INDEX.
Reading edition
A
Aborigines of Cape Horn, story of, 47 et seq.
"Adobe Money" depreciated, currency of Spanish-American nations, 279
Adventures in Patagonia, by Titus Coan, 154
Aguirre Bay (see Spaniard Harbour).
Akers, Mr. C. E., author of Argentine, Patagonian, and Chilian Sketches, 249
Alaculoof Indians, called Fuegians, 100; seen by early navigators, 128; home of, 134; described by early navigators, 134; story of aggressiveness of, 134 et seq.; R. C. Mission to, 136
Alaska, reference to colony of outlaws in, 67
Albatross, white, seen off Staten Island, 141; enormous specimens of, in Patagonia, 209; eaten by early navigators, 209; superstition of sailors concerning, 209
Allen Gardiner (see Mission schooner).
Alluvial banks of Cape Horn region, 7-21, 295; beds of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, 64, 125; cliffs of New Gulf, 171, 268
American lion (see Panther).
Andes, break in the, in Patagonia, at Gallegos River, 125, 282; in Tierra del Fuego, from San Sebastian to Useless Bay, 125
Animals, found in Patagonia, 184 et seq., 194-200; of the desert, able to live without water, 200
Anson, Admiral, description of land of the Yahgans by, 49
Ansorge, Herr Bruno, gold miner at Paramo, 14; found bit of gold ore, 22; member of singing club, 267
Antarctic Highlanders (see Yahgans).
Archipelago of Cape Horn, 47
Arctic, S. S., wrecked on Cape Virgin, 6
Arenas, Punta (see under Punta).
Argentine, Capital (see Ushuaia).
Argentine, Government sends engineer to gold region of Patagonia, 7; establishes settlement at Ushuaia, fearing Chilian encroachment, 101 et seq., 108; grants land to Mr. Bridges, 121; transport Ushuaia sails for Staten Island, 138 (see Ushuaia); generous to Welsh colonists, 174 et seq.; depressed condition of currency of, 221; hospitality shown on pampas of, 256; naval transports of, 260; great consumption of maté in, 271; prepares Santa Cruz as base of operations, 276; Lake, traces of gold at, 278; land system discourages small owners, 280; connected with other lakes by navigable channels, 280; population on border line of, friendly to Chili, 282; difficulty of obtaining justice in, 282
Argentine, Patagonian, and Chilian Sketches, by Mr. C. E. Akers, 249
Armadillo, prey of panther, 195; two varieties of, 198; interesting habits of, 198 et seq.; methods of killing snakes, 199; delicious article of food, 199; not found south of Santa Cruz River, 199; grubs for worms, 199; methods of catching mice, 199; robs nests, 199; suggestion as to importation of, into United States, 200
Arms, Mr., sent to Patagonia with Rev. Mr. Coan, 154
Asado, or beef roasting, by gauchos, 229
Asses' Ears, point of New Island, 16, 17
Axes, of Yahgans, shell, 57-59 (see Yahgans).
B
Baccarat, favorite game in Punta Arenas, 44
Backhausen, Herr Carlos, gold miner at Paramo, 14
Bala College, 169
Banner Cove (see Picton Island).
Baptists at Frondrey, 177
Barrancas, vertical earth banks, 21; perpendicular alluvial banks, 295
Bars, number of licensed, in Punta Arenas, 40
Beagle Channel, Ushuaia in, 15; ranch of Mr. Bridges on, 62; milder climate of, 117; charming scenery, 117; profits of ranching on, 119, 122; market for products, 120, 138
Beech, Antarctic, trees of Fuegian Islands, 50
Beer made at Quilmes, 244
Bell snake, gaucho term for rattlesnake, 246
Benfield, Mr. Theo., story of wonderful find by, 21 et seq.
Berberis, berry of thorn bush, 76; medicinal decoction of, 134
Big Feet, name given to Tehuelches, 173
Birds, of Patagonia, 201-214; interesting to sportsmen, 206; interesting to naturalists, 208; in North Patagonia migrate farther south, 210; thirteen Arctic varieties of, migrate to Patagonia, 210; and insects, 173
Bolas, weapons used by Ona Indians, 59; "the lost," used by Tehuelche Indians, 164; used in hunting panthers, 194; how to make them, 235; how to use them, 235; effective weapons, 235
Bongos, canoes of Bay of Panama, 55
Bougainville, M., 150; French explorer, 260
Bows and arrows, weapons of Onas, 129, 296; weapons of Tehuelches, 164, 296
Brecknock Pass, 15
Bridges, Rev. Thomas, describes Yahgan canoes, 55; compiles grammar of Yahgan language, 62; descriptions of Yahgan character, 66; descriptions of Yahgan cooking, 76; first arrival at Keppel Island, 85; learns Yahgan language, 87; becomes a missionary, 90; labors among Yahgans, 91; reports condition of Ushuaia, 93 et seq.; method of solving Hidugalahgoon's matrimonial troubles, 94; picture of life at the station, 97; turns ranchman, 118; home of, on Beagle Channel, 118; family of, 119; profits of ranching, 119; how ranch was obtained, 120; extract of lecture in Buenos Ayres, 121; charges against, 122; land of, belonged to Yahgans, 124; safe journey of, through Ona country, 133
Buenos Ayres, excitement in, over gold discoveries, 8; Mr. Bridges lectures in, 120; Mentions of, "the Athens of South America," 248, 252; Ushuaia starts from, 261; hard biscuit of, 275; Ushuaia returns to, 299
Bunch Grass, 178; seed, 157; eaten by Indians and gauchos, 238
Burleigh, Rev. Mr., at mission station, Tekenika Bay, 104
Button, Jemmy, a Yahgan, taken to England by Darwin, 62; goes to Keppel Island, 85; conduct towards his fellows, 99
C
Cabbages, size of, at Ushuaia, 115; grown at Punta Arenas, 289
Cape Horn (see Horn).
Cape Virgin (see Virgin).
Canoes of Yahgans, 54-57
Caramba, use of the word, 231
Caranchos, species of vulture, 162; abundant, 212; aid panther hunters, 213
Carmen de Patagones, Spanish colony on Rio Negro, 152; paid tribute to natives, 152
Cattle and sheep raising conducive to over-hospitality, 254 et seq.
Celery, wild, found in Fuego, a delicate vegetable, 49
Centenera, Del Barco, Spanish writer, 192
Channels, labyrinthian, of Cape Horn, 25
Cheenah, Indian squaw, 147 et seq.
Chico River, 280
Chili, takes possession of Port Famine and the Straits of Magallanes, 27; renames Port Famine, 28; depressed condition of currency of, 221; justice to be had in, 282
Chiloé, island of, 4
Chisels, wooden, 59 (see Yahgans).
Chubut, Welsh colony settled at, 168; hardships of colony at, 171 et seq.; foes of the desert, 173; area and population of, 177; railroad constructed from, to New Gulf, 179, 269; Welsh colony of, 252; tramp element in Welsh colony of, 256
Chubut River, 33, 168, 173
Chwaites, II. V., Captain of the Ushuaia, 263, 285; a fine sportsman, 288; hunting guanacos with bolas, 288
Clark, Mr. William, ranchman at Gallegos, 225, 256 et seq.
Climate of Cape Horn region, 23; of Punta Arenas, 46, 91; of land of Yahgans, 49, 53; 12° below zero the coldest, 52; of Gallegos, peculiarity of, 286
Coan, Rev. Mr. Titus, theological student, 154; sent to Patagonia, 154; experiences in, 154; author of Adventures in Patagonia, 154; found runaway sailors among Tehuelches, 258
Cockburn Channel, 15, 47; scenery of, 298
Colonia de Magallanes, La, or Port Famine, 27; nicknamed Sandy Point, 28 et seq.; penal colony established at, 28; prison burned, 33
Colony, Welsh (see under Welsh).
Condors, size of, 212; aids to panther hunters, 213
Cook, Captain, describes land of the Yahgans, 49; wild celery, 49; sailors of, find albatross good eating, 209; early navigator, 260
Coots found on Chubut River, 173
Cordilleras, wild cattle hunting in, 31; snow-capped peaks of, 34, 224; Gallegos River rises in, 282
Cormorants found in Patagonia, 208
Coypu, hunted for fur, good eating, 197; aquatic 'possum, or species of beaver, 197; peculiar formation of, 197
Cripple Creek, 140
Cruz, Santa, River (see under Santa).
Cuerpo de Bomberos, gambling club in Punta Arenas, 44
Curios to be found in Patagonia, 43, 293-297
Currency of Argentina and Chili, depressed condition of, 221; value of gold and paper, 222
D
Darwin, Sound, 15; Mt., peak of coast range on Tierra del Fuego, 47
Darwin, Charles, the naturalist, describes Yahgans, 62; takes Jemmy Button to England, 62; explores Santa Cruz River, 169; opinion of Patagonia, 183; misstatements concerning guanacos, 185; mentions black-faced Ibises, 211
Dandelions thrive in the desert, 157
Deer, found in forests of Andes, 198; destroy desert snakes, 198
Denominational churches in Welsh colony, 177
Deserts of Patagonia, 157; inhospitable region, 157; springs far apart, 157; well adapted to guanacos and ostriches, 157; foes of the, 173; bushes of the, 183, 232; snakes of, destroyed by deer, 198; similar to desert regions of United States, 199; armadilloes thrive in, 199; animals of, able to live without water, 200; ostrich hunting in, 204 et seq.; silence of the, 212, 232; fascination of, 227, 232; sparrow of the, 232
Desire, Port (see under Port).
Desolation Bay, 15
Diaz, Don Rui, Spanish Captain, 192
Dido, S. S., sent to Spaniard Harbour, 84
Dragon fly, called "the son of the southwest gale," 246
Ducks, uncounted hosts at Cape Horn, 75; enormous quantities at Staten Island, 140; near Chubut, 173; prey of panther, 195; curiosity of wild, 206; shooting too easy, 206; quantities of, in interior, 207; favorite breeding places, 208; curious air dance of, 212; color and curiosity of, off Santa Cruz, 288
Dugouts, canoes used in Caribbean Sea, 55
E
Eggs, methods of gathering, 68; methods of cooking, 76, 238; panthers eat, 195; ostrich, 202; size of ostrich, 238
Elephants formerly existed in Patagonia, 157
Elizabeth Island, sheep thrive on, 31
El Paramo (see Paramo).
Endeavor, Captain Cook's ship, 209
Eskimos, Yahgans compared with, 49
Extradition treaty between Chili and Argentine of little value, 286
F
Fables of Tehuelches, 159 (see Tehuelches).
Falkland Islands, 27, 150, 222
Famine, Port (see under Port Famine).
Farina, a ground root, 222
Fauna of Patagonia, 68, 75, 76, 83, 140, 157, 173, 183, 184 et seq., 194 et seq., 198-200, 206 et seq., 212, 288
Felis Concolor (see Panther).
Ferns, 45
Figue, Adolph and Louis, merchants at Ushuaia, 22, 115, 297
Fish, native methods of catching, 59, 60; sea filled with, 75, 83
Fitzroy, Captain, 67, 73, 81
Flints and agates abound in the Ona country, 132
Flora of Patagonia, 11, 43, 45, 49, 50, 68, 75, 76, 83, 115, 157, 178, 183, 200, 222, 238, 289
Flores Island, quarantine station of Uruguay, 228
Flowers in great profusion in Punta Arenas, 45
Fossil, mastodon's jaw, 21; of opossum, kangaroo, and monkey, 64; in Tierra del Fuego, 125; of glyptodon, 201, 295
Fox, gray, flourishes in Patagonia, 198
"Friend of Man," gaucho term for panther, 246
Frondrey, village of, 177
Fruits, small, 76
Fuegians (see Alaculoof).
Fuegian Islands, mountains of, 50
Fuego, Tierra del, 7; placer gold found on, 1, 7, 22; explored by Popper, 9; Bay of Port Pantaloons in, 17; peaks of coast range on, 47; magnificent vegetation of, 49; prairies of, 124; climate and fertility of, 124; size and shape of island, 125; contrast to Patagonia, 125; bones of animals found in, 125; rainfall and frosts of, 125; sheep raising introduced into, 126; the industry spreads, 127; three Argentine stations in, 127; origin of name, 128; ships wrecked on, 254; Ona Indians of, 296; scenery through channels of, 298
Fungus, yellow, vegetable food, 75, 157; eaten by Indians and gauchos, 238
Fuschias, 45
Future Bay, near Punta Arenas, 10
G
Gable Island, in Beagle Channel, 62; sheep ranch of Mr. Bridges on, 118
Gallegos, successful sheep raising in, 216; ranchmen at, 224 et seq.; description of ranchmen, 225; game of cards, corn kernels for chips, 225; ordinance against tramps in, 255; the capital of Santa Cruz territory, 281; location of, 281; buildings of, like a Yankee mining camp 283; good cattle country back of, 283; placer gold mines along coast south of, 283; size of the capital city, 283; unattractive appearance of, 283; every store a hotel, 284; hotels compared with those of Mexico, 284; queer boarding-house in, 284 et seq.; Doña Philomela, the hostess, 284; occasional arrests and trials in, 286; government officials of, 286; Captain of Police in, a cripple, 286; peculiar climate of, 286; high winds in, 286; winter the pleasantest season, 287
Gallegos River, 14, 16; probably a strait in former ages, 125; volcanic mountain peak south of, 157; parrots found at the heads of, 213; population between Santa Cruz River and, friendly to Chili, 282; rises in Cordilleras near Pacific Ocean, 282; size of, 282; navigable, 282; lava beds, 282 et seq.; perfect pasture land along, 283; lands south, filled with shepherds, 283; lack of fuel on north side of, 283; Captain Chwaites hunts the guanaco with bolas, 288
Galletas, bullet-like loaves of bread, 241
Gardiner, Captain Allen Francis, R. N., first missionary to Fuegian Indians, 80; attempt to live among Yahgans fails, 81; fits out launches in England and returns to Tierra del Fuego, 82
Gauchos, or cowboys, 33; methods of fox hunting, 198; methods of ostrich hunting, 205; methods of hunting prairie chickens, 208; definition of the word, 228; resemble Nantucket whalers, 229; peculiar dress of, 230; in the wilderness, 231; reasons for becoming 233; wild life fascinating to all men, 233 et seq.; blankets and fur robes used by, 233, 235; the ways and manners of, 234; dress of, 234; outfit of, inexpensive, 234; weapons of, 235; methods of fighting, 236; wild life of, 236 et seq.; usual breakfast of, 236 et seq.; superb riders, 237; method of cooking ostrich eggs, 238; fat of panther most satisfying food, 238; appetite of, 238 et seq.; meat diet alone not satisfying, 238; as seen by travellers, 239; ways of spending money, 239; enjoyment of "jags," 239; pride of, 240; dangerous to insult, 240; etiquette of smoking, 240; branding cattle, 241; powers of endurance, 241; description of house of, 242; manner of eating, 242 et seq.; home life of, 243; amusements of, 243; cheating at cards counted a mark of superior skill by, 243; description of saloons, 244; native drinks, 244 et seq.; liquor glasses, 244; etiquette of drinking, 245; maté tea making, 245; character of, 246 et seq.; terms and sayings of, 246 et seq.; religion of, 247; compared with North American cowboys, 247 et seq.; enjoyment of life, 248
Geese, myriads of, 75; prey of panther, 195; beautiful colors of wild, 207; two varieties of wild, 207; good sport, 207; favorite breeding places of, 208
Gente Grande Bay, rich pastures of, 126; introduction and spread of sheep raising in, 126 et seq.
Glyptodons, fossil remains of, 201
Gold, first discoveries of, on Patagonian coast, 1-5; sailors wrecked at Cape Virgin, 4; story of, 5; bearing banks of Cape Horn region, 7; rich finds of, at New Island, 16 et seq.; at Port Pantaloons, 17; marvellous quality of, at Sloggett Bay, 20; peculiar difficulties of mining in Sloggett Bay, 21; on New Year's Island, 150; found in Welsh colony, 178; traces of, at Lake Argentine, 278
Gold diggings, story of, 2-4, 7; at Cape Virgin worked out, 10; further explorations, 10; at Paramo, richness of, 12 et seq.; supply renewed after storms and spring tides, 13; ore found in a bit of drift rock, 22; no quartz veins in Cape Horn region, 22; miners at work between Gallegos and Cape Virgin, 283; dust obtained at Punta Arenas and Ushuaia, 297
Gnats (see Punkies).
Grand Chaco forests of the Argentine, 228
Greenwood, Mr. W. H., 193
Grey, Mr. H., Yankee merchant, 30
Grubb, Mr. W. Balbrooke, school teacher at Keppel Island, 88
Guanaco, hunted, 31; red-haired, 51; modified camel, 64, 75; how hunted by Onas, 129; first view of, 184; habits of, 184; description of, 184 et seq.; Darwin's observations of, 185, 186; curious habits of, 185, 186, 189; wallowing places of, 187; methods of self-defence, 187; vast herds of, 188; sense of smell and curiosity of, 188, 195; sure footed, 189; pleasing pets when young, 189; flesh good eating, 190; mainstay of Indian, 190; hides valuable, 190; price of skins of, 190; medicinal quality of ball in stomach of, 190; the staple food of panther, 195; beautiful fur of, 293; skins used for beds, 294; price of skins of, 294
Gulf of St. George, 293
Gulls of Cape Horn, 75; tiny species off Staten Island, 141; called Cape Horn pigeon, 208
Guy Mannering wrecked off Staten Island, 144
H
Hamilton, James, D.D., Memoir of Richard Williams, by, 84; John, 215; sheep raiser in Patagonia, 280
Hansen, Harry, gold prospector, 15
Hermit Island, gold-bearing banks on, 7; a few Yahgans left on, 72, 78
Hidugalahgoon, matrimonial difficulties of, 94
Hope, Point, in Alaska, 77
Horn, Cape, gold-bearing banks on, 7; first view of mine camp at, 9; miners of, 24; labyrinthian channels of region of, 25; metropolis of, 27; archipelago, 47; story of aborigines of, 47 et seq.; mission, 79; region, snow storms every month in the year, 91, 125; pigeons, species of gull, 208; beauty of pigeons, 209; Indians of, eat penguins, 209
Horse meat, great delicacy to Onas and Tehuelches, 129
Hospitality, unbounded, in the Argentine pampas and Patagonia ranches, 256
Hudson, Mr. W. H., author of Naturalist in La Plata,186
Hummingbirds, 214
I
Ibañez (Gregorio), Don, Argentine sailor, wrecked on Cape Virgin, 4; finds gold, 5
Ibises, black-faced, song and dance of, 211 et seq.
Indians, attack explorers at San Sebastian Bay, 11; trade with, 43; squaw in tailor-made gown, 44; three tribes of, in Cape Horn Archipelago, 74 et seq.; nomads of Patagonia (see Tehuelche), 151 et seq.; make use of all parts of guanacos, 190; of Patagonia eat skunks, 198; make pets of skunks, 198; of Cape Horn region eat penguins, 209; vegetable food of, 238
Insects, varieties of, 173, 183
Iron ore found on one island only, 76
J
Jones, Mr. Lewis, 169
Jones, Dr. Michael, founder of Welsh colony at Chubut, 169; wishes to perpetuate Welsh language, 181; Spanish the language of the Argentine, 182
Journey, alongshore in Cape Horn region, 15; begun, 260 et seq.; departure from Buenos Ayres, 261; life on board Ushuaia, 261-268; prevailing winds, 268; arrival at New Gulf, 268; attractive telegraph operator, 269; en route for Port Desire, 269; captain's confidence, 270; view of Port Desire disappointing, 270; description of Port Desire, 271; visit to the Sub-Prefect, 273; dinner with a ranchman, 275; arrival at Santa Cruz, 276; town consists of nine buildings, 277; plan of city, 278; arrival at Gallegos, 281; unattractiveness of Gallegos, 283 et seq.; one clean hotel, 284; introduced to Gov. Mayer, 285; discomforts on the Ushuaia, 288-291; interesting curios to be collected, 293-297; return to Buenos Ayres, 299; pleasant memories of, 300; (see also under Staten Island).
K
Kangaroo, petrified remains of, 64, 157
Kayaks, canoes of Eskimos, 55
Keppel Island, mission station established on, 85; preparatory school of the mission, 87
Kevalinyes, the, of Point Hope, 67
King, Mr., describes magnificent vegetation in land of Yahgans, 49
Knives, weapons of Tehuelches, 164; price of, used by gauchos, 235; useful at meal times, 242; murderous weapons, 248; size of, 275
L
Lagoons of Rio Gallegos, 211
Lake Nehuel-Huapi, 164
Land of Yahgans, 49-52
Lapwings, spurwinged, dance quadrilles, 210; description of the dancing, 210 et seq.
Lassoes, used by Tehuelches and gauchos, 164; description of, horsehair rope, 235
Lava beds at Santa Cruz, 217
Lawrence, Rev. John, Yahgan canoes described by, 55, 78; children of, continue mission work, 104 et seq.
Le Maire, Straits of, 15; Ushuaia in, 138; strong currents, and tide rips in, 139
Lennox Island, gold-bearing banks on, 7; same formation of bank and beach as at Cape Virgin, 16; harbour, 85
Lezama, Don Gregorio, organizes expedition to gold diggings, 8
Lichens, 45
Lignite, found in Punta Arenas, 42; found in Welsh colony, 178
Lista, Don Ramon, Argentine explorer and writer, 4, 120; collects Tehuelche tales, 159
Literati of Yahgan tribe, 65
Locusts, pests of the desert, 173
Lucia, Stephen, 94
M
Madryn, Welsh town in Patagonia, 180; on New Gulf, 251; captain of the port of, 251
Magellan's search for shorter route to Spice Islands, 2; visited St. Julian Harbor in Patagonia, 151, 260
Magellan, Straits of, placer gold in streams flowing into, 22; bleak pictures of, given by early navigators, 34; Cape Horn Archipelago south of, 47; Chilian possessions in, 276; narrows in, 297
Magnolia trees, size of, in Fuegian Islands, 50
Maidment, Mr., catechist, 82
Maldonada, Señorita, story of, and panther, 192
Mammals, 83
"Mañana country," Spanish American nations so called, 279
Manufacturing industries of Punta Arenas, 42
Maria, Santa (see under Santa).
Marriages of Yahgans (see Yahgans).
Marshall, storekeeper at Chubut, 178
Maté, wild tea of Paraguay, 237; drinking, 245 et seq. (see Gaucho); great consumption of, in Argentine, 271; meat and drink to Patagonians, 272
Mayer, Edelmiro, Governor of Patagonian territory of Santa Cruz, 215; large land owners along Santa Cruz and Chico rivers, 280; Governor of Gallegos, 285; description of home of, 285; devoted to music and literature, 285; wife of, 286; commanded a negro regiment in War of the Rebellion, 286; helped Mexicans overthrow Maximilian, 286
Mesa, plains of Patagonia, 183, 187
Meteorological condition of islands, 51
Methodists at Rawson, 177
Minas, Las, creek near Punta Arenas, 4; gold found in large quantity, 5; enormous nuggets, 6
Mine camps at Paramo and Ushuaia small affairs, 23, 24
Miners of Cape Horn, headquarters of, at Punta Arenas, 24; cost of outfit of, 24.
Misery, Mount, on Navarin Island, 51
Mission school at Keppel Island, 89; first station of Cape Horn, 79; on Beagle Channel, 89, 100; growth of, 100 et seq.
Mission, schooner, Allen Gardiner, 89; built in England, 85; commanded by Capt. W. P. Snow, 85; steamship to replace schooner, 100; Roman Catholic, established near San Sebastian Bay, 133; in country of the Alaculoofs, 136
Missionaries, to Yahgans, spiritual teachings of, 66, 71, 99; land at Picton Island, 82; miserable death of, 85; second party of, arrive at Keppel Island, 85; some murdered by Yahgans, 86; are reinforced, 87 et seq.; station at Ushuaia founded, 89; Mr. Bridges in charge, 90 et seq.; material teachings of, 90-98; extracts from records of, 93-100, 102, 103; natives receive scant pay from, 95 et seq.; unhappy transformation of tribe into laborers, 101 et seq.; tribe dies out, 105; Mr. Bridges turns ranchman, 118 et seq.; sell clothing sent to be given to Indians, 122; opportunities for trade, 123; reasons for so doing, 123; salaries of, 123
Missiones, 229
Mojave, desert of, 23
Monkeys, fossil remains of, 64.
Morrell, Captain Benjamin, tales of aborigines by, 153 et seq.
Mosquitoes numerous in Patagonia, 173, 183
Mount Misery (see Misery).
Mount Sarmiento (see Sarmiento).
Mountains, snow-capped, 23; possible gold veins in, 23; difficulties of ascent of, 23; precipitous, of Fuegian Islands, 50; covered with forests of beech and magnolias, 50; sea mosses above tree line, 51; eternal snows, 51
Mouse, prey of panther, 195
Mouse-bird (see desert sparrow).
Musters, George Chaworth, Commander, 4
N
Naturalist in La Plata, by Mr. W. H. Hudson, 186
Navarin Island, gold-bearing banks on, 7; rolling hills, meadows and groves on, 51; murder of some of the missionaries on, 86; climate near, 117
Negro, Rio, Spanish colony, 152 (see Carmen de Patagones); parrots found in region of, 213; valley and ranches of, 250, 254, 256
Nehuel-Huapi, Lake, apple orchards on, 164
New Gulf, in Patagonia, Welsh land at, 170; plenty of gypsum at, 172; first view of Patagonian tramp at Madryn on, 251; Ushuaia arrives at, 268; first view of, 268; attractive telegraph operator in, 269
New Island, gold-bearing banks on, 7; extraordinary finds at, 16 et seq.
New Year's Island, north of Staten Island, 18, 140; gold on, 148, 150
Nomads of Patagonia, the Tehuelches, 151 et seq.
Nugget weighing 300 grammes found at Las Minas, 6
O
Ocean Queen, S. S., 82
Ona Indians, of Tierra del Fuego, 59; weapons and implements of, 59, 60; efforts to civilize and teach them sheep raising, 126; flock to ranch, but steal sheep at night, 126; a distinct race, 127; children used as servants in Argentine Government families, 127; cause of name Tierra del Fuego, 128; land tribe, 128; slight mention of, by early explorers, 128; same origin as Tehuelches, 129; fine runners, 129; have no boats, but are found in Patagonia, 129; have no horses, 129; weapons of, 129; language of, harsh, 129, 132; food of, 129; methods of hunting, 129; homes of, 130; no lack of intelligence, 130; migratory habits, 130; beard plucking, 131; personal appearance of, 131; habits of, 131; capacity for food, 131 et seq.; methods of lighting fires, 132; making of weapons, 132; religious beliefs of, unknown, 132; cruelty of, towards whites, 132; cannibals, 133; medicinal remedy discovered by, 134; glass arrow-heads of, 296; frequent fights with shepherds and gold diggers of Tierra del Fuego, 296
Oomiaks, canoes of Eskimos, 55
Opossum, fossil remains of, 64; thrives in treeless Patagonia, 196; does not lose climbing instinct, 196; family of, transported to a plantation with trees, 196; different species of, 197
Ostriches, fossil remains of, 64, 201; desert peculiarly adapted to, 157; prey of panther, 195; foes of, 201; two kinds of, in Patagonia, 201; angular gait of, 201; not such fools as reported, 202; hiding their heads in the sand a real safeguard, 202; color of sand and desert bushes, 203; reasons for survival of, 202; flies and grasshoppers the food of, 202; nest built by male, 202; brood cared for by male, 202; danger signal of male, 202; learn habits of their hunters, 203; easily domesticated, 204; will flock to a place of safety from great distances, 204; hunting, glorious sport, 204; appearance of different varieties when pursued, 204 et seq.; will run from a gun two miles away, 204; savage traits of the cocks, 204; Indian method of capturing, 205; appearance of white one at Carmen de Patagones, 206; taken with the bolas, 205; eggs and flesh of, good eating, 206; value of feathers of, 239
Otten, Fred, 6
Otters found at Cape Horn, 75
Outlaws, colony of, on Siberian coast, 67
P
Panther, also called American lion, 173; description of, 190 et seq.; characteristics of, 191 et seq.; story of a, 191 et seq.; hunting, 193; war of extermination against, 193; habits of, when pursued, 193; et seq.; how eaten in Patagonia, 194; hunting habits of the, 194; food of, 195; wiliness of, 195; wanton destructiveness of, 195; instinctive dislike to dogs, 196; charming household pet, 196; fat most satisfying food of the desert, 238
Paramo, El, meaning of name, 9; founded by Popper, 9; first mine camp established at, 9; arrival of supplies for camp at, 11; description of camp, 12; grassy plains and treeless hills, 12; richness of gold bed on beach at, 12 et seq.; gold bed renewed by storms, 13; methods of washing gold, 14; land in, controlled by German-Argentine corporation, 14; Argentine military station, 127
Parrots, fossil remains of, 157; found in forests of Andes, 213
Partridge, prey of panther, 190
Patagonia, 2; description of, 5; engineer sent to, by Argentine Government, 7; thousand miles of gold vein on coast of, 15; nomads of, 151 et seq.; desert east of Andes, 152; Jesuits plant apples in, 152; Spanish colonies attempted, 152; Mr. Coan and Mr. Arms in, 154; condition of, in 1865, 169; grant of land in, to Welsh, 169; Welsh pilgrims land at New Gulf, 169 et seq.; winter season in, 170; dreary surroundings of Welsh colonists in, 170 et seq.; gypsum and alkali, 171; Welsh colonists make homes, 172; "Big Feet," 173 (see Tehuelches); transportation difficult, 179; railway constructed, 179; new towns, 179; railway prospered, 180; railway building not expensive, 181; zoölogy of, 183; natives of, consume fat like Eskimos, 194; panther an esteemed article of diet in, 194; home of panthers and 'possums, 196; interesting characteristics of zoölogy of, 200; resembles desert regions of United States, 200; varieties of animals found in, 194-200; desert animals of, able to live without water, 200; birds of, 201 et seq.; birds interesting to sportsmen, 206 et seq.; birds interesting to naturalists, 208 et seq.; thirteen Arctic varieties of birds migrate to, 210; birds of north, migrate farther south, 210; silence of desert, 212; sheep raising successful in, 216; stories of successful ranchmen in, 216; well watered, 219; description of a ranch in, 222; ranchmen of, 226; extent of prairie and desert region in, 228; description of prairies and deserts, 232; wild horses of the plains of, 236; tramps in, 250; trackless deserts of, 250; hospitality in ranches of, 256; astonishing number of tramps in, 259; natives of, prefer maté to all else, 272; Santa Cruz the planned metropolis of, 278; Gallegos the capital of, 279; settlements small, but slow healthy growth, in, 287; healthful region, 287; most valuable product of native industry, 293; squaws make guanaco skin robes, 294; weave guanaco hair into blankets, 294; scenery along coast of, 297; fascination of the desert, 297
Penguins, numerous, 75; rapid movements of, 141; fly through water, 209; not eaten by Patagonians, 209; eagerly pursued by Cape Horn Indians, 209
Phillips, Mr. Garland, catechist, 85, 86
Philomena, Doña, boarding-house keeper in Gallegos, 284
Picton Island, missionaries landed at Banner Cove in, 82; story of failure to establish mission on, 82 et seq.; death of missionaries, 84; relief ship arrives at, 84
Pigeons, Cape Horn, species of gull, 141; description of, 208 et seq.
Placer gold diggings on Patagonian coast, 3; gold found in all the streams of Tierra del Fuego, 22; gold mines along coast south of Gallegos, 283
Plate River, 228, 261, 290
Poco Tiempo, land of Spanish-American nations, 279
Point Hope, in Alaska, 67
Poncho, Indian blanket worn by gauchos, 234; woven by Indian squaws, 294; not equal in beauty to work of Indians of Guatemala, 294; used for wraps and saddle blankets, 294
Popper, Herr Julius, founder of El Paramo, 9; murder of, 10; describes Punta Arenas, 46; finds gold in San Sebastian Bay, 120
Port Desire, on Patagonian coast, 27; Spanish colony, 152; volcanic bluffs at, 157; discovered by Cavendish, 169; ibises of, 211; condors of, 212; ancient resort of pirates, 269; view of, disappointing, 270; Tower Rock, 270; description of, 271; life in, 271 et seq.; no lack of food in, 271; luxuries depend upon visits of transports, 271 et seq.; story of sub-prefect of, 272; story of Lieut. Wilson's servant, 273; life of naval officers in, 273; ruins of Spanish fort in, 274; visit to home of a ranchman, 274; interesting dinner, 275
Port Famine, ancient port, 27; Chili took possession of, 27; penal colony of Chili, 28; buildings of, destroyed by convicts, 28; colony re-established farther north, 28
Port Pantaloons, Bay of, on Tierra del Fuego, 17; description of scenery at, 17; gold found at, 17
Port St. Julian, Spanish colony, 152
Potatoes, at Ushuaia, 115; at Punta Arenas, 289
Potro boots, worn by gauchos, 234
Prairie chickens, easily unnerved by noise, 208; simulate death, 208; often frightened to death, 208; two varieties of, 208; good shooting and eating, 208; home of, 208
Prairie dog, prey of panther, 196
Prospectors, gold, difficulties of, 15, 23; model of sloop of, 24; food supply of, 25; long absences of, 25
Puchero, beef stew, on the Ushuaia, 262
Puerta San Juan del Salvamiento (see St. John Bay), 143
Puma, foe of the ostrich, 201
Punkies, gnats, 183
Punta Arenas, or Sandy Point, 2; Commander Musters stops at, 4; Don Ramon Lista visits, 4; inhabitants excited by gold discoveries, 6; supply station for sealing schooners, 7; headquarters of gold miners, 24; story of foundation of, 27 et seq.; development of colony of, 29 et seq.; elements of growth, 30; industry of sheep raising begun, 31; mutiny in, 32 et seq.; miserable end of mutineers, 33; latitude of, 33; arrival of Ushuaia at, 33; appearance of, in May, 33, 34; description of town, 34 et seq.; gambling and dance houses, 36 et seq.; government of Chili nominally republican, but ruled by army, 39, 40; bars in, 40; description of women in, 40; sidewalks in, 40; Governor's residence, 41; scenery about, 41; coal discovered in, 42; brick making in, 42; possibilities of, 43; region rich in tan bark, 43; trade with Indians, 43; goods delivered by sailboats, 43; Indian squaws make rugs, baskets, etc., in, 44; Cuerpo de Bomberos gambling club in, 44; profusion of flowers in, 45; population of, 45; future prosperity of, 46; profits of sheep raising in, 219; fate of escaped convicts from, 213; tramps from, 254; vegetables grown in, 282, 289; price of guanaco-skin robes in, 293; curios to be found at, 295 et seq.; gold dust obtained at, 297; scenery south of, 298
Q
Quillango, fur robe, 233; worn by gauchos, 235
Quilmes, near Buenos Ayres, 244
R
Railroad from New Gulf to Chubut, 179, 180, 269
Rails, song and dance of the long-legged, 211
Ranch, on Beagle Channel, 117; dinner at, at Santa Cruz, 223
Ranchman, marriage of, to Tehuelche girl, 224; divorce, 224; income of, 226; restraints of civilization unbearable to, after wild life of the deserts, 226
Rawson, capital, 172, 177
Records of missionary life and training at Keppel, 87 et seq.
Religion of Yahgans, 70 et seq.
Reynard, Mr. H. L., introduces sheep raising into Punta Arenas, 31
Rio Gallegos (see Gallegos).
Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, 228
Rio Negro, Spanish colony (see Carmen de Patagones).
Rio Santa Cruz (see Santa Cruz).
Roca's expeditions against Tehuelches, 156, 276
Roedorn, Count Richard of, passenger on Ushuaia, 267
Rufous (see Prairie chicken).
Rugs of otter, seal, and swan's down, 296
Rum cheap in the Argentine, 244
S
Sagebrush and swamps found at San Sebastian Bay, 11
St. George, Gulf of, 293
St. John Bay, 15; Harbor, 138; Cape of, 139; description of tide rip at entrance of, 142; Government post established in 1884, 143; Government post of Staten Island to support lighthouse, 143; governor's residence, 144 et seq.; description of lighthouse, 146; story of runaway sailor boy, 146-148
St. Julian harbor, 151
St. Lawrence Bay, 67
Salt fields on Rio Negro, 152, 157
Sandy Point (see Punta Arenas)
San Sebastian Bay, placer gold found at, 10; gold seekers attacked by Indians, 11; no running water near gold layers, 11; gold found by Popper, 120; break in Andes at, 125
Santa Cruz, guanaco cemetery at, 186; Gallegos, capital of territory of, 215; amount of profitable land in, 217; amount of worthless land in, 217; price of sheep in, 218; 800,000 sheep in, 287; future prosperity of, 287; fine sheep ranch near city of, 222; description of house on sheep ranch near, 223; passengers to, 262; Ushuaia arrives at, 276; Weddell's Bluff, 276; presidio, or barracks, 276; to be used as base of operations in case of trouble with Chili, 276; profitable sheep raising in, 276; town consisted of nine buildings, 277; deserted missionary church in, 277; plan of prospective city, 278; price of land at, 278; enormous shipments of wool from, 278; good pasture land in, 278; traces of gold at Lake Argentine, 278; enterprising land "boomer" of, 279; natural advantages of, 279; probable gold mines in Andes, 279; fine timber land near, 279 et seq.; lack of good drinking water, 281; method of drawing water from wells with horse and lasso, 281
Santa Cruz River, 32; explored by Darwin, 169; impassable barrier to armadilloes, 199; tramp at, 253; navigable throughout its course, 279; owners of water front control all the range back, 280; Gov. Mayer large land owner on, 280; tide rises over forty feet at mouth of, 281
Santa Maria River, gold found at, 10
Sarmiento, reference to, 3; starving colony, 34, 80; Pedro, 169
Sarmiento Mount, 25; snow capped peaks of, 41; peak of coast range on Tierra del Fuego, 47
Saunders, James, 215; sheep raiser in Patagonia, 280
Scenery, of Punta Arenas like Adirondacks, 34, 41; along Patagonia coast, 297, 299
Sea fowl, methods of gathering eggs of, 68
Sea mosses above tree line on mountains of Fuegian islands, 51
Seals, fur and hair, in Cape Horn region, 75
Seaweed, uses of, 68; varieties of, 295
Serpents easily destroyed by panther, 196
Sheep, long-wooled variety in favor, 219; diseases of, 220; 800,000 in Santa Cruz territory, 287.
Sheep raising, a productive industry in Patagonia, 215; profits for one year, 216; success in, at Gallegos, 216; profitable to the individual, 217; amount of capital needed for, 218, expenses of, 218, 220; care of lambs, 219; profits of, in Punta Arenas, 219; average pounds of wool per sheep, 220; as compared with Argentine and United States, 220; havoc made by foxes and wild-cats, 220; conservative estimate of profits of, 221; compared with cattle business in the United States, 221; wool sold for gold, 222; ranchmen paid in paper, 222
Sheep ranch, established on Keppel Island, 85; description of, at Santa Cruz, 222
Shells, curious, 295; antediluvian oyster, 295; mussel, 295
Shellfish, 59, 76, 83, 295
Skees, Norwegian, 149
Skunks, made pets by Indians, 198; eaten by Indians, 198
Skyring Water near Punta Arenas, 282
Slings, Yahgans expert in use of, 59, 60
Sloggett Bay, rich in nugget gold, 18; story of one expedition to, 19; peculiar difficulties of mining in, 20 et seq.
Sloop of prospectors, 24
Snakes of desert destroyed by deer, 198
Snow, Captain W. Parker, commander of mission ship, 85; establishes mission on Keppel Island, 85
Snow storms every month in Cape Horn region, 91
"Son of the southwest gale," gaucho term for dragon fly, 246
Spaniard Harbour, or Aguirre Bay, 84
Spanish-American nations, lack of enterprise among, 279; Argentine an exception, 279; "adobe money" of, 279
Sparrow, desert, 232; description of, 232
Spears used by Yahgans, 58; by Tehuelches, 164
Spider of the hot pampas attacks man, 246
Springs one hundred miles apart in Patagonian desert, 157
Squash the favorite vegetable of Argentine ranchmen, 271
Squirrel, prairie, food of Onas, 129
Staten Island of Cape Horn, 15, 137; similarity of ridges of, to Rocky Mountains, 139; end of backbone of Western Hemisphere, 139; Ushuaia bound for Antarctic, 138; view of, 139, 140; mountain ridge 2,000 to 3,000 feet high, 140; vegetation of mountains, 140; varied and interesting forms of bird-life off, 141; terrific seas and tide rips in, 142; Government post at St. John Harbor, 142; St. John Bay, 143; lighthouse of St. John's Cape, 143-146; story of runaway sailor boy, 146 et seq.; peculiar formation of the island, 148; bays of, filling with sand, 148; interior of, almost impassable, 149; supply of wood, 150; climate, 150; gold on New Year's Island, 150
Steubenrach, Mr., British Consular agent, 126; introduces sheep raising on Fuegian prairies, 126; places missionary in charge of ranch, 126
Stirling, Rev. W. H., missionary to Keppel, 87; Bishop of South America, takes up residence on mainland, 89; ordained Bishop of Falkland Islands, 90; safe journey through Ona country, 133
Story-tellers, skilful, among Yahgan tribe, 65
Straits of Magellan (see Magellan).
Straits of Le Maire (see Le Maire).
Swans, myriads of in Cape Horn region, 75; black and white, 207; good eating, 208; favorite breeding places, 208
T
Tan bark in Punta Arenas, 43
Tea, Paraguay (see Maté).
Tehuelches, half-breed squaw in tailor-made gown, 44; Indian tribe of Patagonia, 128; same origin as Onas, 129; have no boats, 129; consider horse meat a delicacy, 129; liquid language of, 132; make tents of skins, 130, 165; are nomads, 151; a noble race, 151; visited by Magellan, 151; exact tribute from Spanish colony, 152 et seq.; obtain horses, 152; character of, 152; chief demanding tribute in Carmen de Patagones, 153; story of efforts to convert, 153 et seq.; receive missionaries kindly, 154; maintain independence for 360 years, 155; war of extermination against, 155; prisoners tortured by whites, 156; home region of, 156; alluvial soil, 157; salt lakes and beds, 157; volcanic rocks, 157; physical proportions of, 157 et seq.; prodigious strength, 158; personal appearance, 158; attractive women, 158; habit of gum chewing, 159; population before and after war of extermination, 159; mental qualities of, 159; literature of, 159; fables of, 159 et seq.; religious beliefs of, 160 et seq.; religious rites of, 161; medicine men and women, 161; superstitions of, 161 et seq.; musical instruments of, 162; division of time, 162; astronomy of, 162; government, 162; ceremonies of marriage and divorce, 163; happy home life of, 163; cider festivals 164; love of liquor chief vice, 164; apple orchards of, 164; weapons of, 164; use of guns and pistols, 164; methods of hunting game, 164 et seq.; modesty of, 165; morality of, 165; corrupted by whites, 165 et seq.; methods of cooking, 166; habits of cleanliness among, 166; food of, 166, 167; characteristics of, 167; meaning of name, 173; help Welsh colonists, 173; chief's dying remark, 175; blankets made by squaws, 234 et seq.; beguiled sailors to desert, 257 et seq.; made slaves of them, 258; story of baby found by Lieut. Wilson, 273; glass arrow-heads made by, 296
Tekenika Bay, 104
Teresina B., story of dismantled sloop named, 134 et seq.
Thetis Bay, Argentine military station, 127
Tierra del Fuego (see under Fuego).
Tinamon, spotted (see Prairie chicken).
Tower Rock (see Port Desire).
Tramps, of Patagonia, 250; first view of, at Madryn, 251; story of mysterious, at Madryn, 251 et seq.; from Sandy Point, 253 et seq.; causes of development of, 254, 256; ordinance against, at Gallegos, 255; in Chubut, 256; sailors beguiled by Indians to desert, 257; hardships of, among Indians, 258; number of, compared with those in the United States, 259
Transport, trip on Argentine (see Ushuaia).
Tropical luxuriance of growth in Tierra del Fuego, 23
Turner, L. M., on Eskimo language, 63
Turnips, size of, at Tierra del Fuego, 115; grown at Punta Arenas, 289
U
Uruguay, quarantine station of, 228 (see Flores Island).
Useless Bay, on Tierra del Fuego, 10, 125
Ushuaia, capital of Argentine Tierra del Fuego, 15, 79, 261; mining camp, 24; coldest spot of the region, 52; location of, on Tierra del Fuego, 79; first missionary station at, 89; near Chili line, 101; military post established at, 102; a remarkable capital, 107; sub-prefectura, 108; good harbor, 109; first view of, 109; description of the capital, 110; latitude of, 111; lack of sunshine in, 111; inhabitants of, 112; life in, 113 et seq.; size of vegetables in, 115; good pasturage in, 115; Figue, storekeeper at, 115, 297; work done by Yahgans, 116; severe climate, 116; life dull in, 117; curios to be found at, 295 et seq.; gold dust obtained at, 297
Ushuaia, Argentine naval transport, voyage on, 9; in dangerous waters, 15; arrives at Punta Arenas, 33; voyage continued, 117; bound for Antarctic Staten Island, able sea boat, 139, 264; view of Staten Island from, 140; anchors in St. John Bay, 143; sails from Buenos Ayres, 261; description of, 261 et seq.; life on board, 261-268; first meal on board, 262; dish-washing on board, 262; captain of, 263; amusing discomforts on board, 265 et seq.; "Ta-ra-ra-boom-de-ay" in four languages, 267; encounters head winds and seas, 268; arrives at New Gulf, 268; a slow tub, 268; card playing on board of, 268; betting, 268; arrives at Port Desire, 270; arrives at Santa Cruz, 276; arrives at Gallegos, 281; captain a fine sportsman, 288; ducks thick off Santa Cruz, 288; table not beyond criticism, 288; variety of fish and game courses, 288; lack of fresh vegetables, 289; serious discomforts on board of, 288-291; a novel mixed drink, 292; returns to Buenos Ayres, 299
Ushuaia Bay, description of, 90
V
Valley of the Missionaries, near Santa Cruz, 277
Vegetable food native to Cape Horn region, 49, 75, 115, 157, 178, 238, 289
Vendettas among Yahgan tribe, 67 et seq.
Vincent, Mr. Frank, remarks upon Punta Arenas, 46
Virgin, Cape, wreck of Argentine sailors on, 4; wreck of S. S. Arctic on, 6, 10; gold supply renewed after storms at, 13, 283
Viscacha Lagostomus Trichodactylus (see Prairie dog).
Vocabulary of Yahgans, 63
Volcanic bluffs at Port Desire, 157; volcanic peaks, range of, south of Rio Gallegos, 157
W
Wallis, Capt. Samuel, early navigator, 43, 260
Weasels, malignant faces of, 197; larger than United States variety, 197; travel in packs, 197
Weddell's Bluff (see Santa Cruz).
Wells, Ensign Roger, U. S. N., 62; prepared Eskimo-English vocabulary, 63
Welsh settlement at Chubut, 33, 168; cause of founding colony, 168 et seq.; pilgrims, landing of, 169; obtains grant of land in Patagonia, 169; great sufferings of, 171; alkali water, 171; gypsum, 171; lay out capital city, named Rawson, 172; make friends with Tehuelches, 173; foes of the desert, 173; provisions supplied by Argentine Government, 173; hardships of, 173 et seq.; succeeds at last, 175 et seq.; wheat and barley crops, 176; denominational churches of, 177; no physicians in, 178; prospectors for gold, 178; lignite and quartz workings, 178; import sheep, 178; profit in sheep raising, 179; colony sixty miles long, 252
Whaits, Mr. R., mission carpenter, 88
Whale Sound, 15
Whales abounded in Cape Horn waters, 75
Wheelright, Mr. William, founder of Pacific Steam Navigation Co., 29
"Wild mirth of the desert," gaucho term for ostrich hunting, 246
Williams, Mr. Richard, catechist and surgeon, 82
Willis, Captain, of mission schooner, 123
"Williwaws," whirling squalls, 299
Wilson, Don Juan, sub-prefect of Port Desire, 272; story of, 272 et seq.; story of his servant, 273
Winds, high, in Tierra del Fuego, 15, 23, 51, 138, 235, 298
Wollaston Island, gold-bearing banks on, 7, 48, 87
Y
Yahgans, or Antarctic Highlanders, Indian tribe described by Darwin, 48 et seq.; compared with Eskimos, 49; without clothing or shelter, 49; description of, 50; homes of, 52; dress of, 53; habits of, 54; canoes of, 54; dimensions of canoes, 55; method of building canoes, 56; weapons of, 57; implements of, 57 et seq.; methods of fishing and extracting oil, 59-61; utensils of, 61; language of, 62; vocabulary, 63; remarkable mental development, 63; origin of, 64; country of, explored, 64; language of, melodious, 64, 132; government of, 66; treatment of squaws, 64; native politeness of, 65; skilful story-tellers, 65; poets, novelists, and historians, 65; clever talkers, 66; abundance of food, 66, 75; songs and dances of, 66; abundant leisure, 66; lax notions about property, 67; vendettas of, 67 et seq.; crimes of, 69; favorite modes of revenge, 68; marriages of, 69; religion of, 70; ideas of death, 71; treatment of the sick, 71; customs of mourning, 71; folk lore, 71; personal appearance of, 73 et seq.; women of tribe, 74; ferocity towards whites, 75; methods of cooking, 76; traditions of, 76; not cannibals, 77; characteristics of, 77 et seq.; civilization the ruin of, 77, 78; first missionary to, 81; missionaries' plan for civilizing, 91; become farm laborers, 92; report of Mr. Bridges, 93 et seq.; work required by missionaries of, 95; scanty pay, 95, 98; change of dress and habits of, 101; epidemics among, 102 et seq.; civilization an evil to, 104-106; physical deterioration and diminution of, 103-105; work done by, in Argentine capital, 116; work on Mr. Bridge's ranch, 119; described by early navigators, 52, 128; rush baskets of, 296; make models of their canoes and weapons for sale, 297
Z
Zanibelli, Luis, dealer in Indian relics, 44