Note 62 — Chapter II · THE ENGLISH OPEN FIELD SYSTEM TRACED BACK TO THE DOMESDAY SURVEY—IT IS THE SHELL OF SERFDOM—THE MANOR WITH A VILLAGE COMMUNITY IN VILLENAGE UPON IT.

Worcester Cartulary, p. 15 a. Of the common customs of the villeins on the manor of Newenham—to give 'Thac' on Martinmas Day; for pigs above a year old (sows excepted), 1d., and for pigs not above a year, 12d.; to sell neither ox nor horse without licence; to give 1d. toll on selling an ox or horse; also 'aid' and 'leyrwite' (fine for a daughter's incontinence); to redeem his sons, if they leave the land; to pay 'gersuma' for his daughters; no one to leave the land, nor to make his son a clerk, without licence; natives coming of age, unless they directly serve their father or mother, to perform 3 'benripæ'; and 'forinseci' (i.e. villeins not born in the manor) shall do likewise; to carry at the summons of the 'serviens' (bailiff or serjeant) besides the work: and if he carry 'ex necessitate,' to be quit of [a day's] work; to give at death his best chattel (catallum); the successor to make a fine, as he can; the widow to stay on the land as long as she continues the service; all to attend their own mill; 'Cotmanni' to guard and take prisoners [to jail].