Index

Abacá (Manila Hemp)— Abacá, 293; Manila hemp, 293; abacá districts, 294; Undetermined plant relations, 294; Peculiar to the Philippines, 295; Superiority of fiber, 295; Banana varieties, 296; Cultivation, 296; Cutting, 297; Prejudice against cutting after blossoming, 297; Differences with abacá, 297; Extracting the fiber, 298; Lupis and bandala, 300; Grades of lupis, 300; Lupis fabrics, 300; Profit, 300; A Pre-Spanish product, 301; Bandala fabrics, 301; Abacá production and prospects, 304; Export of “Manila hemp,” 305; Large local consumption, 305; Sisal-hemp, 305; Varieties of sisal, 306; Profit, 307; Banana substitute unsatisfactory, 307; Manila hemp, 469; Abacá, 274.

Agriculture— Fertile fields, 42; Java-like rice fields, 73; A famous plantation, 65; Sweet potatoes, 141; A French planter, 185; Isolation of fertile regions, 188; A populous fertile district, 194; The people and their crops, 199; Rotation of crops, 199; Locusts, 260; Plan for their extermination, 261; Lack of capital for large plantations, 291; Increasing culture, 361; Estates, 370; Locusts, 471.

Americans— Mongolian vs. Caucasian in America, 336; Chinese problem in America, 337; China and America, 354; Growing American influence, 354; The mission of America, 355; Superiority over Spanish system, 356; American hemp ships, 459; Advantages of Sulu (American) treaty, 528.

Amusements— Visitors to festival, 74; A Filipino theater, 99; An indifferent performance, 99; Interest in festival, 100; A danceless ball, 165; Amusements, 282.

Animals— The carabao, 42; Cattle and horses, 141; Black cattle, 142; Sheep, 142; Swine, 143; Cattle, 187; The flying monkey, 229; A promise of rare animals and wild people, 230; East Indian monkeys, 238; Snaring swine, 269; Scarcity of stock, 275; Swine, 276; Sheep and goats, 276; Draft animals, 466.

Bamboo— Bamboo, 43; Strength, 43; Convenience, 43; Usefulness, 44; Bamboo raft ferry, 74.

Bisayas— Bisayas, 54; Superstitions regarding the “Bisayan” bean, 255; Leyte, 259; The Bisayans, 271; Leyte, 281; Cebu, 287; Cebu island, 287; Iloilo, 289; Panay, 495; (see Samar).

Cacao (Chocolate)— Cacao, 89; High quality, 90; Scanty production, 90; Culture, 91; Neglect, 91; Damage by storms, 91; Diseases and pests, 92; Chocolate, 93; An uncertain venture, 94; Use in Europe, 94; Cocoa, 365.

Chinese— Spanish coins in circulation on China coast, 22; Similarity with Chinese conditions, 118; Chinese monopolize trade, 145; Anti-Chinese feeling, 303; Importance of Chinese, 329; Early Chinese Associations, 329; Industrial and commercial activity, 330; Unsuccessful attempts at restriction, 330; Early massacre of Chinese, 331; Chinese laborers limited, 331; Limahong and the Mandarins’ visit, 331; Another massacre, 332; The pirate Kog-seng, 332; Another expulsion, 332; Thrifty traders, 333; Anda’s and 1819 massacres, 333; Oppressive taxation, 334; Expulsion of merchants from Manila, 334; Excellent element in population, 335; Formidable competitors, 335; Sphere of future influence, 335; Efficiency and reliability of Chinese labor, 336; Chinese cleverness and industry, 337; Chinese tax, 416.

Climate (See also Earthquakes)— The monsoons, 49; Winds, 51; Storms, 52; Sunshine and rain, 52; Storm-bound shipping, 78; Change of season, 102; Storm damage, 104; Storms, 179; Winds and planting season, 207; A muddy dry season, 211; Seasons and weather, 218; Winds and storms, 219; Typhoons, 460.

Cock-Fighting— Cock-fighting, 26; Probably Malay custom, 27; The cockpit, 27; Its bad influence, 27; Game cocks a Spanish innovation, 200; Provincial cockpit revenue, 411; Cockpit licenses, 411; Cock-fighting, 478.

Coffee— Coffee, 95; Highest grades, 96; Exports, 96; French preference, 96; Prices, 97; Javan and Ceylon crops, 97; Philippine exports, 97; Coffee, 365; Coffee, 470.

Commerce— Future in American and Australian trade, 2; Philippine Islands commercially in the New World, 3; Slight share in world commerce, 5; Little commerce with Spain, 5; Former Spanish ships mainly carried foreign goods, 5; Customhouse red tape, 9; Antiquated restrictions on trade, 10; Laws drove away trade, 11; Exports taxes, 11; Discouragements for foreign ships, 11; Pre-Spanish foreign commerce, 12; The 1869 reform, 12; Bettered conditions, 12; Early extension under Spain, 13; Jealousy of Seville monopolists, 13; Prohibition of China trading, 14; Higher limit on suspension of galleon voyages, 14; The “Philippine Company” monopoly, 15; Subterfuges of European traders, 15; Losses by bad management, 16; Daraga market, 102; Tagalog women traders, 177; Trade, 200; Illogical business, 258; Disproportionate prices, 258; Uncertain trading, 259; No markets, 279; Barter, 279; Exports, 286; Ports of entry, 286; Customhouse data, 288; Unbusinesslike early methods, 302; Change to a safer basis, 303; Money juggling, 325; Neglected market, 363; Ship building advantages, 367; Internal commerce handicapped, 377; Scanty exports, 377; Local markets, 378; External commerce, 379; Business irregularities, 380; Merchants discouraged, 381; Capital employed in commerce, 382; Large sums hoarded, 383; Mercantile shipping, 385; Royal Philippine company, 386; Need of nautical school, 386; Local progress under adverse conditions, 387; Handicapped in outside trade, 388; Profit percent to go to Spain, 390; Need of special privileges, 390; Spanish commerce in its infancy, 391; Extension of monopoly urged, 400; Slight concession to the Company, 403; Shipping reform, 422; Business, 461; Commerce, 462; Customs dues, 512; Filipino merchants of the early 1890s, 552.

Dress— Pretty girls in gay garments, 29; Dress of the poorer women, 30; Men’s clothing, 30; The “Principales,” 30; The servants, 31; The dandies, 31; Mestiza costume, 31; Clothing, 148; Women’s extras, 277; Clothing cost, 277.

Dwellings— Native houses comfortable and unchanged, 25; Board houses and their furniture, 58; Homes, 145; Household affairs, 147; Furniture, 148; Household furniture, 278; Dwellings, 461.

Dutch— Dutch and English stand well in their colonies, 32; Dutch colonials well educated, 33; Different English and Dutch policy, 120; Death customs, 201; Dutch opposition, 349.

Earthquakes— Scanty data available, 8; Former heavy shocks, 7; The 1610 catastrophe, 8; The 1863 earthquake, 6; Destruction in walled city, Manila, 7; Damage ill Cavite, 7; Frequent minor disturbances, 8; Earthquake evidences, 77; Sorsogon earthquake, 107; 1628 Camarines earthquake, 129.

English— Capture of “Santa Anna,” 21; Dutch and English stand well in their colonies, 32; English occupation, 349; Contract with English colonies, 353; English-Sulu treaty, 515; Sulu victory over English, 517; Balambangan Island (English), 523.

Filipinos— Dreary and unprogressive life, 26; Native distrust of Europeans, 32; Social standing of Filipinos enhanced, 34; Spanish-Filipino bonds of union, 34; Initiative and individuality missing, 35; Imitation instilled and self-respect banished, 35; Native art-sense spoiled, 36; Educated Filipino unnatural, 36; Indolence from absence of incentive, 36; Weakened character and want of dignity, 37; Carelessness from lack of responsibility, 37; Circumstances have favored the Filipinos, 37; Have fared better than the Mexicans, 38; Change from Malayan character, 46; Filipino hospitality, 79; A native captain, 82; Amateur scientists, 97; The native clergy, 123; Family income, 149; Woman’s work, 150; Marriage age, 150; Infant mortality, 151; Imitation-mania, 152; The sickness in Siberia, 152; The itch, 152; Running amuck, 153; Sense of smell, 154; Respect for women and aged, 200; Sexual crimes, 203; Native contempt for private Spaniards, 211; Caroline Islands’ possible influence on Filipinos, 243; A pleasing people, 262; Debts, 279; Public charity not accepted, 281; Morals, 282; Great infant mortality, 283; Origin of race, 359; Filipino farmers, 371; Restriction of native ordinations recommended, 443; Native efforts for self-defence, 446; Native assistance, 451; Natives, 508; Superiority of women, 509; People and prospects of the Philippines, 550; Filipino merchants of the early 1890s, 552.

Filipinos, Ancient— Burial customs, 248; Assistance from history, 545; Hair differences, 545; Ancestor worship, 546; Tattooing, 546; Teeth alterations, 547; Skull flattening, 548; Hope of Filipino and American study, 549; Comparison of Indio and Negrito skulls, 550; (See Philippines, Pre-Spanish).

Fishing— Picking fish, 57; Plunder, 84; Lived by seafishing and rain water, 241; Fishing, 251; Fish, 479.

Food— Easy food, 41; Meals, 146; Cost of food, 276.

Foreigners— M. de la Gironnière, 67; Tardy justice to foreigners, 304; Competition of foreign merchants, 389; Magellan, 462.

Friars— A convento and the parish priest, 60; Unwelcome hospitality, 63; An early friar attempt (Mr. Mayon), 88; Priestly assistance, 111; The priests’ importance, 112; Franciscan friars, 112; Young men developed by responsibility, 113; Poor architects, 114; Superiority over government officials, 115; Former legal status, 116; A scientific priest-poet, 154; Friars an important factor, 352; Their defects have worked out for good, 352; Pious and charitable funds’ capital, 383; Standing of parish priests, 434; Friars only check on officials, 436; Missionaries’ achievements, 436; Curtailing priestly authority, 437; Friars bulwark of Spanish rule, 438; Unwise to discredit priests, 439; Testimony in their behalf, 439; Ecclesiatical organization, 440; Dual supervision over friars, 441; Allowances from treasury, 441; Need of more European clergy, 442; Monasteries, 482.

Galleon-Trade— Galleon story sidelight on colonial history, 17; Chinese part in galleon trade, 18; Division of space and character of cargo, 18; Favoritism in allotment of cargo space, 18; Profit in trade, 18; Evasion of regulations, 19; Route outward, 20; Length of voyage, 20; Water-supply crowded out by cargo, 20; California landfall, 21; Galleon’s size and armament, 21; Speedy return voyage, 21; Value of return freight, 22; Philippine Company and smugglers cause change, 22; Gambling rather than commerce, 22; Undervaluation of galleon goods, 403; Variations in valuations, 405; Galleon graft, 423.

Government— Low taxes, 39; Unreliability of government reports, 54; Wine and liquor monopoly a failure, 71; Handicapped officials, 106; Funds diverted to Spain, 107; Alcaldes formerly in trade, 116; Their borrowed capital, 117; Improvement in present appointees, 117; Unidentified with country, 118; Similarity with Chinese conditions, 118; Dependence on interpreters, 119; Fear of officials’ popularity, 120; Different English and Dutch policy, 120; Papal concessions to Spain, 128; Schools, 149; An unfortified fort, 165; Policy of non-intercourse with heathens, 192; A policy of peace, 194; No protection from Government, 212; Electing officers, 222; Palapat Revolt, 222; Ornamental but useless forts, 232; Speculation with public funds, 317; Wholesale rate higher than retail from government, 325; Unthinking policy of greed, 344; The feudal “encomiendas,” 345; Extortions of encomenderos, 346; Many minor uprisings from local grievances, 350; Cavite 1872 mutiny, 351; Menaces to Spanish rule, 353; Restricted cultivation, 360; Confiscating unused lands, 372; Improvement in public finances 393; Economy over Spanish-American colonial administration, 393; Custom house, 401; Former customs usage, 401; Unbusinesslike customs ways, 404; Folly of monopoly plan, 407; Community funds, 416; Disbursements and general expenses, 421; Defence expenses, 422; The navy, 424; Objectionable office-holders, 426; Evils from officials in trade, 427; No check on extortion, 429; Less complaisant laws needed, 430; Pioneer Philippine government a theocracy, 434; Governmental lenience, 445; The governor-general, 473; Government, 484; Government, 510.

Industries (See also Agriculture and Fishing)— Tapis weaving, 58; Petaca cigar cases, 59; Preparation of material, 59; Costly weaving, 59; Kupang iron-foundry, 62; Trade in molave, 75; Nito cigar cases, 98; Pineapple fiber preparation, 131; Slight industrial progress, 144; Gold mining, 166; Abandoned workings, 169; Manufactures, 201; Oil factory, 256; Weaving, 301; Machine-spinning, 307; Fiber-extracting machinery, 308; Methods of Manufacture, 361; Manufactures, 375; Native cloth weaving, 375; Aptitude for, but no development of, manufacturing, 376; Improved methods and machinery needed, 376; Piña, 475.

Labor— Servant subterfuges, 101; Petty robberies, 101; Wages, 149; A clever pilfering servant, 163; Unreliable excuses, 182; The Filipino as a laborer, 185; Forced labor, 206; Carpentering difficulties, 215; Losing a clever assistant, 216; Unsatisfactory forced labor, 223; Wages, 278; Laborers’ work and wages, 299; Good work for good pay, 304; Compulsory labor, 372; No legal obstacle to forced labor, 374; Wages, 470.

Lakes— The Lagoon of Bay, 63; Maycap Lake, 69; Lake Palakpakan, 69; Batu—The lake, 121; Lake Buhi, 128; Changes in Batu Lake, 208; Jaruanan Lake, 265; Bito Lake, 267.

Land— Sea’s encroachments, 108; Land for everybody, 145; Land leases, 149; A bare plain and wretched village, 194; Land tenure, 273; Land tenure, 287; Land disputes, 291.

Luzon— Luzon, 48; Luzon Provinces and their languages and populations, 53; Coasting Luzon, 80; Camarines, 109.

Manila— Foreign mail facilities, 5; City’s appearance mediaeval European, 6; Manila’s fine bay, 6; Shelter for shipping, 9; Few foreign vessels, 10; Silting up of river mouth, 10; Manila’s favorable location, 12; British occupation inspired new wants, 15; Manila opposition to trade innovations, 15; Port’s importance lessened under Spain, 16; Trade free but port charges discriminating, 16; Entrance of foreign ships and firms, 16; The walled city of Manila, 23; Population, 23; Discomforts and high cost of living, 24; Bridges, 23; Neglected river and canals offensive, 25; Feminine attractiveness, 28; The Luneta, 28; The Angelus, 29; Botanical garden, 29; Frequence of fires, 56; Commercial importance of early Manila, 348; Manila as capital of a vast empire, 348; Manila’s population, 359; Port charges and duties, 402; A Spanish oriental city, 459; Twin piers, 460; City of Manila, 462; The Luneta, 477; The cemetery, 481.

Mestizos (Half-castes)— Friction between classes, 23; Mestizas, 28; Clever business women, 31; Ill at ease in society, 31; Mestizos, 31; Danger from mestizos and creoles, 354.

Micronesians— Pearl divers from the Carolines, 239; Hardships and perils of their voyage, 239; Castaways from the Pelews, 240; Not the first time for one, 241; Previous castaways, 241; Other arrivals of Micronesians, 242.

Mindanao— Mindanao, 54; Old Zamboanga fort, 286; Mindanao and Sulu independent, 343; Council of war recommended, 450; Mindanao also needs attention, 452; A plan for future policing, 453; Mindanao, 497; Zamboanga, 499. (See “Moros.”)

Minerals— A primitive rock breaker, 167; An arrastre, 167; Gold-washing, 168; The clean-up, 168; Copper, 172; Paying minus dividends, 172; Unsuccessful copper-mining, 172; Igorot-mining successful, 172; Copper kettles attributed to Negritos, 173; Copper-working a pre-Spanish art, 173; The Igorots’ Method, 174; The Smelter, 175; Smelting, 175; The copper “stone,” 176; Purifying the product, 176; Miners’ uncertain returns, 178; Small output, 179; Wild Cat Mining, 179; Jasper and coal, 235; Gold, 368; Copper, 368; Cinnabar, 369; Iron, 369.

Mountaineers— A negrito family, 62; Remontados, 124; Iriga settlements, 126; Poison arrows, 126; Crucifixes, 126; Mountaineers’ arrow poison, 132; Primitive mountaineers, 191; Christian Mountaineers’ villages, 193; A heathen Mountaineers’ settlement, 197; A giant fern hedge, 198; Simple stringed instruments, 198; Religion, 200; Medicine, 201; Marriage, 202; Farewell to mountaineers, 205; A forest home, 268; Mountaineers, 271; Foreigners and wild tribes, 358; Mountaineers, 483.

Mountains— Mt. Arayat, 57; Mt. Iriga, 126; Another attempt at mountain climbing, 130; Rain prevents another ascent, 132; Mr. Isaróg, 190; Comparison with Javan Mountain district, 195; At the summit, 203; The descent, 204; Mr. Iriga, 207; The ascent, 207; Altitude, 208; Ascent of Mr. Mazaraga, 209; Altitude, 210; Climbing Banajao, 488; Mt. Maquiling, 492;

Moros— Moro pirates, 103; Pirate rumors and robberies, 108; Real pirates, 109; Power of Moro pirates, 211; Government steamer easily eluded, 213; Steam gunboats more successful, 213; Renegades join pirates and bandits, 214; Pirate outrages, 222; A pirate base, 224; Moro depredations, 443; Authority for war not lacking, 445; Moro piratical craft, 446; Growth of Moro power, 448; Pirate craft, 502.

Palms (Coco, nipa, bonga)— Coco-palms, 42; Nipa-palms, 42; Palm brandy, 69; Bought by government, 70; Profit in manufacture, 70; A pretty fan-palm, 170; Making palm-sugar, 183; A petition for liquors, 206; A secret still, 269; Coco and nipa wine monopoly, 398; Buyo monopoly unsatisfactory, 406.

Pasig River— River resorts, 40; Sleeping pilots, 40; River’s importance, 41; Riverside gaiety, 41; The Pasig, 64.

Philippines, Pre-Spanish— Ancient Filipino civilization, 143; Guesses at history from language, 143; Regard for the sleeping, 154; Prehistoric remains, 155; Ancient Chinese jar, 156; Used as tea canisters, 156; Prized by Japanese, 157; Strict search in Japan, 157; $3,500 for a jar, 158; A speaking jar, 158; Found in Borneo, 158; A consecrated jar, 159; Tea societies, 160; Ceremonies, 160; Their object, 160; Reward of valor, 161; Superstitions, 162; Burial caves, 244; Objects destroyed but superstition persists, 245; Skulls from a rock near Basey, 245; The cavern’s contents, 246; Impressive location of burial cave, 246; Burial caves, 247; Chinese dishes from a cave, 247; Embalming, 248; Slaves sacrificed, 249; Suitor’s service, 282; Superstitions, 283; Festivals and shrines, 284; Ancestor worship, 284; Ancient literature, 284; Old religion, 285; Creation myth, 285. (See Filipinos, Ancient.)

Poultry— Poultry, 276; Ducks, 479; Duck farms, 486.

Philippines— A compromise civilization, 35; Spanish rule not benevolent, but beneficial, 37; A land of opportunity, 38; Fortunate factors, 39; Labor-saving conditions, 40; Archipelago’s great extent, 47; Favored by position and conditions, 47; Soil and sea alike productive, 48; Harbors and water highways, 48; Provinces and districts, 53; Population, 53; Language and dialects, 53; Outlying islands, 54; Importance of interpreter in Philippines, 119; Progress under Spain, 144; Similarity to Indian Archipelago conditions, 192; Yap camotes from Philippines, 241; Spain’s discovery and occupation, 342; Numerous names, 343; Spanish improvements, 343; Spain and Portugal united, 348; Phillippine history unimportant and unsatisfactory, 349; Summing up, 352; Powerful neighbors, 354; Nearing predominance of the Pacific, 355; Need of Philippine awakening, 356; Population, 357; Plans for progress, 371; The undeveloped Philippines, 373; Philippines a burden to Spain, 391; War popular in Philippines, 451; Importance of peace for Philippine progress, 457; Resources, 465; Population, 472; Population, 511.

Products (See also Food, Coffee, Cacao, Bamboo and Palms)— Quicksilver, 107; A neglected product, 122; Piña, 131; Red lead, 166; Edible bird’s nests, 169; Lead and mica, 170; Chrome-lead ore, 170; Batatas, 199; Molave, 231; Ignatius bean, 253; Strychnine, 254; Coconuts, 255; Getting coco oil, 256; Sulphur, 263; Prices, 263; A solfatara, 264; Danan solfatara, 265; Balao oil, 274; Other products, 274; Wax, 275; A valuable by-product, 293; Paper-making materials, 309; Increasing use of wood and straw, 309; Preferability of discarded cloth, 309; Cotton, 359; Mulberry trees, 362; Silk, 362; Bees-wax, 363; Black pepper, 363; Cinnamon, 365; Nutmeg, 366; Timber, 367; Dye and cabinet woods, 367; Pearls, 370; Sulphur, 370; Tobacco belt, 395; “Tuba,” 399; Coco-wine, 399; Nipa brandy, 400; Hardships on areca-nut planters, 406; The areca-nut, 406; Cotton, 470; Indigo, 471.

Punishments— Pleasant prison life, 45; Frequent floggings little regarded, 46.

Rice— Rice cultivation, 139; Rice land production, 140; The harvest, 140; Rice and abaca exported, 144; Rice-farming, 272; Mountain rice, 273; Rice, 366; High yield, 366; Rice, 467.

Rivers— Mapon river, 73; Sapa river, 133; Quinali river, 136; River highways, 188; Many mountain water courses, 195; A changed river and a new town, 225; Up the river, 225; On the Calbayot River, 227; Numerous small streams, 235; Down the river, 237; Basey and its river, 249; Up the Mañacagan, 263; Up Mayo River, 267. (See Pasig River.)

Roads— Albay roads and bridges, 105; Neglected roads, 184; Social and political reasons for bad roads, 189; Bad roads raise freights, 189; Lack of roads, 291; Poor roads, 234; An unpromising road, 267; Communication, 279.

Samar— Off to Samar, 216; Samar, 217; Former names, 217; Only the coast settled, 219; Catbalogan monopoly of interisland traffic, 224; Catbalogan, 228; Beauty of Samar-Leyte strait, 243; People of Samar and Leyte, 280.

San Bernardino Strait— The straits, 79; Importance of straits, 80; San Bernardino current, 82.

Snakes— Snake bite and rabies remedy, 151; Serpent-charmers, 231; Big pythons, 236; A sea snake, 247; Cholera and snake-bite cure, 254.

Spaniards— Spaniards transient, 24; Few large landowners, 24; Spanish officials undesirables, 33; Spanish lack of prestige deserved, 34; Latin races better for colonists in the tropics, 34; Spanish-Filipino bonds of union, 34; A worthy official, 85; A suspicious medal, 88; Spanish prejudice against bathing, 165; Spanish economic backwardness, 190; Native contempt for private Spaniards, 211; Obliging Spanish officials, 260; High character of early administrators, 344; Conquerors on commission, 345; Salcedo “most illustrious of the conquerors,” 346; “The Cortes of the Philippines,” 347; Undesirable emigrants from Spain, 349; Credit due Spain, 352; Spanish planters, 370; Legaspi, 464; Courteous Spanish officials, 474; Sulu victory over Spaniards, 516.

Springs— Los Baños hot springs, 66; Igabo hot spring, 134; Naglegbeng silicious springs, 134; Carbonic acid spring, 205; A tideland spring, 237; Hot spring, 264; Los Baños, 490; The hot springs, 492.

Sugar— Sugar venders, 258; Sugar, 289; Sugar prices, 291; The future sugar market, 292; Sugar, 361; Sugar, 470.

Sulu— Sual’s foreign trade, 287; Jolo, 449; Sulu, 500; Sulu harbor, 501; Visiting the Sultan, 503; Treaty with United States, 504; Interior travel prohibited, 505; A stolen granite monument, 506; Sulu history, 513; Tawi-Tawi, 514; English-Sulu treaty, 515; Sulu victory over Spaniards, 516; Sulu victory over English, 517; Sulu piracies, 518; Suppression of Sulu pirates, 519; The Bajows, 520; Cagayan Sulu, 521; Balabac straits, 522; Balambangan Island (English), 523; Dyaks, 524; Diwatas, 525; Headhunting, 526; Cremation, 527; Advantages of Sulu (American) treaty, 528.

Time— Magellan’s mistake in reckoning, 1; Difference from European time, 1; Change to the Asian day, 2.

Title— The Pope’s world-partition, 3; Faulty Spanish and Portuguese geography, 3; Spain’s error in calculation, 4; Extravagant Spanish claims thru ignorance, 4; Moluccan rights sold to Portugal, 4.

Tobacco— Buyo and cigars, 147; Tobacco monopoly wars, 193; Tobacco prohibition, 270; Tobacco, 274; Tobacco revenue, 310; Injustice of the monopoly, 310; Résumé of regulations, 311; Tobacco from Mexico, 313; High grade of Philippine product, 314; Manila tobacco handicapped, 314; Hampered by government restrictions, 315; Origin of monopoly, 316; Governor Basco’s innovations, 316; Different usages in Bisayas and Mindanao, 318; Changes bring improvement, 318; Crude system of grading, 318; Burden knowingly increased, 319; “Killing the goose that lays the golden egg,” 320; Gift to Spain of unusable tobacco, 320; De La Gandara’s proposed reforms, 321; Slight real profit from monopoly, 321; Suffering and law-breaking thru the monopoly, 322; Growing opposition to the monopoly, 323; Directions for cultivating tobacco, 326; Opposition to tobacco monopoly, 394; Doubling of insular revenue thru tobacco, 395; Cigar factories, 474.

Travel— Pleasures of travel, 45; Village rest houses, 45; The familiar field for travellers, 46; Carromata, 55; To Calumpit by carriage, 56; Calumpit, 57; To Baliwag, 58; Town of Bulacan, 55; Arrangements for travellers, 61; Talim island, 67; Santa Cruz, 72; Scenery along Lucban-Mauban road, 72; Lucban, 73; Hospitality of tribunal, 74; Calauan, 76; Majaijai, 76; Pila, 77; Mariveles, 78; To Albay by schooner, 78; Batangas coast, 81; Batangas exports, 81; An intermittent voyage, 83; Legaspi, 84; Sorsogon, 84; Daraga, 85; Bulusan, 104; Casiguran, 107; Batu, 121; Nabua, 124; Prison as hotel, 133; Nueva Caceres, 137; Naga, 137; The Bicols, 138; Land of the Bicols, 138; Bicol language, 139; Yamtik and Visita Bicul, 162; Trip with Internal Revenue Collector, 164; Rooming in a powder-magazine, 171; Labo, 178; Indang, 179; On foot to San Miguel bay, 180; Colasi, 181; Pasacao, 186; A beautiful coast, 187; Cabusao and Pasacao harbors, 188; Useful friends, 196; A tedious but eventful voyage, 220; Dini portage, 236; Lauang, 220; Paranas, 233; Running the rapids, 234; Hammock-traveling, 234; Loquilocun, 234; Along the coast, 237; A futile sea voyage in an open boat, 243; A portage, 250; Tacloban to Tanauan, 261; The height of hospitality, 262; A country excursion, 486; Recent elevation of coast, 252; To Dulag, 266; Paragua, 456; Mindoro, 494; San José, 496; Caldera fort, 498; Marongas island, 507.

Volcanos— Volcanic stone quarries, 59; Llanura de Imuc, 68; Tigui-mere, 68; Leaf imprints in lava, 68; Bulusan like Vesuvius, 81; A chain of volcanos, 110; Ascent of Mayon, 86; The descent, 87; Estimates of height, 89; Unreliable authorities, 130; Four volcanos, 164.