Book 4 — INDEX

Index

Abeikas Indians—293 Acacia Tree—222 Achechy—237 Adaies Indians—9; Post of, 54 Agriculture, Indian—341 Aiaouez Indians—59, 62; 63; 66; 305 Alaron, Martin de—9, 10 Algonquins—93 Alder—226 Alibamous Indians—293 Alibamous River—135 Alligator— slave girl kills, 19; author kills large one, 22; description of, 253-255 Amite River—113 Ants—272; 273 Aplaches Indians—293 Apples, wild—212 Aquelou-Pissas Indians—18; 297 Arkansas— German colonists there, 29; 88 Arkansas Indians— mate with Canadians, 4; 57; 303 Arkansas River— reached by Tonti, 4; 112; 113; 153-154 Armed-fish—276-277 Ascension Bay—114; 139 Ash—226 Aspen—226 Assinais Indians—5-9 Attakapas Indians— cannibals, 302 Avoyelles Indians—149; home of, 302-303 Ayac Shrub—226

Balers, Marquis of—9 Barataria—145 Barbel, description of—274 Barley—203 Baton Rouge—52; named after a cypress tree, 217 Bay of St. Bernard—3 Bay of St. Esprit—2 Bay of St. Louis—16; 17; 114; lands around, 138 Bayou Choupic—17; 18 Bayou Goula—141 Bayou-Ogoulas Indians—52; 302 Bayou St. John—17; 18; 49; 52 Beans— cultivation in La., 204 Bears—132; 133; description of, 245-249; feast of, 324 Beavers— description of, 127-131 Bec-croche—261 Bees—271 Bienville— becomes Gov. Gen. of La., 10-11; founds New Orleans, 15; breeds hogs, 16; 28; 38; defeats Natchez Indians, 39; 42; 49; 71; 87; 88; 92; 93; war against Chicasaws, 94-95; 109; returns to La., 186 Biloxi—11; 16; not suitable for settlement, 28; distress of German colonists, 29; country back of, 30; 47; settlement destroyed, 137. Birch Tree—231 Bishop (Bird)—270 Blackbirds—268 Black River—113; land around it, 148; lands along, 151-154 Bon Homme—195 Bois-Briant—58 Bonita Fish—12 Bourgrnont, Commander de— voyage to Missouri and Kansas, 59-68; his journal, 69; 160; 305 Bows— how made, 340 Buffalo—64; hunt by author, 122; 132; 134; 146; 147; 152; hunt in New Mexico, 155; hides and tallow, 155-156; 162, 178; description of, 240; Indian hunt, 240; feast of, 324 Burgo-Breaker (fish)—275 Burial customs—333-337 Butterflies—271 Buzzard— deseciption of, 258

Caouquias Indians—301 Caouitas Indians—293 Caddo Indians—151; 303 Cadillac, de la Motte— arrives in La., 5; 6; 8; 9; death of, 10; his mine, 163 Calendar of Natchez—319 Calumet (Pipe of Peace)—35; feathers for, 258 Campeachy wood—183 Canadians— early voyagers to La., 4; at Dauphin Island, 16; at Mobile, 46; 58; 59; get salt, 157; Route to La., 161-163 Candlemas Islands—138 Cannes Brulee's—52 Canoe— how made, 69 Cantharadies—272 Canzas (see Kansas) Cape Anthony—13 Cape Francois—11-13; 182 Capuchins—51 Caranco—22 Cardinal—269 Carolina— population, IX; 47 Carp—17; 146; 274 Carrion-Crow—258 Carthaginians— practised scalping, 283 Caskaquias (see Kaskasia) Cassine Shrub—228 Castin Bayou—113 Castine Mine—133 Catamounts—134; 144 Caterpillars—271 Catfish— description of, 274 Cat Island—16; 138 Cedar Trees—215; 225 Celoron, Capt. de—93; 94 Chacchi-Oumas Indians—300 Chactaw Indians (see Choctaws) Chaineau, M.—278 Chameleons—257 Champmelin, Commander— captures Pensacola XXIV; 104; 105 Chandeleur Islands—13 Chaouachas Indians—140; 301 Chaouanous River—162 Charleville, M. de—109; 110 Charlevoix—I; III; IV; XXV; XXVI; 24; 30 Chateauguier—101 Chatkas Indians—295; language, 297 Chatots Indians—294 Cherokees—293 Cherokee River—162 Chestnut Trees—214 Chicasaw Cliffs—133 Chicasaw Indians—46; murder French, 56-57; war with, 87-90; make peace, 94; country of, 137; destructive wars, 291; language, 297; destroy other tribes, 303-304; fierce and arrogant, 332. Chitimachas Indians—18; war with, 71; 300; home of, 302 Choctaws—46; 80; 84; 85; 113 Chopart, de—73; his death, 82 Choupic—276 Choupichoul (buck wheat)-156-157 Clerac (Gascony)-27 Climate— of Gulf Coast, III; VIII; severe weather, 36; at Mobile, 46; of the Miss. Valley, 57; of La., 107-108 Clothing of Indians—344-346 Cochineal—183 Cockle-Island—17, 138 Codfish—14 Cola-Pissas—18 Colbert—3 Coligni, Admiral de—2 Conchac Indians—293 Copper Mines—30, 145 Corbijeau—266 Cormorant, 259 Coroas Indians—300 Cooking, Indian—342 Corn— description of, 164-165; importance of.185; its cultivation in La., 202; feast of, 321-322; 347 Cotton—145; 158; how cultivated, 174-175; for export, 181 Cotton Tree—222 Coxe— account of Carolina, VI; XIII; 47 Cranes—22; 126; description of, 261 Crayfish—277 Creeper, bearded—232 Crocodile—253-255 Crows—268 Crozat— La. ceded to, 5; full store-houses, 8; transfers to West India Co., 10; 107 Cuba—13 Cushaws— cultivation in La., 206 Cypress Tree—IV; at Baton Rouge, 52; 216; 217

d'Artaguette—28; 52; 88; 92 Dauphin Isle—13; 15; 45; 46; 49; 101; 103 d'Avion—23 Deer—64; white, 124; 132; 134; 144; 152; hunt, 242-244; feast of, 319 Deer Oil—249 DeLaet—2 De Lisle—279 de Meuse— grant, 54 de Soto—2 de Ville, Father—26 Diodorus Siculus— his description of lands west of Africa, 281-282 Diseases— fatal to Indians—291; of Negroes, 359-360 Dove—266 Dragon flies—272 Draught (Bird)—263 Ducks—126; description of, 259-261 du Crenet—84 du Haye—198 Dumont (Historian)—I; V; VII; XXV; 46; 56; 66; 113; 135; historical memoirs, 187; 225 Du Pratz—1eaves La., 187 du Tiffenet—88; 89 du Vernai, Paris—52

Eagles—257 Eels—277 Egret—261 Elder Tree—231

Elephant— skeletons found in Ohio—290 Elk—64, 132, 134, 144 Elm—226 English— extent of American possessions, XIV; shipping, XVII; at English Turn, 47-51; on the Yazoo, 56; 57; on the Miss. River, 140; tobacco trade, 199 English Turn (Reach)—47; 51; why its name, 139-140 Epidemic—13 Episingles Indians—93 Esquine—181, 233 Eye Inflammation— treatment for, 43 Exports— from La. to Islands, 182

Falcon—258 Feast of War—352-353 Feasts of Indians—320-322 Ferns— Maiden hair, 234-235 Fig Trees—210-211 Filberts—213 Fire, how made—340 Fireflies—272 Fish— plentiful in La., 274 Five Nations—294 Flamingo—22; 126; description of, 261 Flat root—235 Flaucourt, Loire de, 24 Flax—145 Fleury, Cardinal—187 Flies—271 Florida— French settle there, 2; Spanish attack them, 2; French later attack Spanish, 2 Flowers—239 Flying Fish—12 Food of Indians—348-350 Fool— description of, 263 Forant, M. de—85 Fort Assumption—57; 93; 95 Fort Balise—47; 48; 116; 118; where built, 139 Fort Carolin (Fla.)—2 Fort Chartres—58 Fort Crevecoeur—3 Fort Louis—46; 294 Fort Mobile—88; 92 Fort Orleans—59; 61; 62; 69; 160 Fort Rosalie—23-24; 33; 34; 35 Fort St. Francis—92; 95 Fort St. John Baptist—6; 7; 9; 10 Fort St. Louis—136 Fox Indians— home of, 301 Foxes—251 French— shipping, XVII; in Fla., 2, 18; at Natchez, 32-33; bad influence, 41; massacre at Natchez, 82-83; commerce with La., 177-182 Frigate (Bird)—263 Frogs—253 Fur trade—178

Gar fish— description of, 276-277 Gaillard—61-63; 65 Games— Indian, 347 Geese— wild, 127; 259 Gentilly—52 Germans— in La., 29 Gold—145; plentiful in Mexico, 150 Gourges, Dominque de—2; 8 Grapes—208-209 Grass Point—17 Great Sun—40; 42-43 burial, 333-336 Green flies—272 Grigas Indians—298 Guenot—34 Gulf of Mexico Coast—1; northern boundary, 13; description of land bordering, 135-137 Gypsum—124

Habitations of Indians—341 Hakluyt (Fla.)—2 Halcyon— description of, 263-264 Hatchet-bill—262 Havana—102 Hawks—258 Hedge-hog—253 Hennepin, Father—3 Herons—126; 261 Hemp— cultivation, 180; 238 Hickory Trees—213 Horn Island—16 Hornbean Trees—226 Hops—177; 234 Howard, John—58 Hubert— planter, 20; 22; 24; 25 Hubert, Mme.—136; 167 Humming Bird—270 Hurons—93 Hurricane—30; 31; 32 Huts— how made, 341

Iapy, Commander—104 Iberville— made Gov. Gen. of La., 4; his death, 5; 8; 10 Iberville River—113 Illinois— visited by Hennepin and LaSalle, 3; hurricane, 30; 57; 58; 88; 162; 163 Illinois Indians—66; home of, 300-301 Illinois River—110 Indians— travel, 60-61; how to fight, 99-100; origin of, 279; descended from Europeans, 281 Indigo— cultivation and processing, 168-171; for export, 181; Dumont's method of making, 191-193 Iron—145 Iroquois—93; destructive wars of, 291 Ivy— ground, 237

Jamaica—13 Jesuits—51; 58

Kappas Indians—304 Kansas Indians—59; 60; 61; 62; 66; 68; 69; 305 Kansas River—63; 64; 110; description of, 159 Kayemans—13 Kaskasia—58 Kaskasia Indians—301 King-fisher— description of, 263

la Chaise, Director Gen.—44; 45 Lake Borgne—17; 138 Lake Erie—111; 161 Lake Maurepas—17; 113

Lake Pontchartrain—17 Lake St. Louis—17; 46; 49; 52; 113; 135 Lafourche (the Fork)—141 Language of Natchez—311 LaSalle— travels from Canada to the Gulf, 3; is killed on second trip, 4; 116 Lavert—273 Laudonviere, René de—2 Laurel Trees—217 Laval, Father—XXIII; XXV Lavigne, Sieur—18 Law, John—29 Lead—132; 145; 158; 163 LeBlanc— grant, 56; 88 LeSueur—83 LeSueur, Bayou—116 Levans—29 Liart Trees—226 Lime Trees—226 Linarez, Duke of—7-9 Lion's Mouth (flower) 239 Lizards—257 Locust Tree—222 Longevity of Indians—329 L'Orient—29 Loubois, Lieut. de—83; 84 Louis XIV—3; 5; 107 Louisiana— poor colonization, XXVI; named after Louis XIV, 3; names, 15; boundary of, 107; description of soil, 117-118; a fine country, 185; fertility of, 197 Luchereau, M. de—4

Magnolia Trees—218-219 Magpie—268 Maize—163-165; 202-203 Manchac River—111; 114 Mangrove—223 Maple Trees—220 Marameg Mine—158 Marameg River—58 Margat River—57; 93 Marriage customs—326-328 Massacre Island— Now Dauphin Isle, 13; how it was named, 14 Massacre of French at Natchez—73; 82 Medicines—44; 45; 181; 215 Medicine, Indian—26; 27; 43; 44 Mehane—22 Mexicans— descent from Chinese or Japanese, 284 Mexico—6; 7; 10; home of ancient Natchez tribe, 279; natives kill themselves, 291 Mezieres, Marquis de—52 Miami River—111; 161; 162; 163 Michigamias Indians—304 Mines in Illinois—163; in La., 195-196 Miragouine, Sieur—103 Mississippi River— lands of lower basin, VI; VII; commands continent, IX; navigation of, XI-XII; mouths of, XIII; reached by Hennepin, 3; 15; 18; 24; hurricane, 30; 47; 48; 49; 51; inhabitants along, 52; 53; 55; 58; 59; 63; 107; As names, 109; attempts to find source, 109; mouths of, 114-115; the passes, 117; 133; soil at mouth, 138-139; on east bank, 141-142; lands west of, 145; 161; 162; 163; voyage to source by Indian, 289-290 Mississippi Scheme—II; 58 Missionary—23 Missouri Indians—59; 60; 66; home of, 304-305 Missouri River— navigation of, XII; 60; 63; 69; 110; description of, 159

Mobile— barren lands, XX; 9; 11; birth place of La., 15; 45; 49; 89; native of land, 135-136; fertility of animals and women, 136 Mobile Bay—114 Mobile Indians—294 Mobile River— Canadians settle on, 4-5; 46; 135 Moingona River—110 Moncacht-apé, old wise man of Yazoo tribe— his voyages, 285-290 Montplaisir, M. de—27 Montreal—59 Mosquitoes— description of, 272-273; how Indians fight, 333 Mulberry Trees—145; 158; for silk growing, 167-168; 212; feast of, 321 Muscadine Grapes—209 Mushroom—231 Myrtle Wax-tree—220

Narvaez—1 Natchez— goodness of the country, 20-21; commandment, 27-28; terrible storm, 30-32; settlement at, 38-39; 55-56 Natchez Indians— DuPratz arrives among, 23-27; first war with French, 32-36; second war, 38-39; 55; 69; council of war, 76-77; 84; destroyed by French, 86-87; 153; grow grain, 156; origin of, 279-280; 297; home of, 298; power of, 299; description of social habits— birth and rearing children, 306-311; language, government, religion, 311-320 Natchitoches— French settle, 5; St. Denis at, 6; Spanish settle near, 8; 54; quality of land, 148; silver there, 195 Natchitoches Indians—112; home of, 303 Negroes— revolt, 71; choice of for slaves, 357; how to handle, 361; odors of, 362 Nesunez, Pamphilo—1 New Orleans—V; health good, IX; settlement of, 11; founded, 15; 17; 18; 22; physicians and surgeons of, 26; 30; 45; 46; forts below, 48; description of, 49-52; harbor of, 52; 58; 71; climate, 108; 136; nature of soil, 141; distance from Canada, 162 New Mexico—6; 54; 55; 112; nature of land, 147; hunting there, 155 Niagara Falls—286 Nightingale—269 Nobility— Natchez, 328 North America— extent of, XV; its products, XVI

Oak Trees—IV; V; 223-225 Oats—203 Ohio River— navigation of, XII; 58; 111; 161; 162; 163; skeleton of elephants found, 290 Ochre—23 Olivarez, Friar—9 Olive Trees—213 Orange Trees—212 Opelousas Indians—302 Opossum (wood-rat)—251 Orignaux—162 Osage Indians—59-60; 66; 304; 305 Osage River—159 Othouez Indians—59; 60; 61; 62; 66; 305 Otters—253 Otter Indians—287-288 Ouachas Indians—140 Ouchitas Indains— former home of, 303 Ouachita River—113 Oumas Indians—52; 80; home of, 297 Ouse-Ogoulas Indians—300 Owls—268 Oysters— in La., 277; on trees in St. Domingo, 278

Paducah Indians—59; 61; 62; 63; 65; Customs and manners, 66-68 destructive wars of, 291; 305 Paillou, Major General— at N. O., 15; 18; 39 Parroquets—266 Palmetto—231 Panimahas Indians—59; 63; 66; 305 Panis Indians—305 Partridges—144; 265 Paseagoulas River—114; 136 Pasca-Ogoulas Indians—15; 46; 295 Patassa (fish)—276 Pawpaws—158; 210 Peach Trees—210-211 Pearl River—114 Pelican— description of, 259 Pensacola— description of, XXIII; 2; Spanish settle, 8; captured by French, 100-105 Perdido River—104; 116; 135 Perrier— Gov. of La., 71; 73; 83; 85; defeats Natchez Indians, 86-87; 153; leaves La., 186 Perrier de Salvert—72; 86 Persimmons—209 Peru— natives killed themselves, 291 Petits Ecores—52; 53 Pheasant—264 Phoenicians— ancestors of Natchez Indians, 283 Phenomenon— alarming, 30; at Natchez, 36-38; extraordinary, 70 Pigeons— description of, 266-267 Pike—276 Pilchard—14; description of, 276 Pimiteouis Indians—301 Pin—IV; for tar, 193-194; 217 Pipe of Peace—59; 60; 63; 65; 258 Pitch— how to make, 194 Plaquemine Bayou—114 Plums—210 Pointe Coupeé—52; 53; 54 Pole Cat—252 Pope (Bird)—269 Poplar—222 Porcupine—253 Port de Paix—13 Puerto Rico—11 Potatoes (sweet)— cultivation in La., 204-205 Pottery— how made, 342 Provencals— in La., 29 Prud'homme Cliffs—93 Prud'homme River—57 Pumpkins—206

Quail—266 Quebec—3; 111

Rabbits—251 Raimond, Diego—6; 10 Rattle snake— cure for bite, 237; description of, 255 Rattle-snake herb—235-237 Red fish—14 Red River—54; 55; 112; nature of land, 148; 151 Red Shoe, Prince of Chactaws—95 Religion of Natchez—312 Rice— how grown, 165; how eaten, 166; in La., 204-205 Richebourg, Captain—101; 102 Ring-skate (fish)—276 Rio del Norte—6 Rochelle— author leaves, 11; returns to, 187 Rye— in Illinois, 162; 203

Saffron—180 Sagamity—348; 349 St. Anthony's Falls—109; 110 St. Augustin, Fla.—2 St. Bernard's Bay—116 St. Catherine's Creek—33; 34; 35; 38 St. Come— Missionary, 71 St. Croix River—110 St. Denis— journey to Mexico, 6-11; 54; 104; popular with natives, 150 St. Domingo—4; 11; 13; oysters on trees, 277 St. Francis River—57;

lands around, 157-158; 112 St. Hilaire, Surgeon—42 St. Laurent—93; 94 St. Lawrence River—111; 161; 286 St. Louis Church—51 St. Louis River—3; 4; 8 St. Rose Isle—101; 102 St. Peter River—110 Sallee—58 Salmont, Com. Gen.—85 Salt— in lower La., 147; spring near Natchitoches, 149; mines, 153 Salt petre—147; 180 Samba—72 Santa Fé—112 Sarde (fish)—14 Sardine—276 Sarsaparilla—233 Sassafras—181; 220 Saw Bill—261 Scalping—283 Scotland— tobacco trade, 199 Scurvy— how to cure—360 Sea-Lark—263 Sea Snipe—263 Ship Island—16; 28 Shrimp—277 Siam distemper—13 Silk— growing experiments, 167-168 cultivation possible, 176; worms, 271 Silver—145; 151; 158; 163; 195 Sioux Indians—109; home of, 301-306 Skunk—252 Smallpox— fatal to Indians, 291 Snipe—266 Spanish— claim La., 5; 54; 55; on west of La., colony, 146; near Natchitoches, 150; how they hunt in Mexico, 155; commerce with La., 183-184; attempt to settle Missouri, 305 Starlings—268 Stag—242 Spatula— description of, 261; 276 Spiders— description of, 257 Squirrels—252 Stink Wood Tree—226 Strawberries—238; feast of, 320 Stung Arm—79; 80; 81 Stung Serpent—35; 40; death of, 335-336 Sturgeon—14 Sun of the Apple Village— negotiates with the French, 73-78 Swallows—269 Swans—127; 162; 259 Sweet gum—181; 215

Tamarouas Indians—58; 162; 300; 301 Tangipahoa River—113 Tar— how to make—193-194 Tassel—258 Tattooing—346 Tchefuncte River—113; 136 Teal—261 Temple, Indian— description of, 333 Tensas Indians— near Mobile, 294; language, 297; 300; former home of, 303 Tensas River— lands along, 152 Termites—273 Thioux Indians—299 Thomez Indians—294 Thorn, Passion—229-230 Thornback (fish)—14 Tigers—134; description of, 249-250 Timber— for shipbuilding, 179 Tobacco— trade, XVII; plantation, 25; 145; 158; in Illinois, 163; how cultivated, 171-174; for export, 181; DuMont's description of cultivation, 187-191; advantages of La. cultivation, 197-198; British imports and exports, 199; worm, 271 Tombigbee—46; 89 Tonicas Indians—23; 27; 44; 80; 84; 85; language of, 298 Tonti, Chevalier de—3; 4 Topoussas Indians—300 Torture, Indian—354-355 Tortuga—13 Tooth-ache Tree—228 Tradewinds—12 Troniou—270 Turkeys, wild—120; 144; description of, 264; feast of, 324 Turkey Buzzard—258 Turtles—253

Ursuline Nuns—51

Vanilla—184 Vasquez de Aillon, Lucas—1 Vauban—46 Vaudreuil, Gov.—95; 96 Vinegar Tree—227 Virginia—58

Wabash River—110; 111; 161; 162; 163 Walnut Tree—158; 213 War— with Natchez Indians, 32-36; 38-39; causes of Indian wars, 96-97; how they fight, 350; war feast, 352-353 Wasps—271 Water-hen—262 Water Melons— how grown, 166; cultivation of in La., 206-207; feast of, 321 Wax— from Wax Tree, 220-222 Wax Tree—176; 220-222 West India Company— Takes over La., 10; sends colonists, 11; 18; 32; 44; gives up colony, 85 Wheat—145; in Illinois, 162; in La., 203 White Apple Village—33; 39; demanded by French, 73 Whortle-berries—212 Wild Cat—251 Wild Geese—22; 259 Wild Turkey— description of, 264 (see turkey) Willow Tree—226 Wolves—134; 144; kill buffaloes, 156; description of, 244-245 Women— "fruitful" in La., 185 Woodcock—266 Wood-pecker— description of, 268-269 Wood-Rat—251 Wren—258

Yapon Shrub—228 Yaws—359 Yazoo Indians—56; kill the garrison at their Post, 83; 300 Yazoo River—56; 112 Ydalgo, Friar—5; 7; 9

A Map of Louisiana

THE GULPH OF MEXICO