INDEX

Aahmes I., 2

Acheans, the, 15-17, 20, 72

Achilles, 12, 15, 49, 99

Acropolis of Mycenæ, the, 6

Admiral Guarinos and “Trebizond,” 93

Æthe, 9

Agamemnon's mare, 9

Ailments of horses, 146, 213, 214, 221

Alcibiades, 25

Alexander the Great, 54-61

Aligero Clavileno, 133

America, cruelty unknown in, 105;

introduction of thoroughbreds in, 287

Arab horses, a royal gift, 76;

arrival of Markham Arabian, 203, 204;

commencement of fame, 77;

dams, 100;

in the sixth century, 82;

size of, 244;

stallions, 76, 203, 264;

unimportant before time of Mahomet, 87

Arabs, the, 48, 281

Archangel Gabriel, the horse of the, 87

Armenia, 31

Armour, 44, 112, 134, 140, 225, 234

Ascot, 270

Asia Minor, 14, 17

Assyrians, 9, 19-20

Athenians, the, 24, 46, 51

Automobiles, 183, 238, 285

Babylon, horses of, 4

“Balassiren,” the, 289

Barb horses, 178, 183, 184, 230, 243, 244

Barbary horse, the, 181, 216

Barrows in Scotland, 91

Bayard, the Chevalier, 134;

his horsemanship, 135;

mistaken for mythological horse “Bayard,” 136;

his horse Carmen, 135

Bayeux tapestry, the, 108, 110

Bedouins, the, 286, 287

Belgian government, the, 293

Belisarius, the white-faced horse of, 84

Bells as race prizes, 177, 205, 208, 245

Bells of St Paul's melted down, 163

Bevis of Southampton and “Arundel,” 194

Bit, the, 18, 19, 201;

discovered at Athens, 40;

flexible, 18, 40;

found in tombs, 91;

not used by Bedouins, 286;

of the Greeks, 51;

Xenophon's advice on, 45

Black or “great” horse, 233

Black Prince, the, 125

“Black Saladin,” 136

“Blair Atholl,” 288

Bleeding horses, 221

“Blue Gown,” 288

Boadicea, 76, 77

Board of Agriculture, 293

Bogdo of Mongolia, the, 291

Books on horses and hunting, 124, 139, 204, 206, 271

Brazen steed of Cambuscan, the, 132

Breeds, improvement in, by Charles II., 242, 250;

by Cromwell, 243, 244;

by the Duke of Buckingham, 225;

by the Duke of Cumberland, 267;

by the Duke of Newcastle, 227, 251;

by Edward III., 125, 130;

by Elizabeth, 144, 153, 222;

by Henry VIII., 148, 167;

by importation from Italy, 180;

by James I., 202, 221;

by James II., 261;

by King John, 114;

by Mahomet, 87;

by the Persians, 114;

by William III., 263;

Committee in the House of Lords on, 288;

enforced by law, 149, 152;

from 1660-1685, 196;

in Athens, 51;

in England, 108;

in Ireland, 252;

in Middle Ages, 114;

in the sixteenth century, 141;

the seventeenth century, 257;

Cardinal Wolsey's interest in, 143

Bridles, 51, 64, 135, 237, 286, 291

Bronze Age, the, 4, 6, 16, 17

Bronze of Alexander, 61

Bronze horse in British Museum, 64

Brood Mare Society, 292

Bucephalus, 54, 61

“Byerley Turk,” the, 215, 263, 289

Caligula's horse—a priest, 79

Carey's ride, Sir Robert, 197, 198

“Carmen,” 135

Cart horses, 207, 236

Cauldrons and tripods, 11

Cavalry, 16, 22, 23, 46, 199, 283, 292;

Assyrian, 9;

British, 67, 68;

Cromwell's, 233, 234;

described by Julius Cæsar, 70, 71;

first use of, 7;

Greek, 9, 22;

Hannibal's, 64, 65, 69;

Henry II.'s, 111;

Iberian, 65;

Persian, 114;

Richard II.'s opinion of, 131;

superseded chariots, 74;

Theodosius', 81;

twelfth century, 112;

William the Conqueror's, 107, 109

Celts, 23, 72

Chargers, 109, 111, 120, 125, 131, 160, 199, 207, 233, 278, 279

Chariot races, with Æthe, 9;

at the thirty-third Olympiad, 16;

at Delphi, 23;

won by Alcibiades, 25;

of Philip II., 27;

won by Exænetus of Agrigentum, 32;

in first century A.D., 77;

of the Romans, 172

“Charioteer, A finished,” 10

Chariots, 3-21, 24, 65;

Julius Cæsar's description of, 70, 71;

in Ireland, 115;

of the Acheans, 20;

of the Ancient Britons, 20, 68, 69;

Assyrians, 20;

Early Irish, 20;

Egyptians, 3, 14, 20;

Erichthonius, 5;

Gauls, 20, 72;

Greeks, 20;

Hittites, 20;

Libyans, 20;

Persians, 20, 25;

Romans, 72;

Syria, 25;

Thracians, 14, 15;

Vedic Aryans, 20;

with scythes, 25, 26

Charles I. institutes horse racing in Hyde Park, 224;

interest in horses, 233;

picture in National Gallery, 225;

present of horses, 225;

price of horses, 229;

racecourses in time of, 245

Charles II., a good whip, 240;

encouraged horse-breeding, 240;

encouraged use of stage coaches, 240;

horsemanship of, 227-229;

love of horse-racing, 246, 259;

restores horse racing, 245

Charles V. of Germany, 161, 171

Charles VIII. of France, 138, 139

Chaucer, 130-132

Chester Meeting, the, 208;

Charles II. at, 247;

rule for winning owner, 208, 209;

silver bells run for, 208, 245

Circus riding, 7, 80, 184, 185

Cobs, 111, 205, 215

Coins, horses represented on, 26, 27, 65, 75, 103

Colour, attention to, by Elizabeth, 111, 175;

by Henry II., 111;

by John, 111, 112;

by Richard III., 139;

by Romans, 84;

white and dun horses disliked for, work, 67 (see also “White horses”)

Colton, John, 127

Commandeered horses, 119, 126

“Common,” 288

Commonwealth abolishes horse racing, 241-243;

sets back horse breeding, 241-243, 245;

the race horse extinct under, 245

Cortes' sixteen horses, 169

Coursers, 207

Cream-white horses, the Royal, 289

Cromwell, cavalry of, 233, 234;

favours horse-breeding, 243,

racehorses of, 243

“Cropping,” 271, 272

Cross-country matches, 218

Croton, 8, 22

Crotonians, 8, 22

Croydon Race Meeting, 210, 245

Cruelty, cause of partiality among horses for certain human beings, 129;

of “cropping” and “docking,” 271, 272;

unknown in America, 105

Cuchulainn Saga, 74

Cumberland, Duke of, 267

Cyrene, 21;

famous for steeds and chariots, 31

“Darley Arabian,” the, 267, 268

David Hume, 173

Dead weight, 220

Declining interest in horses, 182, 183, 291, 292

Delphi, chariot-race at, 23;

museum at, 32

Derby, the, 274, 288, 290;

of Mongolia, 291

Derby, Lord, 11

Diomed, King, 62

“Docking,” 42, 271, 272

“Dodsworth,” 250, 251

Don Quixote, 133, 189-191

Doncaster Race Meeting, 175

“Donovan,” 288

Driving horses, 144

Dun-coloured horses, 15, 17, 24, 67, 95, 96, 137

Echepolus of Sicylon, 9

“Eclipse,” 267, 268, 273-276, 289

Edward I., 120

Edward II., 124

Edward III., 124, 125

Edward VI., 171

Egyptians, 3, 19, 281, 289

Elizabeth, Queen, 111, 144, 153;

at Doncaster, 175;

at Newmarket, 175;

barbs, the special property of, 178;

fondness for the chase, 187;

her stud, 111, 144;

interest in horses, 111, 153, 206;

love of the Turf, 153, 175;

retinue when travelling, 193;

value of horses in reign of, 178

Emperor Justinian, the, 83

Erichthonius, King, 4, 5

Exænetus, 32

Exportation of horses forbidden, 149, 150

Eyes, 55, 139, 214;

china eye, 55;

wall eye, 55, 214, 266

Falkirk, battle of, 120

Fenwick family, the, 231

Ferdinand of Arragon, 158-159

Fictitious horses, 163, 164, 178, 189, 190, 194, 196, 276, 278, 280

Fines paid in horses, 114

Fitz Stephen, 113

“Flying Childers,” 268, 269, 274, 275

“Flying Fox,” 288

Food of horses, 54, 156, 178, 246

Four-in-hand, 5, 7

Foxhounds, first master of, 118

Foxhunting, 118, 161, 162, 179, 180, 253, 260

Francisco Pizarro, 170

Funeral of Frederic Casimir, 36;

Li Hung Chang, 36;

Scythian King, 35;

Tartars, 36

Future of the horse, 183, 284, 285, 291

Gambling, Aristophanes on, 52;

by David Hume, 175;

Elizabeth, 176;

Henry VIII., 162, 163;

Wolsey, 144;

denounced, 180, 211, 212, 265;

Marshal de Bassompierre's love for, 231;

under Charles II., 254;

James I., 205, 210-212

Gauls, the, 20, 70, 72, 75

Geldings, 207

Gentleness of horses, 104

George III., 271

Girth, the, 63

“Gladiateur,” 288

“Godolphin Arabian,” 269, 270, 289

Gradasso and Alfana, 94

“Great Horses,” 111, 127, 141, 206, 232, 237

Greek soldier, 19, 28, 46

Greeks, the, 21;

esteemed horses highly, 29;

had chariots with wheels, 20;

harness of, 51;

hogged manes patronised by, 48;

horse breeding by, 14;

horsemanship among, 7, 9, 16;

horses of, 30, 102;

horseshoes explained to, 73;

race horses kept by, 49;

taught to ride by the Libyans, 17;

used horse-cloths, 19

Haddington Race Meeting, the, 172

Halters, 18, 286

“Hands,” 133, 227, 228

“Harkaway,” 288

Hector, 10

“Helmsley Turk,” 225, 257

Henry II., 110-113

Henry III., 119, 161

Henry VII., 141-147

Henry VIII., 148, 167, 187, 206, 250

Heraclios, 10

“Hermit,” 288

Hiero II. of Syracuse, 31, 37

Higher Criticism, 9

Hittites, the, 6, 20

Hogged manes, 42, 48, 271

Hoof, the, 41, 47, 72, 214

Hooper, Letter of Bishop, 171

Horse-bread, 156, 179, 246

Horse breakers, 41, 146

Horse-cloths, 19, 38, 59, 72, 155

Horse breeding north of the Tweed, 152, 166

Horse doctors, 40;

ignorance of, 213;

veterinary surgeons, 221;

Wolsey as a, 145, 146

Horse fairs organised, 231-232

Horse-fighting in Iceland, 95;

in Siam, 95;

picture of, 96

Horse hoof, 44

Horsemanship, 7, 10, 12, 16;

Alexander the Great's, 57-58;

Bayard's, 135;

Charles II.'s, 226-227, 246-257;

Charles VIII. of France's, 139;

clever riding of Elizabeth, 193;

Duke of Newcastle's, 227-228;

early instruction in, 134;

feats in, 197;

influence of, 183;

James I.'s opinion on, 206-207, 217;

James II.'s, 261;

John Selwyn's, 188;

of Anglo-Saxons, 108;

of Bedouins, 287;

of Earl of Shrewsbury, 107;

of the Gauls, 70;

of Irish, 166-167;

Mary Queen of Scots', 192;

of the Scotch, 167;

Spaniards', 224;

Swedes', 83;

training in, 29, 32;

Wolsey's, 141-143

Horse racing, at Chester, 208-209, 245, 247;

at Croydon, 210;

at Newmarket, 124, 175, 205-209, 217, 222-224, 247, 248, 254, 258, 259, 263-265;

at Salisbury, 177;

at Smithfield, 113;

at Winchester, 262;

attack on judge of, 219;

between Duke of Suffolk and the Seigneur Nicolle Dex, 154-156;

Charles II.'s love for, 246-257;

Commonwealth suppresses, 241-242;

denounced, 180-181, 211, 212, 219, 241-243, 265, 266;

Philip of Macedon's devotion to, 27;

excess of, 176, 179;

first allusion to wagers on, 11;

first authentic record of, 75, 76;

first taught to the Romans, 37;

fixtures abandoned under Commonwealth, 219;

Hengist and Horsa's interest in, 91;

in Athens, 51;

in France, 255, 256;

in Holland, 226;

in Hyde Park, 224, 225;

in Ireland, 252;

in Scotland, 172-174;

in fourteenth century, 133;

in time of the Romans, 76, 172;

in time of Wolsey, 144-145;

inaugurated, 16;

James I.'s love for, 202;

Mongols fond of, 290;

on the ice, 211;

popular pastime, 52, 53, 210, 219, 251, 264, 290;

Queen Anne's love for, 267;

revival of, 246;

ruins breeding

of “great horses,” 232, 233;

rules revised, 270;

under Edward II., 124;

under Elizabeth, 144;

Henry III., 116, 117;

Henry VIII., 154-160;

Richard I., 113;

Richard II., 133;

under William III., 263, 264

Horse rearing, 52, 114, 125, 130, 143, 144, 148-154, 165-166

Horses, ailments of, 146, 213-214, 221;

annual charge for Charles II.'s, 257;

antiquity of, 1;

at Crecy, 125, 126;

average life of, 53;

bleeding of, 221;

breeds, 62;

vicious and gentle, 104;

commandeered by kings, 119, 126;

courage of 105, 106;

cream white, 289;

dapple, or dun-coloured, 15, 17, 24, 67, 95, 96, 137, 138;

declining interest in, 182, 183, 291-292;

defects of, 47;

divination of the future attributed to, 78;

English, the best, 230;

exportation of, forbidden, 149, 150, 152;

eyes, 55, 139, 214;

flat-nosed, 24;

fleabitten, 50;

food of, 54, 156, 178, 179, 245, 246;

fossilised remains of, 4, 51;

“great horses,” 111, 127, 141, 206, 232-237;

Herodotus on, 24, 31;

Homer on, 7-18, 28, 122;

Horace on, 72;

ill-treatment of, 104-105, 129, 271, 272;

influence of on history, 96-97, 103, 104, 183, 281-284;

in romance, 161-164, 178, 189, 190, 194-196, 276-278, 280;

in the sixth century, 82;

Joan of Arc's, 137, 138, 279;

likes and dislikes of, 129;

“leeching,” 221;

longevity of, 102;

management and care of, 14, 215;

Mary, Queen of Scots', 192;

monuments erected to, 32, 61;

mythological, 10, 62, 94, 97-100, 136;

naming, 157, 194;

North-American Indians' terror at sight of, 171;

of Abraham, 1, 2;

Acheans, 15-17;

Agrigentum, 32;

Anatolia 196, 281;

Anglo-Saxons, 88-90;

Armenia, 31;

Athenians, 24;

Babylon, 4;

Bedouins, 286-287;

Britain, 17, 24;

the Egyptians, 2, 3, 19, 281;

Erichthonius, 4, 5;

Flanders, 141;

France, 141;

Friesland, 141;

Gauls, 70, 72, 75;

Germany, 141;

Greece, 14, 15, 29, 30, 48-49, 102;

Hittites, 6;

Ireland, 17, 74-75, 115, 252;

Libyans, 4, 16, 17, 48, 54, 103, 104, 281;

Macedonians, 46, 281;

Niseans, 31, 34;

Numideans, 64, 281;

Parthians, 53, 66;

Persians, 31, 33, 114-115, 281;

Romans, 70, 78, 80, 102, 282;

Russians, 123;

Scandinavians, 95;

Scythians, 34-36, 281;

Sicilians, 27-28;

Solomon, 6;

Spain, 53, 65, 66, 75, 168, 171;

Swedes, 83;

Syria, 196, 281;

Tartars, 123;

Thessaly, 21, 50, 54, 61, 62;

Thracians, 12, 14, 15;

Trojans, the, 4, 28;

Turkish, 215, 243, 244;

Philip II.'s love for, 27;

pictures of, 61-62, 137, 225, 279;

points of, 40, 41, 47, 50, 66, 68, 80, 140;

prices of, 55, 125, 177, 178, 203, 214, 229, 235, 274;

represented on coins, 26-27, 65, 75, 103;

on vase painting, 51;

on panels in Ireland, 115;

sacrificed, 33-36, 78, 97, 104;

scarcity of at Crecy, 125;

among the Romans, 282;

Shakespeare's, 181, 182;

shire horses, 140, 144;

Spanish Armada, 222;

“starling-coloured,” 53;

starvation of, 146, 147;

stolen, 214;

strength of, 105, 111, 112;

superstitions about, 78, 79, 121, 123, 213;

three-years-olds, 271, 288;

trained to music, 8;

transported to Cuba and Hispaniola, 169;

unshod, 24;

war horses, 104, 109-111, 131, 136-138, 199, 200, 283, 292;

wealth expressed by number of, 81;

with white star, 17, 54

Horse thieves, 120

Hunters, 183, 207

Hunting 118, 161, 162, 179, 180, 187, 192, 218, 241, 253, 261

Huntingdon, race at, 220

Hyde Park Meeting, 224

“Hyksos, The,” 2

Hypanis, the (River Bug), 21

Hyperenor, 12

Hypnotism of horses, 289-290

Iceni, the, 75, 117

Ill-treatment of horses, 100, 105, 129, 271, 272

India, 36

Influence of the horse on history, 96, 97, 103, 104, 183, 281-284

Ireland, 17, 18, 74, 75, 115, 116, 252

Iron Age, the, 15, 17, 19, 22

“Iron Horseman, An,” 227

“Isokelismos,” 30

James I., at Lincoln, 219;

encouraged gambling, 210;

improvement of horses under, 203;

liked tall horses, 215;

love of racing, 202, 209, 210;

made Newmarket “a royal village,” 205;

present of horses from Naples, 207;

Royal studs of, 207;

trained his horses, 220;

wrote on horses, 220

James II., as a sportsman, 261;

at Winchester races, 262

Joan of Arc, 137, 138, 279

Job, the steed of, 5

Jockey Club, the, 174, 270

Jockeys, 113, 209, 220, 253-254, 265, 291

John Selwyn, 187, 189

Julius Cæsar describes battle, 70, 71;

horses in time of, 105;

reference to the Iceni, 75

“Kantake,” 21

King Arthur, 82

King John, 111, 113

King's Master of the Stud, 264

“Lamri,” 82

Law commandeering horses for kings, 119;

forbidding exportation of horses, 149-154;

forbidding Roman Catholics to keep valuable horses, 264;

maintenance of horses, 151-154

“Leger,” the, 288

Libya, 16

Libyans, the, 4, 7, 17, 20, 21, 29

Lincoln Race Meeting, 219

Lord Arundel (1377), 133

Lord Cardigan's “Ronald,” 285

Lord Herbert, 179, 180

Louis XIV. arranges races at St Germains, 255, 256

Love for horses, Adhils', 83;

Alexander the Great's, 59;

Anne's, 267, 276;

Boadicea's, 77;

Charles II.'s, 246-257;

Elizabeth's, 187;

Gradasso's, 94;

Henry VIII.'s, 165;

Mahomet's, 88;

Mary Queen of Scots', 189;

of the ancients, 97;

Richard II.'s, 128;

Roderick's, 93;

William the Conqueror's, 108;

Xenophon's, 38, 48

Macedonian soldier, 19

Macedonians, the, 46

Mahomet, encourages horse breeding, 86;

goes to heaven on Alborak, 89;

the mule of, 87

Marathon, 46

Mares' milk as food, 37

Mares, the Royal, 250, 257

“Marocco,” 184, 185

Marquis of Mantua, 157

Mary, Queen of Scots, good horsewoman, 192;

her horses, 192;

love of horses, 191

Mary II., 153

Maximilian, the Emperor, 141, 142

Menelaus, 10

Menesthus, 10

Mesmerising horses, 289, 290

Mexico, 169, 170

Monmouth, the Duke of, 255-257

“Morocco Barb,” 225

Mounting, 43, 59, 64, 66

Mounting block, 64

Mycenæ, the, 6

Mycenean Greeks, 20;

period, 6, 19

Mythological horses, 10, 62, 94, 97-100, 136

Naming horses, 157, 194

Napier's “Molly,” Sir Charles, 279

Napoleon I.'s horses, 200;

“Marengo,” 279

Neolithic Period, 4

Netherby races, 76

Newcastle, the Duke of, 226-228, 235, 247, 249, 257

Newmarket, 144;

at end of seventeenth century, 258, 259;

Charles II.'s favourite meeting, 247, 248;

described by Shadwell, 251, 252;

early history of, 222;

Edward II. stops a tournament at, 124;

Elizabeth at, 175;

famous flat race arranged at, 220;

first important races at, 223;

fox hunt near, 253;

historic race meeting at, 248;

horses of, 117, 118;

Iceni at, the, 75;

incident at, 254;

James I. present at, 206, 209, 217;

Marocco, foaled at, 184;

rebuilding of race stand at, 247;

Spanish Armada horses at, 222, 223;

the royal village, 205;

under William III., 263-265

Newspaper account of races, the first, 224

Normans, 20

Northern America, no horses in, 168

Nose bands, 18, 286

Numidians, the, 64, 281

Oaks, the, 290

O'Byrnes, the, 127, 128

Oliver Cromwell, 233, 234

Olympic games, the, 25, 27, 31, 32, 37

O'Moores, the, 127, 128

Opposition to coaches and railways, 237, 238

“Ormonde,” 288

Oxen used by Roman Catholics, 264

Pale, the, 127

Parthenon frieze, the, 29, 30, 39, 64

Patroclus, 12

Pausanias, 44

Pedigree through dams, 100, 101

Pegasus, 16, 98

Peloponnesian War, 24

Persia, 36, 37, 43

Persians, the, 20, 31, 33, 36, 46

Persimmon, 288

Phallas, 10

Phrenicus, 37

Pictures of horses, 61, 62, 137, 225, 279

Pictures of races, 220

Plinth of North Cross, Ireland, 115

Points of horses, 40, 41, 47, 50, 66, 68, 80, 140

Priam, 10

Prices of horses, 55, 125, 177, 178, 203, 214, 229, 235, 274

Prizes, 11, 111, 205, 208, 245, 254, 255, 262, 275, 291

Pylian breed, the, 10

Queen Anne, a “turfite,” 267;

condemned tail-docking, 271;

founded Ascot, 270;

love of horses, 265, 276;

revived racing rules, 270

Queen Elizabeth, 111, 114, 153, 175, 178, 187, 193, 206

Racecourses as pleasure grounds, 245

Race horses, 33, 49, 160, 199;

ages of, 271;

development of, 173, 202-205, 289;

Elizabeth's interest in, 144;

Edward III.'s interest in, 124;

fondness of the Greeks for, 53;

from Spanish Armada, 222, 223;

James I.'s love for, 205, 206, 208;

naming, 157;

nineteenth century, 288;

present to King Athelstan of, 91;

present to Edward III., 125;

present to Henry VIII., 158;

reinstated by Charles II., 245;

Richard I.'s, 113;

Richard II.'s, 129;

sold at a loss, 242;

tails of, 272;

training of, 156

Rameses, 2

Rarey, 12

Richard I., 111, 113

Richard II., 128-130, 246

Richard III., 138, 139

Riding bareback, 29, 38, 59

Riding masters, 41

Riding matches, 154, 176, 218, 220

“Roan Barbary,” 128, 129

“Robert the Devil,” 288

Roderick and “Orelia,” 93

Roger de Bellesne, Earl of Shrewsbury, 107

Roguery on the Turf, 174, 175

Roland and “Veillantiff,” 92, 93

“Rowley, Old,” 246;

Rowley Mile, 247

Royal Ascot, 270

Royal cream-white horses, 289

Royal Mares, the, 250, 257

Royal Stud, 148, 149, 207, 216

Russia, 123

Saddle-cloths, 59, 63, 82, 155

Saddles, 59;

among early Greeks, 38;

among the Romans, 63, 81;

in Ireland, 110;

in races, 155;

of the Mongols, 291;

of the Normans, 110;

scorned, 40, 64;

used by Angles, 88, 89

“Saga of Burnt-Njal,” the, 95

“St Gatien,” 288

St George's Cup, 208

Salisbury, race gathering at, 177

Sarmatian, 44

“Savoy,” of Charles VIII. of France, 138, 139

Scandinavian barrows, 91

Scandinavians, the, 95

Scythians, the, 34, 36, 281

Seius' horse, 27

Severus Alexander, 75

Shakespeare's horses, 181-183

“Shibdiz,” 82

Shields, 20, 115

Shire horses, 140, 144

Shoes, ancient objection to, 42;

found in tomb of Childeric, 42, 83;

in lieu of rent, 119;

leather caps used by Romans as, 73;

made of reeds, 42;

regularly used, 83;

silver and gold, 73;

sixteenth-century, 146, 155;

superstitions about, 280, 286

Shortage of horses, 125, 282

Sicilian coinage, 27

Sicilians, 31, 36

Sicily, 22

Sigynnæ, the, 15, 24

Simo, 38, 50

Simon de Montfort, 118

Sir Eustace de Hecche, 120

Smerdis, death of, 37

Solomon, 6

Spanish Armada survivors, 222

Spartans, the, 25

“Spumador,” 82

Spurs, in time of Henry II., 113;

Irish, 110;

John Selwyn's, 188;

of “Blanche Rose,” 155;

of the Greeks, 57;

of the Wife of Bath, 131;

of the Romans, 65

Stage coaches, 238-240

Stakes, at Newmarket, 254;

in Mongolia, 291;

Louis XIV.'s Plate, 255;

St George's Cup, 208;

silver bells as, 177, 205-208, 245;

snaffle as, 177;

under James II., 262;

won by descendants of Eclipse, 291;

won by Seigneur Nicolle Dex, 154, 156

Stallions, adapted for coach use, 240;

Arabian, 76, 203, 204, 264, 267-270, 289;

celebrated seventeenth-century, 257;

celebrated eighteenth-century, 267-270, 273-276;

colour of, 111;

Dutch purchase racing, 226;

Eastern breed of, 114;

fed on eggs and oysters, 178;

importation of, 76, 114, 116, 148, 203, 204, 207, 212, 226, 264;

law against exportation of, 166;

shire, 144;

Spanish, 107, 227, 230;

thoroughbred, 288

Staying power, 105, 111

Stirrup leathers, 228

Stirrups, 40;

in Ireland, 110;

regularly used, 88;

standing in, 220;

unknown to Bedouins, 287

Stud, 274, 288;

Charles II.'s, 250, 257;

Cromwell's, 243;

Cumberland Lodge, 267;

Duke of Newcastle's, 251;

Edward III.'s, 125;

Elizabeth's, 144;

established by William the Conqueror, 114;

King's Master of the, 264;

Marquis of Mantua's, 157;

modern forms, 116;

Royal stud, 148, 149, 207, 216;

Wolsey's, 144

“Sumpter horses,” 193

Superstitions, 78, 79, 121, 123, 213-215

Superstitions about horseshoes, 280, 286

Tarentum, 22

Tartars, the, 36, 123

Theobald's, race meeting at, 245

Thessalians, the, 21

Thessaly, 50, 54, 61, 62

Thetford Race Meeting suppressed, 219

Thomas à Becket, 113

Thoroughbreds, 114, 197, 199, 230, 251, 274, 275, 288, 293;

development of, 288;

Dodsworth included in royal stud, 250;

English, introduced into France, 231;

fed on eggs and oysters, 78;

in Richard II.'s reign, 130;

introduced into America, 287;

management of, 215;

Mr T. A. Cook on, 267;

nineteenth century, 288;

of William III., 263;

sold at a loss, 242

Thracian horses, 14

Thracians, the, 12, 14, 122

Three-year-olds, 271, 288

Thurii, 37

Trainers, 156, 220, 221, 230

Trappings, 13, 14, 34, 159, 237, 257

Trickery in racing, 174, 176, 205, 209, 270

Tripods, 11

Trojans, the, 4, 28

Troy, 28, 29

Tryers and gentlemen tryers, 177, 218, 220

Turf, the, 145, 157, 173-176, 205, 231, 245, 251, 255, 261, 264, 265, 273-275, 288

Turkish horses, 215, 243, 244

Two Thousand, the, 288

Valerian, the Emperor, 43

Varni, the, 89

Vedic Aryans, the, 20

Veneti, the, 36, 101

Verus, the Emperor, 80

Veterinary surgeons, 221

Vicious breeds, 104

“Villiers Arabs,” 204

Wagers, at Newmarket, 205;

between Charles II. and Sir Robert Carr, 254;

by David Hume, 174;

first allusion to, 11;

in reign of Henry II., 113;

in reign of Henry III., 116, 117;

on flat racing, 218;

on Lord Haddington's race, 220

“Warned off the Turf,” 174, 270

Washing horses' legs, 45

Wealth expressed by number of horses, 81

Weights, 262

Wellington's “Copenhagen,” 278, 279

Wheels of chariots, 20

White animals sacred, 33, 36

White hoof, a, 214

White horse, the, 21, 31, 32;

banner of, 69, 91, 92;

beloved of the gods, 33, 122;

criminal act to wound a, 123;

divination by sacred, 79;

Joan of Arc's, 137, 138;

Mahomet's Alborak, 89;

Napoleon's, 279;

not liked for work, 67;

of Chinghas Khan, 121-123;

of the Scandinavians, 95;

of Selene, 98, 99;

sacrificed, 33, 36, 50, 78, 123;

superstitions about, 123;

stud of Richard III., 139;

“White Surrey” of Richard III., 139;

“White Turk,” of Cromwell, 279

William the Conqueror, 97, 103, 108-110, 114

William III., Acts against Roman Catholics possessing horses, 264;

for development of horses, 153;

court of, 259;

interest in horses, 263-266;

statue in Dublin, 236, 237

William Stephanides, 110

Winchester Meeting, the, 262

Windsor Great Park, 267

Windsor, stud at, 125

Wolsey, Cardinal, 141-145

Wooden Horse of Troy, the, 28

Xenophon's advice to riders, 44, 45;

early life of, 45;

kindness to horses, 38, 49;

rules, 39, 40

Xerxes, procession of, 34, 50

Zeus, car of, 34

THE RIVERSIDE PRESS LIMITED, EDINBURGH.