pressure on the, 225;

crevassed, 239;

commotion in the, 253;

spreading of the, 255;

new, 328;

purple, 335;

experience of greenish yellow, 353;

now most continuous, 363;

studying the changes of, 386–388;

thickness of, 388

Icebergs, the first, 122, 129;

grazing on, 168, 169;

seventy-eight, 175;

different forms ascribed to, 180–182, 195–198;

disturbing element of, 229, 230;

huge tabular, 239;

changing positions of, 305;

winter effect upon, 330, 384

Ice-blink, 161, 195, 198

Ice crystals, 245, 260, 287

Ice-fields, 287

Ice-flowers, 237, 238

Ice-pack, colours of the, 225

Ice pans, size of, 197

Ice-plain, snowless, 380

Ice-ramming, two days of, 198

Ice-surface, condition of, 350, 351

Ice-haze, opaque circle of, 371

Igloo, 357, 358

Imprisoned in sight of open sea, 400

Incident, startling, 285, 286

Indian huts, sites of, 95

Individual floes, movement among, 274, 275

Insomnia, 374

Islands, 94, 95

J

Jackson apparatus, 354

January 1st, 386;

5th, 390;

9th, 391;

sounding, 392;

12th, 393

Johansen, 336

Journey due north, 239, 240

June 1st, 303, 304;

2d, temperature, 304;

3d, 305;

temperature, 308;

4th, 309;

5th, 310;

7th, 311;

temperature, 312;

10th, 312;

temperature, latitude and longitude, 314;

10th, temperature, 329;

12th, temperature, 214;

19th, temperature, 318;

22d, temperature, 323;

24th, temperature, latitude and longitude, 324;

26th, 325;

29th, 326

July 4th, Independence Day, 327;

8th, temperature, 328;

12th, 330;

14th, temperature, 333;

15th, 334;

17th, 334;

21st, temperature, 335;

latitude and longitude, 337;

22d, 339;

23d, 342;

temperature, 343;

24th, 343;

temperature, 344;

25th, 344;

31st, temperature, 350, 354

Jupiter, 324

K

Kartenaar, the, cruiser, 46

Keeping watch, 360, 361

Killing a seal, 222

Knudsen, 125, 336

Koren, Y., 182, 242, 243

Kydbolla, 232, 233

L

Labours appreciated, 406

Lamp chimneys, substitutes for, 318

Lamplight necessary, 269

Lamp specialist, 318

Land life, forms of, 18

Larder, addition to, 330

Larsen Islands, debarkment on, 138, 139

Latitude and longitude, 189, 198

Latitude, 194;

farthest south, 297

Laurys, Consul, 8

Lawrence, John, Mr., 97

Leads, large, 235;

large open, 236;

converted into lakes, 237;

breadth of, 239;

green colours of, 262;

general direction of, 353, 368, 379

Lecointe, George, captain, 4;

describes final departure, 48, 49, 56, 57;

victim of Mal de Mer, 66;

visits sheep farm, 72–76;

efforts to return to the Belgica, 76, 77;

volunteers to rescue Wiencke, 127, 128, 136;

reports discovery of islands, 143;

sees first south polar star, 162, 164, 181;

obtains an observation, 189, 215, 221;

pays a forfeit, 244;

puts up box-shaped house, 248;

first observation in new house, 249;

mending instruments, 259;

tries observations, 261;

sighting the stars, 262, 263, 276;

sees inexplicable light, 285;

deduces position, 297;

completes details, 300;

certificate presented by, 313;

experiment of, 314;

in the “baking treatment,” 321;

good humour of, 330;

bad symptoms of, 331;

recovery of, 333;

elation of, 337;

appearance of, 341, 349, 378;

observations, 391, 395

Legation, Belgian, 3

Leopold, King, 41;

visits the Belgica, 47;

birthday of, 249, 250, 386, 406

Leptonychotes Weddelli, 383

Le Maire, navigator, 83

Lichens, moss and, 141

Liege Island, 137, 145, 148

Life, only cheerful, 183;

on the pack, 202;

value of, 372

Livingston Island, 123, 124

Light daily increasing, 330

Loboden Carcinophaga, 368, 383

Londonderry Island, on, 95, 96

Long night, commencement of, 278;

fifth day of, 288

Low Island, 128

M

Machine, Monacho, 55

Magalhães, Fernão de, 67–69

Magelestris, 186

Magellan, 82, 98

Magellan Strait, fortification of, 83

Magdalene Sound, through, 93

Mail, reading the, 405

Mainland, continuation of, 162

Mal de mer, 65, 66

March 1st, latitude and longitude, 264;

4th, 201;

sounding, 202;

13th, 206;

15th, 211;

16th, 214;

temperature, 218;

17th, temperature, 221;

18th, 221;

19th, 223;

20th, temperature, latitude and longitude, 227;

21st, 230;

22d, temperature, 234;

23d, temperature, 234;

25th, 236;

26th, temperature, 237;

27th, 238;

28th, 241, 401;

29th, 241;

31st, temperature, 243

Maury, Lieutenant, 54

May 1, 274;

16th, latitude and longitude, 281;

17th, 283;

temperature, 284;

18th, 286;

health and spirits, 289–292;

22d, temperature, 292;

27th, temperature, 294;

29th, 296;

temperature, 297;

31st, latitude, 367;

latitude and longitude, 297;

temperature, 298

Meal, a needed, 354;

time in preparing a, 356

Medicament of little service, 331, 332

Megaptera Boops, 369

Melaerts, J., 336

Men, humorous and sorrowful sight of, 173;

kept busy, 305

Menendez, Alexander, Chilean sheep-farmer, 72, 73–75, 107

Mending, 259

Meteorological work, 300

Michotte, the cook, importance of, 182;

strength of, 331

Midnight, darkest days of, 318–321

Midnight thaw, 318

Mirage of the moon, 299

Mirages seen for the first time, 184

Mission, success of, 390, 391

Mist, opaque, 361

Monotony, effect of, 301

Mount Allo, 130, 138

Mount Brugman, 137

Mount Buena Vista, form of, 22

Mount Pierre, 130

Mount Sarmiento, glaciers of, 94

Mount William, 147

Montevideo, cable message to, 405;

in the harbour of, 28;

city of, 29, 31–33;

University of, 33;

time spent in, 35;

promenades of, 36;

charming women of, 36, 37;

general impressions of, 38

Monte-Video, San Felipe de, 31

Month of August, disappointment in, 362

Months, happiest, 270, 271

Moon, anomalous faces of the, 206;

curious attraction of the, 247;

first glimpse of, 269, 270

Monotony, 326

Mother Earth, substitute for, 306

Murray, John, “Antarctica” of, 265

Mysterious land signs of, 185, 186

N

Nansen, Fridtjof, Dr., 43;

wires Belgian expedition, 45;

health of crew of, 321;

pattern of, 347;

tent plans of, 348

Nansen Island, 144, 148

“Nansen,” the mascot, 325, 326

Narratives, part suppressed of, 290

Nautical observations, conditions permitting, 172

Navigation, extreme difficulty of, 185

Navigation, season for, 188

Neumayer Channel, 148

Neumayer, Dr., 45

News, happiest, 338

Newspapers, 404

Newly discovered land, formal taking possession of, 240

New Year’s Day, 386–389

Nights, character of, 176, 177

Night of special interest, 151, 152

Noises, 132, 187, 197, 198, 297

Noonatak, ascent of a, 141–143

Noonataks, 138

Nordenskiold, Professor, 39

Notable sights, 146

Northerly winds, characteristic of, 261

November 4th, 18;

7th, 19;

8th, 20;

10th, 27;

9th, 373;

16th, storm on, 61–64;

25th, latitude and longitude, 373;

26th, 274, 376;

temperature, 375;

27th, temperature, 377

O

Observations, 263

Occupations, 269, 382

Oceanography, 54

October 15th, 367;

29th, 30

Officers and men, work of, 397, 398

Official holidays, 336

Official weather forecasts, 350

Ogmorhynus Leptonyx, 383

Omnatoplesca Rossi, 392

Onas, notes on the, 97;

the giant, 99;

homes of, 99, 100;

trouble with, 100, 101;

population, 102, 103;

physical development, 103, 104;

mental equipment, 104;

language, 105;

food, 105, 106;

delegation to sheep farm, 106–108;

weapons, 108, 109;

chase, 109, 110;

clothing, 110;

house, 111;

family, 112;

Ona girl, 112–114;

marriage relations, 114–116;

unwritten laws, 116, 117;

morals, 117, 118

Open leads, no, 336

Open sea, heading for the, 400

Open spaces of water, special study in finding, 363, 364

Opinion, difference of, 206, 207

Ossifragea gigantea, 383

Ossifrages, 186

Osterrieth, Madame, 44

Osterrieth Mountains, 146

Outhouses, 273, 280

Outlook, melancholy, 294

P

Pack, expansion of, 228, 229;

appearance of, in drift snow, 235;

danger of venturing over the, 268;

movement in the, 374, 375

Pack-ice, southward through the, 163, 164;

in the, 183;

travelling over, 386;

last latitude of, 400

“Pack Loafer’s World,” 232

Pagodroma nivea, 381

Palmer archipelago, 148

Palmer, Nathaniel, Captain, 129, 148

Pampero, 61–64

Panorama, view of new, 163

Pans separated, 359, 360;

diminution of, 379

Paraselenas, 247, 258, 363

Parhelias, 245, 247, 258, 260, 363, 371

Patagonia, along the coast of, 64–66;

sheep farming in, 73–75

Paths, 273

Patria, the, 41

Peary, Arctic Expedition, 331

Peary, Lieutenant, 147, 316

Peary, Mrs., 7

Peculiar phenomena, 389

Pedersen, Captain, 41

Penguins, 78, 79;

city of, 143, 186, 187;

royal, 193, 198, 201, 202, 210;

weird response of, 224, 229;

meat use of, 234;

group of, 235;

tracks, direction of, 239;

meat, 333, 334;

hunting, new system of, 382

Peter Island, 202, 265

Petrels, 193, 198, 201, 218, 229

Phosphorescent snow, 286

Phosphorescence, tests of, 367, 368

Photographic, day, a, 145

Photographs, feeble light for, 262, 293, 373

Photograph, midnight, 144

Physical appearance, 398

Physical loss, 291

Physiognomies, curious, 404

Polar anæmia, 302, 321, 322, 331

Polar farm, 279

Polar night, attractions of, 366

Polar regions, reasons for fascination of, 218–220

Polar river, great, 356

Polar summer, passing into, 370

Polar work, Brazilian versions of, 7

Port Famine, 84

Predecessors, historical record of, 129, 130

Premonitions, 190

Presidents, methods for changing, 28, 29

Pressure, great, 298

Prismatic effects, 260

Programmes, long series of new, 192, 372

Puntas Arenas, growth of, 80;

astonishing character, 81, 82;

history of, 82–86;

street scenes, 86–88;

location, 88;

result of discoveries, 88–90;

architecture, 90;

immigrants, 90, 91;

leaving, 92;

in port at, 401–405

Q

Questions, 315

R

Racovitza, Emile, zoölogist, in advance of expedition, 8, 42;

arrangements made by, 81, 132, 133, 136;

discovery of, 143;

finds sea algae, 175;

plans of, 192;

studies, 241, 242;

kills seals, 243, 244;

patches pantaloons, 259;

fishes, 267, 268;

in the laboratory, 299;

plans a book, 300;

humor of, 337;

plays whist, 344;

sees new bird, 377;

gets specimens, 391;

remark of, 395, 405

Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 83

Recreation, 239

Recuperation, backwardness in, 365, 366

Regions, disheartening series of, 351

Renewed interest, 342

Resting place for the night, 150

Results, 390, 391

Retribution, H. M. S., 32

Reynard, H. I., Mr., originator of first Magellanic sheep farming, 77, 78

Rhodes, 91

Ridges, 272, 273

Rio de Janeiro, city of, 10–12

Rio de la Plata, importance of the, 22, 23;

in the, 59, 60

Rio, from Madeira to, 17

Rio Grande do Sul, province of, 20

Rising, difficulty of, 303, 304

Ross seals, 392

Routine, regular, 301

Royal Geographical Society opens subscription list, 41

S

Sail Rock, 125, 126

Samples of sea life, 299

Sanarelli, I., Dr., Italian bacteriologist, 33–35

Sandy Point, first sight of, 79

Schollaert, Mr., Minister of the Interior, 44

Schouten, navigator, 83

Scene, a despairing, 196;

fairy-like, 352

Scientific staff, short excursions of, 227;

return home of, 405

Sea algae, 175, 217, 286

Sea-ice, 229, 230

Sea lanes, 217

Sea-leopard, 210, 211

Seals, 186, 198, 201, 202, 210, 328, 329;

examine tent, 360;

killed, 277;

means of obtaining, 382

Sealers, Norwegian, 40

Sealing, 27

“Seal, new,” 180

Seal shooting, 293

Securing game, efforts in, 364

Sensation, a strange, 199

September 8th, temperature, 363

Settlement, penal, 84, 85

Sheep farming, 73–76, 86, 89, 100, 102

Ship arranged for the winter, 271, 272

Short-lived hilarity, cause of, 372, 373

Sierra Du Fief, 147

Sight, an exciting, 204–206

Signs, constant, 203;

deceptive, 186;

of nearness to open sea, 275, 276

Silence, 343

Situation, a curious, 199

Ski, on, 235, 239, 248, 274, 306, 319, 320, 329, 353, 384

Ski-travelling, excellent, 239

Skis and sledges, difficulty of using, 242

Skis, Norwegian, 228

Sledge journeys, 349

Sledges, lesson learned regarding, 244

Sledging party, return of, 359, 362

Sledge-shoeing, 351

Sledging-party, 349

Sledge travelling, 350–353, 355, 356, 359–362

Sleep, character of, 201

Sleeping bag, 212, 214

Smith Island, 123

Snowfall, total, 379

Snow, filled with, 371, 372

Snowhouse, building the second, 356, 357;

sojourn in, 358

Snow made adhesive, 242

Snow-shoes, 222;

travel on, 228

Snow showers, 376

Social enthusiasm worn out, 385, 386

Society, Rio Geographical, 10, 12

Solid ground, longing for, 386

Solvay, Mr., promoter of science, 40

Sophie Rocks, opposite, 144

Sounding, 202;

deep-sea, 189

Soundings, 121, 122

South America, milk and butter in, 60, 61;

most noted man in, 33

South American cities, growth of, 25

Southern cross, 315

South polar exploration, season for, 43

South polar lands shielded, 203

South Shetland Islands, 121–125, 128, 129

Special feast, 313

Star, first south polar, 162

Steaming slowly westward, 152

Staten Island, final adieu at, 121

Steubenrach, Mr., 100

Storm, a melancholy, 126–128;

demons, 62–64;

effect of, 220–224;

off Patagonia, 61–64;

on edge of the pack, 194–197

Storms, temperature after, 227

Stoves, 316–318

Strait of Magellan, in the, 69–71

Suits, different styles of, 347

Summer nightless days, 373, 374

Sun, a peep at the, 224;

unreliable as a fixed point, 261;

sight of the returning, 339–342;

normal face of the, 344, 345;

highest altitude of, 387

Sun effect, 283, 284

Sunset phenomena, 187, 188, 190;

strikingly beautiful, 19, 20

Sunday jaunt, 293

Sunday, observance of, 296

Sunburst, slight suggestion of, 277, 278

Sunshine, rarity of, 376

Surroundings, new charms of, 201

Surprise, ornithological, 171

Survey, 145

System, American Sigsbee, 54

T

Tabular iceberg, deceptive nearness of, 352;

distance and appearance of, 355, 356;

reached, 383–385

Task, first large, 121

Temperature, 137, 209, 210, 218, 224, 333;

maximum and minimum, 363, 372, 373;

normal, 377, 383

Temperatures at various depths, 189

Tent pitched, 353, 354, 360, 361

Tents, 348

Terre de Danco, 149

Thaw coming, 222

Tierra del Fuego, 186, 390

Tollefsen, 179;

permanently deranged, 385

Top line, 287

Tonite, 53;

explosive power of, 394, 395

Torro, the, gunboat, 92

Tracks, 335

Transformation, rapid, 208, 209

Treatment, system of, 332

Trenches, cutting, 393, 394

Triangulation, sights made for, 138

Trophies, 385

Tropical night, approach of, 16

Twilight, bright blue, 344;

midday, 288, 299

Two days gale, 370–372

Two Hummock Islands, 136

U

Undercurrent, suggestion of an, 375

Uruguay, sandy beds of, 27, 28;

population, 31;

imports, 32;

fruit and vegetables of, 60

Ushuaia, small town of, 97

V

Van der Steen, Count, Minister of Belgian Legation, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 16

Van Mirlo, desperate effort of, 361

Van Wyck Island, 148

Van Wyck, Mayor, 148

View, general aspect of, 272, 273

Vapour, peculiar, 287

Ventilation, best means of, 256

Vessel, desperate attempt to reach, 361, 362

View, superb, 136, 137

Volunteers called for, 141

Visit of penguins and seals, 210

W

Walk, awkward, 402, 403

Wandel, Commander, of Copenhagen, 43

Warm weather, constant complaints of, 277

Watches, 355

Water-sky, 171, 185, 187, 217, 305

Water supply, 139, 140

Wauwermans Islands, 147

Weather unendurable, 308

Weddell sea-leopards, 356

Weddell Sea, search for opening into, 135

Welcoming the day, 342

Westerly, a chance to push, 193

Whaleboat Sound, in, 94, 95

Whist, game of, 304

White House, 8

White rainbow, or fog-eater, 262

White Squadron, 32

Wiencke, loss of, 126–128

Wiencke Island, 147

Wild life, stirs of, 165

Wilhelmina Bay, 143

Wilhelmina, Queen, 46, 386

Wilke, 266

“Williwaws,” 93

Wind, fury of the, 20, 21;

weather depending on the, 258, 310;

service of, 388

Winter campaign of work, 241

Wintering in the pack, opposition to, 191, 192

Work, first and most important, 271

Women, first glimpse of, 403

Y

Yacht Club, Antwerp, 46

Yahgans, 99

Yankee Harbour, 192

Yellow fever, germ of, 33–35