INDEX

Abortion, 93, 118

Accidents to children, 136

Acquired immunity, 86. See also Regeneration

Adoption, 90, 117

Advice to mothers, 65, 134

Age of parents, 80, 81

— productive and unproductive, 12

— pyramid, 12, 13

Agricultural colonies, 146

— schools, 214

Agriculture, 156, 157, 158

Aims of child-protection, 4

Alcoholism, 79, 80, 129, 262, 267, 269

Apprenticeship, 162, 168, 169, 170, 171

Artificial feeding, 19, 24, 126, 127, 128, 134, 135, 137, 143, 167, 179

Artificial selection, 25-41. See also Eugenics, Euthanasia, and Marriage and Heredity

Atavism, 78

Atrophy, infantile, 50, 127

Austria, 157, 158

Authority for child-protection, centralised, 64, 65

Authority, parental, 71-76

Baby-farming, 132, 146-152

— murderous, 95, 96, 150

Bastardy actions, loose conduct as defence in, 90

Baths for school children, 202

Beauty, 192

Begging, 164, 168, 261

Belgium, 222

Betrothed, children of, 99

Blindness, 179, 180, 181

Blind schools, 181

Boarding-out, 132, 141, 144, 145, 147

Breast feeding, 126-128

Capacity for understanding the punishable character of an offence, 221, 228

— inborn, 28

Capitalism (private), its destruction essential to true child-protection, 56, 57

Care after leaving school, 211-215

— of foundlings, 44, 45, 46, 49, 52, 53, 58, 59, 61-64, 66, 67, 101, 102, 121, 122, 131, 132, 135, 184

Care of foundlings, Latin system and Germanic system, 144-146

— institutional. See Institutional Celibacy, 84

Centralised authority for child-protection, 64, 65

Certificates, medical. See Doctors Character, inborn, 29

— of the child, 29

Charity Organisation Society, 61

Childbirth, 94, 120, 121

Child-labour, 155-179

— mortality, 17-24

— protection after birth, 121, 122

— — before birth, 118, 119

— — during birth, 120, 121

— — for the illegitimate, 90-105

— — of the future, 56, 57

— — and the population question, 3-5

Children, wet-nursing of. See Wet-nursing

Children’s clinics, 180

— clubs, 208

— hospitals, 180

Civil law and individual rights, department of, 71-117

Class differences in upbringing, 36, 37

Classical criminal law, 220-222

Clinics, children’s, 180

Co-education, 197, 198

Coercive reformatory education, 75, 152, 154, 223, 236-241

Colonies, agricultural. See Agricultural Colonies

— semi-urban, 183

Community at large, 60, 61

Compulsory military service, 84

— school attendance, 168, 188, 189

Conception, prevention of, 8

Conditional release, 231, 232

— remission of punishment, 231, 232

— sentence, 231, 232

Confidential assistants to the official guardian, 115, 116

Congenital syphilis, 132

Consultations de nourrissons, 134

Continuation schools, 213

Contracts of service for minors, 108

Convalescent homes, 121

Cooking, instruction in, 210, 213, 214

Corporal punishment, 33, 34

Country holiday funds and open-air schools, 182, 183

Cow’s milk, 125, 126, 132-134. See also Artificial Feeding

Crèche, 43, 135-138

Criminal law, 217-269

— — classical, 220-222

— responsibility, 221-225, 228 et seq.

Criminality, juvenile, 97, 98, 217-242

— in the illegitimate, 97, 98

Cripples, 180

Cripples’ schools, 181

Culture, general. See General Culture

Curriculum for child-protection, 66

Darwinism, 45, 46, 47

Deaf-mute schools, 181

Deaf-mutism, 180, 181, 182

Debility, congenital, 50, 94

Defectives, euthanasia of, 257, 258

Denmark, 215, 230

Diarrhœa. See Intestinal

Digestive disorders, 127

Disabilities of the illegitimate, 90-93

Disciplinary classes, 196

Diseases, infective. See Diseases

— of occupation, 163

— of school life, 202

Divorce, 83

Doctors, 46, 66, 88, 89, 120, 121, 138, 151, 172, 184

Domestic assistants, 121

— care clubs, 121

— economy, instruction in, 210, 213, 214

— instructors, 186, 187

— servants, 37, 169, 250

— work, 155

Domicile, 63, 112

Ecclesiastical benevolence, 61, 62

— marriage prohibitions, 83, 84

Education, 76, 185-216

— and heredity, 25-41

— by parents, 34-36

— coercive reformatory, 75, 152, 154, 223, 236-241

— factors of, 37, 38

— institutional. See Institutional

— physical, 201-204

— sexual, 197-199

— under care, 75. See also Coercive Reformatory Education

Educational science, 39

Elementary school, public, 185-216

— — unified, 216

Enfants assistés, 117

England, 53, 59, 61, 62, 112, 133, 141, 145, 152, 155, 168, 172, 174, 183, 198, 203, 211, 220, 222, 230, 235, 237, 248, 262, 265

Enlightenment of children, sexual, 197-199

Environment, 37, 38

Epidemic diseases, 135

Ethical instruction, 199-201

Eugenics, 25-41, 257, 258

Euthanasia, 257, 258

Example, good, 32, 33

Exceptio plurium concumbentium, 90

Excess of women, 13-15

Exclusion of certain school children, 195, 196

Executive instruments of child-protection, 58-68

Exposure of infants, 95, 142

Factors of child-protection, 58-68

— of education, 37, 38

— of poor relief, 58-59

Factory crèche, 137-138

— inspection, 172, 173

Family crèche, 137-138

— education, 53, 148-152, 235, 236

— schools, 185

Feeble-mindedness, congenital, 30

Feeding of school children, 209-211

— rooms for the infants of women working in factories, 137, 138

Feminine chastity, protection of, 260

Fertility of the lower classes, 5-9

Fines, 225

Flogging, 230. See also Corporal Punishment

Foundlings, care of, 44, 45, 46, 47, 52, 53, 58, 59, 61-64, 66, 67, 101, 102, 121, 122, 130-132, 135, 141-154, 184

France, 5, 58, 101, 102, 116, 117, 123, 128, 132, 133, 147, 153, 172, 200, 201, 209, 222, 237, 256

Free-love, 105

Future, child-protection of, 56, 57

General culture, 32, 191, 192

Germany, 60, 100, 114, 116, 123, 133, 138, 141, 152, 157, 158, 160, 172, 203, 248

Gonorrhœa, 80

Gonorrhœal ophthalmia. See Ophthalmia of the New-born

Good example, 32, 33

Gouttes de Lait, 133

Governesses and tutors, 186, 187

Government, central, 61-63

— local, 59, 60

Great number of children, 20-22, 26

Guardianship, 107-117

Guardianship, official and institutional, 112-116

Guilds, 155

Gymnastic lessons, 202

Gynecology, 94, 120, 121

Half-timers, 169

Health of proletarian children, 178

— resorts for children, 183

Heredity, 77-89

— and education, 25-41

— and marriage, 77-89

Holiday playgrounds, 183

Home education, difficulties of, 39, 40

— industry, 160, 162

— work for school children, 194, 195

Homes of technical instruction for girls, 170

Hospitalism, 135

“Hospital-marasmus,” 135

Hospitals, lying-in, 121, 134

Household right, 63

Housekeeping, instruction in, 213, 214

Housing conditions and child mortality, 23

Human milk, 125, 126. See also Breast Feeding

Hungarian Child-Protection League, 61

Hungary, 54, 56, 61, 62, 137, 143, 146, 152, 153, 208, 248

Illegitimacy and occupation, 99

— and prostitution, 98, 99

Illegitimate children, 47, 64, 71, 90-105

— sexual relations, 15, 16

Illiteracy, 32

Ill-treatment of children, 196, 260-269

Imbecility. See Feeble-mindedness

Immunity, acquired, 86. See also Regeneration

Imprisonment, 225-228

Incubators, 122

Indeterminate sentence, 232, 233, 239-241

Individual guardianship, 108-117

Individualisation, 31, 192, 237

Individuality, 31, 192

Industrial reserve army, 31

— schools, 238

Ineducability, 30

Infant-feeding, natural, artificial, and by wet-nurses, 125-140

Infanticide, 95, 96, 142, 256, 257

Infantile atrophy. See Atrophy

Infant life protection, 125-140

— mortality, 17-24, 96

— — attainable minimum of, 18

Infants’ hospitals, 134, 180

— milk depots, 65, 133

Infective diseases, 51, 129. See also under Special Diseases, as Syphilis, Tuberculosis, &c.

Inheritance, 28, 77-89

— of disease, 78-80

Inquiry into paternity, 58

Institutional and official guardianship, 112-117

— care, 148-150

— — of infants, 135-138

— education, 235-238

Instruction, religious and moral, 199-201

Instructions for pregnant women, 118

Instruments of child-protection, executive, 58-68

Insurance of children, 262

— of motherhood, 122-124

Intra-uterine influences, 96

Intestinal catarrh, 135

— disorders, 50

Italy, 58, 101, 102, 123, 147

Juvenile criminality, 97, 98, 217-242

Kinderhorte, 208

Kinderschutzliga, 61

Kin, marriage of near, 81, 82

Knowledge, 192, 193

Krankenkassen, 120

Labour, premature, 11, 93, 94, 166

Lactation, constitutional incapacity for, 128, 129

La Recherche de la Paternité, 58

Law, classical criminal, 220, 222

— of parsimony, 42

Laws for child-protection, unified system, 63, 64

Leaflets on infant care, 138

Legal protection of children against consequences of their own actions, 106, 107

Legitimatio per rescriptum principis, 90

— — subsequens matrimonium, 90

Legitimisation, 90, 117

Lex minimi, 42

Limited powers of minors, 106-107

Local governing bodies, 59, 60

Loose conduct as a defence in bastardy actions, 90

Lying-in hospitals, 121, 134

Maintenance allowances, 104

Malthus, 5

Maltreatment of children, 196, 260-269

Manual training, 204-208

Marasmus. See Atrophy

Margate, 183

Mark system, 239

Marriage, 15, 71-89

— and disease. See Marriage and Heredity

— early, 15

— and heredity, 77-89

— and parental authority, 71-76

— history, 72

— of near kin, 81, 82

— prohibitions, 83-89

Maternal authority, 73

Matriarchy, 72

Medical profession, medical science, &c. See Doctors

Mendicancy, 164, 168, 261

Mental disorders, 30, 79-80, 163-164

Mercantile system, 5

— theory of political economy, 5

Merit system, 239

Meteorological conditions, 24

Midwives and monthly nurses, 120, 121, 138

— schools for, 65, 134

Military service, compulsory, 84

Milk. See Cow’s Milk and Human Milk

— depots, 133

— stations, 183

Minors, limited powers of, 106-107

Miscarriage, 11

Monogamy, 105

Monthly nurses and midwives, 120, 121, 138

Moral instruction, 199-201

Morphinism, 80, 129

Mortality, 11-12

— of illegitimate, 94-97

Mother as guardian, 94

Motherhood, insurance of, 122-124

— protection, 118-124

Mothers, advice to, 134

— schools for. See Schools

Mutterschaftskassen, 124

Napoleon I, 153

Natural selection, 25-41, 45-47

New-born, ophthalmia of. See Ophthalmia

Night work, 156

Norway, 127

Notification of pregnancy. See Pregnancy

Number of children, great, 20-22, 26

Object lessons, 206

Objections to child-protection, 43-45

Obstetrics. See Gynecology

Occupation, diseases of, 163

Offences against children, punishable, 238-269

Official and institutional guardianship, 112-117

— and private activities, 65-66

Open-air schools, 182, 183

— — and country holiday funds, 182, 183

Ophthalmia, contagious, 135

— of the new-born, 80, 179

Organisation of juvenile labour, 170, 171

Orphan asylum, 145

“Over-parent,” State as, 74-76

Parental authority, 71-76

Parents, age of. See Age of Parents

Parents’ evenings at school, 197

Parents, school, environment, 37, 38

Parole, release on, 231, 232

Paternal authority, 73

Paternity, inquiry into, 58

Patriarchy, 72

Physical education, 201-204

Physicians. See Doctors

Playgrounds for children, supervised, 208

Pneumonia, 135

Poor-relief, factors of, 58, 59

Population question, quantity, 3-16

— — quality, 25-41

— classified according to age, 12, 13

Poverty, 51, 52

Powers of minors, limited, 106-107

Pregnancy, notification of, 119

Pregnant women, instructions for, 118

Premature labour, 11, 93, 94, 166

Preparatory schools, 208

Prevention, 42

Preventive methods. See Conception, prevention of

Primiparae, 96

Private and official activities, 65-66

Probation, 231, 232

— officer, 247

Procurement, 251, 260

Proletarian children, health of, 178

Property of wards, 108, 116

Pros and cons of child-protection, 42-58

Prostitution, 98, 99, 118, 249-253

Protection of feminine chastity, 260

Prussia, 140

Public advocacy of breast-feeding, 133, 144

— elementary school, 185-216

— performances by children, 168

Punishable character of an offence, capacity for understanding the, 221, 228

— offences against children, 254-269

Punishment, conditional remission of, 231-232

— corporal, 33, 34. See also Flogging

Punishments and rewards, 196

Quality of population, 20-41

Quantity of population, 3-10

Rachitis, 127, 162

Rape, 259, 260

Recognition, 90

Reformatory education, coercive, 75, 152, 154, 223, 236-241

— schools, 236-241

— system, 236-241

Regeneration, 86, 88

Relative as guardian, 110

Release, conditional, 231-232

— on parole, 231, 232

Religious and moral instruction, 199-201

Religious motives for ill-treating children, 262

Repressive measures, 42, 55

Reprimand, 230

Rescue homes, 146

Reserve army of labour, 51

Resident wet-nurses, 131

Responsibility, criminal, 221-225, 228 et seq.

Rewards and punishments, 196

Rickets, 127, 162

Sanatoria, 183

Scattered homes, 146

School and juvenile criminality, 229, 230

— attendance, compulsory, 168, 188, 189

— baths, 202

— care after leaving, 211-215

— diseases, 202

— feeding, 209-211

— gardens, 202

— hygiene, 202

— kitchens, 210

— nurses, 203

— physicians, 67, 202, 203

— public elementary, 185-216

— savings banks, 209

— teachers, 172, 265

— unified elementary, 216

Schools, agricultural, 214

— for mothers, 138, 139

— for the blind, 181

— industrial, 238

— of child-protection, 66

— of public welfare, 66

— preparatory, 208

— reformatory, 236-241

Science, 193, 194

Scrofula, 50

Seasonal variations in birth-rate, 24

Seduction, 260

Selection, artificial, 25-41

— natural, 25-41, 45-47

Semi-urban colonies, 183

Sentence, conditional, 231-232

Servants, domestic, 37, 169, 250

Sexual education, 197-199

— enlightenment of children, 197-199

— motives for ill-treating children, 262

— relations, illegitimate, 15, 16

Sicily, 163

Siege of Paris, infant mortality during, 127

Social developments of the near future, 39-41, 56, 57

— hygiene, 179, 180

Socialism, 51-57

— and palliatives, 56, 57

Societies for prevention of cruelty to children, 265

Special schools for defective children, 181, 182

State as “over-parent,” 74-76

Still-birth, 11, 93, 166, 167

Stomach disorders, 50

Summer and child mortality, 24

Supervised playgrounds for children, 208

Supervision of family care, 150-152

Sweden, 127

Switzerland, 117, 157, 182, 209

Syphilis, 80, 93, 94, 96, 118, 129

— congenital, 132

Tobacco, 267, 269

Towns, child mortality in, 22, 23

Training ships, 146

Transmission of venereal diseases, 84, 85

Truants, 195

Tuberculosis, 42, 80, 127, 129, 182, 202

Turn-table, 44, 45, 142, 143

Tutors and governesses, 186, 187

Underfeeding of proletarian children, 178, 179

Understanding the punishable character of an offence, the capacity for, 221, 228

Unified school for all classes, 216

Unified system of laws for child-protection, 63, 64

United States of America, 53, 61, 89, 108, 172, 173, 196, 197, 201, 203, 208, 209, 215, 222, 223, 231, 232, 233, 235, 237, 238, 240, 246, 247, 265

Venereal diseases, 85, 251

Voluntary benevolent activities, 60, 61

— workers, 65, 66

Wages, 158, 159, 160, 161, 166, 176, 213

Wards, property of, 108, 116

Warm chambers, 122

Welfare, schools of public, 66

Wet-nurses, resident and non-resident, 131

Wet-nursing of children, 126, 127, 130-132, 146-148

White slave traffic, 251, 260

Withdrawal of parental authority, 75, 76

Women, excess of, 13-15

Women’s labour and child-labour, 155-177

Workers, voluntary, 65, 66

Workhouse system, 145

Youth, criminality in, 217-242

THE END

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