The Empire of Russia

INDEX.

Reading edition

Adachef, (Alexis) appointed minister of justice, 22.

Adrianople, Treaty of, 513.

Akhmet, Defiant reply of, to Ivan, 178.

Alains, character and life of the, 19.

Alexander succeeds Yaroslaf over Novgorod, 127. ordered to attend Bati, 127. appointed King of Southern Russia, 128. his reply to the Pope, 128. conciliates Berki, 128.

Alexander (Nevsky) puts down a rebellion headed by his son, 129. death of, 129. Yaroslaf of Tiver succeeds, 130.

Alexander (son of Michel) ascends the throne, 141. outlawed by Usbeck, 142. flight and death of, 142.

Alexander I., grief of, on the assassination of Paul, 471. re-establishes friendly relations with England, 473. regulations of, 474. message of, to Napoleon, 477. defeat of, at Austerlitz, 479. his interview with the embassador of Napoleon, 480. defeat at Eylau, 484. implores peace, 487. his admiration for Napoleon, 487. forced to turn against Napoleon, 492. magnanimity towards Napoleon, 493. death of, 497.

Alexander II. succeeds Nicholas on the throne, 517. character of, 518.

Alexis succeeds Romanow, 291. marriage of, 292. his concessions to the mob, 294. his conquests in Poland, 295. good works of, 296. death of, 299.

Alexis (son of Peter the Great) bad character of, 343. marriage of, 344. letters from, to his father, 351. flight of, 352. disinherited by his father, 354. plots against the crown, 355. condemned to death, 358. death of, 359.

America, discovery of, by the Normans, 23.

Amiens, treaty of, 476.

Anastasia, death of, 255.

André (of Souzdal) usurps the Russian throne, 88. moderation of, 92. submission of, 95. homage of Russia to, 95. assassination of, 96. sword of, 96. abolishes appanages, 111.

André (of Gorodetz) dethrones his brother Dmitri, 133. succeeds Dmitri as sovereign, 134. death of, 135.

Anne (of Constantinople) forced to marry Vladimir, 55. Christian influence of, over her husband, 57. death of, 58.

Anne (of England) letter of, to Peter the Great. 342.

Anne (Duchess of Courland) offered the throne, 366. energy of, 367. death of, 368.

Anecdote of the preservation of the Greek libraries, 19. of the love of Igor, 32. of the Tartar's theology, 127. of Vassili and the Greek physician, 201. of Peter the Great, 311. of Peter the Great, 320. of Peter III., 385.

Appanages abolished by André, 111.

Ascolod and Dir, enterprise and conquests of, 29. conversion of, 29. assassination of, 31.

Astrachan added to Russia, 244.

Athens taken by the Goths, 19.

Attila the king of the Huns, conquests of, 21.

Avars, conquests of the, 22.

Aristocracy, gradual rise of an, 25.

Bajazet II., letter of Ivan to, 186. reply of, 188.

Baptism of the Russian nation in a day, 56. in Lithuania, 155.

Barbarians, punishment of the, 87.

Bathori (Stephen) elected King of Poland, 262.

Bati given the command of the Tartar horde, 119. depopulates Rezdan, 119. captures Moscow, 120. takes and burns Vladimir, 122. disastrous course of, 123. plunders Kief, 124. possessions of, 125. orders Yaroslaf to appear before him, 125. summons Alexander, 127. death of, 128. Berki succeeds, 128.

Bayadour, chief of the Mogols, 113.

Beards ordered to be removed, 327.

Belsky (Ivan) elected regent of Russia, 209. reforms of, 209. assassination of, 212.

Bielo (Ozero Sineous) establishes his court at, 27.

Bielski (Bogdan) his attempt to grasp the throne, 270. his exile, 271.

"Black Death," ravages of the, 144.

Bohemia, aid from, to Ysiaslaf, 80.

Bokhara burned by the Tartars, 116.

Boleslas, (King of Poland) assists Sviatopolk to defeat Yaroslaf, 59. seizes the sister of Yaroslaf as his concubine, 59. attempt to poison, 59. forced to fly from Kief, 59.

Boleslas II. (of Poland) reception of Ysiaslaf by, 63. robs Ysiaslaf and expels him, 63. refunds the treasure, 65.

Bosporus, the Greeks plant their colonies along the shore of the, 17.

Bulgaria conquered by Sviatoslaf, 46. the capital conveyed from Kief to, 48. conquered by Georges, 72. condition of, 100. expedition against, 101.

Caucasus, the eagles of the Russians planted on the, 18.

Catharine I., first appearance of, 333. public marriage of, with Peter, 345. crowned empress, 361. assumes the government, 364. death of, 365.

Catharine II., early life of, 380. autobiography of, 381. seizes the throne, 392. manifesto of, on the death of Peter III., 403. her labors and reforms, 404. administration of, 405. urged by her ministers to marry, 407. numerous titles of, 409.

Catharine II., attempt to assassinate, 410. inoculation of, 413. entertainments of, 415. her schemes with Henry, Prince of Prussia, 417. conquers the Turks, 418. correspondence of, 422. peace with Turkey effected by, 425. personal appearance of, 426. conspiracy against, 427. interview of, with Joseph II., 437. her education of her children, 439. erection of the statue to Peter the Great by, 439. seizes the Crimea, 441. secures peace with Turkey, 444. toleration of, 445. her journey to the Crimea, 448. makes war on Poland. 451. death of, 452. character of, 453.

Chanceller (Captain) voyage of, 245.

Charles XII. (of Sweden) ascends the throne, 328. conquers the Russians, 329. drives Augustus from Poland, 335. wounded, 338. utter defeat of, 339. escape of, from Turkey, 346. death of, 360.

Chemyaka, see Dmitri

Cherson, church built at, in commemoration of the baptism of Vladimir, 55.

Children, the female allowed to be killed, 24.

China, irruption of the Tartars into, 115.

Christians, persecution of the, by the Tartars, 136.

Christianity, its entrance into Russia, 29. diffusion of, into Souzdal, 83. attempts of André to extend, 96.

Chronology of Russia: Rurik, Sineous and Truvor jointly rule over Russia, 27. Rurik succeeds Sineous and Truvor, 28. Ascolod and Dir reign over a portion of Russia, 29. Oleg succeeds Ascolod and Dir, 31. Igor succeeds Oleg, 38. Olga succeeds Oleg, 42. Sviatoslaf succeeds Olga, 45. Yaropolk succeeds Olga, 50. Vladimir succeeds Yaropolk, 52. Sviatopolk succeeds Vladimir, 59. Yaroslaf succeeds Sviatopolk, 60. Vseslaf succeeds Yaroslaf, 62. Ysiaslaf succeeds Vseslaf, 63. Vsevolod succeeds Ysiaslaf, 66. Sviatopolk succeeds Vsevolod, 69. Monomaque succeeds Sviatopolk, 71. Mstislaf succeeds Monomaque, 75. Vladimirovitch succeeds Mstislaf, 77. Vsevolod succeeds Vladimirovitch, 77. Igor succeeds Vsevolod, 78. Ysiaslaf succeeds Igor, 78. Rostislaf succeeds Ysiaslaf, 81. Georges succeeds Rostislaf, 81. Davidovitch succeeds Georges, 82. Rostislaf succeeds Davidovitch, 83. Georgievitch succeeds Rostislaf, 84. Mstislaf Ysiaslavitch succeeds Georgievitch, 86. André succeeds Mstislaf, 89. Michel succeeds André, 97. Vsevolod succeeds Michel, 100. Georges succeeds Vsevolod, 104. Octai succeeds Georges, 125. Bati succeeds Octai, 127. Dmitri of Moscow secures the throne, 146. Tamerlane succeeds Dmitri, 155. Ivan III. throws off the Mogol power, 172. Vassili succeeds Ivan III., 191. Hélène (as regent) succeeds Vassili, 205. Schouisky (as regent) succeeds Hélène, 208. Ivan Belsky (as regent) succeeds Schouisky, 209. Ivan IV. seizes his throne, 214. Feodor succeeds Ivan IV., 270. Boris succeeds Feodor, 275. Feodor II. succeeds Boris, 279. Dmitri succeeds Feodor II., 280. Zuski succeeds Dmitri, 283. Michel Feodor Romanow elected king, 287. Alexis succeeds Romanow, 291. Feodor succeeds Alexis, 299. Sophia (as regent) succeeds Feodor, 303. Peter I. succeeds Sophia, 310. Catharine succeeds Peter I., 364. Peter II. succeeds Catharine, 365. Anne succeeds Peter II., 367. Ivan V. succeeds Anne, 368. Elizabeth succeeds Ivan V., 369. Peter III. succeeds Elizabeth, 387. Catharine II. succeeds Peter III, 403. Paul I. succeeds Catharine II., 454. Alexander succeeds Paul I., 471. Nicholas succeeds Alexander I., 502. Alexander II. succeeds Nicholas, 517. During the Tartar reign, only the Tartar conqueror is usually given

Church built at Cherson, 55. built on the site of the idol of Peroune, 56.

Civilization, the Russians indebted to the Greeks for their, 168.

Commerce of Russia, 113. between England and Russia, 247. increase of, 249.

Constantine (prince of Yaroslavle) claims the throne, 104. turns Kostroma, 104. ascends the imperial throne, 108. effeminacy of, 108. death of, 109.

Constantine resigns his right to the throne, 498.

Constantinople, the city of, 168.

"Court Favorite" office of the, 430.

Crimea, taken possession of by Vladimir, 54.

Crusaders driven from the imperial city, 103.

Cyrille (bishop of Novgorod) effects a treaty between Novgorod and the Tartars, 131.

Dacia, the countries forming the province of, 19. conquered and divided by Trajan, 19.

Daniel (of Gallicia) attempts of, to emancipate Russia, 126. crowned emperor, 126.

Daniel (prince of Moscow) declares independence, 134.

Davidovitch (of Tchernigof) invited to seize the throne of Russia, 82. driven from the throne by Rostislaf, 83. flight of, to Moscow, 83.

Danielovitch (Jean) appointed Grand Prince by the Tartars, 142. reign and death of, 143.

Diana, temple of, burned at Ephesus, 19.

Diderot, Visit of, to Catharine, and her correspondence with him, 423.

Dimsdale (Dr. Thomas) introduces inoculation, 411.

Discoveries during the reign of Ivan, 190.

Dnieper, baptism of the nation in the, 56. plunder of the commerce on the, 86.

Dimitri ascends the throne, 133. drives André from Novgorod, 133. disasters and death of, 134.

Dimitri (son of Michel) assassinates Georges, 140. execution of, 141. Dmitri (of Souzdal) accession of, to the throne, 146. deposed, 146.

Dmitri (of Moscow) crowned sovereign, 146. conquers the Tartars, 147. wounded, 152. death of, 156.

Dmitri Chemyaka assumes the government, 166. death of, 166.

Dmitri (prince, son of Ivan IV.) assassination of, 274. Griska claims to be, 278. see Griska

Dmitry declines the throne, 131.

Drevliens, debasement of the tribe of, 25. revolt of the, against Igor, 38. their punishment and enthusiasm of, for Olga, 42.

Droutsk burned by Yaropolk, 73.

Eastern Question, the cause of the present war of the, 507.

Ecclesiastical Council called to rectify evils in the church, 132.

Elizabeth (daughter of Peter the Great) conspiracy of, 368. seizes the throne, 369. victories of, over Frederic of Prussia, 375. death of, 377. character of, 378.

Embassador of André insulted, 92. the first from Russia, 248.

Emigration of Russians to the mouth of the Volga, 97.

Emperors, see Russia and Chronology

England, influence of, in Europe, 244. amicable arrangement of Russia with, 249. friendship between Russia and, 248.

Entertainment, description of a royal, 415.

Etiquette, laws of, as to young ladies, 203.

Eylau, battle of, 483.

Famine in Russia, 105.

Feodor (son of Ivan IV.) ascends the throne, 270. his incapacity, 273. death of, 274.

Feodor (son of Alexis) ascends throne, 299. makes peace with Poland, 300. marriage of, 301. death of, 302.

Feudal System, implanting of the, 28.

Genghis Khan, pretended divine authority of, 115. irruption into China, 115. burns Bokhara, 116. recalls his troops from Russia, 118. death of, 118. nominates Octai as his successor, 118. See Temoutchin

George (son of André) sent embassador to Novgorod, 92. returns to Moscow, 94.

Georges (son of Monomaque) expedition of, to Bulgaria, 72.

Georges (of Moscow) assists Sviatoslaf, 79. enters Kief in triumph, 80. drives Rostislaf from the throne, 81. death of, 81.

Georges I. (brother of Vsevolod) ascends the Russian throne, 104. burns Rostof, 104. defeated by Mstislaf, 106. surrenders himself to Mstislaf, and exiled, 108. disappears from history, 108.

Georges II. ascends throne of Russia, 109. attacks Ochel, 109. founds Nijni Novgorod, 110. death of, 122.

Georges III (of Moscow) obtains assistance from the Tartars, 136. defeated by Michel, 137. secures the throne, 140. assassination of, 140.

Georgievitch (of Souzdal) Davidovitch seeks aid from, 83. his system of government, 84.

Ghirei (Devlet) character of, 251.

Gleb (prince of Minsk) takes Sloutsk, 73. capture and death of, 73.

Gleb left in possession of Kief; flight of, 89.

Gordon (General) entrusted with the royal troops, 317.

Gostomysle raises an embassy to visit the Normans, 27.

Goths, devastation of the, 19. empire of the, 20. suicide of Hermanric, king of the, 20.

Greece, overrun by the Avars, 22. invaded by Monomaque, 72.

Greek Church, declared to be the best, 53.

Greeks, colonies of the, on the Bosporus, 17. coalesce with the Bulgarians and expel Sviatoslaf, 48.

Gregory VII., see Pope

Griska assumes to be prince Dmitri, and invades Russia, 278. crowned emperor, 280. perplexities of, 281. marriage of, by proxy, 281. death of, 283. Polish adventurer claims to be, 284. hung at Moscow, 286.

Gudenow (Boris) his supremacy over Feodor, 271. assassinates Dmitri, 274. his subterfuge to obtain the throne, 275. crowned emperor, 276.

Gustavus III., interview of Catharine with, 443.

Gyda, wife of Monomaque, 75.

Hélène appointed regent of Ivan IV., 204. despotic atrocities of, 204. death of, 207.

Hellespont, origin of the name, 507.

Henry IV. (of Germany) solicited to aid Ysiaslaf, 63.

Henry (prince of Prussia) visits Catharine, 414. schemes of, with Catharine, 417.

Hereditary Descent the cause of war, 112.

Hermanric, suicide of king, 20.

Hermitage, description of the, 416.

Herodotus, his account of the interior of Russia, 17.

Holy Alliance, formation of the, 493.

Hungary, aid from, sent to Ysiaslaf, 80. alliance of, with Russia, 183. revolt of, against Austria, 513.

Huns, Russia devastated by the, 20. revolting appearance of the, 20.

Huns, Attila, king of the, 21. disappearance of the, 21.

Idols, the Greek and Sclavonian, 26. destruction of the, in Russia, 55.

Igor, assumes the government of Russia under the guardianship of Oleg, 30. fears to claim his crown, 32. his love and marriage, 33. assumes the government of Russia, 38. attack on Constantinople, 39. his defeat by the Greeks, 39. second attack on Constantinople, 40. concludes treaty with the Greeks, 40. death of, 41.

Igor II. receives throne of Russia, 78. made prisoner, 78. enters a convent, 78. assassination of, 79.

Ilmen, army on the shores of the lake of, 80.

Impostor, see Griska

Inventions during the reign of Ivan III., 190.

Ivan III. ascends the throne, 168. early marriage of, 168. captures Kezan, 170. affianced to Sophia of Greece, 174. marriage of, 175. his reforms, 176. letter of Vassian to, 179. proposals for the marriage of his daughter, 185. letter of, to Sultan Bajazet II., 186. letter of the Sultan to, 188. death of the wife of, 189. marriage of the son of, 189. death of, 189. discoveries and inventions during the reign of, 190.

Ivan IV. acknowledged as tzar, 204. asserts claim to the throne, 213. coronation of, 214. marriage of, 216. change in the character of, 221. his address to the people, 223. defeat of, by the Tartars, 226. capture of Kezan by, 235. enthusiastic reception of, 237. serious illness of, 240. rebuke of, to Sweden, 252. attaches Livonia, to Russia, 253. death of the wife of, 255. matrimonial projects with Poland, 255. abdication of, 256. petitioned to resume the throne, 257. good will of England to, 259. flight of, 261. strives to be umpire in Poland, 263. defiant demands of Poland on, 264. unpopularity of, 266. death of his son, depression at, 267. death of, 268. his sons, 270.

Ivan V. succeeds to the throne, 368. deposed by Elizabeth. 368. imprisonment and sufferings of, 370. assassination of, 371.

Ivan (brother of Peter I.) seclusion and death of, 310.

Ivanovitch (Jean, of Moscow) reign and death of, 146.

Jacob (General) deserts the Russians and defends Azov, 315. captured and hung, 315.

Jean, base flattery of, to Machmet, 162.

Jean Danielovitch, see Danielovitch

Jena, battle of, 482.

Jews, attempt of André to convert the, 96.

Joseph II. (of Germany) eccentricity of, 437. visit to St. Petersburg, 438.

Kavgadi, taken possession of by Michel, 137.

Kezan, captured by Ivan III., 170. siege of, 229. capture of, 235. insurrection in, 240.

Khan see Genghis

Khozars, the, conquered by Sviatoslaf, 46.

Kief, beauty of the city of, 28. the Norman adventurers Ascolod and Dir remain there, 29. taken by Oleg, 31. the capital of Russia transferred from, to Bulgaria, 48. captured by Vladimir, 52. decoration of, by Yaroslaf, 61. punishment of, by Ysiaslaf, 63. destruction of the citizens of, 66. government offered to Monomaque, 70. festival in honor of the new reign, 71. the inhabitants of, invite Vladimirovitch to ascend the throne of, 76. triumphal entrance of Georges into, 80. Roman appointed prince of, 92. plundered by the Tartars, 124.

Kolomna, emigration from Moscow to, 163.

Kostroma, burned by Constantine, 104.

Kothian (prince of Polovtsi) retreats to Hungary, 123.

Koulikof, battle of, 149.

Kouria (chief of the Petchénègues) defeats Sviatoslaf and makes a drinking cup of his skull, 49.

Ladislaus elected emperor, 286. his election declared void, 287.

Laharpe, efforts of, for the education of Alexander, 473.

Leczinsky (Stanislaus) placed on the Polish throne, 335.

Leon (of Constantine) imbecility of, 35.

Library, foundation of the royal, of St. Petersburg, 345.

Lippenow (Zachary) puts the Polish garrison to death, 287.

London, Peter the Great's visit to, 322.

London Postman, extract from the, 322.

Macedon, see Philip of

Machmet, flattery of Jean to, 162.

Mahomet II., wars with Genghis Khan, 116. death of, 116.

Marcow (Russian embassador) ordered to leave France, 476.

Maria (wife of Vsevolod III.) character of, 102.

Marriage, singular customs in, 289.

Martyrs, Ivan and Theodore, the first Christians, 53.

Menzikoff, sketch of the life of, 336. banished by Frederic II., 366. death of, 366.

Michael III. (of Constantinople), 29.

Michel (of Tchernigof, son of Monomaque) offered the throne of Russia, 97. his reign and death, 98.

Michel (of Tver) succeeds André on the throne of Russia, 136. presents himself before the Tartar horde, 138. execution of, 140.

Missionaries sent through Russia to teach Christianity, 56.

Mogols, character of the, 113. civilization of the, 143.

Moldavia, the inhabitants of, 83.

Monarchy, recapitulation of the Russian, 110. see Chronology

Monomaque offered the Russian crown, 70. he declines it, 71. goes to the rescue of Kief, 71. his expeditions to extend the empire, 72. sons of, 72. conquers the invaders from the Caspian Sea, 72. expedition against Greece, 72. "golden bonnet" of, 73. death of, 73. parting letter of, to his children, 74. wife of, 75.

Moroson, ambitious schemes of, 291. marriage of, 292.

Moscow, first historical mention of, 79. supremacy of, 83. capture of, 89. burned, 98. captured by Bati, 120. flight of Georges II. from, 121. becomes the capital, 142. burned by the Tartars, 154. appearance of, in 1520, 202. destroyed by fire, 218. grand fête at, 239. destroyed by the Tartars, 261. burned by the Poles, 287.

Mstislaf (son of Monomaque) his expeditions and victories, 72. succeeds his father, 75. death of, 76.

Mstislaf Ysiaslavitch, succeeds Rostislaf over Russia, 86. proclamation of, 87. flight of, from Kief, 89. return to Kief, 89. death of, 90.

Mstislaf (son of André) ambition of, 90. summoned Novgorod to surrender, 91. defeat of, 91.

Mstislaf (prince of Galitch) appears in public, 105. aids Constantine, 105. defeats Georges, 106. beaten by the Tartars, 117.

Munich (General) advice of, to Peter, 395. appearance of, before Catharine, 401.

Napoleon, victories of, 465. returns Russian prisoners, 467.

Napoleon, remarks of, on Paul I., 472. reply of, to Alexander, 478. victorious at Austerlitz, 479. letter of, to king of Prussia, 485. exiled to Elba, 493. signs the "Holy Alliance," 496.

Nepeia, the first Russian embassador, 248. his reception in London, 248.

Nestor, record of, of the Christians in Constantinople, 41.

Nicholas, takes oath of allegiance to Constantine, 501. ascends the throne, 502. puts down the rebellion, 503. power of, 506. assists Turks against Egypt, 513. crushes Hungarian revolt, 513. defeated at Sevastopol, 514. death of, 517.

Nijni Novgorod, Georges II. founds the city of, 110.

Noble, requisite for becoming a, 25.

Normans, at first called Scandinavians, 23. early power and discoveries of, 23. superior civilization of the, 26.

Notre Dame, burial of Ysiaslaf in, 66.

Novgorod, Rurik establishes his court at, 27. annexed by Georgievitch, 84. successful defense of, 91. Rurik appointed prince of, 92. George sent to, to adjust the difficulties in, 92.

Octai succeeds Genghis Khan, 118. letter of, to the king of France, 127.

Oleg, the guardian of Igor, 30. assassinates Ascolod and Dir, 31. dominion of, 31. attempts a march upon Constantinople, 33. the expedition, 35. his treaty with the Greeks, 36. death of, 37. his popularity and labors for Russia, 38. (son of Sviatoslaf) receives the government of the Drevliens, 48. defeated by Yaropolk, 49. death of, 50. bones of, disinterred and baptised, 61.

Olga (wife of Igor) assumes the regency, 42. she punishes the Drevliens, 42. conversion of, to Christianity, 43. baptised by the name of Helen, 44. death of, 46.

Orlof (count) haughty behavior of, 407.

Ottoman Porte, manifesto of the, 442.

Paganism in Russia demolished at a blow, 56.

Paul I. (son of Catharine) marriage of, 421. death of his wife, 432. visit of, to Frederick, 433. marriage of, 436. travels of, 438. ignorance of, 454. extravagance of, 455. reëstablishment of ancient etiquette, 456. a horse court-martialed by, 457. reason for his caprices, 458. fury of, on learning his defeat, 465. letter of, to Napoleon, 467. surrounding influences of, 468. conspiracy against, 469. assassination of, 470.

Pekin burned by the Tartars, 115.

Pereaslavle, the territory of, given to Vsevolod, 61.

Peregeslavetz, reconquered, and made the capital by Sviatoslaf, 48.

Periaslavle, battle of the city of, 80.

Peroune, one of the gods of the Russians, 41. the idol of, destroyed, 55.

Petchénègues, Igor purchases peace with the, 39. Sviatoslaf defeated by the, 49.

Peter I. (the Great) marriage of, 309. attempted assassination of, 309. his return to Moscow, 310. indications of greatness, 311. his passion for the ocean, 312. settles Chinese difficulties, 314. captures Azof, 315. resolves to travel incognito, 316. his attack on La Fort, 317. his residence at Zaandam, 318. his recognition, 319. anecdotes of, 320. his thirst for knowledge, 321. visit to London, 322. return to Moscow, 325. his reforms in the church, 326. change of the calendar, 327. troubles of, with Sweden, 328. coolness on hearing of the defeat of his army, 329. founds St. Petersburg, 332. captures Marienburg, 333. meets Catharine and privately marries her, 333. defeats Charles XII., 339. demands of, on Queen Anne, 341. reply of Anne to, 342. captures Livonia, 342. desperate condition of, 343. public marriage of, 345. journeys of, 346. residence in Paris, 349. letters of, to Alexis, 351. arraigns his son for high treason, 356. effects a peace with Sweden, 360. causes coronation of Catharine, 361. death of, 362. inscription on the tomb of, 368. statue erected to, 440.

Peter II., regency of, 365. death of, 366.

Peter III., succeeds Elizabeth, 377. early life of, and acquaintance with Catharine, 380. determines to repudiate Catharine, 390. alarm of, on the escape of Catharine, 395. abject humiliation of, 398. abdication of, 399. assassination of, 402.

Peterhoff, the palace of, 504.

Philip (of Macedon) conquers the Scythians, 18.

Plague, devastations of the, 419.

Poland, aid from, to Ysiaslaf, 80. Stephen Bathori elected king, 261. demands of, on Russia, 264. conquests of, 255. conquests of Alexis in, 295. death of the king of, 298. John Sobieski chosen king of, 298. Stanislaus Leczinsky placed on the throne of, 335. degeneration of, 414. sliced by Russia, Austria and Prussia, 420. rebellion in, 513.

Poles, rise of the, 513.

Polotsk, captured by Vlademer, 52.

Polovtsi, the nation of, 123.

Pope (Gregory VII.) promises to assist Ysiaslaf, 64. letter of, to Ysiaslaf, 64. letter of, to the king of Poland, 65.

Pope (Innocent III.) his letter to the Russian clergy, 102.

Poppel (Nicholas) visit of, to Russia, 184. solicits the daughter of Ivan for Albert of Baden, 184.

Porphyrogenete, the emperor of Constantinople, 43.

Pugatshef, conspiracy of, 427. execution of, 429.

Pultowa, battle of, 339. festival, 346.

Religion of the Sclavonians, 26.

Republicanism, first indication of, 131.

Rogneda, refusal of, to marry Vlademer, 51. forced to marry Vlademer, 52.

Roman (prince of Smolensk) appointed prince of Novgorod, 92.

Romanow (Michael Feodor) elected emperor, 287. marriage of, 290. prosperous reign, and death, 291.

Rome purchases peace of the Sarmatians, 18.

Romish Church, its dominion over the Greek church, 10.

Rostislaf succeeds to the throne of Russia, 18. driven from the throne by Georges, 82. expels Davidovitch from the throne, 83. death of, 86.

Rostof burned by Georges, 104.

Rovgolod (governor of Polotsk) his daughter demanded by Vlademer, 51. death of, 52.

Rurik, Sineous, and Truvor, consent to govern Scandinavia, 27. unites the territories of his brothers to his own, 28. death of, 30. his crown descends to Igor, his son, 30.

Rurik (brother of André) appointed prince of Novgorod, 92.

Russia, history of, 17. after disappearance of the Huns, 21. earliest reliable information of, 23. sudden rise of, from the Sclavonians, 26. derivation of the name of, 27. confusion of, in consequence of the death of Sviatoslaf, 49. united under Yaropolk, 50. years of pence under Vlademer, 57. division of the empire of, 57. calamity to, by the death of Yaroslaf, 62. death penalty abolished in, 66. misery and suffering in, 66. Vsevolod succeeds Ysiaslaf in the government of, 66. Sviatopolk assumes crown of, 59. abandoned to destruction, 69. Monomaque offered crown of, 70. invaded by the Caspian hordes, 72. Mstislaf becomes emperor of, 75. famine and pestilence in, 76. throne of, seized by Viatcheslaf, 77. throne of, seized by Vsevolod, 77. throne of, demised to Igor, 78. varied fortunes of, 81. Rostislaf succeeds Ysiaslaf in the government of, 81. Georges secures the throne of, 82. Mstislaf Ysiaslavitch succeeds Rostislaf as emperor of, 86. union of the princes of, 87. old feuds in, revived, 88. fall of the capital of, 89. André succeeds Mstislaf Ysiaslavitch as emperor of, 89. André becomes monarch of, 95. Michel offered the throne of, 97. Michel's reign over, 98. accession of Vsevelod III., 98. Georges ascends the throne of, 104. famine in, 105. Constantine ascends throne of, 108. Georges II. ascends throne of, 109. recapitulation of the establishment of the monarchy of, 110. subdivision of, 111. Yaroslaf, prince of Kief, ascends the throne of, 123. in the power of Bati, 125. annihilated as a kingdom, 126. Dmitri ascends the throne of, 133. André ascends the throne of, 133. ceases to be a monarchy, 135. evils to, resulting from the death of André, 136. Michel succeeds André, 136. Georges of Moscow succeeds Michel, 140. Alexander succeeds Georges, 141. Jean Danielovitch succeeds Alexander, 142. Simeon succeeds Danielovitch, 143. accession of Ivanovitch, 146. accession of Dmitri of Souzdal, 146. accession of Dmitri of Moscow, 146. again brought under Tartar rule, 155. Vassali ascends the throne of, 156. Vassali Vassalievitch ascends the throne of, 162. Ivan III. ascends the throne of, 168. rise of, in estimation of Europe, 172. invaded by the Mogols, 177. alliance of, with Hungary, 183. Vassili ascends the throne of, 191. splendor of the court of, 199. invaded by Sigismond, 205. Hélène assumes the regency of, 204. Vassali Schouisky succeeds Hélène in, 208. Ivan Schouisky succeeds Vassali, 208. Ivan Belsky chosen regent of, 209. Ivan IV. ascends the throne of, 214. news of the discovery of, arrives in England, 246. commerce with England, 247. the first embassador from, 248. Livonia attached to, 253. peril of, 265. Feodor ascends the throne of, 270. Boris Gudenow crowned, 276. Griska crowned king of, 280. Zuski elected emperor of, 283. Ladislaus elected king of, 285. Romanow elected emperor of, 287. Alexis succeeds Romanow, 291. Feodor succeeds Alexis, 299. Sophia, as regent for Ivan, succeeds Feodor, 303. Peter succeeds Sophia, 310. Catharine I. succeeds Peter I., 364. Peter II. succeeds Catharine I., 365. Anne succeeds Peter II., 367. Ivan V. succeeds Anne, 368. Elizabeth succeeds Ivan V., 369. Peter III. succeeds Elizabeth, 377. Catharine II., accession of, 403. desolation of, by the Plague, 419. vast wealth of the court of, 420. judicial divisions of, 431. difficulties between Turkey and, 438. Paul I. succeeds Catharine II., 454. Alexander succeeds Paul I., 471. absence of bookstores in, 475. treaty between France and, 476. Nicholas succeeds Alexander I., 502. extent of the territory of, 506. Alexander II. succeeds Nicholas, 517.

Russians, description of the early, 23. their mode of warfare, 23. retreat of the, before Akhmet, 181.

"Russian Justice," the code called, drawn by Yaroslaf, 62.

Samarcande destroyed by the Tartars, 116.

Sarmatia, Scythian name changed to, 18.

Scandinavians, called also Normans, 23. See also Normans

Schevkal conquered by the Tverians, 141.

Schlippenbuch (Col.), heroism of, 331.

Schlit sent to induce emigration of illustrious men, 224. arrested by Charles V., 225.

Schouisky (Vassali) declares himself Tzar; death of, 208.

Schouisky (Ivan) succeeds his brother Vassali, 208. dismissal of, 209. assassinates Belsky and secures the regency, 212.

Sclavonians, conquests of the, 22. early religion of the, 26. send to the Normans to demand a king, 26.

Schools introduction of, 57. character of the, 475.

Scythians, irruption of the, into Russia, 17. character of the, 18. name changed to "Sarmatians," 18.

Sevastopol, siege of, 514.

Siberia, position and character of, 273.

Sigismond (of Poland) invades Russia, 205.

Simeon (son of Danielovitch) ascends the throne, 14. (son of Jean) acquires the title of the Superb, 144. death of, 145. Sineous, Rurik, and Truvor, consent to govern Scandinavia, 27. death of, 28.

Slave, the use of the word abolished, 32.

Slavery in Russia, 202.

Slave Trade, argument used for the, 100.

Sloutsk, burned by Gleb, 73.

Smolensk, Truvor establishes his court near, 27. gains territory of Viatcheslaf, 61. flight of, Ysiaslaf to, 80.

Sophia instigates a massacre, 304. appointed as regent, 306. quells an insurrection, 307. returns to Moscow, 308. sends first embassador to France, 308. attempts to assassinate Peter, 309. termination of the regency of, 310. insurrection headed by, 325.

Souzdal increasing civilization of, 83. sympathy of the people of, for Sviatoslaf, 79. the country of, desolated, 80.

Staradoub, siege of, 206.

St. Petersburg, founding of, 334. arrival of first ship at, 335. Swedes driven from, 336. the winter palace of, 505.

St. Sophia, burial of Vsevolod in the church of, 68.

Succession, the Russian right of, 112.

Suwarrow (Gen.), character and origin of, 461. his hatred of the French, 462. vanquishes Moreau, 464. utter defeat of, 465.

Sviatopolk (the Miserable) seizes Russia and kills his brothers, 58. defeated by Yaroslaf, 59. drives Yaroslaf from Kief, 59. poisons the Polish army, 59. driven from Kief, 59. raises an army of Petchénègues, 59. flight and death of, 60.

Sviatopolk assumes the government of Russia, 69. defeat and flight of, 69. character and death of, 70.

Sviatoslaf, son of Igor, 42. his opposition to embracing Christianity, 44. assumes the crown, 45. his character and ambition, 45. conquers the Khozars, 46. annexes Bulgaria, 46. indulgencies of, 47. transfers his capital from Kief to Bulgaria, 48. the sons of, 48. reconquers Peregeslavetz, 48. driven from Bulgaria, 48. personal appearance of, 49. defeat of, by the Petchénègues, and death of, 49. Tchernigof given to, 61. death of, 65.

Sviatoslaf, (grandson of Oleg) given the command of the troops of André, 93. defeated at Vouoychegorod, 94.

Sviatoslaf (prince of Tchernigof) marches against Vsevelod, 99. establishes his court at Novgorod, 99. treaty of, with Vsevelod, 100. marriage of, 100.

Sviatosolaf (brother of Igor) attempts to recover the throne for Igor, 78. conquered by Ysiaslaf, 79.

Sylvestre, bold address of, to Ivan IV., 22.

Tamerlane invades Russia, 153. history of, 157.

Tartars, reign of the, 113. plunder Kief, 124. embrace Mahommedanism, 131. defeat of the, by Dmitri, 151. panic and retreat of the, 181.

Tchanibek assassinates his brother and assumes the Tartar rule, 144.

Tchernigof, the territory of, given to Sviatoslaf, 61.

Tchoudes, the, conquered by Mstislaf, 76.

Temoutchin rise of, 114. assumes the name of Genghis Khan, 115. See Genghis Khan

Theology, the Tartars, 127.

Tilsit, peace of, 487.

Toleration in religion granted by Oleg, 33. of Vladimir, 56.

Trajan, province of Dacia conquered by, 19.

Treaty of Oleg with the Greeks, 86.

Tribute exacted by the Tartars, 129.

Truvor, Rurik, and Sineous, consent to govern Scandinavia, 27. death of, 28.

Turkey overrun by the Russians, 419. peace with, 425. treaty between, and Russia, 513.

Turkish Question, see Eastern Question

Tzars, see Chronology and Russia

Usbeck (king of the Tartars) great hunting expedition of, 138. appoints Alexander, son of Michel, to the throne of Russia, 141. death of, 144.

Vassali, succeeds Yaroslaf, 132. death of, 132. Dmitri succeeds, 133. ascends the throne, 155. death of, 161.

Vassalievitch ascends the throne, 162. deposed by Youri, 163. returns to Moscow, 164. capture of, 165. his eyes torn out, 165. re-captures Moscow, 166. change in character of, 166. death of, 167.

Vassian (archbishop of Moscow) letter of, to Ivan III., 179. honor and death of, 183. (of Kolumna) advice of, to Ivan IV., 242.

Vassili (son of Ivan III.) marriage of, 189. ascends the throne, 191. treaty of, with the Tartars, 192. embassage from, to the Turks, 193. embassage from the Turks to, 194. embassage from Germany to, 194. unites with Poland against the Turks, 197. death of, 198.

Viatcheslaf, the territory of, given to Smolensk, 61.

Viatcheslaf seizes the throne of Kief, 77. surrender of, to Vsevolod, 77.

Vlademer (illegitimate son of Sviatoslaf) receives command of Novgorod, 48. flight of, 50. he demands the daughter of Rovgolod, 51. reply of Rogneda to, 51. the mother of, 51. captures Polotsk, kills Rovgolod and marries Rogneda, 52. captures Kief, 52. assassinates Yaropolk, 52. sacrifices children to idols, 53. conversion of, to Christianity, 53. demands Anne of Constantinople as his bride, 54. marriage of, 55. his efforts to expel paganism, 55. toleration of, 56. excessive benevolence of, 57. death of, 57. Sviatopolk succeeds him, 58. surrenders his crown to Sviatopolk, 69.

Vladimir captured, 122.

Vladimirovitch invited to take the throne of Russia, 76. death of, 77.

Voltaire, library of, purchased by Catharine, 446.

Vouoychegorod, heroic defense of the fortress of, 93.

Vseslaf proclaimed king, 62.

Vsevolod, the territory of Pereaslavle given to, 61. succeeds Ysiaslaf, 66. character of, 67. death of, 68.

Vsevolod III., accession of, to the Russian throne, 98. seizes the embassadors of Sviatoslaf, 99. seizes Novgorod, 100. treaty with Sviatoslaf, 100. expedition against Bulgaria, 101. death of; wife of, 102.

Vsevolod (son of Monomaque) expedition of, to Finland, 72. establishes himself on the throne at Kief, 77. death of 78.

Woman, indignities to which she was subjected, 24.

Yaropolk (son of Sviatoslaf) receives the government of Kief, 48. conquers Oleg, 49. Russia united under him, 50. the betrothed of, 51. assassinated, 52. the bones of, disinterred and baptized, 61. (son of Monomaque), expedition to the Don, 72. conquered by beauty, 72. marriage of, 72. captures Gleb, burns Droutsk, 73.

Yaroslaf, march of, against his brother Sviatopolk, 58. defeats Sviatopolk, 59. driven from Kief, 59. drives Sviatopolk from Kief, 59. conquers him on the banks of the Alta, 59. secures the government of Russia, 60. prosperity of Russia under the rule of, 60. attempts of, to educate the Russians, 60. letter of, to his children, and bequests of, 61. death of, 61. works of, 61.

Yaroslaf (prince of Kief) ascends the Russian throne, 123. energy and nobility of, 123. commanded to appear before Bati, 125. sent to Octai, 125. death of, 126.

Yaroslaf (of Tiver) succeeds Alexander, 130. accused by the people, 130. humiliation of, and exile, 131. sends embassadors to the Tartars; death of, 131. Vassali succeeds, 132.

Youri captures Moscow and deposes Vassili, 163. death of, 164.

Ysiaslaf I. (son of Yaroslaf) nominated emperor of Russia by his father, 61. troubles and flight of, 62. his reception in Poland, 63. his punishment of Kief, 63. flight of, to Germany, 63. implores aid of the Pope, 64. recovers his kingdom, 65. death of, 65.

Ysiaslaf II. seizes the throne of Russia, 78. conquers Sviatoslaf, 77. his address to the Novgorodians, 79. conquered by Georges, 80. flight of, to Smolensk, 80. varied fortunes of, 81. death of, 82.

Zerebrinow, routs the Turks at Azof, 259.

Zuski heads an insurrection, 282. elected emperor by the people, 283. death of, 286.