Part 5 — INDEX
Reading edition
The roman numbers refer to the pages, and italicised numbers to the figures
A
Absorption by roots, 33, 21, 22
Adventitious roots, 56, 40, 57, 41
Alcohol, 24
Algæ, 141
Algæ in ditches, 151
Algæ in the sea, 143, 134, 173
Ampelopsis, 108, 105
Animals eaten by plants, 114
Animals, life of, 3, 7
Anther, 80, 81
Assimilation (see Food building)
Associations of plants, 152, 189
Axil of leaf, 75, 66
B
Bacteria, 144
Bean seeds, 8, 3, 9, 4
Bean seedlings, 10, 6, 11, 7
Bean seedlings grown in dark, 38, 27
Bean seedlings, growth of, 41, 28
Beech leaf, 65
Bees and flowers, 119
Bidens, fruits of, 90, 87
Bilberry, 154
Bladderwort, 116, 113, 114
Bladderwrack, 144, 135, 173, Pl. VII.
Bog-land, 156
Bracken fern, 133, Pl. I.
Bramble, 63, 49
Bread, starch in, 11
Breathing of animals, 6, 2
Breathing of plants, 5, 1, 96
Breathing pores, 96, 96
Broom, 62
Broomrape, 113, 109
Buds, 72
Buds of fern, 134, 127
Buds of horse chestnut, 72, 62, 63
Buds, overlapping scales of, 73, 63, 64
Bud scales, 74, 65
Bud scars, 75, 66
Buds of sycamore, 75, 66
Buds, unfolding of, 72, 62
Bulbs, 77, 68
Bulrushes, 151, 138
Bulrushes, rhizome of, 161, 143
Bur, fruit of, 90, 86
Buttercup, flower of, 82, 76
Buttercup, water-, 159, 141
Butterwort, 115, 112
C
Cactus, 2, 62, 48, 99
Calcium phosphate, 15
Calcium sulphate, 15
Calyx, 79, 70
Canadian water-plant, 21, 13
Capsule of moss, 139, 131
Capsule of poppy, 89, 85
Carbon, 19, 23
Carbonic acid gas, 6, 19, 24, 27
Carex, 166, 146
Carpel, 82, 76, 77, 78
Carrot, 55, 38
Caustic potash, 20, 12
Cells, 92, 91
Cherry flower, 82, 78
Cherry fruit, 88, 82
Cherry leaf, 64, 50
Cherry leaf arrangement, 69, 58
Cherry stipules, 64, 50
Chlorophyll, 17, 24, 27
Circulation of water, 28
Climbing plants, 104
Climbing assisted by roots, 106, 101
Climbing by tendrils, 107, 104, 108, 105
Climbing by twining stem, 106, 102, 107, 103
Clover attacked by dodder, 110, 106, 107
Club-moss, 137
Coal, 153, 178
Collecting, 194
Colour of petals, 80
Cones of pine, 127, 128, 123
“Control plant,” 16
Convolvulus, twining of, 106, 102
Cork, 95
Cornflower, 121, 122
Cotyledons of bean, 9, 4
Cotyledons of pine, 129, 130, 126
Cotyledons of rose, 66, 54
Cow-wheat, 113
D
Dahlia, roots of, 56, 39
Daisy, flower of, 121, 121
Dandelion, fruit of, 88, 83
Darkness, effect on growth of, 38, 27
Dead nettle, 68, 56, 149, 137
Deserts, 100
Dicotyledons, 126
Distilled water, 15
Ditches, 150
Dodder, 110, 106, 107
Downs, 183
Duckweed, 151, 139, 161
Drowning, of trees, 185, 154, 155
E
Elder tree, twig of, 96, 96
Elodea, 21, 13
Embryo, 9
Excursions, 194
Eyebright, 113
F
Ferns, bud of, 134, 127
Ferns, family of, 133
Ferns, fossil, 179, 152, 181
Ferns, prothallium of, 135, 129
Ferns, spore-cases of, 135, 128
Ferns, “sporeling” of, 136
Flowers, 78
Flowers in relation to insects, 118
Flowering family, 125
Food-building in leaves, 23
Food materials, 14, 18
Food solutions, 15
Fossils, 179, 151
Fossils, tree, 180, 153
Foxglove flower, 119, 117
Foxglove in hedges, 146, Pl. IV.
Fruits, 86
Fucus, (see also Bladderwrack), 173, Pl. VII.
Fungi, 109
Fungi, spores of, 143
Fungi, structure of, 142, 133
G
Goose-grass, leaves of, 69, 60
Goose-grass, fruit of, 90, 87
Gorse, 102, 99
Gorse, flowers of, 119, 119
Grass, leaves of 66
Grass, roots of, 54, 37
Gravitation, 44
Growth, 40
Growth, direction of, 41, 29, 43, 30
Growth, region of, 40, 28
H
Hairs, 96
Harebell, 78, 69
Heather, 154
Hedges, 147, Pl. IV.
Holly, 54, 36
Honeysuckle, leaves of, 68, 57
Hop, 106
Horse chestnut, buds of, 72, 62
Horsetail, leaves of, 69, 59
Horsetail, family of, 137
I
Indiarubber tree, leaves of, 31, 20
Insects and flowers, 83
Iodine, 11
Iron chloride, 16
Iron, importance of, 17
Ivy, adventitious roots of, 56, 40
Ivy, climbing of, 106, 101
Ivy as host plant, 112, 109
Ivy, leaves of, 65
Ivy, position of leaves of, 37, 26
L
Lake or pond-maps, 193
Lamina of leaf, 64, 50
Laminarias, 175, 149
Larch, branching of, 59, 44
Larch, family of, 127
Larch, seed-scales of, 128, 124
Larch, tufts of leaves of, 76, 67
Leaves, 64
Leaves, arrangement as regards light, 36, 25, 37, 26
Leaves, arrangement on stem, 68
Leaves, compound, 65, 51
Leaves, form of, 64, 50
Leaves, “Mosaic,” 37
Leaves, no growth without CO2, 20
Leaves, simple, 64, 50
Leaves, veins of, 67, 55
Lenticels of, 96, 96
Life, signs of, 4
Light, 35
Light from one side, 35, 23, 36, 24
Light, influence on position of leaves, 36, 24, 25
Light, influence on size of leaves, 38, 27
Light, influence of, in formation of starch in leaves, 24
Lime-tree, stem of, 94, 95
Lime-water, 6, 2, 20, 12
Linear leaves, 66
Liverworts, 140, 132
Louse-wort, 113
M
Magnesium sulphate, 15
Maize, seeds of, 10, 5
Maize, seedlings of, 10, 5, 13, 8
Maps of plants, 188
Marram grass (see Sandgrass), 166, 145
Mistletoe, 112, 108
Monkshood, 119, 118
Monocotyledons, 126
Moorland, 153, 140, 184
Moss, 138, 130
Moss in bogs, 156
Moss, capsule of, 139, 131
Moss, spores of, 140
Movement caused by light, 36, 24
Movement of minute plants, 48
Movement of sensitive plants, 46, 33, 34, 35
Movement of plants in sleep, 46, 32
Movement of tendrils, 45, 31
N
Nasturtium, movement of leaves, 36, 24
Nasturtium, shape of leaves, 65, 52
Nasturtium, twining of petioles, 106, 103
Needle leaves, 66, 53
Nepenthes, 117, 115
Nitrogen, 19
Nucleus of cells, 92, 91
Nurse leaves (see Cotyledons)
O
Oak, branching of, 59, 43
Orchid, roots of, 57, 41
Ovate leaves, 65
Oxygen, 19, 21, 13, 22
P
Palm, 57, 42
Palmate leaves, 66
Parasites, 109
Pea-flowers, 86, 80
Pea-fruits, 87, 81
Pea-pod (see Pod)
Pea-tendrils on leaf, 107, 104
Pea-tendrils, movement of, 45, 31
Peat, 155, 179
Peltate leaves, 65, 52
Petals, 80, 121, 121, 122
Petiole, 64, 50
Petiole, twining of, 107, 103
Physical geography, 182
Pine-cones, 128, 123
Pine-family, 127
Pine-leaf, 66, 53
Pine-seeds, 129, 125
Pine-seedlings, 129, 126
Pitcher plants, 117, 115
Plantation of trees, 155
Pod of pea, 87, 81
Pollen, 81, 120, 127
Pollination, 83, 118
Pollination, arrangements to ensure cross-, 120, 120
Pond-maps, see Lake
Ponds, 159, Pl. V. 185, 154, 155
Poppy, Pl. II.
Poppy capsule, 89, 85
Pores giving off water vapour, 31
Pores in stems, 96
Potassium iodide, 11
Potassium nitrate, 15
Potato, starch in, 11
Potato, underground stem of, 61, 47
Primrose flower, 80, 72, 84, 79, 120, 120
Prothallium, 135, 129, 139
R
Receptacle of flower, 82, 76, 78
Reeds, 162, 144
Rhizome, 61, 46, 161, 143
Rice, starch in, 11
Roots, adventitious, 56, 40, 57, 41
Roots, entrance of water into, 33, 21, 22
Roots, forms of, 54
Root-hairs, 13, 8, 15, 9
Root pressure, 34
Roots of seedlings, 9
Roots, stilt-, 57, 42
Roots, storage in, 55, 38, 56, 39
Roots, uses of, 53
Rose, flowers of, 79, 70, 71, 118, 116
Rose-leaf, 65, 51
Rose-seedling, 66, 54
Runners of strawberries, 63
Rushes, 162, 144
S
Salts, 14, 17, 27
Sandgrass (see Marram), 102, 100, 165, 145
Sea, 174
Sea holly, 168, 147
Seaweeds, 143, 134, 135, 173
Seaweeds, colour in, 176
Section of pond, 192, 154
Section of stems, 93, 92
Seedlings, bean, 10, 6, 40, 28, 29
Seedlings, grass, 35, 23
Seedlings, maize, 10, 5, 13, 8
Seedlings, pine, 129, 126
Seedlings, rose, 66, 54
Seeds, 86, 125
Seeds, bean, 8, 3, 9, 4, 10, 6, 91, 89
Seeds, dodder, 111
Seeds, larch, 128, 124
Seeds, maize, 9, 5, 91, 90
Seeds, mistletoe, 112
Seeds, pine, 129, 125
Sensitive Plant, 47, 33, 34, 35
Sepals, 78, 69
Shore, 165, Pl. VI., 176, 150
Skin of leaf, 95
Skin of seed, 9, 3
Sleep of plants, 46, 32
Sodium chloride, 15
Solomon’s Seal, 61, 46
Speedwell, 80, 73
Spines of cactus, 62, 99, 97
Spines of gorse, 102, 99
Spores, 135, 139, 140, 142
Stamens, 80, 72, 73, 81, 74
Starch, 11, 12, 21, 23
Starch formed in leaves by sunlight, 24
Starch stained by iodine, 11
Starch stored underground, 26
Stellaria, 59, 45
Stems, 58
Stems bending again to earth, 63, 49
Stems, branching of, 59
Stems, breathing pores in, 94, 96, 96
Stems, fleshy, 62, 48
Stems, sections of, 93, 92
Stems, twining, 106, 102, 110, 106
Stems, underground, 61, 46, 47
Stigma, 83
Stipules, 64, 50, 51
Stone-crop, 102, 98
Strawberry fruit, 90, 88
Strawberry runners, 63
Sundew, 114, 110, 115, 111
Sunflower, 1, 2
Sunflower stem, 94, 93, 94
Sunlight, oxygen given off in, 21, 13
Sunlight helps to form starch in leaves, 25
Sweet pea flower, 86, 80
Sweet pea fruit, 87, 81
Sweet pea leaf and tendrils, 45, 31, 70, 61
Sweet pea seed, 87, 81
Sycamore, buds of, 75, 66
T
Tendrils, movement of, 45, 31
Tendrils part of leaf, 70, 71
Tendrils assist climbing, 107, 104, 108, 105
Tissues, 93
Toadflax, 148, 136
Toadstool, 142, 133
Transpiration, 31
Traveller’s Joy, 147
Tree ferns, 133, Pl. III.
Tubers, 61, 47
Tulip bulb, 77, 68
Tulip carpels, 82, 77
Tulip flower, 81, 75
Tulip stamens, 81, 74
V
Variegated leaves, 26, 16
Veins of leaf, 67, 55, 95
Vine, 33
Violet, 84, 79, 119, 118
W
Water, 12, 13
Water, circulation of, in plant, 28, 34
Water, entry into plant by roots, 33, 21, 22
Water given off by leaves, 28, 17, 30, 18, 19, 20
Water, protection against loss of, 99
Water stream in plants, 28, 34
Water vapour, 28, 17, 31
Water buttercup, 159, 141
Water-lily leaves, 160
Water-lily, section of stem of, 93, 92
“Water-pipe” cells, 94, 97
Whorls of leaves, 69, 59
Whortleberry, 62
Willow herb, 89, 84
Wind, 154
Wood-sorrel, sleep of, 46, 32
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS
THEIR FORMS, GROWTH, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
FROM THE GERMAN OF THE LATE ANTON KERNER VON MARILAUN Professor of Botany in the University of Vienna
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