Volume 2 / Part 2 — CHAPTER 2.XXVIII. (continued 2)

CORRELATION of skull and limbs in swine. -of tusks and bristles in swine. -of multiplicity of horns and coarseness of wool in sheep. -of beak and feet in pigeons. -between nestling down and colour of plumage in pigeons. -of changes in silkworms. -in plants. -in maize. -in pigeons. -in fowls.

CORRESPONDING periods, inheritance at.

CORRIENTES, dwarf cattle of.

CORRINGHAM, Mr., influence of selection on pigs.

CORSICA, ponies of.

"CORTBECK" (pigeon) of Aldrovandi.

Corvus corone, and C. cornix, hybrids of.

Corydalis, flower of.

Corydalis cava.

Corydalis solida, sterile when peloric.

Corydalis tuberosa, peloric by reversion.

Corylus avellana.

COSTA, A., on shells transferred from England to the Mediterranean.

COUES, Dr. E., on a monstrous chicken.

COWPER, Mr. WHITE, defective development of the dental system.

"COUVE TRONCHUDA."

COW, inheritance of loss of one horn in the. -amount of milk furnished by the. -development of six mammae in.

COWSLIP.

CRACIDAE, sterility of the, in captivity.

CRANES, fertility of, in captivity.

Crataegus oxyacantha.

Crataegus monogyna.

Crataegus sibirica.

CRAWFURD, J., Malasian cats. -horses of the Malay Archipelago. -horses of Japan. -occurrence of stripes in young wild pigs of Malacca. -on a Burmese hairy family with deficient teeth. -Japanese origin of the bantam. -game fowls of the Philippine Islands. -hybrids of Gallus varius and domestic fowl. -domestication of Gallus bankiva. -feral fowls in the Pellew Islands. -history of the fowl. -history of the domestic duck. -domestication of the goose. -cultivated plants of New Zealand. -breeding of tame elephants in Ava. -sterility of Goura coronata in confinement. -geese of the Philippine Islands.

CREEPERS, a breed of fowls.

CRESTED fowl. -figured.

"CREVE-COEUR," a French sub-breed of fowls.

CRISP, Dr., on the brains of the hare and rabbit.

CROCKER, C.W., singular form of Begonia frigida. -sterility in Ranunculus ficaria.

CROCUS.

CROSS-BREEDING, permanent effect of, on the female.

CROSSING. -a cause of uniformity. -occurs in all organised beings. -some characters not blended by. -modifications and new races produced by. -causes which check. -domestication and cultivation favourable to. -beneficial effects of. -necessary in some plants. -summary of subject of. -of dogs with wolves in North America. -with Canis cancrivorus in Guiana. -of dog with wolf, described by Pliny and others. -characters furnished by, brought out by reversion in the progeny. -a direct cause of reversion. -a cause of variability.

CRUSTACEA, macrourous, differences in the development of the.

CRUSTACEAN with an antenna-like development of the eye-peduncle.

CRYPTOGAMIC plants, bud-variation in.

CUBA, wild dogs of.

"CUCKOO," sub-breeds of fowls.

CUCUMBER, variation in number of carpels of. -supposed crossing of varieties of the.

Cucumis momordica.

Cucumis sativa.

Cucurbita, dwarf, correlation of leaves in.

Cucurbita maxima.

Cucurbita moschata.

Cucurbita pepo. -varieties of. -relation in size and number of fruit of.

CUCURBITACEAE. -supposed crossing of. -Naudin's observations on hybrids of. -acclimatisation of.

"CULBUTANTS" (pigeons).

CULTIVATION of plants, origin of, among savages. -fertility increased by.

CUNIER, on hereditary night-blindness.

CUPPLES, Mr., pairing of deer-hounds.

CURRANTS, of Tierra del Fuego. bud-variation in.

CURTIS, Mr., bud-variation in the rose.

CUVIER, on the gestation of the wolf. -the odour of the jackal, an obstacle to domestication. -differences of the skull in dogs. -external characters of dogs. -elongation of the intestines in domestic pigs. -fertility of the hook-billed duck. -hybrid of ass and zebra. -breeding of animals in the Jardin des Plantes. -sterility of predaceous birds in captivity. -facility of hybridisation in confinement.

CYANOSIS, affection of fingers in.

CYCLAMEN, bud-variation in.

Cynara cardunculus.

Cynips fecundatrix.

Cynocephalus hamadryas.

Cyprinus auratus.

Cyrtanthus.

Cyrtopodium.

Cytisus adami, its bud-variation. -seedlings from. -different views of its origin. -experiments in crossing C. purpureus and laburnum to produce. -its production by M. Adam. -discussion of origin of.

Cytisus alpino-laburnum, ovules and pollen of. -origin of.

Cytisus alpinus.

Cytisus laburnum.

Cytisus purpureo-elongatus, ovules and pollen of. -production of.

Cytisus purpureus.

DAHLBOHM, effects of food on hymenoptera.

DAHLIA. -bud-variation by tubers in the. -improvement of, by selection. -steps in cultivation of. -effect of conditions of life on. -correlation of form and colour in.

DAISY, hen-and-chicken. -Swan River.

DALBRET, varieties of wheat.

DALIBERT, changes in the odours of plants.

DALLY, Dr., on consanguineous marriages.

DALTONISM, hereditary.

DAMARAS, cattle of.

DAMSON.

DANDOLO, Count, on silkworms.

DANIELL, fertility of English dogs in Sierra Leone.

DANISH Middens, remains of dogs in.

DAPPLING in horses, asses, and hybrids.

DARESTE, C., on the skull of the Polish fowl. -causes of variability. -on the production of monstrous chickens. -co-existence of anomalies. -production of double monsters.

DARVILL, Mr., heredity of good qualities in horses.

DARWIN, C., on Lepus magellanicus. -on the wild potato. -dimorphism in the polyanthus and primrose.

DARWIN, Dr., improvement of vegetables by selection.

DARWIN, Sir F., wildness of crossed pigs.

DARWIN, G., consanguineous marriages.

D'ASSO, monogynous condition of the hawthorn in Spain.

Dasyprocta aguti.

DATE-PALM, varieties of the.

DATURA. -variability in.

Datura laevis and stramonium, reversion in hybrids of.

Datura stramonium.

DAUBENTON, variations in the number of mammae in dogs. -proportions of intestines in wild and domestic cats.

DAUDIN, on white rabbits.

DAVY, Dr., on sheep in the West Indies.

DAWKINS, W. BOYD, history of the dog. -origin of cattle. -early domestication of Bos longifrons in Britain.

DEAF-MUTES, non-heredity in.

DEAFNESS, inheritance of.

DEAN, potato-grafting.

DEBY, wild hybrids of common and musk ducks.

DE CANDOLLE, ALPH., number and origin of cultivated plants. -regions which have furnished no useful plants. -wild wheat. -wild rye and oats. -antiquity of varieties of wheat. -apparent inefficacy of selection in wheat. -origin and cultivation of maize. -colours of seeds of maize. -varieties and origin of the cabbage. -origin of the garden-pea. -on the vine. -cultivated species of the orange group. -probable Chinese origin of the peach. -on the peach and nectarine. -varieties of the peach. -origin of the apricot. -origin and varieties of the plum. -origin of the cherry. -varieties of the gooseberry. -selection practised with forest-trees. -wild fastigiate oak. -dark-leaved varieties of trees. -conversion of stamens into pistils in the poppy. -variegated foliage. -heredity of white hyacinths. -changes in oaks dependent on age. -inheritance of anomalous characters. -variation of plants in their native countries. -deciduous bushes becoming evergreen in hot climates. -antiquity of races of plants.

DE CANDOLLE, P., non-variability of monotypic genera. -relative development of root and seed in Raphanus sativus.

DECAISNE, on the cultivation of the wild carrot. -varieties of the pear. -intercrossing of strawberries. -fruit of the apple. -sterility of Lysimachia nummularia. -tender variety of the peach.

DEER, assumption of horns by female. -imperfect development of horns in a, on a voyage.

DEER, fallow.

DEERHOUND, Scotch, difference in size of the sexes of. -deterioration of.

DEGENERATION of high-bred races, under neglect.

DE JONGHE, J., on strawberries. -soft-barked pears. -on accumulative variation. -resistance of blossoms to frost.

DELAMER, E.S., on rabbits.

Delphinium ajacis.

Delphinium consolida.

DELPINO on Pangenesis.

Dendrocygna viduata.

DENNY, H., lice of Aperea.

DENTITION, variations of, in the horse.

DEODAR.

DESMAREST, distribution of white on dogs. -cat from the Cape of Good Hope. -cats of Madagascar. -occurrence of striped young in Turkish pigs. -French breeds of cattle. -horns of goats. -on hornless goats.

DESPORTES, number of varieties of roses.

DEVAY, Dr., singular case of albinism. -on the marriage of cousins. -on the effects of close interbreeding.

DEVELOPMENT and metamorphosis.

DEVELOPMENT, arrests of.

DEVELOPMENT, embryonic.

D'HERVEY-SAINT-DENYS, L., on the Yami, or imperial race of the Chinese.

DHOLE, fertility of the, in captivity.

DIABETES, occurrence of, in three brothers.

Dianthus, contabescent plants of. -hybrid varieties of.

Dianthus armeria and deltoides, hybrids of.

Dianthus barbatus.

Dianthus caryophyllus.

Dianthus japonicus, contabescence of female organs in.

Diapheromera femorata.

DICHOGAMOUS plants.

DICKSON, Mr., on "running" in carnations. -on the colours of tulips.

Dicotyles torquatus and labiatus.

DIEFFENBACH, dog of New Zealand. -feral cats in New Zealand. -polydactylism in Polynesia.

Dielytra.

DIET, change of.

Digitalis, properties of, affected by culture.

DIGITS, supernumerary. -analogy of, with embryonic conditions. -fusion of.

DIMORPHIC plants. -conditions of reproduction in.

DIMORPHISM, reciprocal.

DINGO, -variation of, in colour. -half-bred, attempting to burrow. -attraction of foxes by a female. -variations of, in confinement.

DIOECIOUSNESS of strawberries.

DISEASES, inheritance of. -inherited at corresponding periods of life. -peculiar to localities and climates. -obscure correlations in. -affecting certain parts of the body. -occurring in alternate generations.

DISTEMPER, fatal to white terriers.

DISUSE and use of parts, effects of. -in the skeleton of rabbits. -in pigeons. -in fowls. -in ducks. -in the silk-moth.

DIVERGENCE, influence of, in producing breeds of pigeons.

DIXON, E.S., on the musk duck. -on feral ducks. -on feral pigeons in Norfolk Island. -crossing of pigeons. -origin of domestic fowls. -crossing of Gallus sonneratii and common fowl. -occurrence of white in the young chicks of black fowls. -Paduan fowl of Aldrovandi. -peculiarities of the eggs of fowls. -chickens. -late development of the tail in Cochin cocks. -comb of lark-crested fowls. -development of webs in Polish fowls. -on the voice of fowls. -origin of the duck. -ducks kept by the Romans. -domestication of the goose. -gander frequently white. -breeds of turkeys. -incubatory instinct of mongrels of non-sitting races of fowls. -aversion of the dovecote pigeon to pair with fancy birds. -fertility of the goose. -general sterility of the guans in captivity. -fertility of geese in captivity. -white pea-fowl.

DOBELL, H., inheritance of anomalies of the extremities. -non-reversion to a malformation.

DOBRIZHOFFER, abhorrence of incest by the Abipones.

DOGS, origin of. -ancient breeds of. -of Neolithic, Bronze and Iron periods in Europe. -resemblance of, to various species of Canidae. -of North America compared with wolves. -of the West Indies, South America, and Mexico. -of Guiana. -naked dogs of Paraguay and Peru. -dumb, on Juan Fernandez. -of Juan de Nova. -of La Plata. -of Cuba. -of St. Domingo. -correlation of colour in. -gestation of. -hairless Turkish. -inter-crossing of different breeds of. -characters of different breeds of, discussed. -degeneration of European, in warm climates. -liability to certain diseases in different breeds of. -causes of differences of breeds discussed. -catching fish and crabs in New Guinea and Tierra del Fuego. -webbing of the feet in. -influence of selection in producing different breeds of. -retention of original habits by. -inheritance of polydactylism in. -feral. -reversion in fourth generation of. -of the Pacific Islands. -mongrel. -comparative facility of crossing different breeds of. -fertility of. -interbreeding of. -selection of, among the Greeks. -among savages. -unconscious selection of. -valued by the Fuegians. -climatal changes in hair of. -production of drooping ears in. -rejection of bones of game by. -inheritance of rudiments of limbs in. -development of fifth toe in. -hairless, deficiency of teeth in. -short-faced, teeth of. -probable analogous variation in. -extinction of breeds of.

DOMBRAIN, H.H., on the auricula.

DOMESTICATION, essential points in. -favourable to crossing. -fertility increased by.

DOMESTICATED animals, origin of -occasional sterility of, under changed conditions.

DONDERS, Dr., hereditary hypermetropia.

DORKING fowl. -furculum of, figured.

DORMOUSE.

DOUBLE flowers. -produced by selection.

DOUBLEDAY, H., cultivation of the filbert pine strawberry.

DOUGLAS, J., crossing of white and black game-fowls.

DOWNING, Mr., wild varieties of the hickory. -peaches and nectarines from seed. -origin of the Boston nectarine. -American varieties of the peach. -North American apricot. -varieties of the plum. -origin and varieties of the cherry. -"twin-cluster pippins." -varieties of the apple. -on strawberries. -fruit of the wild gooseberry. -effects of grafting upon the seed. -diseases of plum and peach tree. -injury done to stone fruit in America by the "weevil." -grafts of the plum and peach. -wild varieties of pears. -varieties of fruit-trees suitable to different climates.

DOWNING, Mr. J., sterility of shorthorns.

Draba sylvestris.

DRAGON (pigeon).

"DRAIJER" (pigeon).

DRINKING, effects of, in different climates.

DROMEDARY, selection of.

DRUCE, Mr., interbreeding. -value of cross breed of pigs.

DU CHAILLU, fruit-trees in West Africa.

DUCHESNE, on Fragaria vesca.

DUFOUR, LEON, on Cecidomyia and Misocampus.

DUCK, musk, retention of perching habit by the. -feral hybrid of.

DUCK, penguin, hybrid of, with Egyptian goose.

Duck, wild, difficulty of rearing. -effects of domestication on.

DUCKS, breeds of. -origin of. -history of. -wild, easily tamed. -fertility of breeds of, when crossed. -with the plumage of Anas boschas. -Malayan penguin, identical in plumage with English. -characters of the breeds of. -eggs of. -effects of use and disuse in. -feral, in Norfolk. -Aylesbury, inheritance of early hatching by. -reversion in, produced by crossing. -wildness of half-bred wild. -hybrids of, with the musk duck. -assumption of male plumage by. -crossing of Labrador and penguin. -increased fertility of, by domestication. -general fertility of, in confinement. -increase of size of, by care in breeding. -change produced by domestication in.

DUMERIL, AUG., breeding of Siredon in the branchiferous stage.

DUN-COLOURED horses, origin of.

DUREAU DE LA MALLE, feral pigs in Louisiana. -feral fowls in Africa. -bud-variation in the pear. -production of mules among the Romans.

Dusicyon silvestris.

DUTCH rabbit.

DUTCH roller pigeon.

DUTROCHET, pelorism in the laburnum.

DUVAL, growth of pears in woods in France.

DUVAL-JOUVE, on Leersia oryzoides.

DUVERNOY, self-impotence in Lilium candidum.

DZIERZON, variability in the characters and habits of bees.

EARLE, Dr., on colour-blindness.

EARS, of fancy rabbits. -deficiency of, in breeds of rabbits. -rudimentary, in Chinese sheep. -drooping. -fusion of.

EATON, J.M., on fancy pigeons. -variability of characters in breeds of pigeons. -reversion of crossed pigeons to coloration of Columba livia. -on pigeon-fancying. -on tumbler-pigeons. -carrier-pigeon. -effects of interbreeding on pigeons. -properties of pigeons. -death of short-faced tumblers in the egg. -Archangel-pigeon.

ECHINODERMATA, metagenesis in.

Ectopistes, specific difference in number of tail-feathers in.

Ectopistes migratorius, sterile hybrids of, with Turtur vulgaris.

EDENTATA, correlation of dermal system and teeth in the.

EDGEWORTH, Mr., use of grass-seeds as food in the Punjab.

EDMONSTON, Dr., on the stomach in Larus argentatus and the raven.

EDWARDS and Colin, on English wheat in France.

EDWARDS, W.F., absorption of the minority in crossed races.

EDWARDS, W.W., occurrence of stripes in a nearly thoroughbred horse. -in foals of racehorses.

EGGS, of fowls, characters of. -variations of, in ducks. -of the silk-moth.

EGYPT, ancient dogs of. -ancient domestication of the pigeon in. -absence of the fowl in ancient.

EGYPTIAN goose, hybrids of, with penguin duck.

EHRENBERG, Prof., multiple origin of the dog. -dogs of Lower Egypt. -mummies of Felis maniculata.

ELEMENTS of the body, functional independence of the.

ELEPHANT, its sterility in captivity.

ELK, Irish, correlations in the.

ELLIOT, Sir WALTER, on cats in India. -on striped horses. -Indian domestic and wild swine. -pigeons from Cairo and Constantinople. -fantail pigeons. -Lotan tumbler pigeons. -a pigeon uttering the sound "Yahu." -Gallus bankiva in Pegu.

ELLIS, Mr., varieties of cultivated plants in Tahiti.

ELM, nearly evergreen Cornish variety of the. -foliage-varieties of the.

ELM, weeping. -not reproduced by seed.

Emberiza passerina.

EMBRYOS, similarity of. -fusion of.

ENGEL, on Laurus sassafras.

ENGLAND, domestication of Bos longifrons in. -selection of horses in. -in mediaeval times. -laws against the early slaughter of rams in.

EPHEMERIDAE, development of the.

Epidendrum cinnabarinum. -and E. zebra.

EPILEPSY, hereditary.

Equus burchellii.

Equus quagga.

Equus indicus.

Equus taeniopus.

ERDT, disease of the white parts of cattle.

ERICACEAE, frequency of contabescence in the.

ERICHTHONIUS, an improver of horses by selection.

ERMAN, on the fat-tailed Kirghisian sheep. -on the dogs of the Ostyaks.

Erodium.

Erythrina crista-galli and E. herbacea, hybrids of.

Eschscholtzia californica, self-sterile in England.

ESQUILANT, Mr., on the naked young of dun-coloured pigeons.

ESQUIMAUX dogs, their resemblance to wolves. -selection of.

ESQUIROL, on hereditary insanity.

EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS, on appendages under the jaw of pigs.

Euonymus japonicus.

Euphorbia maculata.

EUROPEAN cultivated plants, still wild in Europe.

EVANS, Mr., on the Lotan tumbler pigeon.

EVELYN, pansies grown in his garden.

EVEREST, R., on the Newfoundland dog in India. -degeneration of setters in India. -Indian wild boars.

EWES, hornless.

EXTINCTION of domestic races.

EYES, hereditary peculiarities of the. -loss of, causing microphthalmia in children. -modification of the structure of, by natural selection.

EYEBROWS, hereditary elongation of hairs in.

EYELIDS, inherited peculiarities of the.

EYTON, Mr., on gestation in the dog. -variability in number of vertebrae in the pig. -individual sterility.

Faba vulgaris.

Fabre, observations on Aegilops triticoides.

Fagus sylvatica.

FAIRWEATHER, Mr., production of double flowers from old seed.

FAIVRE, on the Primula sinensis.

Falco albidus, resumption of young plumage by, in captivity.

Falco ossifragus.

Falco subbuteo, copulating in captivity.

Falco tinnunculus, breeding in captivity.

FALCONER, Dr., sterility of English bulldogs in India. -resemblance between Sivatherium and Niata cattle. -selection of the silkworm in India. -fastigiate apple-trees in Calcutta. -reproduction of a supernumerary thumb after amputation. -fertility of the dhole in captivity. -fertility of English dogs in India. -sterility of the tiger in captivity. -turkeys at Delhi. -on Indian cultivated plants. -Thibet mastiff and goat.

FALCONS, sterility of, in captivity.

FALKLAND Islands, horses of the. -feral pigs of the. -feral cattle of the. -feral rabbits of the.

FALLOW deer.

FANTAIL pigeons. -figured. -furculum of, figured. -history of. -absence of oil-gland in.

FAROE Islands, pigeons of the.

FASHION, influence of, in breeding.

FASTIGIATE trees.

FAUNAS, geographical differences of.

"FAVOURITE" bull.

FEATHERS, homologous variation in.

FEET, of pigeons, individual differences of. -correlations of external characters in.

FEET and beak, correlation of, in pigeons.

FELIDAE, fertility of, in captivity.

Felis bubastes.

Felis caffra.

Felis caligulata.

Felis chaus.

Felis jubata.

Felis lybica.

Felis maniculata.

Felis manul.

Felis ornata.

Felis sylvestris.

Felis torquata.

FEMALE, affected by male element.

FEMALE flowers, in male panicle of maize.

FENN, Mr., grafting potatoes.

FENNEL, Italian variety of.

FERAL cats. -cattle. -rabbits. -Guinea fowl. -animals and plants, reversion in.

FERGUSON, Mr., supposed plurality of origin of domestic fowls. -chickens of black game-fowls. -relative size of eggs of fowls. -yolk of eggs of game-fowls. -early pugnacity of game-cocks. -voice of the Malay fowl. -effects of interbreeding on fowls. -selection in Cochin-China fowls. -on fashion in poultry.

FERNANDEZ, on Mexican dogs.

FERNS, reproduction of abnormal forms of, by spores. -non-diffusion of cell-gemmules in.

FERRETS.

FERTILISATION, artificial, of the St. Valery apple.

FERTILITY, various degrees of, in sheep. -unlimited mutual, of breeds of pigeons. -comparative, of mongrels and hybrids. -influence of nourishment on. -diminished by close interbreeding. -reduced, of Chillingham wild cattle. -of domesticated varieties when crossed.

Festuca, species of, propagated by bulblets.

FILBERTS, spared by tomtits.

FILIPPI, on the breeding of branchiferous tritons.

FINCHES, general sterility of, in captivity.

FINNIKIN (pigeon).

FINNOCCHIO.

FIR, Scotch, acclimatisation of.

FISH, Mr., advantage of change of soil to plants.

FISHES, regeneration of portions of fins of. -variability of, when kept in tanks. -marine, living in fresh water. -double monsters of.

FISSION and gemmation.

FITCH, Mr., persistency of a variety of the pea.

FITTEST, survival of the.

FITZINGER, origin of sheep. -African maned sheep.

FITZPATRICK, Mr., potato-grafting.

FIXEDNESS of character, conditions of, discussed.

FLAX, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings. -climatal difference in products of.

FLEECE, fineness of, in Austrian merinos.

FLEISCHMANN, on German sheep crossed with merinos.

"FLORENTINER-TAUBE."

FLOUNDER.

FLOURENS, crossing of wolf and dog. -prepotency of the jackal over the dog. -hybrids of the horse and ass. -breeding of monkeys in Europe.

FLOWER-GARDEN, earliest known, in Europe.

FLOWERS, capricious transmission of colour-varieties in. -tendency to uniformity in striped. -scorching of, dependent on colour. -change in, caused by conditions of life. -rudimentary. -relative position of, to the axis.

FOETATION, abdominal.

FOLEY, Mr., wild varieties of pears.

FOLIAGE, inherited peculiarities of. -variegation of. -bud-variation in.

FOOD, influence of, on the pig. -on cattle. -excess of, a cause of variability.

FORBES, D., on Chilian sheep. -on the horses of Spain, Chili, and the Pampas.

Formica rufa.

FORTUNE, R., sterility of the sweet potato in China. -development of axillary bulbs in the yam.

FOWL, common, breeds of -supposed plurality of origin. -early history of. -causes of production of breeds of. -origin of, from Gallus bankiva. -feral, notices of. -reversion and analogous variation in. -"cuckoo" sub-breeds of. -history of. -structural characters of. -sexual peculiarities of. -external differences of. -differences of breeds of, from G. bankiva. -osteological characters of. -effects of disuse of parts in. -feral. -polydactylism in. -fertility of, increased by domestication. -sterility of, under certain conditions. -influence of selection on. -evils of close interbreeding of. -crossing of. -prepotency of transmission in. -rudimentary organs in. -crossing of non-sitting varieties of. -homology of wing and leg feathers in. -hybrids of, with pheasants and Gallus sonneratii. -black-skinned. -black, preyed upon by the osprey in Ireland. -five-toed, mentioned by Columella. -rumpless, tailed chickens produced by. -Dorking, crosses of. -form of comb and colour of plumage in. -game, crossing of white and black. -five-spurred. -Spanish, liable to suffer from frost. -Polish, peculiarities of skull of.

FOX, sterility of, in captivity.

FOX, S. BEVAN, races of bees.

FOX, W. DARWIN, gestation of the dog. -"Negro" cat. -reversion of sheep in colour. -period of gestation in the pig. -young of the Himalayan rabbit. -crossing of wild and domestic turkeys. -reversion in crossed musk ducks. -spontaneous segregation of varieties of geese. -effects of close interbreeding upon bloodhounds. -deafness of white cats with blue eyes.

FOXHOUNDS.

Fragaria chiloensis.

Fragaria collina.

Fragaria dioica of Duchesne.

Fragaria elatior.

Fragaria grandiflora.

Fragaria vesca.

Fragaria virginiana.

Fraxinus excelsior.

Fraxinus lentiscifolia.

FRIESLAND cattle, probably descended from Bos primigenius.

FRILLBACK pigeon. -Indian.

Fringilla ciris.

Fringilla spinus.

FRIZZLED fowls. -horses.

FROG, polydactylism in the.

FRUIT, seedless.

FRUIT-TREES, varieties of, occurring wild.

FRY, Mr., on fertile hybrid cats. -on feral fowls in Ascension.

FUCHSIAS, origin of. -bud-variation in.

Fuchsia coccinea and fulgens, twin seed produced by crossing.

FUEGIANS, their superstition about killing young water-fowl. -selection of dogs by the. -their comparative estimation of dogs and old women. -their power of distant vision.

FUNGI, parasitic.

FURBRINGER, Dr., on nails of Saurians.

FURCULUM, characters and variations of the, in pigeons. -alteration of, by disuse, in pigeons. -characters of, in fowls.

FUSION of homologous parts.

GAIT, inheritance of peculiarities of.

GALAPAGOS Archipelago, its peculiar fauna and flora.

Galeobdolon luteum, pelorism in.

GALLS.

GALL-GNATS.

GALL-LIKE excrescences not inherited.

GALLINACEOUS birds, restricted range of large. -general fertility of, in captivity.

Gallinula chloropus.

Gallinula nesiotis.

GALLESIO, species of oranges. -hybridisation of oranges. -persistency of races in the peach. -supposed specific distinctions of peach and nectarine. -bizzarria orange. -crossing of red and white carnations. -crossing of the orange and lemon. -effect of foreign pollen on maize. -spontaneous crossing of oranges. -monstrosities a cause of sterility in plants. -seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits. -sterility of the sugar-cane. -tendency of male flowers to become double. -effects of selection in enlarging fruit, etc. -variation of the orange-tree in North Italy. -naturalisation of the orange in Italy.

Gallus aeneus, a hybrid of varius and the domestic fowl.

Gallus bankiva, probable original of domestic fowls. -game-fowl, nearest to. -crossed with G. sonneratii. -its character and habits. -differences of various breeds of fowls from. -occipital foramen of, figured. -skull of, figured. -cervical vertebra of, figured. -furculum of, figured. -reversion to, in crossed fowls. -hybrid of, with G. varius. -number of eggs of.

Gallus ferrugineus.

Gallus furcatus.

Gallus giganteus.

Gallus sonneratii, characters and habits of. -hybrids of.

Gallus stanleyi, hybrids of.

Gallus temminckii, probably a hybrid.

Gallus varius, characters and habits of. -hybrids and probable hybrids of.

GALTON, Mr., fondness of savages for taming animals. -cattle of Benguela. -on hereditary talent. -on Pangenesis.

GAMBIER, Lord, his early cultivation of the pansy.

GAME-FOWL.

GAPES.

GARCILAZO DE LA VEGA, annual hunts of the Peruvian Incas.

GARNETT, Mr., migratory propensities of hybrid ducks.

GARROD, Dr., on hereditary gout.

GARTNER, on the sterility of hybrids. -acquired sterility of varieties of plants when crossed. -sterility in transplanted plants. -and in the lilac in Germany. -mutual sterility of blue and red flowers of the pimpernel. -supposed rules of transmission in crossing plants. -on crossing plants. -on repeated crossing. -absorption of one species by another, when crossed. -crossing of varieties of the pea. -crossing maize. -crossing of species of Verbascum. -reversion in hybrids. -of Cereus. -of Tropaeolum majus and minus. -variability of hybrids. -variable hybrids from one variable parent. -graft hybrid produced by inoculation in the vine. -effect produced by grafts on the stock. -tendency of hybrid plants to produce double flowers. -production of perfect fruit by sterile hybrids. -sexual elective affinity. -self-impotence in Lobelia, Verbascum, Lilium, and Passiflora. -on the action of pollen. -fertilisation of Malva. -prepotency of pollen. -prepotency of transmission in species of Nicotiana. -bud-variation in Pelargonium zonale. -in Oenothera biennis. -in Achillaea millefolium. -effect of manure on the fertility of plants. -on contabescence. -inheritance of plasticity. -villosity of plants.

GASPARINI, a genus of pumpkins, founded on stigmatic characters.

GAUDICHAUD, bud-variation in the pear. -apple-tree with two kinds of fruit on branch.

GAY, on Fragaria grandiflora. on Viola lutea and tricolor. -on the nectary of Viola grandiflora.

GAYAL, domestication of the.

GAYOT. See Moll.

GEESE (anseres), general fertility of, in captivity.

GEMMATION and fission.

GEMMULES, or cell-gemmules.

GENERATION, alternate.

GENERATION, sexual.

GENET, fertility of the, in captivity,

GENIUS, inheritance of.

Gentiana amarella.

GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, production of monstrous chickens, -"Loi de l'affinite de soi pour soi." -compensation of growth.

GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ISID., origin of the dog. -barking of a jackal. -period of gestation and odour of the jackal. -anomalies in the teeth of dogs. -variations in the proportions of dogs. -webbed feet of Newfoundland dogs. -crossing of domestic and wild cats. -domestication of the arni. -supposed introduction of cattle into Europe from the East. -absence of interdigital pits in sheep. -origin of the goat. -feral geese. -ancient history of the fowl. -skull of the Polish fowl. -preference of the Romans for the liver of white geese. -polydactylism. -assumption of male characters by female bird. -transmission and blending of characters in hybrids. -refusal of animals to breed in captivity. -on the Guinea-pig. -silkworms producing white cocoons. -on the carp. -on Helix lactea. -on monstrosities. -injury to the embryo a cause of monstrosity. -alteration in the coat of horses in coal-mines. -length of the intestines in wild and tame animals. -inheritance of rudimentary limbs in the dog. -correlation in monstrosities. -supernumerary digits in man. -co-existence of anomalies. -presence of hairs and teeth in ovarian tumours. -development of teeth on the palate in the horse.

GEOGRAPHICAL differences of faunas.

GEOLOGICAL succession of organisms.

Geranium.

Geranium phaeum and pyrenaicum.

Geranium pratense.

GERARD, asserted climatal change in Burgundian bees.

GERARDE, on varieties of the hyacinth.

GERSTACKER, on hive-bees.

GERVAIS, Prof., origin of the dog. -resemblance of dogs and jackals. -taming of the jackal. -number of teeth in dogs. -breeds of dogs. -on tertiary horses. -Biblical notices of horses. -species of Ovis. -wild and domestic rabbits. -rabbits from Mount Sinai and Algeria. -earless rabbits. -batrachia with doubled limbs.

GESTATION, period of, in the dog, wolf, etc. -in the pig. -in cattle. -in sheep.

GESTURES, inheritance of peculiarities in.

"GHOONDOOKS" a sub-breed of fowls.

GHOR-KHUR.

GILES, Mr., effect of cross-breeding in the pig.

GIRAFFE, co-ordination of structure of.

GIRARD, period of appearance of permanent teeth in dogs.

GIRAUD-TEULON, cause of short sight.

GIROU DE BUZAREINGUES, inheritance in the horse. -reversion by age in cattle. -prepotency of transmission of character in sheep and cattle. -on crossing gourds.

GISBURNE, wild cattle at.

Gladiolus, self-impotence of hybrids of.

Gladiolus colvillii, bud-variation in.

GLANDS, compensatory development of.

GLASTONBURY thorn.

GLENNY, Mr., on the Cineraria.

GLOEDE, F., on strawberries.

GLOGER, on the wings of ducks.

"GLOUGLOU" (pigeon).

Gloxiniae, peloric.

GMELIN, on red cats, at Tobolsk.

GOAT. -polydactylism in the. -sexual differences in horns of. -valued by South Africans. -Thibet. -amount of milk and development of udders in the. -hornless, rudimentary bony cores in. -Angora.

GODINE, on prepotency of transmission.

GODRON, odour of the hairless Turkish dog. -differences in the skull of dogs. -increase of breeds of horses. -crossing of domestic and wild swine. -on goats. -colour of the skin in fowls. -bees of north and south of France. -introduction of the silkworm into Europe. -variability in the silkworm. -supposed species of wheat. -on Aegilops triticoides. -variable presence of barbs in grasses. -colours of the seeds of maize. -unity of character in cabbages. -correlation of colour and odour. -effect of heat and moisture on the cabbage. -on the cultivated species of Brassica. -on the Rouncival and sugar peas. -variation in the numbers of peas in the same pod. -wild vines in Spain. -on raising peaches from seed. -supposed specific distinctness of peach and nectarine. -nectarine producing peaches. -on the flower of Corydalis. -origin and variations of the plum. -origin of the cherry. -reversion of single-leaved strawberries. -five-leaved variety of Fragaria collina. -supposed immutability of specific characters. -varieties of Robinia. -permanency of the simple-leaved ash. -non-inheritance of certain mutilations. -wild turnips, carrots, and celery. -peloria. -prepotency of a goat-like ram. -benefit of change of soil to plants. -fertility of peloric flowers of Corydalis solida. -seeding of ordinarily seedless fruit. -sexual sterility of plants propagated by buds, etc. -increase of sugar in beet-root. -effects of selection in enlarging particular parts of plants. -growth of the cabbage in the tropics. -rejection of bitter almonds by mice. -influence of marshy pasture on the fleece of sheep. -on the ears of ancient Egyptian pigs. -primitive distinctness of species. -solid-hoofed swine.

GOETHE, on compensation of growth.

GOLD-FISH.

GOMARA, on South American cats.

GONGORA, number of seeds in the.

GOODMAN, three-toed cows.

GOOSE, ancient domestication of. -sacred to Juno in Rome. -inflexibility of organisation of. -skull perforated in tufted. -characters of breeds and sub-breeds of. -variety of, from Sebastopol. -feral, in La Plata. -Egyptian, hybrid of, with penguin duck. -spontaneous segregation of varieties of. -fertility of, increased by domestication. -decreased fertility of, in Bogota. -sterility of, in the Philippine Islands. -selection of. -white, preference of the Romans for the liver of. -persistency of character in. -Egyptian, change in breeding season of.

GOOSEBERRY. -bud-variation in the. -Whitesmith's.

GOPPERT, on monstrous poppies.

GOSSE, P.H., feral dogs in Jamaica. -feral pigs of Jamaica. -feral rabbits of Jamaica. -on Columba leucocephala. -feral Guinea fowl in Jamaica. -reproduction of individual peculiarities by gemmation in a coral. -frequency of striped legs in mules.

GOULD, Dr., on hereditary haemorrhage.

GOULD, JOHN, origin of the turkey.

Goura coronata and Victoriae, hybrids of.

GOURDS. -crossing of varieties of. -ancient Peruvian variety of.

GOUT, inheritance of. -period of appearance of.

GRABA, on the pigeon of the Faroe Islands.

GRAFTING. -effects of. -upon the stock. -upon the variability of trees. -changes analogous to bud-variation produced by.

GRAFT-HYBRIDS.

GRAPES, bud-variation in. -cross of white and purple. -green, liable to disease. -effect of foreign pollen on.

GRASSES, seeds of, used as food by savages.

GRAY, ASA, superior wild varieties of fruit-trees. -cultivated native plants of North America. -non-variation of weeds. -supposed spontaneous crossing of Cucurbitaceae. -pre-ordination of variation. -progeny of husked form of maize. -wild intermediate forms of strawberries.

GRAY, G.R., on Columba gymnocyclus.

GRAY, J.E., on Sus pliciceps. -on a variety of the gold-fish. -hybrids of the ass and zebra. -on the breeding of animals at Knowsley. -on the breeding of birds in captivity.

GREENE, J. REAY, on the development of the echinodermata.

GREENHOW, Mr., on a Canadian web-footed dog.

GREENING, Mr., experiments on Abraxas grossulariata.

GREGSON, Mr., experiments on Abraxas grossulariata.

GREY, Sir GEORGE, preservation of seed-bearing plants by the Australian savages. -detestation of incest by Australian savages.

GREYHOUNDS, sculptured on Egyptian monuments, and in the Villa of Antoninus. -modern breed of. -crossed with the bulldog, by Lord Orford. -close interbreeding of. -co-ordination of structure of, due to selection. -Italian.

GREYNESS, inherited at corresponding periods of life.

GRIEVE, Mr., on early-flowering dahlias.

GRIGOR, Mr., acclimatisation of the Scotch fir.

GRONLAND, hybrids of Aegilops and wheat.

GROOM-NAPIER, C.O., on the webbed feet of the otter-hound.

GROS, on Pangenesis.

"GROSSES-GORGES" (pigeons).

GROUND-TUMBLER, Indian.

GROUSE, fertility of, in captivity.

Grus montigresia, cinerea, and antigone.

GUANACOS, selection of.

GUANS, general fertility of, in captivity.

GUELDER-ROSE.

GUELDERLAND fowls.

GUIANA, selection of dogs by the Indians of.

GUINEA fowl. -feral, in Ascension and Jamaica. -indifference of, to change of climate.

GUINEA pig.

GULDENSTADT, on the jackal.

GULL, herring, breeding in confinement.

GULLS, general sterility of, in captivity.

Gulo, sterility of, in captivity.

GUNTHER, A., on tufted ducks and geese. -on the regeneration of lost parts in batrachia.

GURNEY, Mr., owls breeding in captivity. -appearance of "black-shouldered" among ordinary peacocks.

HABIT, influence of, in acclimatisation.

HACKEL, on fissiparous reproduction. -on cells. -on the double reproduction of medusae. -on inheritance.

HACKLES, peculiarities of, in fowls.

HAIR, on the face, inheritance of, in man. -peculiar lock of, inherited. -growth of, under stimulation of skin. -homologous variation of. -development of, in the brain.

HAIR and teeth, correlation of.

HAIRY family, corresponding period of inheritance in.

HALF-CASTES, character of.

HALF-LOP rabbits, figured and described. -skull of.

Haliaetus leucocephalus, copulating in captivity.

HALLAM, Col., on a two-legged race of pigs.

HALLET, Major, selection in cereals. -on pedigree wheat.

HAMBURGH fowl. -figured.

HAMILTON, wild cattle of.

HAMILTON, Dr., on the assumption of male plumage by the hen pheasant.

HAMILTON, F. BUCHANAN, on the shaddock. -varieties of Indian cultivated plants.

HANCOCK, Mr., sterility of tamed birds.

HANDWRITING, inheritance of peculiarities in.

HANMER, Sir J., on selection of flower-seeds.

HANSELL, Mr., inheritance of dark yolks in duck's eggs.

HARCOURT, E.V., on the Arab boar-hound. -aversion of the Arabs to dun-coloured horses.

HARDY, Mr., effect of excess of nourishment on plants.

HARE, hybrids of, with rabbit. -sterility of the, in confinement. -preference of, for particular plants.

HARE-LIP, inheritance of.

HARLAN, Dr., on hereditary diseases.

HARTMAN, on the wild ass.

HARVEY, Mr., monstrous red and white African bull.

HARVEY, Prof., singular form of Begonia frigida. -effects of cross-breeding on the female. -monstrous saxifrage.

HASORA wheat.

HAUTBOIS strawberry.

HAWKER, Col., on call or decoy ducks.

HAWTHORN, varieties of. -pyramidal. -pendulous hybridised. -changes of, by age. -bud-variation in the. -flower buds of, attacked by bullfinches.

HAYES, Dr., character of Esquimaux dogs.

HAYWOOD, W., on the feral rabbits of Porto Santo.

HAZEL, purple-leaved.

HEAD of wild boar and Yorkshire pig, figured.

HEAD and limbs, correlated variability of.

HEADACHE, inheritance of.

HEARTSEASE. -change produced in the, by transplantation. -reversion in. -effects of selection on. -scorching of. -effects of seasonal conditions on the. -annual varieties of the.

HEAT, effect of, upon the fleece of sheep.

HEBER, Bishop, on the breeding of the rhinoceros in captivity.

HEBRIDES, cattle of the. -pigeons of the.

HEER, O., on the plants of the Swiss lake-dwellings. -on the cereals. -on the peas. -on the vine growing in Italy in the Bronze age.

HEIMANN, potato-grafting.

Helix lactea.

Hemerocallis fulva and flava, interchanging by bud-variation.

HEMLOCK, yields no conicine in Scotland.

HEMP, differences of, in various parts of India. -climatal difference in products of.

HEMPSEED, effect of, upon the colour of birds.

HERMAPHRODITE flowers, occurrence of, in maize.

HEN, assumption of male characters by the. -development of spurs in the.

"HENNIES," or hen-like male fowls.

HENRY, T.A., a variety of the ash produced by grafting. -crossing of species of Rhododendron and Arabis.

HENSLOW, Prof., individual variation in wheat. -bud-variation in the Austrian bramble rose. -partial reproduction of the weeping ash by seed.

HEPATICA, changed by transplantation.

HERBERT, Dr., variations of Viola grandiflora. -bud-variation in camellias. -seedlings from reverted Cytisus adami. -crosses of Swedish and other turnips. -on hollyhocks. -breeding of hybrids. -self-impotence in hybrid hippeastrums. -hybrid Gladiolus. -on Zephyranthes candida. -fertility of the crocus. -on contabescence. -hybrid Rhododendron.

HERCULANEUM, figure of a pig found in.

HERON, Sir R., appearance of "black-shouldered" among ordinary peacocks. -non-inheritance of monstrous characters by gold-fish. -crossing of white and coloured Angora rabbits. -crosses of solid-hoofed pigs.

Herpestes fasciatus and griseus.

HEUSINGER, on the sheep of the Tarentino. -on correlated constitutional peculiarities.

HEWITT, Mr., reversion in bantam cocks. -degeneration of silk fowls. -partial sterility of hen-like male fowls. -production of tailed chickens by rumpless fowls. -on taming and rearing wild ducks. -conditions of inheritance in laced Sebright bantams. -reversion in rumpless fowls. -reversion in fowls by age. -hybrids of pheasant and fowl. -assumption of male characters by female pheasants. -development of latent characters in a barren bantam hen. -mongrels from the silk fowl. -effects of close interbreeding on fowls. -on feather-legged bantams.

HIBBERT, Mr., on the pigs of the Shetland Islands.

HIBISCUS, See Paritium.

HIGHLAND cattle, descended from Bos longifrons.

HILDEBRAND, Dr., on graft-hybrids with the potato. -on the influence of pollen on the mother-plant. -on the fertilisation of Orchideae. -occasional necessary crossing of plants. -on seeds not fitted for distribution. -potato-grafting. -crossing of varieties. -on Primula sinensis and Oxalis rosea. -on Corydalis cava.

HILL, R., on the Alco. -feral rabbits in Jamaica. -feral peacocks in Jamaica. -variation of the Guinea fowl in Jamaica. -sterility of tamed birds in Jamaica.

HIMALAYA, range of gallinaceous birds in the.

HIMALAYAN rabbit. -skull of.

HIMALAYAN sheep.

HINDMARSH, Mr., on Chillingham cattle.

"HINKEL-TAUBE."

HINNY and mule, difference of.

Hipparion, anomalous resemblance to, in horses.

Hippeastrum, hybrids of.

HIVE-BEES, ancient domestication of. -breeds of. -smaller when produced in old combs. -variability in. -crossing of Ligurian and common.

HOBBS, FISHER, on interbreeding pigs.

"HOCKER-TAUBE."

HODGKIN, Dr., on the attraction of foxes by a female Dingo. -origin of the Newfoundland dog. -transmission of a peculiar lock of hair.

HODGSON, Mr., domestication of Canis primaevus. -development of a fifth digit in Thibet mastiffs. -number of ribs in humped cattle. -on the sheep of the Himalaya. -presence of four mammae in sheep. -arched nose in sheep. -measurements of the intestines of goats. -presence of interdigital pits in goats. -disuse a cause of drooping ears.

HOFACKER, persistency of colour in horses. -production of dun horses from parents of different colours. -inheritance of peculiarities in handwriting. -heredity in a one horned stag. -on consanguineous marriages.

HOFFMAN, Prof., on Raphanus.

HOG, Red River.

HOGG, Mr., retardation of breeding in cows by hard living.

HOLLAND, Sir H., necessity of inheritance. -on hereditary diseases. -hereditary peculiarity in the eyelid. -morbid uniformity in the same family. -transmission of hydrocele through the female. -inheritance of habits and tricks.

HOLLY, varieties of the. -bud-reversion in. -yellow-berried.

HOLLYHOCK, bud-variation in. -non-crossing of double varieties of. -tender variety of the.

HOMER, notice of geese. -breeding of the horses of Aeneas.

HOMOLOGOUS parts, correlated variability of. -fusion of. -affinity of.

HOOFS, correlated with hair in variation.

HOOK-BILLED duck, skull figured.

HOOKER, Dr. J.D., forked shoulder-stripe in Syrian asses. -voice of the cock in Sikkim. -use of Arum-roots as food. -native useful plants of Australia. -wild walnut of the Himalayas. -variety of the plane-tree. -production of Thuja orientalis from seeds of T. pendula. -singular form of Begonia frigida. -reversion in plants run wild. -on the sugar-cane. -on Arctic plants. -on the oak grown at the Cape of Good Hope. -on Rhododendron ciliatum. -stock and mignonette perennial in Tasmania.

HOPKIRK, Mr., bud-variation in the rose. -in Mirabilis jalapa. -in Convolvulus tricolor.

HORNBEAM, heterophyllous.

HORNED fowl. -skull figured.

HORNLESS cattle in Paraguay.

HORNS of sheep. -correlation of. -with fleece in sheep. -correlation of, with the skull. -rudimentary in young polled cattle. -of goats.

HORSES, in Swiss lake-dwellings. -different breeds of, in Malay Archipelago. -anomalies in osteology and dentition of. -mutual fertility of different breeds. -feral. -habit of scraping away snow. -mode of production of breeds of. -inheritance and diversity of colour in. -dark stripes in. -dun-coloured, origin of. -colours of feral. -effect of fecundation by a quagga on the subsequent progeny of. -inheritance of peculiarities in. -polydactylism in. -inheritance of colour in. -inheritance of exostoses in legs of. -reversion in. -hybrids of, with ass and zebra. -prepotency of transmission in the sexes of. -segregation of. -in Paraguay. -wild species of, breeding in captivity. -curly, in Paraguay. -selection of, for trifling characters. -unconscious selection of. -natural selection in Circassia. -alteration of coat of, in coal-mines. -degeneration of, in the Falkland Islands. -diseases of, caused by shoeing. -feeding on meat. -white and white-spotted, poisoned by mildewed vetches. -analogous variations in the colour of. -teeth developed on palate of. -of Bronze period in Denmark.

HORSE-CHESTNUT, early, at the Tuileries. -tendency to doubleness in.

HORSE-RADISH, general sterility of the.

"HOUDAN," a French sub-breed of fowls.

HOWARD, C., on an Egyptian monument. -on crossing sheep.

HUC, on the Emperor Khang-hi. -Chinese varieties of the bamboo.

HUMBOLDT, A., character of the Zambos. -parrot speaking in the language of an extinct tribe. -on Pulex penetrans.

HUMIDITY, injurious effect of, upon horses.

HUMPHREYS, Col., on Ancon sheep.

HUNGARIAN cattle.

HUNTER, JOHN, period of gestation in the dog. -on secondary sexual characters. -fertile crossing of Anser ferus and the domestic goose. -inheritance of peculiarities in gestures, voice, etc. -assumption of male characters by the human female. -period of appearance of hereditary diseases. -graft of the spur of a cock upon its comb. -on the stomach of Larus tridentatus.

HUNTER, W., evidence against the influence of imagination upon the offspring.

HUTH, Mr., close interbreeding of rabbits. -consanguineous marriages.

HUTTON, Capt., on the variability of the silk-moth. -on the number of species of silkworms. -markings of silkworms. -domestication of the rock-pigeon in India. -domestication and crossing of Gallus bankiva. -reversion in goats from a cross.

HUTCHINSON, Col., liability of dogs to distemper.

HUXLEY, Prof., on the transmission of polydactylism. -on unconscious selection. -on correlation in the mollusca. -on gemmation and fission. -development of star-fishes.

HYACINTHS. -bud-variation in. -graft-hybrid by union of half bulbs of. -white, reproduced by seed. -red. -varieties of, recognisable by the bulb.

HYACINTH, feather.

Hyacinthus orientalis.

Hybiscus syriacus.

HYBRIDS, of hare and rabbit. -of various species of Gallus. -of almond, peach, and nectarine. -naturally produced, of species of Cytisus. -from twin-seed of Fuchsia coccinea and fulgens. -reversion of. -from mare, ass, and zebra. -of tame animals, wildness of. -female instincts of sterile male. -transmission and blending of characters in. -breed better with parent species than with each other. -self-impotence in. -readily produced in captivity.

HYBRIDISATION, singular effects of, in oranges. -of cherries. -difficulty of, in Cucurbitae. -of roses.

HYBRIDISM. -the cause of a tendency to double flowers. -in relation to Pangenesis.

HYBRIDITY in cats. -supposed, of peach and nectarine.

Hydra.

HYDRANGEA, colour of flowers of, influenced by alum.

HYDROCELE.

HYDROCEPHALUS.

Hypericum calycinum.

Hypericum crispum.

HYPERMETAMORPHOSIS.

HYPERMETROPIA, hereditary.

ICHTHYOPTERYGIA, number of digits in the.

Ilex aquifolium.

IMAGINATION, supposed effect of, on offspring.

Imatophyllum miniatum, bud-variation in.

INCEST, abhorred by savages.

INCUBATION, by crossed fowls of non-sitting varieties.

INDIA, striped horses of. -pigs of. -breeding of rabbits in. -cultivation of pigeons in.

INDIVIDUAL variability in pigeons.

INGLEDEW, Mr., cultivation of European vegetables in India.

"INDISCHE Taube."

INHERITANCE. -doubts entertained of, by some writers. -importance of, to breeders. -evidence of, derived from statistics of chances. -of peculiarities in man. -of disease. -of peculiarities in the eye. -of deviations from symmetry. -of polydactylism. -capriciousness of. -of mutilations. -of congenital monstrosities. -causes of absence of. -by reversion or atavism. -its connection with fixedness of character. -affected by prepotency of transmission of character. -limited by sex. -at corresponding periods of life. -summary of the subject of. -laws of, the same in seminal and bud varieties. -of characters in the horse. -in cattle. -in rabbits. -in the peach. -in the nectarine. -in plums. -in apples. -in pears. -in the pansy. -of primary characters of Columba livia in crossed pigeons. -of peculiarities of plumage in pigeons. -of peculiarities of foliage in trees. -effects of, in varieties of the cabbage.

INSANITY, inheritance of.

INSECTS, regeneration of lost parts in. -agency of, in fecundation of larkspurs. -effect of changed conditions upon. -sterile neuter. -monstrosities in.

INSTINCTS, defective, of silkworms.

INTERBREEDING, close, ill effects of.

INTERCROSSING, of species, as a cause of variation. -natural, of plants. -of species of Canidae and breeds of dogs. -of domestic and wild cats. -of breeds of pigs. -of cattle. -of varieties of cabbage. -of peas. -of varieties of orange. -of species of strawberries. -of Cucurbitae. -of flowering plants. -of pansies.

INTERDIGITAL pits, in goats.

INTERMARRIAGES, close.

INTESTINES, elongation of, in pigs. -relative measurement of parts of, in goats. -effects of changed diet on.

Ipomoea purpurea.

IRELAND, remains of Bos frontosus and longifrons found in.

IRIS, hereditary absence of the. -hereditary peculiarities of colour of the. -variation of.

Iris xiphium.

IRISH, ancient, selection practised by the.

IRON period, in Europe, dog of.

ISLANDS, oceanic, scarcity of useful plants on.

ISLAY, pigeons of.

ISOLATION, effect of, in favour of selection.

ITALY, vine-growing in, during the Bronze period.

IVY, sterility of, in the north of Europe.

JACK, Mr., effect of foreign pollen on grapes.

JACKAL. -hybrids of, with the dog. -prepotency of, over the dog.

JACKSON, Mr., white-footed cats.

JACOBIN pigeon.

JACQUEMET-BONNEFORT, on the mulberry.

JAEGER, Prof., on reversion in pigs. -from a cross. -white pigeons killed by hawks.

JAGUAR, with crooked legs.

JAMAICA, feral dogs of. -feral pigs of. -feral rabbits of.

JAMESON, Mr., on hybrid potatoes.

JAPAN, horses of.

JAPANESE pig (figured).

JARDINE, Sir W., crossing of domestic and wild cats.

JARVES, J., silkworm in the Sandwich Islands.

JAVA, fantail pigeon in.

JAVANESE ponies.

JEITTELES, history of the dog. -history of the fowl. -Hungarian sheep-dogs. -crossing of domestic and wild cats.

JEMMY BUTTON.

JENYNS (BLOMEFIELD), L., whiteness of ganders. -sunfish-like variety of the goldfish.

JERDON, J.C., number of eggs laid by the pea-hen. -origin of domestic fowl.

JERSEY, arborescent cabbages of.

JESSAMINE.

JESSE, G.R., on the bulldog.

JOHN, King, importation of stallions from Flanders by.

JOHNSON, D., occurrence of stripes on young wild pigs in India.

JORDAN, A., on Vibert's experiments on the vine. -origin of varieties of the apple. -varieties of pears found wild in woods.

JOURDAN, parthenogenesis in the silk-moth.

JUAN DE NOVA, wild dogs on.

JUAN FERNANDEZ, dumb dogs on.

Juglans regia.

JUKES, Prof., origin of the Newfoundland dog.

JULIEN, Stanislas, early domestication of pigs in China. -antiquity of the domestication of the silkworm in China.

JUMPERS, a breed of fowls.

JUNIPER, variations of the.

Juniperus suecica.

Jussiaea grandiflora.

JUSSIEU, A. de, structure of the pappus in Carthamus.

KAIL, Scotch, reversion in.

KALES.

"KALI-PAR" pigeon.

KALM, P., on maize. -introduction of wheat into Canada. -sterility of trees growing in marshes and dense woods.

"KALMI LOTAN" tumbler pigeon.

KANE, Dr., on Esquimaux dogs.

KARAKOOL sheep.

KARKEEK, on inheritance in the horse.

"KARMELITEN Taube."

KARSTEN on Pulex penetrans.

KATTYWAR horses.

KEELEY, R., pelorism in Galeobdolon luteum.

KERNER, on the culture of Alpine plants. -definite action of conditions.

KESTREL, breeding in captivity.

"KHANDESI."

KHANG-HI, selection of a variety of rice by.

KIANG.

KIDD, on the canary-bird.

KIDNEY bean. -varieties of.

KIDNEYS, compensatory development of the. -shape of, in birds influenced by the form of the pelvis.

KING, Col., domestication of rock doves from the Orkneys.

KING, Dr., on Paritium.

KING, P.P., on the dingo.

KIRBY and Spence, on the growth of galls.

KIRGHISIAN sheep.

KITE, breeding in captivity.

KLEINE, variability of bees.

KNIGHT, ANDREW, on crossing horses of different breeds. -crossing varieties of peas. -persistency of varieties of peas. -origin of the peach. -hybridisation of the morello by the Elton cherry. -on seedling cherries. -variety of the apple not attacked by coccus. -intercrossing of strawberries. -broad variety of the cock's-comb. -bud variation in the cherry and plum. -crossing of white and purple grapes. -experiments in crossing apples. -hereditary disease in plants. -on interbreeding. -crossed varieties of wheat. -necessity of intercrossing in plants. -on variation. -effects of grafting. -bud-variation in a plum. -correlated variation of head and limbs.

KNOX, Mr., breeding of the eagle owl in captivity.

KOCH, degeneracy in the turnip.

KOHLRABI.

KOLREUTER, reversion in hybrids. -acquired sterility of crossed varieties of plants. -absorption of Mirabilis vulgaris by M. longiflora. -crosses of species of Verbascum. -on the hollyhock. -crossing varieties of tobacco. -benefits of crossing plants. -sell-impotence in Verbascum. -effects of conditions of growth upon fertility in Mirabilis. -great development of tubers in hybrid plants. -inheritance of plasticity. -variability of hybrids of Mirabilis. -repeated crossing a cause of variation. -number of pollen-grains necessary for fertilisation.

"KRAUSESCHWEIN."

KROHN, on the double reproduction of Medusae.

"KROPF-TAUBEN."

LABAT, on the tusks of feral boars in the West Indies. -on French wheat grown in the West Indies. -on the culture of the vine in the West Indies.

LABURNUM, Adam's, see Cytisus adami. -oak-leaved, reversion of. -pelorism in the. -Waterer's.

LACHMANN, on gemmation and fission.

Lachnanthes tinctoria.

LACTATION, imperfect, hereditary. -deficient, of wild animals in captivity.

LADRONE Islands, cattle of.

LA GASCA, Prof., individual variation in wheat.

LAING, Mr., resemblance of Norwegian and Devonshire cattle.

LAKE-DWELLINGS, sheep of. -cattle of. -absence of the fowl in. -cultivated plants of. -cereals of. -peas found in. -beans found in.

LAMARE-PIQUOT, observations on half-bred North American wolves.

LAMBERT, A.B., on Thuja pendula or filiformis.

LAMBERT family.

LAMBERTYE, on strawberries. -five-leaved variety of Fragaria collina.

LANDT, L., on sheep in the Faroe Islands.

LANKESTER, RAY, on longevity.

LA PLATA, wild dogs of. -feral cat from.

LARCH.

LARKSPURS, insect agency necessary for the full fecundation of.

Larus argentatus.

Larus tridactylus.

LASTERYE, merino sheep in different countries.

LATENT characters.

LATHAM, on the fowl not breeding in the extreme north.

Lathyrus.

Lathyrus aphaca.

Lathyrus odoratus.

LA TOUCHE, J.D., on a Canadian apple with dimidiate fruit.

"LATZ-TAUBE."

LAUGHER pigeon.

Laurus sassafras.

LAWRENCE, J., production of a new breed of foxhounds. -occurrence of canines in mares. -on three-parts-bred horses. -on inheritance in the horse.

LAWSON, Mr., varieties of the potato.

LAXTON, Mr., bud-variation in the gooseberry. -crossing of varieties of the pea. -weakness of transmission in peas. -double-flowered peas.

LAYARD, E.L., resemblance of a Caffre dog to the Esquimaux breed. -crossing of the domestic cat with Felis caffra. -feral pigeons in Ascension. -domestic pigeons of Ceylon. -on Gallus stanleyi. -on black-skinned Ceylonese fowls.

LE COMPTE family, blindness inherited in.

LECOQ, bud-variation in Mirabilis jalapa. -hybrids of Mirabilis. -crossing in plants. -fecundation of Passiflora. -hybrid Gladiolus. -sterility of Ranunculus ficaria. -villosity in plants. -double asters.

LE COUTEUR, J., varieties of wheat. -acclimatisation of exotic wheat in Europe. -adaptation of wheat to soil and climate. -selection of seed-corn. -evil from interbreeding. -on change of soil. -selection of wheat. -natural selection in wheat. -cattle of Jersey.

LEDGER, Mr., on the llama and alpaca.

LEE, Mr., his early culture of the pansy.

Leersia oryzoides.

LEFOUR, period of gestation in cattle.

LEGRAIN, falsified experiments of.

LEGS, of fowls, effects of disuse on. -characters and variations of, in ducks.

LEGUAT, cattle of the Cape of Good Hope.

LEHMANN, occurrence of wild double-flowered plants near a hot spring.

LEIGHTON, W.A., propagation of a weeping yew by seed.

LEITNER, effects of removal of anthers.

LEMMING.

LEMOINE, variegated Symphytum and Phlox.

LEMON. -orange fecundated by pollen of the.

LEMURS, hybrid.

LEPORIDES.

LEPSIUS, figures of ancient Egyptian dogs. -domestication of pigeons in ancient Egypt.

Lepus glacialis.

Lepus magellanicus.

Lepus nigripes.

Lepus tibetanus.

Lepus variabilis.

LEREBOULLET, double monsters of fishes.

LESLIE, on Scotch wild cattle.

LESSONA, on regrowth. -on Lepus magellanicus.

LETHBRIDGE, previous impregnation.

LEUCKART, on the larva of Cecidomyidae.

LEWES, G.H., on Pangenesis.

LEWIS, G., cattle of the West Indies.

LHERBETTE and Quatrefages, on the horses of Circassia.

LICHENS, sterility in.

LICHTENSTEIN, resemblance of Bosjesman's dogs to Canis mesomelas. -Newfoundland dog at the Cape of Good Hope.

LIEBIG, differences in human blood, according to complexion.

LIEBREICH, occurrence of pigmentary retinitis in deaf-mutes.

LILACS.

LILIACEAE, contabescence in.

Lilium bulbiferum and davuricum.

Lilium candidum.

LIMBS, regeneration of.

LIMBS and head, correlated variation of.

LIME, effect of, upon shells of the mollusca.

LIME-TREE, changes of, by age.

LIMITATION, sexual.

LIMITATION, supposed, of variation.

Linaria, pelorism in. -peloric, crossed with the normal form. -sterility of.

Linaria vulgaris and purpurea, hybrids of.

LINDEMUTH, potato-grafting.

LINDLEY, JOHN, classification of varieties of cabbages. -origin of the peach. -influence of soil on peaches and nectarines. -varieties of the peach and nectarine. -on the New Town pippin. -freedom of the Winter Majetin apple from coccus. -production of monoecious Hautbois strawberries by bud-selection. -origin of the large tawny nectarine. -bud-variation in the gooseberry. -hereditary disease in plants. -on double flowers. -seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits. -sterility of Acorus calamus. -resistance of individual plants to cold.

LINNAEUS, summer and winter wheat regarded as distinct species by. -on the single-leaved strawberry. -sterility of Alpine plants in gardens. -recognition of individual reindeer by the Laplanders. -growth of tobacco in Sweden.

LINNET.

Linota cannabina.

Linum.

LION, fertility of, in captivity.

LIPARI, feral rabbits of.

LIVINGSTONE, Dr., striped young pigs on the Zambesi. -domestic rabbits at Loanda. -use of grass-seeds as food in Africa. -planting of fruit-trees by the Batokas. -character of half-castes. -taming of animals among the Barotse. -selection practised in South Africa.

LIVINGSTONE, Mr., disuse a cause of drooping ears.

LIZARDS, reproduction of tail in.

LLAMA, selection of.

LLOYD, Mr., taming of the wolf. -English dogs in northern Europe. -fertility of the goose increased by domestication. -number of eggs laid by the wild goose. -breeding of the capercailzie in captivity.

LOANDA, domestic rabbits at.

Loasa, hybrid of two species of.

Lobelia, reversion in hybrids of. -contabescence in.

Lobelia fulgens, cardinalis, and syphilitica.

LOCKHART, Dr., on Chinese pigeons.

LOCUST-TREE.

LOISELEUR-DESLONGCHAMPS, originals of cultivated plants. -Mongolian varieties of wheat. -characters of the ear in wheat. -acclimatisation of exotic wheat in Europe. -effect of change of climate on wheat. -on the supposed necessity of the coincident variation of weeds and cultivated plants. -advantage of change of soil to plants.

Lolium temulentum, variable presence of barbs in.

LONG-TAILED sheep.

LOOCHOO Islands, horses of.

LORD, J.K., on Canis latrans.

"LORI RAJAH," how produced.

Lorius garrulus.

"LOTAN" tumbler pigeon.

LOUDON, J.W., varieties of the carrot. -short duration of varieties of peas. -on the glands of peach-leaves. -presence of bloom on Russian apples. -origin of varieties of the apple. -varieties of the gooseberry. -on the nut tree. -varieties of the ash. -fastigiate juniper (J. suecica). -on Ilex aquifolium ferox. -varieties of the Scotch fir. -varieties of the hawthorn. -variation in the persistency of leaves on the elm and Turkish oak. -importance of cultivated varieties. -varieties of Rosa spinosissima. -variation of dahlias from the same seed. -production of Provence roses from seeds of the moss-rose. -effect of grafting the purple-leaved upon the common hazel. -intercrossing melons. -nearly evergreen Cornish variety of the elm.

LOW, on the pigs of the Orkney Islands.

LOW, Prof., pedigrees of greyhounds. -origin of the dog. -burrowing instinct of a half-bred dingo. -inheritance of qualities in horses. -comparative powers of English racehorses, Arabs, etc. -British breeds of cattle. -wild cattle of Chartley. -effect of abundance of food on the size of cattle. -effects of climate on the skin of cattle. -on interbreeding. -selection in Hereford cattle. -formation of new breeds. -on "sheeted" cattle.

LOWE, Mr., on hive bees.

LOWE, Rev. Mr., on the range of Pyrus malus and P. acerba.

LOWNE, Mr., monsters. -on gemmules.

"LOWTUN" tumbler pigeon.

Loxia pyrrhula.

LUBBOCK, Sir J., developments of the Ephemeridae.

LUCAS, P., effects of cross-breeding on the female. -hereditary diseases. -hereditary affections of the eye. -inheritance of anomalies in the human eye and in that of the horse. -inheritance of polydactylism. -morbid uniformity in the same family. -inheritance of mutilations. -persistency of cross-reversion. -persistency of character in breeds of animals in wild countries. -prepotency of transmission. -supposed rules of transmission in crossing animals. -sexual limitations of transmission of peculiarities. -absorption of the minority in crossed races. -crosses without blending of certain characters. -on interbreeding. -variability dependent on reproduction. -period of action of variability. -inheritance of deafness in cats. -complexion and constitution.

LUCAZE-DUTHIERS, structure and growth of galls.

LUCAE, Prof., on the masked pig. on pigs.

LUIZET, grafting of a peach-almond on a peach.

LUTKE, cats of the Caroline Archipelago.

LUXURIANCE, of vegetative organs, a cause of sterility in plants.

LYONNET, on the scission of Nais.

Lysimachia nummularia, sterility of.

Lythrum, trimorphic species of.

Lythrum salicaria. -contabescence in.

Lytta vesicatoria, affecting the kidneys.

Macacus, species of, bred in captivity.

MACAULAY, Lord, improvement of the English horse.

M'CLELLAND, Dr., variability of fresh-water fishes in India.

M'COY, Prof., on the dingo.

MACFAYDEN, influence of soil in producing sweet or bitter oranges from the same seed.

MACGILLIVRAY, domestication of the rock-dove. -feral pigeons in Scotland. -number of vertebrae in birds. -on wild geese. -number of eggs of wild and tame ducks.

MACKENZIE, Sir G., peculiar variety of the potato.

MACKENZIE, P., bud-variation in the currant.

MACKINNON, Mr., horses of the Falkland Islands. -feral cattle of the Falkland Islands.

MACKNIGHT, C., on interbreeding cattle.

MACNAB, Mr., on seedling weeping birches. -non-production of the weeping beech by seed.

MADAGASCAR, cats of.

MADDEN, H., on interbreeding cattle.

MADEIRA, rock pigeon of.

Magnolia grandiflora.

MAGNUS, Herr, on potato-grafting. -on graft-hybrids.

MAIZE, its unity of origin. -antiquity of. -with husked grains said to grow wild. -variation of. -irregularities in the flowers of. -persistence of varieties. -adaptation of, to climate. -acclimatisation of. -crossing of. -extinct Peruvian varieties of.

MALAY fowl.

MALAY Archipelago, horses of. -short-tailed cats of. -striped young wild pigs of. -ducks of.

MALE, influence of, on the fecundated female. -supposed influence of, on offspring.

MALE flowers, appearance of, among female flowers in maize.

MALFORMATIONS, hereditary.

MALINGIE-NOUEL, on sheep. -cross-breeding sheep. -English sheep in France.

MALM, eyes of flat fish.

Malva, fertilisation of.

Mamestra suasa.

MAMMAE, variable in number in the pig. -rudimentary, occasional full development of, in cows. -four present in some sheep. -variable in number in rabbits. -latent functions of, in male animals.

MANGLES, Mr., annual varieties of the heartsease.

MANTEGAZZA, abnormal growth of spur of cock. -on Pangenesis.

MANTELL, Mr., taming of birds by the New Zealanders.

MANU, domestic fowl noticed in the Institutes of.

MANURE, effect of, on the fertility of plants.

MANX cats.

MARCEL DE SERRES, fertility of the ostrich.

MARIANNE Islands, varieties of Pandanus in.

MARKHAM, GERVASE, on rabbits.

MARKHOR, probably one of the parents of the goat.

MARQUAND, cattle of the Channel Islands.

MARRIMPOEY, inheritance in the horse.

MARROW, vegetable.

MARRYATT, Capt., breeding of asses in Kentucky.

MARSDEN, notice of Gallus giganteus.

MARSHALL, Dr. W., on Gallus sonneratii.

MARSHALL, Mr., voluntary selection of pasture by sheep. -adaptation of wheats to soil and climate. -"Dutch-buttocked" cattle. -segregation of herds of sheep. -advantage of change of soil to wheat and potatoes. -fashionable change in the horns of cattle. -sheep in Yorkshire.

MARTENS, E. VON, on Achatinella.

MARTIN, W.C.L., origin of the dog. -Egyptian dogs. -barking of a Mackenzie River dog. -African hounds in the Tower menagerie. -on dun horses and dappled asses. -breeds of the horse. -wild horses. -Syrian breeds of asses. -asses without stripes. -effects of cross-breeding on the female in dogs. -striped legs of mules.

MARTINS, defective instincts of silkworms.

MARTIUS, C., fruit-trees of Stockholm.

MASON, W., bud-variation in the ash.

MASTERS, Dr., on bud-variation and reversion. -potato-grafting. -on pollen within ovules. -reversion in the spiral-leaved weeping willow. -on peloric flowers. -on Opuntia. -pelorism in a clover. -position as a cause of pelorism.

MASTERS, Mr., persistence of varieties of peas. -reproduction of colour in hyacinths. -on hollyhocks. -selection of peas for seed. -on Hibiscus syriacus. -reversion by the terminal pea in the pod.

MASTIFF, sculptured on an Assyrian monument. -Tibetan.

MATTHEWS, PATRICK, on forest trees.

Matthiola annua.

Matthiola incana.

MAUCHAMP merino sheep.

MAUDUYT, crossing of wolves and dogs in the Pyrenees.

MAUND, Mr., crossed varieties of wheat.

MAUPERTUIS, axiom of "least action."

MAURITIUS, importation of goats into.

MAW, G., effects of change of climate. -correlation of contracted leaves and flowers in pelargoniums.

MAWZ, fertility of Brassica rapa.

Maxillaria, self-fertilised capsules of.

Maxillaria atro-rubens, fertilisation of, by M. squalens.

MAXIMOWICZ, direct action of pollen.

MAYERS, on gold-fish in China.

MAYES, M., self-impotence in Amaryllis.

MECKEL, on the number of digits. -correlation of abnormal muscles in the leg and arm.

MEDUSAE, development of.

MEEHAN, Mr., weeping peach. -effects of parasites. -comparison of European and American trees.

Meles taxus.

MELONS. -mongrel supposed to be produced from a twin-seed. -crossing of varieties of. -inferiority of, in Roman times. -changes in, by culture and climate. -serpent, correlation of variations in. -analogous variations in.

MEMBRANES, false.

MENETRIES, on the stomach of Strix grallaria.

MENINGITIS, tubercular, inherited.

MERRICK, potato-grafting.

METAGENESIS.

METAMORPHOSIS.

METAMORPHOSIS and development.

METZGER, on the supposed species of wheat. -tendency of wheat to vary. -variation of maize. -cultivation of American maize in Europe. -on cabbages. -acclimatisation of Spanish wheat in Germany. -advantage of change of soil to plants. -on rye. -cultivation of different kinds of wheat.

MEXICO, dog from, with tan spots on the eyes. -colours of feral horses in.

MEYEN, on seeding of bananas.

MICE, grey and white, colours of, not blended by crossing. -rejection of bitter almonds by. -naked.

MICHAUX, F., roan-coloured feral horses of Mexico. -origin of domestic turkey. -on raising peaches from seed.

MICHEL, F., selection of horses in mediaeval times. -horses preferred on account of slight characters.

MICHELY, effects of food on caterpillars. -on Bombyx hesperus.

MICROPHTHALMIA, associated with defective teeth.

MIDDENS, Danish, remains of dogs in.

MIGNONETTE.

MILLET.

MILLS, J., diminished fertility of mares when first turned out to grass.

MILNE-EDWARDS, on the development of the crustacea.

MILNE-EDWARDS, A., on a crustacean with a monstrous eye-peduncle.

Milvus niger.

Mimulus luteus.

MINOR, W.C., gemmation and fission in annelids.

Mirabilis, fertilisation of. -hybrids of.

Mirabilis jalapa.

Mirabilis longiflora.

Mirabilis vulgaris.

Misocampus and Cecidomyia.

MITCHELL, Dr., effects of the poison of the rattlesnake.

MITFORD, Mr., notice of the breeding of horses by Erichthonius.

MIVART, Mr., rudimentary organs.

MOCCAS Court, weeping oak at.

MOGFORD, horses poisoned by fool's parsley.

MOLLER, L., effects of food on insects.

MOLE, white.

MOLL and Gayot, on cattle.

MOLLUSCA, change in shells of.

MONKE, Lady, culture of the pansy by.

MONKEYS, rarely fertile in captivity.

MONNIER, identity of summer and winter wheat.

MONSTERS, double.

MONSTROSITIES, occurrence of, in domesticated animals and cultivated plants. -due to persistence of embryonic conditions. -occurring by reversion. -a cause of sterility. -caused by injury to the embryo.

MOOR, J.H., deterioration of the horse in Malasia.

MOORCROFT, Mr., on Hasora wheat. -selection of white-tailed yaks. -melon of Kaschmir. -varieties of the apricot cultivated in Ladakh. -varieties of the walnut cultivated in Kaschmir.

MOORE, Mr., on breeds of pigeons. -on ground tumblers.

MOORUK, fertility of, in captivity.

MOQUIN-TANDON, original form of maize. -variety of the double columbine. -peloric flowers. -position as a cause of pelorism in flowers. -tendency of peloric flowers to become irregular. -on monstrosities. -correlation in the axis and appendages of plants. -fusion of homologous parts in plants. -on a bean with monstrous stipules and abortive leaflets. -conversion of parts of flowers.

MORLOT, dogs of the Danish Middens. -sheep and horse of the Bronze period.

Mormodes ignea.

MOROCCO, estimation of pigeons in.

MORREN, grafts of Abutilon. -on pelorism. -in Calceolaria. -non-coincidence of double flowers and variegated leaves.

MORRIS, Mr., breeding of the kestrel in captivity.

MORSE, Dr., digits of birds.

MORTON, Lord, effect of fecundation by a quagga on an Arab mare.

MORTON, Dr., origin of the dog.

Morus alba.

MOSCOW, rabbits of. -effects of cold on pear-trees at.

MOSSES, sterility in. -retrogressive metamorphosis in.

MOSS-ROSE, probable origin of, from Rosa centifolia. -Provence roses produced from seeds of.

MOSTO, Cada, on the introduction of rabbits into Porto Santo.

MOT-MOT, mutilation of feathers inherited.

MOTTLING of fruits and flowers.

MOUNTAIN-ASH.

MOUSE, Barbary.

"MOVEN-TAUBE."

MOWBRAY, Mr., on the eggs of game fowls. -early pugnacity of game cocks. -diminished fecundity of the pheasant in captivity.

MOWBRAY, Mr., reciprocal fecundation of Passiflora alata and racemosa.

MULATTOS, character of.

MULBERRY.

MULE and hinny, differences in the.

MULES, striped colouring of. -obstinacy of. -production of, among the Romans. -noticed in the Bible.

MULLER, FRITZ, reproduction of orchids. -development of crustacea. -direct action of pollen. -self-sterile bignonia.

MULLER, H., on the face and teeth in dogs.

MULLER, J., tendency to variation. -atrophy of the optic nerve consequent on destruction of the eye. -on gemmation and fission. -identity of ovules and buds. -special affinities of the tissues.

MULLER, MAX, antiquity of agriculture.

MULTIPLICITY of origin of pigeons, hypotheses of, discussed.

MUNIZ, F., on Niata cattle.

MUNRO, R., on the fertilisation of orchids. -reproduction of Passiflora alata. -self-sterile Passiflora.

"MURASSA" pigeon.

MURIE, Dr., size of hybrids.

MURPHY, J.J., the structure of the eye not producible by selection.

Mus alexandrinus.

Musa sapientium, chinensis and cavendishii.

Muscari comosum.

MUSCLES, effects of use on.

MUSK duck, feral hybrid of, with the common duck.

MUTILATIONS, inheritance or non-inheritance of.

MYATT, on a five-leaved variety of the strawberry.

MYOPIA, hereditary.

MYRIAPODA, regeneration of lost parts in.

NAILS, growing on stumps of fingers.

NAIS, scission of.

NAMAQUAS, cattle of the.

NARCISSUS, double, becoming single in poor soil.

NARVAEZ, on the cultivation of native plants in Florida.

Nasua, sterility of, in captivity.

"NATAS" or Niatas, a South American breed of cattle.

NATHUSIUS, H. VON, on striped horses. -on the pigs of the Swiss lake-dwellings. -on the races of pigs. -convergence of character in highly-bred pigs. -causes of changes in the form of the pig's skull. -changes in breeds of pigs by crossing. -change of form in the pig. -effects of disuse of parts in the pig. -period of gestation in the pig. -appendages to the jaw in pigs. -on Sus pliciceps. -period of gestation in sheep. -on Niata cattle. -on shorthorn cattle. -on interbreeding. -in the sheep. -in pigs. -unconscious selection in cattle and pigs. -variability of highly-selected races.

NATO, P., on the Bizzarria orange.

NATURAL selection, its general principles.

NATURE, sense in which the term is employed.

NAUDIN, supposed rules of transmission in crossing plants. -on the nature of hybrids. -essences of the species in hybrids. -reversion of hybrids. -reversion in flowers by stripes and blotches. -hybrids of Linaria vulgaris and purpurea. -pelorism in Linaria. -crossing of peloric Linaria with the normal form. -variability in Datura. -hybrids of Datura laevis and stramonium. -prepotency of transmission of Datura stramonium when crossed. -on the pollen of Mirabilis and of hybrids. -fertilisation of Mirabilis. -cultivated Cucurbitaceae. -rudimentary tendrils in gourds. -dwarf Cucurbitae. -relation between the size and number of the fruit in Cucurbita pepo. -analogous variation in Cucurbitae. -acclimatisation of Cucurbitaceae. -production of fruit by sterile hybrid Cucurbitaceae. -on the melon. -incapacity of the cucumber to cross with other species.

NECTARINE. -derived from the peach. -hybrids of. -persistency of characters in seedling. -origin of. -produced on peach-trees. -producing peaches. -variation in. -bud-variation in. -glands in the leaves of the. -analogous variation in.

NECTARY, variations of, in pansies.

NEES, on changes in the odour of plants.

"NEGRO" cat.

NEGROES, polydactylism in. -selection of cattle practised by.

NEOLITHIC period, domestication of Bos longifrons and primigenius in the. -cattle of the, distinct from the original species. -domestic goat in the. -cereals of the.

NERVE, optic, atrophy of the.

NEUBERT, potato-grafting.

NEUMEISTER, on the Dutch and German pouter pigeons. -on the Jacobin pigeon. -duplication of the middle flight feather in pigeons. -on a peculiarly coloured breed of pigeons, "Staarhalsige Taube." -fertility of hybrid pigeons. -mongrels of the trumpeter pigeon. -period of perfect plumage in pigeons. -advantage of crossing pigeons.

NEURALGIA, hereditary.

NEW ZEALAND, feral cats of. cultivated plants of.

NEWFOUNDLAND dog, modification of, in England.

NEWMAN, E., sterility of Sphingidae under certain conditions.

NEWPORT, G., non-copulation of Vanessae in confinement. -fertilisation of the ovule in batrachia.

NEWT, polydactylism in the.

NEWTON, A., absence of sexual distinctions in the Columbidae. -production of a "black-shouldered" peahen among the ordinary kind. -on hybrid ducks.

NGAMI, Lake, cattle of.

"NIATA" cattle. -resemblance of, to Sivatherium. -prepotency of transmission of character by.

"NICARD" rabbit.

NICHOLSON, Dr., on the cats of Antigua. -on the sheep of Antigua.

Nicotiana, crossing of varieties and species of. -prepotency of transmission of characters in species of. -contabescence of female organs in.

Nicotiana glutinosa.

NIEBUHR, on the heredity of mental characteristics in some Roman families.

NIGHT-BLINDNESS, non-reversion to.

NILSSON, Prof., on the barking of a young wolf. -parentage of European breeds of cattle. -on Bos frontosus in Scania.

NIND, Mr., on the dingo.

"NISUS formativus."

NITZSCH, on the absence of the oil-gland in certain Columbae.

NON-INHERITANCE, causes of.

"NONNAIN" pigeon.

NORDMANN, dogs of Awhasie.

NORMANDY, pigs of, with appendages under the jaw.

NORWAY, striped ponies of.

NOTT and Gliddon, on the origin of the dog. -mastiff represented on an Assyrian tomb. -on Egyptian dogs. -on the Hare Indian dog.

Notylia.

NOURISHMENT, excess of, a cause of variability.

NUMBER, importance of, in selection.

Numida ptilorhyncha, the original of the Guinea-fowl.

NUN pigeon. -known to Aldrovandi.

NUTMEG-TREE.

OAK, weeping. -pyramidal. -Hessian. -late-leaved. -valueless as timber at the Cape of Good Hope. -changes in, dependent on age. -galls of the.

OATS, wild. -in the Swiss lake-dwellings.

OBERLIN, change of soil beneficial to the potato.

ODART, Count, varieties of the vine. -bud-variation in the vine.

Oecidium.

Oenothera biennis, bud-variation in.

OGLE, Dr. J.W., inherited deficient phalanges. -resemblance of twins.

OIL-GLAND, absence of, in fantail pigeons.

OLDFIELD, Mr., estimation of European dogs among the natives of Australia.

OLEANDER, stock affected by grafting in the.

OLLIER, Dr., insertion of the periosteum of a dog beneath the skin of a rabbit.

Oncidium, reproduction of.

ONIONS, crossing of. -white, liable to the attacks of fungi and disease.

Ophrys apifera, self-fertilisation of. -formation of pollen by a petal in.

Opuntia leucotricha.

ORANGE. -crossing of. -with the lemon. -naturalisation of, in Italy. -variation of, in North Italy. -peculiar variety of. -bizzarria. -trifacial.

ORCHIDS, reproduction of.

ORFORD, Lord, crossing greyhounds with the bulldog.

ORGANISMS, origin of.

ORGANISATION, advancement in.

ORGANS, rudimentary and aborted. -multiplication of abnormal.

ORIOLE, assumptions of hen-plumage by a male in confinement.

ORKNEY Islands, pigs of. -pigeons of.

ORTHOPTERA, regeneration of hind legs in the.

Orthosia munda.

ORTON, R., on the effects of cross-breeding on the female. -on the Manx cat. -on mongrels from the silk fowl. -infertility of geese in Quito.

OSBORNE, Dr., inherited mottling of the iris.

OSPREY, preying on black fowls.

OSTEN-SACKEN, Baron, on American oak-galls.

OSTEOLOGICAL characters of pigs. -of rabbits. -of pigeons. -of ducks.

OSTRICH, diminished fertility of the, in captivity.

OSTYAKS, selection of dogs by the.

OTTER.

"OTTER" sheep of Massachusetts.

OUDE, feral humped cattle in.

OUISTITI, breed in Europe.

OVARY, variation of, in Cucurbita moschata. -development of, independently of pollen.

Ovis montana.

OVULES and buds, identity of nature of.

OWEN, Capt., on stiff-haired cats at Mombas.

OWEN, Prof. R., palaeontological evidence as to the origin of dogs. -on the skull of the "Niata" cattle. -on fossil remains of rabbits. -on the significance of the brain. -on metagenesis. -theory of reproduction and parthenogenesis.

OWL, eagle, breeding in captivity.

OWL pigeon. -African, figured. -known in 1735.

Oxalis, trimorphic species of.

Oxalis rosea.

OXLEY, Mr., on the nutmeg-tree.

OYSTERS, differences in the shells of.

PACA, sterility of the, in confinement.

PACIFIC Islands, pigs of the.

PADUA, earliest known flower-garden at.

PADUAN fowl of Aldrovandi.

Paeonia moutan.

PAEONY-TREE, ancient cultivation of, in China.

PAGET, on the Hungarian sheep-dog.

PAGET, Sir J., inheritance of cancer. -hereditary elongation of hairs in the eyebrow. -regrowth of extra digits. -circumcision. -period of inheritance of cancer. -on Hydra. -on the healing of wounds. -on the reparation of bones. -growth of hair near inflamed surfaces or fractures. -on false membranes. -compensatory development of the kidney. -bronzed skin in disease of supra-renal capsules. -unity of growth and gemmation. -independence of the elements of the body. -affinity of the tissues for special organic substances.

PALLAS, on the influence of domestication upon the sterility of intercrossed species. -hypothesis that variability is wholly due to crossing. -on the origin of the dog. -variation in dogs. -crossing of dog and jackal. -origin of domestic cats. -origin of Angora cat. -on wild horses. -on Persian sheep. -on Siberian fat-tailed sheep. -on Chinese sheep. -on Crimean varieties of the vine. -on a grape with rudimentary seeds. -on feral musk-ducks. -sterility of Alpine plants in gardens. -selection of white-tailed yaks.

PAMPAS, feral cattle on the.

Pandanus.

PANGENESIS, hypothesis of.

Panicum, seeds of, used as food. -found in the Swiss lake-dwellings.

PANSY.

PAPPUS, abortion of the, in Carthamus.

Paradoxurus, sterility of species of, in captivity.

PARAGUAY, cats of. -cattle of. -horses of. -dogs of. -black-skinned domestic fowl of.

PARALLEL variation.

PARAMOS, woolly pigs of.

PARASITES, liability to attacks of, dependent on colour.

PARIAH dog, with crooked legs. -resembling the Indian wolf.

PARISET, inheritance of handwriting.

Paritium tricuspis, bud-variation.

PARKER, W.K., number of vertebrae in fowls.

PARKINSON, Mr., varieties of the hyacinth.

PARKYNS, MANSFIELD, on Columba guinea.

PARMENTIER, differences in the nidification of pigeons. -on white pigeons.

PARROTS, general sterility of, in confinement. -alteration of plumage of.

PARSNIP, reversion in. -influence of selection on. -experiments on. -wild, enlargement of roots of, by cultivation.

PARTHENOGENESIS.

PARTRIDGE, sterility of, in captivity.

PARTURITION, difficult, hereditary.

Parus major.

Passiflora, self-impotence in species of. -contabescence of female organs in.

Passiflora alata, fertility of, when grafted.

PASTRANA, Julia, peculiarities in the hair and teeth of.

PASTURE and climate, adaptation of breeds of sheep to.

PATAGONIA, crania of pigs from.

PATAGONIAN rabbit.

PATERSON, R., on the Arrindy silk-moth.

PAUL, W., on the hyacinth. -varieties of pelargoniums. -weakness of transmission in hollyhocks. -improvement of pelargoniums.

Pavo cristatus and muticus, hybrids of.

Pavo nigripennis.

"PAVODOTTEN-TAUBE."

PEACH. -derived from the almond. -stones of, figured. -contrasted with almonds. -double-flowering. -hybrids of. -persistency of races of. -trees producing nectarines. -variation in. -bud-variation in. -pendulous. -variation by selection in. -peculiar disease of the. -glands on the leaves of the. -antiquity of the. -increased hardiness of the. -varieties of, adapted for forcing. -yellow-fleshed. -liable to certain diseases.

PEACH-ALMOND.

PEAFOWL, origin of. -japanned or black-shouldered. -feral, in Jamaica. -comparative fertility of, in wild and tame states. -white.

PEARS. -bud-variation in. -reversion in seedling. -inferiority of, in Pliny's time. -winter nelis, attacked by aphides. -soft-barked varieties of, attacked by wood-boring beetles. -origination of good varieties of, in woods. -Forelle, resistance of, to frost.

PEAS. -origin of. -varieties of. -found in Swiss lake-dwellings. -fruit and seeds figured. -persistency of varieties. -intercrossing of varieties. -effect of crossing on the female organs in. -double-flowered. -maturity of, accelerated by selection. -varieties of, produced by selection. -thin-shelled, liable to the attacks of birds. -reversion of, by the terminal seed in the pod.

PECCARY, breeding of the, in captivity.

PEDIGREES of horses, cattle, greyhounds, game-cocks, and pigs.

PEGU, cats of. -horses of.

PELARGONIUMS, multiple origin of. -zones of. -bud-variation in. -variegation in, accompanied by dwarfing. -pelorism in. -by reversion. -advantage of change of soil to. -improvement of, by selection. -scorching of. -numbers of, raised from seed. -effects of conditions of life on. -stove-variety of. -correlation of contracted leaves and flowers in.

Pelargonium fulgidum, conditions of fertility in.

"PELONES," a Columbian breed of cattle.

PELORIC flowers, tendency of, to acquire the normal form. -fertility or sterility of.

PELORIC races of Gloxinia speciosa and Antirrhinum majus.

PELORISM.

PELVIS, characters of, in rabbits. -in pigeons. -in fowls. -in ducks.

PEMBROKE cattle.

PENDULOUS trees. -uncertainty of transmission of.

PENGUIN ducks. -hybrid of the, with the Egyptian goose.

PENNANT, production of wolf-like curs at Fochabers. -on the Duke of Queensberry's wild cattle.

Pennisetum, seeds of, used as food in the Punjab.

Pennisetum distichum, seeds of, used as food in Central Africa.

PERCIVAL, Mr., on inheritance in horses. -on horn-like processes in horses.

Perdix rubra, occasional fertility of, in captivity.

PERIOD of action of causes of variability.

PERIOSTEUM of a dog, producing bone in a rabbit.

PERIWINKLE, sterility of, in England.

PERSIA, estimation of pigeons in. -carrier pigeon of. -tumbler pigeon of -cats of. -sheep of.

PERSISTENCE of colour in horses. -of generic peculiarities.

PERU, antiquity of maize in. -peculiar potato from. -selection of wild animals practised by the Incas of.

"PERUCKEN-TAUBE."

PETALS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants. -producing pollen.

PETUNIAS, multiple origin of.

PEYRITSCH, Dr., vegetable teratology.

"PFAUEN-TAUBE."

Phalaenopsis, pelorism in.

PHALANGES, deficiency of.

Phaps chalcoptera.

Phaseolus multiflorus.

Phaseolus vulgaris.

Phasianus pictus.

Phasianus amherstiae.

PHEASANT, assumption of male plumage by the hen. -wildness of hybrids of, with the common fowl. -prepotency of the, over the fowl. -diminished fecundity of the, in captivity.

PHEASANTS, golden and Lady Amherst's.

PHEASANT-FOWLS.

PHILIPEAUX, regeneration of limbs in the salamander.

PHILIPPAR, on the varieties of wheat.

PHILIPPINE Islands, named breeds of game fowl in the.

PHILLIPS, Mr., on bud-variation in the potato.

Phlox, bud-variation by suckers in.

PHTHISIS, affection of the fingers in.

PHYLLOXERA.

PICKERING, Dr., on the grunting voice of humped cattle. -occurrence of the head of a fowl in an ancient Egyptian procession. -seeding of ordinarily seedless fruits. -extinction of ancient Egyptian breeds of sheep and oxen. -on an ancient Peruvian gourd.

PICOTEES, effect of conditions of life on.

PICTET, A., oriental names of the pigeon.

PICTET, Prof., origin of the dog. -on fossil oxen.

PIEBALDS, probably due to reversion.

PIETREMENT, M., on the ribs of horses.

PIGEAUX, hybrids of the hare and rabbit.

PIGEON a cravate.

PIGEON bagadais.

PIGEON coquille.

PIGEON cygne.

PIGEON heurte.

PIGEON pattu plongeur.

PIGEON polonais.

PIGEON romain.

PIGEON tambour.

PIGEON turc.

PIGEONS, origin of. -classified table of breeds of. -pouter. -carrier. -runt. -barbs. -fantail. -turbit and owl. -tumbler. -Indian frill-back. -Jacobin. -trumpeter. -other breeds of. -differences of, equal to generic. -individual variations of. -variability of peculiarities characteristic of breeds in. -sexual variability in. -osteology of. -correlation of growth in. -young of some varieties naked when hatched. -effects of disuse in. -settling and roosting in trees. -floating in the Nile to drink. -dovecote. -arguments for unity of origin of. -feral, in various places. -unity of coloration in. -reversion of mongrel, to coloration of C. livia. -history of the cultivation of. -history of the principal races of. -mode of production of races of. -reversion in. -by age. -produced by crossing in. -prepotency of transmission of characters in breeds of. -sexual differences in some varieties of. -period of perfect plumage in. -effect of segregation on. -preferent pairing of, within the same breed. -fertility of, increased by domestication. -effects of interbreeding and necessity of crossing. -indifference of, to change of climate. -selection of. -among the Romans. -unconscious selection of. -facility of selection of. -white, liable to the attacks of hawks. -effects of disuse of parts in. -fed upon meat. -effect of first male upon the subsequent progeny of the female. -homology of the leg and wing feathers in. -union of two outer toes in feather-legged. -correlation of beak, limbs, tongue, and nostrils. -analogous variation in. -permanence of breeds of.

PIGS, of Swiss lake-dwellings. -types of, derived from Sus scrofa and Sus indicus. -Japanese (Sus pliciceps, Gray), figured. -of Pacific Islands. -modifications of skull in. -length of intestines in. -period of gestation of. -number of vertebrae and ribs in. -anomalous forms. -development of tusks and bristles in. -striped young of. -reversion of feral, to wild type. -production and changes of breeds of, by intercrossing. -effects produced by the first male upon the subsequent progeny of the female. -pedigrees of. -polydactylism in. -cross-reversion in. -hybrid, wildness of. -disappearance of tusks in male under domestication. -solid-hoofed. -crosses of. -mutual fertility of all varieties of. -increased fertility by domestication. -ill effects of close interbreeding in. -influence of selection on. -prejudice against certain colours in. -unconscious selection of. -black Virginian. -similarity of the best breeds of. -change of form in. -effects of disuse of parts in. -ears of. -correlations in. -white buck-wheat injurious to. -tail of, grafted upon the back. -extinction of the older races of.

PIMENTA.

PIMPERNEL.

PINE-APPLE, sterility and variability of the.

PINK, Chinese.

PINKS, bud-variation in. -improvement of.

Pinus pumilio, mughus, and nana, varieties of P. sylvestris.

Pinus sylvestris. -hybrids of, with P. nigricans.

PIORRY, on hereditary disease.

Pistacia lentiscus.

Pistacia vera.

PISTILS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants.

Pistor, sterility of some mongrel pigeons. -fertility of pigeons.

Pisum arvense and sativum.

PITYRIASIS versicolor, inheritance of.

PLANCHON, G., on a fossil vine. -sterility of Jussiaea grandiflora in France.

PLANE-TREE, variety of the.

PLANTIGRADE carnivora, general sterility of the, in captivity.

PLANTS, progress of cultivation of. -cultivated, their geographical derivation. -crossing of. -comparative fertility of wild and cultivated. -self-impotent. -dimorphic and trimorphic. -sterility of, from changed conditions. -from contabescence of anthers. -from monstrosities. -from doubling of the flowers. -from seedless fruit. -from excessive development of vegetative organs. -influence of selection on. -variation by selection, in useful parts of. -variability of. -variability of, induced by crossing. -direct action of change of climate on. -change of period of vegetation in. -varieties of, suitable to different climates. -correlated variability of. -antiquity of races of.

PLASTICITY, inheritance of.

PLATEAU, F., on the vision of amphibious animals.

Platessa flesus.

PLATO, notice of selection in breeding dogs by.

PLICA polonica.

PLINY, on the crossing of shepherd dogs with the wolf. -on Pyrrhus' breed of cattle. -on the estimation of pigeons among the Romans. -pears described by.

PLUM. -stones figured. -varieties of the. -bud-variation in the. -peculiar disease of the. -flower-buds of, destroyed by bullfinches. -purple-fruited, liable to certain diseases.

PLUMAGE, inherited peculiarities of, in pigeons. -sexual peculiarities of, in fowls.

PLURALITY of races, Pouchet's views on.

Poa, seeds of, used as food. -species of, propagated by bulblets.

PODOLIAN cattle.

POINTERS, modification of. -crossed with the foxhound.

POIS sans parchemin.

POITEAU, origin of Cytisus adami. -origin of cultivated varieties of fruit-trees.

POLISH fowl. -skull figured. -section of skull figured. -development of protuberance of skull. -furculum figured.

POLISH, or Himalayan rabbit.

POLLEN. -action of. -injurious action of, in some orchids. -resistance of, to injurious treatment. -prepotency of.

POLLOCK, Sir F., transmission of variegated leaves in Ballota nigra. -on local tendency to variegation.

POLYANTHUS.

POLYDACTYLISM, inheritance of. -significance of.

PONIES, most frequent on islands and mountains. -Javanese.

POOLE, Col., on striped Indian horses. -on the young of Asinus indicus.

POPLAR, Lombardy.

POPPIG, on Cuban wild dogs.

POPPY, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings. -with the stamens converted into pistils. -differences of the, in different parts of India. -monstrous, fertility of. -black-seeded, antiquity of.

PORCUPINE, breeding of, in captivity.

PORCUPINE family.

Porphyrio, breeding of a species of, in captivity.

PORTAL, on a peculiar hereditary affection of the eye.

PORTO Santo, feral rabbits of.

Portulaca oleracea.

Potamochoerus penicillatus.

POTATO. -bud-variation by tubers in the. -graft-hybrid of, by union of half-tubers. -individual self-impotence in the. -sterility of. -advantage of change of soil to the.

POTATO, sweet, sterility of the, in China. -varieties of the, suited to different climates.

POUCHET, M., his views on plurality of races.

POUTER pigeons. -furculum figured. -history of.

POWIS, Lord, experiments in crossing humped and English cattle.

POYNTER, Mr., on a graft-hybrid rose.

PRAIRIE wolf.

PRECOCITY of highly-improved breeds.

PREPOTENCY of pollen.

PREPOTENCY of transmission of character. -in the Austrian emperors and some Roman families. -in cattle. -in sheep. -in cats. -in pigeons. -in fowls. -in plants. -in a variety of the pumpkin. -in the jackal over the dog. -in the ass over the horse. -in the pheasant over the fowl. -in the penguin duck over the Egyptian goose. -discussion of the phenomena of.

PRESCOTT, Mr., on the earliest known European flower-garden.

PRESSURE, mechanical, a cause of modification.

PREVOST and Dumas, on the employment of several spermatozoids to fertilise one ovule.

PREYER, Prof., on the effect of circumcision.

PRICE, Mr., variations in the structure of the feet in horses.

PRICHARD, Dr., on polydactylism in the negro. -on the Lambert family. -on an albino negro. -on Plica polonica.

PRIMROSE. -double, rendered single by transplantation.

Primula, intercrossing of species of. -contabescence in. -'hose in hose.' -with coloured calyces, sterility of.

Primula sinensis, variations. -reciprocally dimorphic.

Primula veris.

Primula vulgaris.

PRINCE, Mr., on the intercrossing of strawberries.

PRINGSHEIM, on conjugation.

Procyon, sterility of, in captivity.

PROLIFICNESS, increased by domestication.

PROTOZOA, reproduction of the.

Prunus armeniaca.

Prunus avium.

Prunus cerasus.

Prunus domestica.

Prunus insititia.

Prunus spinosa.

PRUSSIA, wild horses in.

Psittacus erithacus.

Psittacus macoa.

Psophia, general sterility of, in captivity.

PTARMIGAN fowls.

Pulex penetrans.

PUMPKINS.

PUNO ponies of the Cordillera.

PUSEY, Mr., value of crossbred sheep. -preference of hares and rabbits for common rye.

PUTSCHE and Vertuch, varieties of the potato.

PUVIS, effects of foreign pollen on apples. -supposed non-variability of monotypic genera.

Pyrrhula vulgaris. -assumption of the hen-plumage by the male, in confinement.

PYRRHUS, his breed of cattle.

Pyrus, fastigiate Chinese species of.

Pyrus acerba.

Pyrus aucuparia.

Pyrus communis.

Pyrus malus.

Pyrus paradisiaca.

Pyrus praecox.

QUAGGA, previous impregnation by.

QUATREFAGES, A. DE, on the burrowing of a bitch to litter. -selection in the silkworm. -development of the wings in the silk-moth. -on varieties of the mulberry. -special raising of eggs of the silk-moth. -on disease of the silkworm. -on monstrosities in insects. -on a change in the breeding season of the Egyptian goose. -fertilisation of the Teredo. -tendency to similarity in the best races. -on his "tourbillon vital." -on the independent existence of the sexual elements.

Quercus cerris.

Quercus robur and pedunculata, hybrids of.

QUINCE, pears grafted on the.

RABBITS, domestic, their origin. -of Mount Sinai and Algeria. -breeds of. -Himalayan, Chinese, Polish, or Russian. -feral. -of Jamaica. -of the Falkland Islands. -of Porto Santo. -osteological characters of. -discussion of modifications in. -one-eared, transmission of peculiarity of. -reversion in feral. -in the Himalayan. -crossing of white and coloured Angora. -comparative fertility of wild and tame. -falsified experiments in interbreeding of. -high-bred, often bad breeders. -selection of. -white, liable to destruction. -effects of disuse of parts in. -skull of, affected by drooping ears. -length of intestines in. -correlation of ears and skull in. -variations in skull of. -periosteum of a dog producing bone in.

RACEHORSE, origin of.

RACES, modification and formation of, by crossing. -natural and artificial. -Pouchet's views on plurality of. -of pigeons.

RADCLYFFE, W.F., effect of climate and soil on strawberries. -constitutional differences in roses.

RADISHES. -crossing of. -varieties of.

RADLKOFER, retrogressive metamorphosis in mosses and algae.

RAFARIN, M., bud-variation and reversion.

RAFFLES, Sir STAMFORD, on the crossing of Javanese cattle with Bos sondaicus.

RAM, goat-like, from the Cape of Good Hope.

RAMU, M., on appendages to throat of goat.

RANCHIN, heredity of diseases.

RANGE of gallinaceous birds on the Himalaya.

RANKE, on the effects of use and disuse of organs.

Ranunculus ficaria.

Ranunculus repens.

RAPE.

Raphanus caudatus.

Raphanus raphanistrum.

Raphanus sativus.

RASPBERRY, yellow-fruited.

RATTLESNAKE, experiments with poison of the.

RAVEN, stomach of, affected by vegetable diet.

RAWSON, A., self-impotence in hybrids of Gladiolus.

RE, COMTE, on the assumption of a yellow colour by all varieties of maize.

REAUMUR, effect of confinement upon the cock. -fertility of fowls in most climates.

REED, Mr., atrophy of the limbs of rabbits, consequent on the destruction of their nerves.

REGENERATION of amputated parts in man. -in the human embryo. -in the lower vertebrata, insects, and myriapoda.

REGROWTH of amputated joints.

REGNIER, early cultivation of the cabbage by the Celts. -selection practised by the Celts.

REINDEER, individuals recognised by the Laplanders.

REISSEK, experiments in crossing Cytisus purpureus and laburnum. -modification of a Thesium by Oecidium.

RELATIONS, characters of reproduced in children.

RENGGER, occurrence of jaguars with crooked legs in Paraguay. -naked dogs of Paraguay. -feral dogs of La Plata. -on the aguara. -cats of Paraguay. -dogs of Paraguay. -feral pigs of Buenos Ayres. -on the refusal of wild animals to breed in captivity. -on Dicotyles labiatus. -sterility of plantigrade carnivora in captivity. -on Cavia aperea. -sterility of Cebus azarae in captivity. -abortions produced by wild animals in captivity.

REPRODUCTION, sexual and asexual, contrasted. -unity of forms of. -antagonism of, to growth.

Reseda odorata, self-sterility of.

RETINITIS, pigmentary, in deaf-mutes.

REUTER, Herr, potato-grafting.

REVERSION. -in pigeons. -in cattle. -in sheep. -in fowls. -in the heartsease. -in vegetables. -in feral animals and plants. -to characters derived from a previous cross in man, dogs, pigeons, pigs, and fowls. -in hybrids. -by bud-propagation in plants. -by age in fowls, cattle, etc. -partial, from an injury. -caused by crossing. -explained by latent characters. -producing monstrosities. -producing peloric flowers. -of feral pigs to the wild type. -of supposed feral rabbits to the wild type. -of pigeons, in coloration, when crossed. -in fowls. -in the silkworm. -in the pansy. -in a pelargonium. -in Chrysanthemums. -of varieties of the China rose in St. Domingo. -by buds in pinks and carnations. -of laciniated varieties of trees to the normal form. -in variegated leaves of plants. -in tulips. -of suckers of the seedless barberry to the common form. -by buds in hybrids of Tropaeolum. -in plants. -of crossed peloric snapdragons. -analogous variations due to.

RHINOCEROS, breeding in captivity in India.

Rhododendron, hybrid.

Rhododendron ciliatum.

Rhododendron dalhousiae, effect of pollen of R. nuttallii upon.

Ribes grossularia.

Ribes rubrum.

RIBS, number and characters of, in fowls. -characters of, in ducks.

RICE, imperial, of China. -Indian varieties of. -variety of, not requiring water.

RICHARDSON, H.D., on jaw-appendages in Irish pigs. -management of pigs in China. -occurrence of striped young in Westphalian pigs. -on crossing pigs. -on interbreeding pigs. -on selection in pigs.

RICHARDSON, Sir John, observations on the resemblance between North American dogs and wolves. -on the burrowing of wolves. -on the broad feet of dogs, wolves, and foxes in North America. -on North American horses scraping away the snow.

Ricinus, annual in England.

RIEDEL, Dr., on the "Bagadotte" pigeon. -on the Jacobin pigeon. -fertility of hybrid pigeons. -circumcision.

RILEY, on Phylloxera.

RINDERPEST.

RINTOUL, Mr., potato-grafting.

RISSO, on varieties of the orange.

RIVERS, Lord, on the selection of greyhounds.

RIVERS, Mr., persistency of characters in seedling potatoes. -on the peach. -persistency of races in the peach and nectarine. -connection between the peach and the nectarine. -persistency of character in seedling apricots. -origin of the plum. -seedling varieties of the plum. -persistency of character in seedling plums. -bud-variation in the plum. -plum attacked by bullfinches. -seedling apples with surface-roots. -variety of the apple found in a wood. -on roses. -bud-variation in roses. -production of Provence roses from seeds of the moss-rose. -effect produced by grafting on the stock in jessamine. -in the ash. -on grafted hazels. -hybridisation of a weeping thorn. -experiments with the seed of the weeping elm and ash. -variety of the cherry with curled petals.

RIVIERE, reproduction of Oncidium cavendishianum.

ROBERTS, Mr., on inheritance in the horse.

ROBERTSON, Mr., on glandular-leaved peaches.

ROBINET, on the silkworm.

Robinia.

ROBSON, Mr., deficiencies of half-bred horses.

ROBSON, Mr., on the advantage of change of soil to plants. -on the growth of the verbena. -on broccoli.

ROCK pigeon, measurements of the. -figured.

RODENTS, sterility of, in captivity.

Rodriguezia.

RODWELL, J., poisoning of horses by mildewed tares.

ROHILCUND, feral humped cattle in.

ROLLE, F., on the history of the peach.

ROLLER-PIGEONS, Dutch.

ROLLESTON, Prof., inherited effects of injuries. -incisor teeth affected in form in cases of pulmonary tubercle.

ROMANES on sternum of the fowl. -rudimentary organs.

ROMANS, estimation of pigeons by. -breeds of fowls possessed by.

ROOKS, pied.

Rosa, cultivated species of.

Rosa devoniensis, graft-hybrid produced by, on the white Banksian rose.

Rosa indica and centifolia, fertile hybrids of.

Rosa spinosissima, history of the culture of.

ROSELLINI, on Egyptian dogs.

ROSES. -origin of. -bud-variation in. -Scotch. -doubled by selection. -continuous variation of. -effect of seasonal conditions on. -noisette. -galls of.

ROSS, Dr., on Pangenesis.

ROUENNAIS, rabbit.

ROUJOU, polydactylism, and arrested development.

ROULIN, on the dogs of Juan Fernandez. -on South American cats. -striped young pigs. -feral pigs in South America. -on Columbian cattle. -effects of heat on the hides of cattle in South America. -fleece of sheep in the hot valleys of the Cordilleras. -diminished fertility of these sheep. -on black-boned South American fowls. -variation of the guinea-fowl in tropical America. -frequency of striped legs in mules. -geese in Bogota. -sterility of fowls introduced into Bolivia.

ROY, M., on a variety of Magnolia grandiflora.

ROYLE, Dr., Indian varieties of the mulberry. -on Agave vivipara. -variety of rice not requiring irrigation. -sheep from the Cape in India.

Rubus, pollen of.

RUDIMENTARY organs.

RUFZ DE LAVISON, extinction of breeds of dogs in France.

RUMINANTS, general fertility of, in captivity.

RUMPLESS fowls.

RUNTS. -history of. -lower jaws and skull figured.

RUSSELL, Lord A., spiegelcarpe.

RUSSIAN or Himalayan rabbit.

RUTIMEYER, Prof., dogs of the Neolithic period. -horses of Swiss lake-dwellings. -diversity of early domesticated horses. -pigs of the Swiss lake-dwellings. -on humped cattle. -parentage of European breeds of cattle. -on "Niata" cattle. -sheep of the Swiss lake-dwellings. -goats of the Swiss lake-dwellings. -absence of fowls in the Swiss lake-dwellings. -on crossing cattle. -differences in the bones of wild and domesticated animals. -decrease in size of wild European animals.

RYE, wild, De Candolle's observations on. -found in the Swiss lake-dwellings. -common, preferred by hares and rabbits. -less variable than other cultivated plants.

SABINE, Mr., on the cultivation of Rosa spinosissima. -on the cultivation of the dahlia. -effect of foreign pollen on the seed-vessel in Amaryllis vittata.

ST. ANGE, influence of the pelvis on the shape of the kidneys in birds.

ST. DOMINGO, wild dogs of. -bud-variation of dahlias in.

ST. HILAIRE, AUG., milk furnished by cows in South America. -husked form of maize.

ST. JOHN, C., feral cats in Scotland. -taming of wild ducks.

ST. VALERY apple, singular structure of the. -artificial fecundation of the.

ST. VITUS' Dance, period of appearance of.

SACHS, Prof., flow of sap.

SAGERET, origin and varieties of the cherry. -origin of varieties of the apple. -incapacity of the cucumber for crossing with other species. -varieties of the melon. -supposed twin-mongrel melon. -crossing melons. -on gourds. -effects of selection in enlarging fruit. -on the tendency to depart from type. -variation of plants in particular soils.

SALAMANDER, experiments on the. -regeneration of lost parts in the.

Salamandra cristata, polydactylism in.

SALISBURY, Mr., on the production of nectarines by peach-trees. -on the dahlia.

Salix, intercrossing of species of.

Salix humilis, galls of.

SALLE, feral guinea-fowl in St. Domingo.

SALMON, early breeding of male.

SALTER, Mr., on bud-variation in pelargoniums. -in the Chrysanthemum. -transmission of variegated leaves by seed. -bud-variation by suckers in Phlox. -application of selection to bud-varieties of plants. -accumulative effect of changed conditions of life. -on the variegation of strawberry leaves. -on pollen within ovules.

SALTER, S.J., hybrids of Gallus sonneratii and the common fowl. -crossing of races or species of rats.

SALVIN, habits of the jackal. -mutilation inherited in mot-mot.

SAMESREUTHER, on inheritance in cattle.

SANDFORD. See DAWKINS.

SANSON, M., origin of the horse. -lumbar vertebra of pigs.

SAP, ascent of the.

Saponaria calabrica.

SAPORTA, on Pistacia.

SARDINIA, ponies of.

SARS, on the development of the hydroida.

SATIATION of the stigma.

Saturnia pyri, sterility of, in confinement.

SAUL, on the management of prize gooseberries.

SAUVIGNY, varieties of the gold-fish.

SAVAGES, their indiscriminate use of plants as food. -fondness of, for taming animals.

SAVI, effect of foreign pollen on maize.

Saxifraga geum.

SAYZID MOHAMMED MUSARI, on carrier-pigeons. -on a pigeon which utters the sound "Yahu."

SCANDEROONS (pigeons).

SCANIA, remains of Bos frontosus found in.

SCAPULA, characters of, in rabbits. -in fowls. -in pigeons. -alteration of, by disuse, in pigeons.

SCARLET fever.

SCHAAFFHAUSEN on the horses represented in Greek statues.

SCHLEIDEN, excess of nourishment a cause of variability.

SCHMERLING, Dr., varieties of the dog found in a cave.

SCHOMBURGK, Sir R., on the dogs of Indians of Guiana. -on the musk duck. -bud-variation in the banana. -reversion of varieties of the China rose in St. Domingo. -sterility of tame parrots in Guiana. -on Dendrocygna viduata. -selection of fowls in Guiana.

SCHREIBERS, on Proteus.

SCHUTZE on the Torfschwein.

Sciuropterus volucella.

Sciurus palmarum and cinerea.

SCLATER, P.L., on Asinus taeniopus. -on Asinus indicus. -striped character of young wild pigs. -osteology of Gallinula nesiotis. -on the black-shouldered peacock. -animals breeding in Zoological Gardens. -birds breeding in Zoological Gardens. -on the breeding of birds in captivity.

SCOTCH fir, local variation of.

SCOTCH kail and cabbage, cross between.

SCOTT, JOHN, irregularities in the sex of the flowers of maize. -bud-variation in Imatophylium miniatum. -crossing of species of Verbascum. -self-sterility of Verbascum. -experiments on crossing Primulae. -reproduction of orchids. -fertility of Oncidium divaricatum. -acclimatisation of the sweet pea in India. -number of seeds in Acropera and Gongora.

SCROPE, on the Scotch deerhound.

SCUDDER, Dr., on regrowth.

SEBRIGHT, Sir John, effects of close interbreeding in dogs. -care taken by, in selection of fowls.

Secale cereale.

SEDGWICK, W., effects of crossing on the female. -on the "Porcupine man." -on hereditary diseases. -hereditary affections of the eye. -inheritance of polydactylism and anomalies of the extremities. -morbid uniformity in the same family. -on deaf-mutes. -inheritance of injury to the eye. -atavism in diseases and anomalies of structure. -non-reversion to night-blindness. -sexual limitation of the transmission of peculiarities in man. -on the effects of hard-drinking. -inherited baldness with deficiency of teeth. -occurrence of a molar tooth in place of an incisor. -diseases occurring in alternate generations.

SEDILLOT, on the removal of portions of bone.

SEEDS, early selection of. -rudimentary, in grapes. -relative position of, in the capsule.

SEEDS and buds, close analogies of.

SEEMANN, B., crossing of the wolf and Esquimaux dogs.

SEGREGATION of characters.

SELBY, P.J., on the bud-destroying habits of the bullfinch.

SELECTION. -methodical. -by the ancients and semi-civilised people. -of trifling characters. -unconscious. -effects of, shown by differences in most valued parts. -produced by accumulation of variability. -natural, as affecting domestic productions. -as the origin of species, genera, and other groups. -circumstances favourable to. -tendency of, towards extremes. -possible limit of. -influence of time on. -summary of subject. -effects of, in modifying breeds of cattle. -in preserving the purity of breeds of sheep. -in producing varieties of pigeons. -in breeding fowls. -in the goose. -in the canary. -in the gold-fish. -in the silkworm. -contrasted in cabbages and cereals. -in white mulberry. -on gooseberries. -applied to wheat. -exemplified in carrots, etc. -in potato. -in the melon. -in flowering plants. -in the hyacinth. -applied to bud-varieties of plants. -illustrations of.

SELECTION, sexual.

SELF-IMPOTENCE in plants. -in individual plants. -of hybrids.

SELWYN, Mr., on the Dingo.

SELYS-LONGCHAMPS, on hybrid ducks. -hybrid of the hook-billed duck and Egyptian goose.

SERINGE, on the St. Valery apple.