Front matter

Every wave of revolution in Petrograd broke over the cobbles of the great Winter Palace Square—The Dvortsovaya

THE RED HEART OF RUSSIA

BY

BESSIE BEATTY War Correspondent of San Francisco Bulletin

ILLUSTRATED BY PHOTOGRAPHS

NEW YORK THE CENTURY CO. 1918

Copyright, 1918, by The Century Co.

Published, October, 1918

TO FOUR WHO SAW THE SUNRISE

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I Three Good Samaritans 3

II Diplomats—Official and Otherwise 26

III Irreconcilable Bed-Fellows 46

IV Specks on the Horizon 65

V The Battalion of Death 90

VI In the Hollow of Their Hand 115

VII Old Rivers and New Doctrines 132

VIII The Man on Horseback 146

IX The Centrabalt Makes an Exception 164

X The Rise of the Proletariat 178

XI The Fall of the Winter Palace 201

XII The Day of Shame 225

XIII The Grave of Hope 244

XIV Mother Moscow Weeps 259

XV Blasting at the Established Order 271

XVI In Place of the Guillotine 292

XVII The Great Gray Wolf 312

XVIII Tsars and Peasants 335

XIX Women in the Revolution 357

XX Revolution Takes a Holiday 386

XXI On the Rocks of Uncompromise 407

XXII The Intelligentzia Objects 430

XXIII The Great Betrayal 446

A Message to Mars 475

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Every wave of revolution in Petrograd broke over the cobbles of the great Winter Palace Square—The Dvortsovaya Frontispiece

FACING PAGE

Around the statue of Alexander III, symbol of old Russia, the talking multitudes surged 32

First Soviet of Workmen’s and Soldiers’ and Deputies 32

Alexander Kerensky in the study of the Tzar 33

The great stucco Winter Palace in which the American guests were housed 33

Bessie Beatty in the “dark forests at the front” 80

A soldiers’ shrine behind the lines 80

Lake Narach—a part of No Man’s Land 80

Captured barbed wire entanglement—Peter at the left 80

Blessing of the banners of the Battalion of Death 81

The Woman’s Regiment on review before its departure for the trenches 81

Lining up for soup and kasha 112

Women soldiers at rest between drills 112

The crowd hugs the Nevsky to get out of range of the machine guns in the July riots 113

The Cossacks bury their dead 113

A typical street scene in the Volga river towns 136

Barges of wood on the Neva 137

The Volga—the great highway of Russia from Petrograd to the Caspian Sea 144

To Zizhni Novgorod, where the Oka and the Volga rivers meet, the commerce of the world comes flowing 145

Korniloff, his staff and Cossack bodyguard from the “Wild Division” 172

Bicycle troops to the rescue of Kerensky 172

Baltic sailors’ bayonets speak for the Soviet 173

A dining room in the Matrosski Klub (Sailors’ Club), Helsingfors 173

The proclamation of the Military Revolutionary Committee announcing the fall of the Kerensky government 208

Women soldiers in their last stand before the Winter Palace 209

The pass which permitted the author safe conduct through the Bolshevist lines 209

The Winter Palace from the Red Arch 240

Russian soldiers at home in the Palace of a Grand Duke 240

Soldiers and factory workers took the place of striking telephone operators 241

Red Guards on duty before Trotzky’s door 241

The Minister of Rumania and his staff just before his incarceration in the Fortress of Peter and Paul 256

Old Ivan Veliki high up in the heavens faithfully thundered the hours above the citadel of church and state 257

Mother Moscow sat serene amid the domes of her churches 272

After the Moscow battle 273

The Grave of the Brotherhood beside the old Kremlin wall 273

Marie Spiridonova 288

Lunarcharsky 288

Leon Trotzky 288

Nikolai Lenin 288

Krylenko 288

Alexandria Kolontai 288

Kamineff 288

Yesterday and to-day on the Marsovaya Pola Priests with lifted ikons and gorgeous robes and Red Guards with bayonets and crimson banners 289

A peasant milkman and his customers. Milk was sold only on card to mothers with babies and for invalids 320

In open-air bazars where there is little to sell but many to buy, Russia does her marketing 321

Under the thatched roofs in villages like this, one hundred and twenty million Russian peasants make their home 352

Katherine Breshkovskaya and her two aged comrades, Lazareff and Nicholas Tchaikowsky with her American friends, Col. Wm. B. Thompson and Col. Raymond Robins 353

Soldiers’ wives on the Nevsky demonstrating for increased allowance 353

It was a dangerous partnership, for when the state fell the church tottered also 400

New Russia votes for the Constituent Assembly 401

Young Russia makes revolutionary demonstration at school 401

Meeting in the library of the Tauride Palace December 11 where in defiance of the People’s Commissaries the Constituent Assembly was declared open 448

The Constituent Assembly as it finally convened in the Tauride Palace January 18 448

The Russian delegation arrives at Brest-Litovsk 449

The photographs copyrighted by Orrin S. Wightman are published through the courtesy of Colonel W. B. Thompson of the Red Cross Mission to Russia.

THE RED HEART OF RUSSIA