Note 2 — Chapter V · Insurgent Rule and the Wilcox-Sargent Report

“Absolute master of all Luzon outside Manila at this time, with complete machinery of government in each province for all matters of justice, taxes, and police, an army of some 30,000 men at his beck, and his whole people a unit at his back, Aguinaldo formally inaugurated his permanent government—permanent as opposed to the previous provisional government—with a Constitution, Congress, and Cabinet, patterned after our own,2 just as the South American republics had done before him when they were freed from Spain, at Malolos, the new capital.”