The Taking of Louisburg, 1745

INDEX

Reading edition

Acadia (Nova Scotia), Louisburg designed to protect, 29.

Acadians, refuse to emigrate, 34;

and refuse to become British subjects, 35;

why called Neutrals, 36;

desire to remove elsewhere, 36.

Aix-la-Chapelle, Peace of, 127.

Annapolis, N. S., attempted capture of, 43;

attack on, frustrated, note 100.

Auchmuty, Robert, proposes the taking of Louisburg, note 58.

Boston, defenceless condition of, 11.

Bradstreet, Colonel John, at Louisburg, 70.

Brooks, Captain, killed at Louisburg, 113.

Canada, the key to, 12;

its political and economic weaknesses, 24 et seq.;

compared with the English colonies, 25;

the fur monopoly, 26;

scheme for building up the colony, 28.

Canso, seized from Louisburg, 43, note 45;

prisoners taken there prove useful, 49;

army rendezvous at, 69;

environs of, 76;

works thrown up at, 77.

Cape Breton Island, face of the country, 16;

mountains of, 17;

Gabarus Bay, 23;

first suggestions of its importance to Canada, 28;

natural products of, 29;

advantageous situation as a port of delivery and supply, 29;

left to Canada by stupid diplomacy, 30;

its chief harbors, 31;

the Bras d’Or, 31;

called Ile Royale, 32;

plan for getting colonists, 33, 34;

strategic points on the straits, 76;

ice blockade of, 77;

restored to France, 127.

Cape Breton Coast, approach to, 14;

blockaded by ice, 77.

Circular battery of Louisburg, its design, 93;

silenced, 116.

Coffin, Moses, of Newbury, Mass., anecdote of, 104.

Connecticut in Louisburg expedition, 57;

her forces join Pepperell, 78.

Dauphin Bastion, of Louisburg, 93;

destructive fire upon, 110.

De Costebello, at Louisburg, 33.

De Saxe, Marshal, defeats the English, 41.

Duchambon, commander of Louisburg, 84;

recalls a detachment, 95;

refuses to surrender, 96;

changes his mind, 117;

and opens a treaty, 118.

Dwight, Joseph, at Louisburg, 66 and note 71.

English Harbor (Louisburg), 31.

Expeditionary Army, its composition, 66;

and equipment, 67, 68;

favoring conditions, 68;

sets sail for Louisburg, 69;

at Canso, 69;

council of war, 75;

sails for Louisburg, 80;

lands at Gabarus Bay, 84;

134

not backed up by the navy, 90;

transportation of artillery to the front, 94;

it tells on the men, 95;

the camp and camp life, 101 et seq.

Flat Point Cove, our army camps at, 85.

Fontenoy, English defeated at, 41.

Franklin, Benjamin, has no faith in Louisburg expedition, 57.

Gabarus Bay, the back door to Louisburg, 23;

Pepperell lands at, 80, 81.

Gibson, James, volunteers for Louisburg, 63, note 70.

Green Hill, Louisburg shelled from, 95.

Gridley, Richard, engineer at Louisburg, 66;

an apt scholar, 105, note 125.

Hale, Robert, at Louisburg, note 71.

Hodges, Joseph, at Louisburg, note 72.

Hutchinson, Thomas, gives casting vote for attacking Louisburg, 55.

Island Battery, situation of, 15;

its value to the besieged, 93 and note 100;

disastrous attack upon, 112, 113;

its fire silenced, 116;

in our hands, 119.

Ile Royale, see Cape Breton, 32.

Isle Madame, or Arichat, 76.

Lighthouse Point, 14;

is seized and fortified, 109.

Louisburg, the approach to, 14;

the harbor, 15;

old city, 15;

old fortifications perambulated, 17;

hills back of, 17;

natural defences of, 18;

demolition of the works, 19;

and present state of, 19;

Citadel, 20;

natural obstacles to surmount, 21;

bomb-proofs, 21;

impregnable from sea, 21;

graveyard and its inmates, 22;

135

Royal Battery, 23;

reasons why the fortress was erected, 24 et seq.;

to be a great mart, 28;

to help Acadia, 29;

called English Harbor, 31;

chosen for a fortress, 32;

why called Louisburg, 32;

operations begun, 33;

prisoners shipped to, from France, 37;

strength and cost of the fortress, 38 and note 45;

could be defended by women, 39;

its armament, 39;

garrison sallies out upon Nova Scotia, 44;

its fall the salvation of New England, 47;

schemes for its capture, 50;

its garrison mutinies, 51;

forces being raised against it, 56, 57;

early suggestions for its conquest, note 58;

is blockaded, 73;

is invested, 89;

its defences as related to the siege, 93;

progress of siege operations, 95 et seq.;

summoned to surrender, 96;

breaching batteries, 106;

progress of siege, 109;

a relieving vessel gets in, 110;

capture of the Vigilant, 110;

stratagem tried, 115;

its success, 115; a general bombardment, 116;

a suspension of arms, 118;

the surrender, 123;

the garrison, 123, 124;

importance to Great Britain as a political make-weight, 126 et seq.;

restored to France, 127;

many-sided importance of the conquest to the colonies, 128, 129;

disgust in the colonies at its restoration, 129;

cost of the campaign, note 131;

rejoicings, note 131.

Meserve, Lieutenant-Colonel, his services at Louisburg, 94.

Micmacs of Cape Breton, 37.

Mira River, settlements on, 16.

Moody, Rev. Samuel, his pithy prayer, 124.

Moore, Samuel, at Louisburg, note 72.

Moulton, Jeremiah, at Louisburg, note 71;

destroys St. Peter’s, 96.

136

Newcastle, Duke of, anecdote of, 44.

New England alarmed by the creation of Louisburg, 39;

dreads the beginning of war, 42;

war is declared, 43;

menace to her commerce and fisheries, 46, 47;

aroused to take Louisburg, 54, 55;

extraordinary war measures in, 56, 57;

quality of expeditionary army, 62, 63;

enthusiasm in enlisting, 64;

reimbursed for her expenses, note 131.

Newfoundland, French removed from, 33.

New Hampshire contingent, 69; note 72.

New Jersey in Louisburg expedition, 57.

New York contributes to Louisburg expedition, 57.

Nixon, John, note 125.

Nova Scotia (Acadia) turned over to England, 30;

invaded, 43;

relieved, 95.

Pennsylvania in Louisburg expedition, 57.

Pepperell, William, chosen to command, 60;

his qualifications, 61, 62;

impetus given by him to the project, 63, 64;

his regiment, note 70;

hampered by instructions, 75;

finds Louisburg blocked up by ice, 77;

hails Warren’s arrival with joy, 78;

confident of driving the enemy from Cape Breton, 79;

finds Shirley’s plan impracticable, 83;

finds his task greater than he had supposed, 90;

his advances against the city properly made, 93;

is goaded into attacking the Island Battery, 112;

pushes forward preparations for a general assault, 116;

grants an armistice, 118;

his conduct contrasted with Warren’s, 119;

made a baronet, 130.

Pitts, Ebenezer, at Louisburg, note 71.

137

Pomeroy, Major Seth, at Louisburg, 89;

his record, note 100.

Quebec, as the bulwark of Canada, 11.

Raudots, father and son, their scheme for putting new life into Canada, 26;

it proposes a great naval mart at Cape Breton, 28.

Rhode Island in Louisburg expedition, 56.

Richmond, Sylvester, at Louisburg, note 71.

Royal Battery, situation and importance of, 23;

taken, 86;

attempt to retake it, 87;

its importance to Americans, 88.

Ryal, Captain, sent to England, 41.

St. Anne, described, 31.

Saint Ovide, at Louisburg, 35.

St. Peter’s, destruction of, determined on, 76;

is effected, 96.

Seacoast defences of Mexico, Cuba, etc., 9;

of the English colonies, 10, 11;

of Canada, 11.

Shirley, Gov. William, saves Annapolis, 43;

notifies ministry, 44;

writes Commodore Warren, 44;

grasps the situation, 48;

his personal traits, 48, 49;

determines to take Louisburg, 50;

applies to legislature, 52;

meets defeat, 53;

arouses public sentiment, 54;

carries his point, 55;

sets to work, 56;

hears from Warren, 69;

attempts to order plan of attack, 73, 74.

Straits of Canso, 31.

Tournay, invested, 41.

Tufts, William, his bravery, 113.

Tyng, Commodore Edward, commands colonial fleet, 67; note 72.

Utrecht, how the Peace of, affects the colonies, 30.

138

Vaughan, William, who he was and what he did, 49, 50; note 58;

volunteers for Louisburg, 63;

leads a scouting party, 85;

and takes Royal Battery, 86.

Vigilant, French war-ship, taken, 110.

Waldo, Samuel, at Louisburg, 67 and note 71;

occupies Royal Battery, and fires first shot, 89.

War of the Austrian Succession, its policy outlined, 40;

produces war between England and France, 41;

139

hostilities begin at Nova Scotia, 44.

Warren, Commodore Peter, orders sent to, 44;

arrives at Canso and proceeds off Louisburg, 78;

takes the Vigilant, 110;

is re-enforced, 111;

his plan for taking the city, 111;

agrees to a general attack, 116;

he ignores Pepperell, 119;

made an admiral, 130.

Whitefield, Rev. George, 62;

writes a motto for the flag, 65.

Wolcott, Gen. Roger, 67 and note 71.