CONTENTS
Reading edition
PAGE
EVOLUTION. By Alfred Russel Wallace, LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S 3
CHEMISTRY. By Prof. William Ramsay, Ph.D., F.R.S., F.C.S., Officer of the Legion of Honor 33
ARCHÆOLOGY. By Prof. William Matthew Flinders-Petrie, D.C.L., LL.D., Edwards Professor of Egyptology, University College, London 73
ASTRONOMY. By Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer, C.B., F.R.S., Director of Solar Physics Observatory, South Kensington 105
PHILOSOPHY. By Edward Caird, LL.D., D.C.L., Professor of Moral Philosophy, Glasgow 145
MEDICINE. By William Osler, LL.D., Professor of Medicine and Physician to Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medical School 173
SURGERY. By W. W. Keen, M.D., LL.D., F.R.C.S. (Hon.), Professor of the Principles of Surgery and of Clinical Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia 217
ELECTRICITY. By Prof. Elihu Thomson, A.M., Ph.D., Chevalier and Officer of the Legion of Honor 265
PHYSICS. By President Thomas Corwin Mendenhall, Ph.D., D.Sc., LL.D., Member National Academy of Science 303
WAR. By the Right Hon. Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke, LL.M. 333
NAVAL SHIPS. By Captain Alfred T. Mahan, late U.S.N., D.C.L., LL.D. 355
LITERATURE. By Andrew Lang, Hon. Fellow Merton College, Oxford 389
ENGINEERING. By Thomas C. Clarke. Past President of the American Society of Civil Engineers 421
RELIGION:
Catholicism. By Cardinal James Gibbons 455
Protestantism. By Rev. Alexander V. G. Allen, Professor of Church History in the Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge, Mass. 477
The Jews and Judaism. By Professor Richard J. H. Gottheil 498
Free-Thought. By Professor Goldwin Smith 539