INDEX

Administration of Justice by International Courts, difficulties of, 62; maintenance of tradition of, 67; permanent institution for the, 61.

Aims of the League of Nations defined, 23, 28, 35-36.

Article 8 of the Hague Convention concerning the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, 70.

Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 45-55; controversy respecting interpretation of, 45; correspondence respecting, with Foreign Office, 48-55.

Autocratic Government, 11.

Belgium, 37, 66.

Bodin, 76.

Bonfils on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 49.

Bordwell on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

British Empire, 13, 20.

Bryan Peace Treaties, 71.

Bryce, Lord, scheme of, 36.

Central Powers, the, are they to become members of the League of Nations? 17, 36; necessity for utter defeat of, 15, 37.

Colonies, wars for the acquisition of, 10.

Complex cases of dispute, how to settle, 68.

Congress of Vienna, 30, 42.

Constitutional Government, 10, 11; necessity for, 19.

Court of Appeal, International, 66, 67, 69; manning of, 64.

Court of Arbitration, establishment of International, 61.

Court of First Instance, International, 64; manning of, 66.

Crucée, Emeric, 9.

Davis, General, on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 51.

Democracy, 10, 11.

Dickinson, scheme of Sir Willoughby, 36.

Disarmament, 21, 74.

Dubois, Pierre, 8.

Dynastic wars, 10.

Engagements of the members of the League of Nations, security for fulfilment of, 79.

Equality, of States, 33, 39; of the votes at Hague Peace Conferences, 38.

Family, the, a product of natural development, 10.

Family of Nations, political hegemony of the Great Powers within the, 31.

Federal World State, A, 18-20; demanded by Pacifists, 31; why not possible, 19.

Foreign Office, letter of, to Professor Oppenheim concerning Article 23(h), 52-55.

German Confederation, civil war within the, 32.

German Weissbuch on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 51, 54, 55.

Germany, is she to become a member of the League of Nations? 17, 36; necessity for the utter defeat of, 15, 37.

Great Powers, 30, 66; power and influence of the, 29-31.

Greece, city States of ancient, 7.

Gregory on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

Grey, Earl, 5, 52, 53, 55.

Grotians, the School of, 62.

Grotius, Hugo, 9.

Hague Convention concerning the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, Article 8 of, 70.

Hague Peace Conferences, 34; method of legislating by, 45; the work of, obstructed by some States, 38; standing council of, proposed, 39; starting point of organisation of League of Nations by, 36, 39; votes of States of equal value at, 38.

Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, controversy respecting interpretation of Article 23(h) of, 45.

Henry IV of France, 9, 78.

Holland, Professor, on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

Independence of States, what it is, 33, 77.

International Army and Navy, why impossible, 6, 18, 20-22, 41.

International Case Law, 64.

International Council of Conciliation, 28, 40, 69; scheme for the establishment of, 72-74; starting points for, 70.

International Court of Appeal, 66, 67; a necessity, 63; manning of, 64.

International Court of First Instance, 64; manning of proposed bench to serve as, 64.

International Court of Justice, 18, 28, 65-68; manning of, 65; proposed permanent bench of, 65, 66; proposed special benches of, for different cases, 66.

International Courts, claims of all States in manning of, 64; difficulties of manning of, 65; precedents of, 64.

International Executive, why impossible, 19, 41.

International Government, why impossible, 19.

International Law, a book law at present, 43; and League of Nations interdependent, 6, 33; complied with often without Courts, 60; grew by custom during Middle Ages, 8; not in being in antiquity, 6; progress of, 33, 35, 38; universal and general, difference between, 44.

International Legislation, 38, 41-48; a by-product only in the past, 42; difficulties of, created by conflicting interests of States, 44; difficulties of, created by different methods of interpretation and construction, 45; difficulties of, created by the fact that a majority vote cannot create a statute, 44; difficulties of, created by the language question, 43; meaning of the term, 41; possible even without International Courts, 42, 60; possible only by agreement of all the States, 42; wide field open for, 43.

International Statutes, cannot be created by majority vote, 44; interpretation and construction of, 45; what are? 42.

Internationalism, growth of, 12.

Law-making treaties, what are? 42.

'La France vaut bien une messe,' 78.

League of Nations, 3, 8; aims defined, 23, 28, 35-36; and International Law interdependent, 6; career in a sense started already, 8, 16; conception of, very old, 6; demand for, universal, 11; impossibility of state-like organisation of, 36; no unanimity concerning its aims or organisation, 18; organisation of, demanded, 31; problems connected with, 24, 28; seven principles of, which ought to be adopted, 39-41; so-called, but League of States is meant, 13; starting point of organisation of, 33, 36, 39; constitution sui generis of, a necessity, 22, 33; what is new in the now desired, 11; when it would be an organised community, 11, 34.

Marini, Antoine, 8.

Mediation, International. See International Council of Conciliation.

Militarism, conception of, 15; Prussian, 16.

Nation, the, a product of historical development, 10, 14; conception of, 13, 14; not to be confounded with race, 13-14.

Nations, not to be confounded with States, 13, 14.

Nationality, principle of, 14, 32.

'Natura non facit saltus,' 5.

Naturalists, the School of, 62.

Oppenheim, letter of Foreign Office concerning Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations to Professor, 52-55.

Pacifists, 31.

Parliament, International, why impossible, 18, 19.

Permanent Court of Arbitration, International, 34; establishment of, by the First Peace Conference, 61.

Permanent International Commissions of the Bryan Peace Treaties, 71.

Podiebrad, 8.

Police, International, 6, 41.

Politis on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 49, 55.

Porter v. Freundenberg, case of, 47.

Positivists, the School of, 62.

Precedents of International Courts, 66.

Principle of Nationality, 14, 32.

Prize Court, International, proposed by Second Peace Conference, 34.

Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? 21.

Race, a product of natural development, 10; not to be confounded with Nation, 13, 14.

Rebus sic stantibus, proposal for dealing with the clause, 69.

Religion, wars of, 10.

Sovereignty, conception of, 75; not surrendered by entrance into the League of Nations, 74, 75, 78.

State, ideal of the national, 14.

States of the World, the 25 Allied belligerent and the 17 neutral, 16-17.

Statutes, difference between International and Municipal, 42.

Sully, 9.

Swiss Confederation, civil war within the, 32.

Switzerland, 13.

Taft, Ex-President, 5.

Transoceanic States, entrance into League of Nations of, 38.

Tribe, the, a product of natural development, 10.

Ubi societas ibi jus, 8.

Ullmann, on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

United States, civil war in the, 32.

Vienna Congress, the, 30, 42.

Votes, equality of, at Hague Peace Conferences, 38.

Wars for national unity, 10.

Wehberg on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

Whewell, Dr., 4.

Whittuck on Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare, 50.

Wilson, President, 5.

World Federation, a demand of Pacifists, 31.

AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE, BALLANTYNE AND CO. LTD. COLCHESTER, LONDON AND ETON, ENGLAND

Transcriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected without note. Variant spellings have been retained. Hyphenation has been standardised.