INDEX.

Actinometer, J. Herschel’s, 152, 179, 180

Adams, J. C., at Collingwood, 188

Ages of heavenly bodies, 68, 94, 170

Alexander, the Czar, 49

Amici, of Modena, 148, 150

Apertures, method of, 61, 63

Apex, solar, 78, 80

Archbishop of Canterbury, and George III., 38

Argelander, 80, 106

Asteroids, 46, 90–1, 95, 100

Astrometer, J. Herschel’s, 177

Astronomical Society, 49, 152, 188

Aubert, Alexander, 16, 101, 124

Babbage, companionship with J. Herschel, 143–4, 149, 152;

astatic needle, 208

Bailey, S. I., 169, 170

Baily, Francis, 164, 185, 186, 187

Barnard, diameters of asteroids, 91;

nebulosities, 110–11;

photographs of Milky Way, 174

Bates, Joah, anecdote of W. Herschel, 12

Bath, centre of fashion, 12;

Herschel’s residences there, 17, 26, 47

Beckedorff, Mrs., 126, 127, 160;

Miss, 138

Bessel, solar movement, 80;

estimate of W. Herschel, 109;

Halley’s comet, 177;

at Collingwood, 187;

memoir of, 216

Biot, estimate of J. Herschel, 201

Bonaparte, Lucien, 33, 44

Bonaparte, Napoleon, Herschel’s interview with, 47

Bradley, observation of Castor, 76

Brougham, Lord, 53, 88, 90, 207

Burney, Dr., notices of W. Herschel, 12, 44, 45–6;

walk through forty-foot, 38;

notices of Caroline and J. Herschel, 125, 142

Burney, Miss, meetings with W. Herschel, 38–9;

with Mrs. and Miss Herschel, 44, 124, 125, 127

Burnham, double stars, 103;

planetary nebulæ, 155

Campbell, Thomas, admiration for W. Herschel, 47–8;

notice of his son, 145

Cavendish, anecdote of, 100

Clay Hall, 36

Climate, changes of, 82

Comet, of October 1806, 48;

of 1811, 94;

Encke’s, 124, 175;

of 1819, 128–9;

Biela’s, 153;

Halley’s, 175–6, 180, 211

Comets, decay of, 94;

Miss Herschel’s, 124, 125

Common, Dr., five-foot reflector, 99

Construction of the Heavens, 53, 60, 113–114, 214–15

Dante and the “Divina Commedia,” 15

Datchet, house at, 32, 36

Dawes, sun-spot nuclei, 83

De la Rue, photoheliograph, 210

De Morgan, letter to Captain Smyth, 188–9;

Herschel and the coinage, 191;

friendship with, 197;

dislike to hexameters, 217

Dreyer, Catalogue of Nebulæ, 192

Easton, Milky Way structure, 106

Edgeworth, Miss, at Slough and Collingwood, 192–3

Feldhausen, 163, 180, 181

Flamsteed, British Catalogue, 80, 123, 126

Galileo, double-star method of parallaxes, 55

Gauss, 151, 201, 205

George III., patronage of Herschel, 10, 24, 28–9, 30, 32, 33;

taste for astronomy, 30, 47;

walk through great telescope, 38

Gill, Dr., Herschel’s micrometers, 103;

photographic catalogue, 106;

photographs of Argo nebula, 167;

of Omega Centauri, 169

Gordon, Lady, portrait of Sir J. Herschel, 202

Gould, Dr., solar cluster, 107, 215

Grahame, James, 149

Gravitation, extension of to stellar systems, 77, 148

Gregorian reflectors, 20, 29

Griesbach, Mrs., 10, 116;

her sons, 10, 28, 29

Halley, list of nebulæ, 19;

stellar motions, 77

Hamilton, Sir W. R., communications with J. Herschel, 146, 152, 158, 173, 188;

speech by, 182;

at Collingwood, 193;

quaternions, 194–5

Haydn, visit to Slough, 44

Heat-rays in solar spectrum, 95–6

Herschel, Alexander, assisted his brother, 13, 21, 27, 120;

accompanied him to Göttingen, 37;

supported by him, 51;

care for his sister, 118

Herschel, Professor Alexander, meteoric researches, 201

Herschel, Caroline, fetched to Bath, 15, 118;

help in speculum making, 15, 20, 124;

a singer, 21, 117, 119;

remarks, 25, 27, 34, 49;

letters from W. Herschel, 28, 29, 30, 129;

household cares, 32, 118, 121;

reminiscences, 35, 36, 37, 39, 48, 50, 68;

annuity, 51, 131;

birth and childhood, 115–16;

education, 115, 118, 121;

visits to London, 121, 127;

discoveries of nebulæ, 122;

of comets, 124–5, 139;

her brother’s assistant, 122–3, 125;

catalogues nebulæ, 123, 132;

Index to Flamsteed’s observations, 126;

royal attentions, 126, 127, 133, 135, 139;

anxiety about her brother’s health, 128–9;

return to Hanover, 130–1;

Gold Medals bestowed on, 132, 138;

joy in her nephew’s career, 134–5, 159;

his visits, 135–36, 159;

Recollections and Journals, 137, 138;

death, 139;

personality, 139–41;

anecdotes of J. Herschel’s childhood, 142;

his letters to her, 151, 152, 153, 162–3, 164, 175, 176, 187;

her portrait, 196;

her advice to him, 205

Herschel, Dietrich, 20–1, 51, 127–8, 130, 131

Herschel, Sir John, dismantling of great telescope, 43;

catalogues of nebulæ, 132, 155, 191–2;

visits to Hanover, 135–6, 151, 159–60, 184;

nebular observations, 136, 153, 154–7, 165–7;

Cape Expedition, 135, 159–2, 181–2;

birth and childhood, 142;

university career, 143–5;

medals awarded to, 145, 148, 149, 157, 187, 201;

work on double stars, 134, 146–48, 157;

method for computing orbits, 148–9;

general catalogue, 192;

ascents of Monte Rosa and Etna, 149–50;

explorations in Auvergne, 152;

experiments on solar radiation, 151–2, 179;

visit to Ireland, 152;

cometary observations, 153, 175–6, 180, 189;

telescopes, 153, 158, 164, 183;

discovery of star in Orion-trapezium, 158;

marriage, 159;

Feldhausen, 163, 180–1;

Cape climate, 164;

Magellanic Clouds, 165–6;

Argo nebula, 167;

Eta Argûs, 168–9;

globular clusters, 169–71, 213;

star-gauging, 171–2;

comets, 175–6;

stellar photometry, 177;

solar theory, 178–9, 211;

Saturnian satellites, 180;

magnetic work, 184, 189, 208;

constellational reform, 185;

removal to Collingwood, 186;

Cape Results, 186–7, 211–12;

President Astronomical Society, 188;

Master of the Mint, 190–1;

guests at Collingwood, 188, 193, 195;

sonnet, 194;

family life, 195–6;

death, 197;

powers and character, 198–201;

books, 205–8;

photographic experiments, 209–10;

nature of nebulæ, 212–14;

solar cluster, 215;

poetical performances, 216–18;

philosophy of discovery, 219

Herschel, Colonel John, examination of nebular spectra, 201

Herschel, Isaac, 9, 21, 115, 116

Herschel, Jacob, 116, 117, 128

Herschel, Lady, the elder, 44, 50, 152, 160

Herschel, Lady, the younger, 159, 192, 194, 201

Herschel, Sir William, birth, 9;

musical career, 10–16, 21, 26, 121;

telescope, making, 14–15, 17, 19, 20, 22;

thirty-foot, 26–8,

seven-foot, 28–9;

for sale, 33;

forty-foot, 34, 37, 38, 41–3, 49, 50, 100, 137, 210;

twenty-foot, 35–6, 40, 50;

front-view telescopes, 40, 41, 102, 153;

space-penetrating power of, 61, 98;

reviews of the heavens, 19, 20, 26, 35, 36, 42, 46;

early papers, 22–3;

discovery of Uranus, 24–5, 120;

observations of double stars, 26, 49, 55–6, 75;

interviews with the king, 28–30;

royal astronomer, 30, 32–3;

mode of observing, 30, 122;

discovery of Uranian satellites, 40, 93, 153;

of Saturnian satellites, 41, 43, 92;

marriage, 44;

aversion to poetry, 45–6;

interview with Bonaparte, 47;

observations of comets, 48, 94, 128–9;

failure of health, 49–50, 128–9;

death and character, 51;

construction of the heavens, 53–4, 60, 114;

star distances, 54–5, 57, 60–1, 64, 75;

star-gauging, 57–8, 113;

nature of the Milky Way, 57–9, 62–3;

chasms in, 68;

method of apertures, 61;

catalogues of nebulæ, 64;

varieties, 65;

island universes, 66–7, 72;

development, 67–8;

nebulous fluid, 69–70;

condensation into stars, 71–2, 109;

nebular distribution, 73;

discovery of binary stars, 76–7, 147;

transport of the solar system, 77, 80, 108;

stellar photometry, 80–2, 174–5;

theory of the sun, 83–6, 211;

sun spots and weather, 87–8;

observations of Venus, 88;

of Mars, 89;

of the asteroids, 90;

of Saturn, 91;

law of satellite-rotation, 92;

lunar volcanoes, 93;

detection of infra-red heat-rays, 95–7;

use of high powers, 101–2;

micrometers, 103;

photometric enumeration, 106;

solar cluster, 107–8;

diffused nebulosities, 110–11;

a founder of sidereal astronomy, 112

Herschel, Sir William J., 49, 136, 183, 201

Huggins, Dr., spectra of nebulæ, 109, 214;

of stars, 113

Humboldt, 133, 138, 170, 184

Huygens, improvement of telescopes, 17

Jacob, southern Milky Way, 172

Japetus, rotation of, 92

Jupiter, trade wind theory of, 91;

rotation of satellites, 93

Kapteyn, solar cluster, 107

Knipping, Mrs., 137, 138

Lacaille, southern nebulæ, 19

Langley, bolometer, 95;

atmospheric absorption, 152, 179

Laplace, 18, 47, 91, 201, 207

Lassell, Uranian satellites, 93;

reflectors, 99;

observation of Mimas, 180

Le Verrier, 187, 188

Lexell, orbit of Uranus, 24

Maclear, Sir Thomas, 162, 168, 176, 181

Magellan, Von, accounts of William and Caroline Herschel, 40, 122

Magellanic clouds, 165–6

Magnitudes, stellar, 81, 104–5, 177

Mars, analogy with the earth, 89

Maskelyne, 25, 29, 76

Mayer, Christian, satellite-stars, 75

Mayer, Tobias, solar translation, 77, 78

Michell, revolving stars, 75;

solar group, 107

Micrometer, lamp, 24, 103;

wire, 56, 103

Milky Way, rifts in, 50, 67–8, 173, 175, 215;

structure, 57–59, 62, 173–4, 214–15;

spectral peculiarity, 105;

distance, 106, 173, 214;

splendour in southern hemisphere, 172;

photographic portrayal, 174–5

Miller, Dr., 11, 12

Mitchell, Miss, visit to Collingwood, 195–6

Monck, stellar spectroscopic distribution, 107

Moon, mountains of, 22, 23;

volcanoes, 93–4.

Nasmyth, opinion of J. Herschel, 196–7;

solar willow leaves, 211

Nebula, Orion, 15, 43, 65, 70, 71, 110, 111, 153, 167, 214;

Dumb-bell, 157;

Argo, 167;

Andromeda, 214

Nebulæ, catalogues, 19, 64, 123, 132, 191–2;

discoveries, 35, 64, 122, 165;

nature, 66, 212–4;

development, 67, 69, 109–10;

distribution, 73, 214

Nebulæ, annular, 65, 157, 165

Nebulæ, double, 72, 156

Nebulæ, planetary, 65, 67, 71;

spectrum, 109;

satellites to, 155;

colour, 165

Nebulæ, rifted, 157

Nebular theory, 71–2, 109

Newton, law of gravitation, 17, 77;

reflectors, 20, 23;

mode of investigation, 23, 206

Olbers, origin of asteroids, 90;

comet of 1819, 129;

light extinction, 174;

visit from J. Herschel, 184

Orange, Prince of, enquiries at Slough, 39

Papendick, Mrs., remarks on William and Caroline Herschel, 39, 44, 125

Peacock, Dean, 143, 194, 203

Photography, of stellar spectra, 104, 107;

of nebulæ, 110–11, 113, 166–7;

star charting by, 113, 172, 199;

of clusters, 169–70, 171;

of solar spectrum, 209;

of sun-spots, 210

Photometric enumeration, 60, 106, 107, 114;

catalogues, 80

Photometry, stellar, 81, 104, 177;

photographic, 105

Piazzi, visit to Slough, 39, 150

Pickering, E. C. and W. H., photographs of Orion nebula, 111

Pouillet, solar radiation, 179

Pritchard, Dr., 143, 192, 201, 204

Proctor, star-drift, 108;

estimate of Sir J. Herschel, 199, 200;

correspondence with, 218

Ranyard, A. C., changes in nebulæ, 168;

clusters, 213

Roberts, Dr., photographs of nebulæ, 157, 165

Rosse reflector, 99, 212

Russell, H. C., photographs of Magellanic clouds, 166;

of Argo nebula, 167;

of Milky Way, 175

Saturn, artificial, 30;

satellites, 41, 43, 91, 92, 180;

rings, 91–2

Savary, stellar orbits, 148, 149

Schröter, 34, 84, 88–9

Secchi, 113, 211

See, Dr., double nebulæ, 156

Sirius, brilliancy, 42, 168;

standard star, 58, 61, 63, 80

Slough, W. Herschel’s residence at, 36, 44;

birthplace of J. Herschel, 142

Sniadecki, stay at Slough, 39

Solar cluster, 107, 215

Solar radiation, 151–2, 179

Somerville, Mrs., 132

South, Sir James, 146, 147, 149

Spectrum analysis, 84, 204, 209

Spencer, unity of sidereal system, 166

Stanley, Dean, on J. Herschel, 199

Star-clusters, 49, 59, 63, 67, 72, 169–71, 213

Star-gauging, 57–8, 113, 171–2

Stars, binary, 72, 156;

discovery, 76–7, 147;

orbits, 147–9

Stars, double, observations of, 55–6, 103, 146–8, 157;

colours, 56, 112, 156;

nebular relations, 155

Stars, distribution of, 58–9, 60, 73, 81, 106, 171–2

Stars, movements of, 77, 107–8

Stars, nebulous, 69, 70, 71

Stars, spectra of, 83, 105

Stars, spectroscopic binary, 104

Stars, temporary, 66–7

Stars, variable, 23, 81–2, 168–9

Stokes, Sir G., fluorescence, 210

Stone, Herschel’s assistant, 180

Struve, W., 148, 158, 188

Sun, translation, 77–80, 108;

vicissitudes, 82, 87, 88;

constitution, 83–6, 178–9, 211

Sussex, Duke of, 158

Telescopes, Improvement of, 17, 19, 20, 24–6, 33, 36, 98–100

Uranus, discovery of, 24–5, 26, 120;

satellites, 40, 93, 153

Watson, Sir W., 16, 22, 27, 30, 47, 124

Watt, James, 47

Whewell, Dr., unity of sidereal system, 76, 166;

friendship with J. Herschel, 145, 163, 191, 200;

tidal data, 181;

articles in Quarterly Review, 186, 205–6;

Geological Society, 189;

on optical enquiries, 203–4;

hexameters, 217

Wolf, Dr. Max, photographs of nebulæ, 111;

of Milky Way, 175

Wollaston, 145, 177

Worlds, inhabited, 85, 86, 89, 147.

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