INDEX
Reading edition
Act for the further Security of the Protestant Succession, 370
Act of Precedence, 404, 406
Act of Security (1704), 372-3
Act of Settlement (1701), 7, 225 note, 321-2
Act of Union (1707), 373, 392
Addison, 388-9; cited, 335 note
Adolphus John, Prince, 108-9
Alexander VII, Pope, 162
Amalia, Landgravine of Hesse-Cassel, 97
Amalia, Raugravine (niece of Sophia), 102, 371
Amalia von Solms, Princess of Orange, 43, 56, 82
Anna Eleonora, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 115
Anna Maria, Duchess of Savoy, 225 and note, 301, 321
Anne, Queen (wife of James I), 13
Anne, Queen of England, suggested marriage of, with George Lewis, 189; Bill of Rights (1689) as affecting, 217; birth of her son the Duke of Gloucester, 219; political intrigue (1700), 312; attitude towards Sophia and relations with her, 363, 366 and notes—9, 386-7, 390-1, 394, 396, 403, 404 note 173, 408, 410; attitude towards Hanoverian Succession, 366, 368-9, 391, 396, 409, 412-13; towards her half-brother James, 369, 372, 392-3, 408; proposed visit of Sophia to England opposed by, 370, 386; death of her husband, 395; ministerial crisis (1710), 396-8; relations with Augustus II, King of Poland, 404 note 173; illness (1713), 414, 415; speech at opening of Parliament (Feb. 1714), 416-17; attack of erysipelas (Mar. 1714), 437 note; letter to Sophia (Apr. 1714), 421-2; attitude towards affair of delayed Parliamentary writ for Electoral Prince, 419, 426; letters to Hanover on the subject, 428-31; dismisses Oxford, 437; last illness, 437; appoints Shrewsbury Lord Treasurer, 438; death, 436, 438; political incapacity, 368-9, 387; Toryism, 368; otherwise mentioned, 8, 293 note, 305, 307-8, 344, 347, 365, 389 note
Anne of Gonzaga (Princess Palatine), marriage and career of, 66-8; schemes of, 126, 129, 166, 175, 176
Antony Ulric, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, ambition and career of, 146-7; conversion to Roman Catholicism, 176; 554marriage scheme for his son, 185; romance by, regarding Sophia Dorothea, 192 and note, 239 and note, 283 note; opposition regarding Hanoverian Electorate, 235-8; Mesopotamian Shepherdess by, 333 note; mentioned, 201, 203
Arcy, Marquis de, 193
Arundel, Lord, 71 note
Assing, Rosemunde von, 343 note
Attainder and Abjuration Acts (1702), 364-5
Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 145
Augustus II, King of Poland, 404 and note 173
Augustus the Strong. See Frederick Augustus, Elector of Saxony
Augustus Frederick, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 185, 189
Austria, Bavarian treaty with (1628), 48
Aveiro, Duke of, 106
Bahr, von, 282
Balati, Abbé, 164 note, 194
Bannier, Colonel, 278
Barclay, Robert, 122
Bard. See Bellmont
Bayle, 300
Behmen, Jacob, 343
Bellmont (Bellamont), Lady (Francesca Bard), 103, 375 note
Benedicta Henrietta (niece of Sophia), 69, 128, 166, 167
Berkeley, Earl of, 440
Berner, E., cited, 188 note
Bernhard of Weimar, Duke, 50, 60, 71
Bernstorff, Baron Andreas Gottlieb von, relations of, with de Robethon, 378; accompanies George Lewis to
England, 442; estimate of, 376-7; otherwise mentioned, 185, 276, 351-2, 411
Berwick, Duke of, 321, 400, 409, 413; communication from, to Prince James quoted, 420
Bill of Rights (1689), 5, 7, 216-20
Blanche, Electress Palatine, 17
Blanche, Queen, 128
Bohemia: Frederick V elected king of, 31; deposed, 36-7 Heirship to, question as to, 21 and note 8, 29-31
Böhme, Jacob, 34 note
Bolingbroke, —, attitude of, towards Bothmer, 405 and note 175; policy of, 410; rivalry with Oxford, 418, 428, 434; misses his opportunity, 437-8; cited, 442; otherwise mentioned, 408, 413, 415, 416, 422, 426, 429
Boncour, de, 214
Borkowski cited, 313 note
Bossuet, 348
Bothmer, Hans Caspar von, Hanoverian envoy extraordinary in London, 399, 400-2; mission to England on Sophia’s death, 433-4; activities on Queen Anne’s death, 439 and note; estimate of, 378-9; otherwise mentioned, 313, 351, 362 note, 397, 404, 412, 419, 427, 438
Boufleurs, Marshal, 228
Bouillon, Duke of, 67
Boyer, 429
Brandenburg: Hanover, alliance with, 235-6, 289 Prussian kingdom, absorption into, 289
Brauns, Baron, 381
Brinon, Mme. de, 175, 177 note, 336; efforts of, to convert Sophia to Roman Catholicism, 348-9
555Brisson, Mme. de, 135
Bromley, Secretary, 415
Brunswick, origin of Duchy of, 144
Buckingham, Duke of (1629), 46
Buckingham, — (1705), 387
Bülow, Minister von, 276
Bunbury, Selina, cited, 12 note
Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury, action of, on Bill of Rights, 218; Sophia’s correspondence with, 342; her estimate of book by, 334; cited, 214-15, 323-4, 386-7; quoted, 312
Bussche, Frau von dem. See Weyhe, Mme. von
Bussche, Major-General von dem, 248
Calixtus (theologian), 153
Camerarius, Ludwig, 45, 94
Carleton, Sir D. (Viscount Dorchester), 44
Carlisle, Earl of, 369
Caroline Matilda (daughter of George III), 280 note 112
Caroline of Ansbach. See Wilhelmina Caroline
Carray (? Carr), Lady, 86
Cartignano, Count of, 15-16
Catharine d’Orléans, 129
Celle, Duchess of. See Eleonora
Celle, Duke of. See George William
Chapman, Rev. Alexander, 25 note
Charbonnier, 328
Charles, Duke of Lorraine, 195
Charles, Elector Palatine (nephew of Sophia), 8, 99, 101 and note, 230
Charles, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, 214
Charles I, King of England, foreign policy of, 46-7; internal policy, 372 note; acknowledges Charles Lewis as Elector Palatine, 59; efforts for Palatine House, 71 note; execution of, 83
Charles II, King of England, rumour of projected marriage of, with Sophía, 82-5; relations with Sophía at the Hague, 84-5; with his aunt Elizabeth, 137-8 and note 59; with Sophia during his reign, 209; death of, 210; otherwise mentioned, 8, 11, 114, 137 note 59, 167, 183 note
Charles II, King of Spain, 178, 317
Charles III, King of Spain, 400
Charles VI, Emperor, 348
Charles X Gustavus, King of Sweden, 108
Charles Emmanuel, Duke of Savoy, 15
Charles Lewis, Elector Palatine (brother of Sophia), birth of, 26; Sophia’s relations with, 57; visit to England (1635), 59; armed attempt on the Palatinate, 59-60; imprisoned by Richelieu, 60; renews attempt for the Palatinate, 60-1; suggestion of assuming British Crown, 61-2 notes; residence in England, 62; relations with his brother Philip, 80; position under Peace of Westphalia, 83; efforts for his subjects, 88-9 and note; relations with his mother, 93-4, 138, 140-1; quarrel with Rupert, 94-6 and note; marriage (1650), 97; domestic difficulties, 96-102; relations with Ferdinand III, 107; Sophia’s wedding (1658), 114; marriage of his daughter (1671), 89, 175; death of, 8, 196; characteristics of, 56-9; love of his country, learning and liberal-mindedness of, 90-2; 556cited, 333; otherwise mentioned, 52 note, 68, 122, 133, 137 note 59, 138, 163
Charles Lewis, Raugrave (nephew of Sophia), 249
Charles Maurice (nephew of Sophia), 102
Charles Philip, Prince (son of Sophia), 171, 202, 222, 224, 228
Charlotte Elizabeth, Electress Palatine (sister-in-law of Sophia), conjugal difficulties and troubles of, 96-102, 116; characteristics of, 98, 104; attitude towards Sophia, 108
Charlotte Felicitas, Duchess of Modena (grandniece of Sophia), 167
Charlotte Sophia, Princess of Courland, 103 and note
Chéruel, M., cited, 67
Chevreau, Urban, 176 and note; cited, 336
Christian, Count of Anhalt, 19, 29-30
Christian, Duke of Brunswick, 42 and note 22
Christian, Prince (son of Sophia), birth of, 171; at French Court (1687-9), 206; attitude towards George Lewis’ accession, 288; death of, 202-3, 339 note 139
Christian of Halberstadt, 45-7, 145
Christian IV, King of Denmark, 47
Christian V, King of Denmark, 234, 236
Christian Lewis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 150-1, 162, 170
Clarendon, Earl of (Lord Cornbury), 434 and note, 440
Clarendon, Lord Chancellor, 104; quoted, 65
Clement XI, Pope, 322-3, 363, 388 note
Clifford, H., cited, 41 note
Cocceius, Prof. Johannes, 118
Collins, Anthony, 342
Colt, Sir William Dutton, 221 and notes, 222; despatches of, cited, 257
Combe Abbey, 12 and note–14
Conway, Lord, 44
Conway, Sir Edward, 35-6
Cowper, Lord, 423
Craggs, Secretary, 439
Craven, Earl of, armed attack by, on the Palatinate, 59; imprisonment and ransom, 60, 63; devotion to Elizabeth of Bohemia, 77-8, 137; correspondence with Sophia, 211; mission to Hanover after passing of Bill of Rights, 219; otherwise mentioned, 77 note 39, 81 note, 86, 117 note, 140, 365
Cresset, James, envoy at Lüneburg Courts, 222-3; marriage of, 222 note; cited, 274, 280 note 113, 286, 288 note; otherwise mentioned, 319, 367, 370-1, 375
Danckelmann, Eberhard von, 203, 296-7
Dartmouth, Lord, 212
Dawes, Archbishop, 415
Degenfeld, Louisa von, 58, 98-102
Della Rota, 45
Denmark: Danish War (1625-6), 47 Jealousy of, towards Sweden, 45 Lauenburg Succession question, 224-5, 237, 271
557Descartes, correspondence of, with Elizabeth (sister of Sophia), 72-3 and note, 83-4; death of, 105
Devonshire, Duke of, 404
Digby, John, 14, 41
Doebner, Dr. R., cited, 183
Dohna, Achatius von, 31
Dohna, Alexander von, 313 note
Doncaster, Lord (Earl of Carlisle), 44
Donne, 44
Dormer, Jane, 41 note
Dorothea, Electress of Brandenburg, 151
Dorset, Earl of, 439-40
Dover, Lord, cited, 188 note
Dudley (son of Prince Rupert), 103
Dutton, Sir W. D., cited, 253-4
Edward (brother of Sophia), conversion of, to Roman Catholicism, 9, 67; at Heidelberg, 69 note, 105; career of, 66-9 and note; Charles Lewis’ allowance to, 94; relations with Louisa Hollandina, 126-7; Elizabeth’s bequest to, 141 note 63
Eleonora d’Olbreuze (Mme. de Harburg, Countess of Wilhelmsburg), Duchess of Celle, connexion of, with George William, Duke of Celle, 168-71, 180-1, 184-6, 193; styled Mme. de Harburg, 170; jealousy against, 182 note 76; created Countess of Wilhelmsburg, 184; honoured by Empress Eleonora, 185; marriage with Duke of Celle, 186; subsequent honours, 187; attitude towards her daughter, 240, 282; Sophia’s attitude towards, 168, 170, 187, 192, 240, 310, 337; urges William III to decided course anent Hanoverian Succession, 308-9; relations with Sophia on the subject, 310; death of, 282; otherwise mentioned, 221, 288, 377
Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia (mother of Sophia): Career, chronological sequence of: Childhood at Combe Abbey, 12; Roman Catholic plot regarding, 13; youth, 22; marriage, 12, 14, 23; life at Heidelberg, 24-9; birth of two sons and eldest daughter, 26; attitude towards Bohemian Kingship question, 32-3; at Prague, 34-7; birth of third son, Rupert, 35; flight from Prague, 37; in Silesia, 37; in Brandenburg, 38-9; birth of fifth child, Maurice, 39; at Berlin, 39; at Wolfenbüttel, 40; in the Netherlands, 40; exile of, 2, 5, 6, 44; loss of infant son Lewis (1624), 53; of eldest son (1629), 25, 53; of infant daughter Charlotte (1630), 53; attitude towards Swedish Royal Family, 50 note; towards Charles I of England (1644), 62 note 30; on departure of Louisa Hollandina (1658), 126-7; visit to England (1661), 137-9; death, 140, 142 Characteristics of: Beauty, 43 Frivolity, 57 High spirit, 43 Self-consciousness, 29 Soldier-sympathy, power of attracting, 43 Vigour of mind and body, 52 Children, her own, attitude towards, 34, 54, 65 note 33, 68 note, 78, 80-1; their attitude towards her, 56-7, 141 note; 558attitude towards children in general, 136 Debts of, 29, 56, 76, 93-4, 138 Family of, fate of, 8-9 Letters of, quoted, 50 note, 52 note Portrait of, in C.C.C., Cambs., 25 note Pursuits and interests of, 24, 25, 33, 52, 54, 57 Titles of: Queen of Bohemia, 52 and note; Queen of Hearts, 41 note; the King’s only sister, 52 note Will of, 131, 141 note 63 otherwise mentioned, 75, 86, 336 note
Elizabeth, Princess (sister of Sophia), birth of, 26; childhood, 34, 39; career, 9, 70-1; relations with her mother, 57, 80-1; affected by King Charles’ execution, 83; visits to Heidelberg, 92, 105; with Electress Charlotte, 116-17; at Cassel, 117; Abbess of Herford, 118-25; death of, 125, 196; inscription on tomb of, 125 note; characteristics of, 70-3; match-making propensities of, 70, 103; mentioned, 141 note 63
Elizabeth Charlotte (aunt of Sophia), 39
Elizabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Orleans (niece of Sophia), birth of, 99; with her aunt (1656-63), 99, 172; nature of upbringing of, 244; visit to her grandmother, 136, 157; trip to Holland with her aunt, 157; recalled to Heidelberg (1663), 173-4; conversion of, to Roman Catholicism, 8, 68, 89, 174-7; marriage, 89, 174-7; subsequent career of, 178-9; on Maximilian William, 204 note 88; on Ernest Augustus, 205, 206 note; good offices for Christian and Ernest Augustus, 205-6; attitude towards Sophia Dorothea, 248, 249; Königsmarck affair, 279; on George Augustus’ succession prospects, 206 and note, 441 note 192; characteristics of, 59; lifelong attitude towards Sophia, 151 note, 173, 377; Stewart sympathies of, 393; cited, 33, 108, 132-5, 159 note, 333, 393; quoted, 151 note, 176, 332 note 134, 336; Sophia’s correspondence with, 10, 414; nature and value of her own correspondence, 179-80; correspondence cited and quoted, 177, 188 note, 191, 192, 234, 244 note; otherwise mentioned, 135, 213, 240 note, 243, 283, 337, 339-40, 380
Elizabeth Louisa, Countess Palatine, Abbess of Herford, 117
Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (husband of Sophia): Career, chronological sequence of: First visit to Heidelberg, 107; early acquaintance with Sophia, 107; second visit to Heidelberg, 110; George William’s arrangement in favour of, 112-13, 154-5, 181; marriage with Sophia, 114; intimacy with George William, 156; jealousy of him, 157-8; Bishop of Osnabrück, 158-9; assists the United Provinces, 167; operations against Sweden, 168; conjugal infidelities of, 190-1 and note; 559victory at Conz, 183; attitude towards Sophia Dorothea, 247, 253-4; at the defence of Frankfort (1689), 228; proposal of, regarding conversion to Church of Rome, 232, 348; Swedish treaty (1691), 263; attainment of Electorate (1692), 222-3, 228-34; investiture, 234-5; last journey to Italy (1684), 247-8; attitude towards the British Revolution, 212, 215; adherence to Grand Alliance (1692), 267; ill-health (1694), 245-6; action in Königsmarck affair, 274-5; Lauenburg claims (1694), 237; last illness, 224, 286-7; death, 212-13, 224, 238, 276, 287, 296 Dynastic policy of, 184, 193-4 Energy of, 163 Extravagance of, 198, 330 Estimate of, 156 Political attitude towards his wife, 241, 340 mentioned, 266
Ernest Augustus, Prince (son of Sophia), birth of, 171, 205; devotion to his eldest brother, 205, 271; at French Court (1687-9), 206; remains in Hanover (1714), 441; succeeds to Bishopric of Osnabrück, 441 and note 193; death of, 207; estimate of, 206
Ernest Lewis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 240 note
Estrées, Angélique d’, 128
Eugene, Prince, 425
Evelyn quoted, 56; cited, 261 note
Falaiseau, 351
Feder cited, 114
Ferdinand, Archduke of Styria, 30-31
Ferdinand II, Emperor, 107 note, 161
Ferdinand III, Emperor, 60, 107
Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans, 107-8
Ferrar, Nicolas, 24
Fischer, Prof. Kuno, cited, 331; quoted, 340
Foley, Paul, 218
Fraiser, Sir Peter, 380
France: Grand Alliance against. See Grand Alliance Hanoverian Succession recognised by, 405, 408 Huguenot persecutions in, 177 note Palatinate’s troubles from (Orleans War), 90, 178 Partition Treaty (First) with England (1698), 307 Partition Treaty (Second) with England, 310, 317-18 Peace with, proposal of (1711), 400-1, 403, 407; accomplished, 409 Savoy’s adhesion to (1696), 302
Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, 154
Frederick, Prince of Wales (great-grandson of Sophia), 359-60
Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburg. See Frederick I, King of Prussia
Frederick I, Elector Palatine, 181 note
Frederick III, Elector Palatine, 16 note, 18, 40
Frederick IV, Elector Palatine, 17, 19
Frederick V, Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia (father of Sophia), visit of, to England (1612), 21 and note 8, 22; 560marriage, 12; difficulties as to court precedence, 27-8; approves league with Savoy, 26; elected King of Bohemia, 31; deposed, 36-7; under ban of the Empire, 38, 41; secret visit to Palatinate (1627), 48; meets Gustavus Adolphus (1632), 49; death of, 50; characteristics of, 20, 37; devotion to his wife, 52-3; estimate of, by Wotton, 27
Frederick I, King of Prussia (Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburg), marriage of, to Sophia Charlotte, 203, 207, 292; succeeds his father as Elector, 294; concerts measures against Louis XIV, 227; efforts regarding Hanoverian Electorate, 234-5, 238; leagues of alliance with Ernest Augustus, 235-6; at Cleves (1696), 303; intrigue with Countess von Wartenberg, 299, 357; coronation (1701), 289, 300; relations with George Lewis, 358 note; otherwise mentioned, 302, 330 note 133, 341, 343
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, 258
Frederick Augustus (Augustus the Strong), Elector of Saxony, King of Poland, 237, 261, 272, 278, 289
Frederick Augustus, Prince (son of Sophia), birth of, 157; jealousy of his elder brother, 201; death of, 202, 221-2, 224, 228; estimate of, 171, 172
Frederick Henry, Prince (brother of Sophia), birth of, 26; marriages projected for, 45, 46; death of, 25, 26, 53
Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, 21 note 8, 40, 43, 55
Frederick Ulric, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 145
Frederick William (the Great), Elector of Brandenburg, sentiments of, towards Sophia’s sister Elizabeth, 71, 72, 117; efforts regarding Wildfangsstreit, 89 note; marriage with Dowager Duchess Dorothea, 151; attitude towards Hanoverian Court, 203; favours William of Orange, 214; on creation of ninth Electorate, 229-30; opposes Duke John Frederick, 163
Frederick William I, King of Prussia (grandson of Sophia), birth of, 294; childhood, 299; William III’s attitude towards (1700), 312-14, 317; education, 313 note; marriage with granddaughter of Sophia, 249, 284, 346 note 145; relations with George Lewis, 435
Fuchs, Paul von, 199, 227; cited, 338
Gabor, Bethlen, 47
Gargan (secretary to Sophia) cited, 310
Garnett, Dr. Richard, cited, 251 note
Gaultier, Abbé, cited, 415, 426
Geerds, Dr. Robert, cited, 259 note
Gentz, 353
George I, King of England. See George Lewis
George II, King of England. See George Augustus
George III, King of England, correspondence with Copenhagen destroyed by order of, 280 note 112; letters of Sophia destroyed by order of, 393; kindliness of, to Stewart family, 394 note
George IV, King of England, 394 note
George, Duke of Lüneburg, 148
561George, Prince of Denmark, 189, 318, 337; death of, 395
George Augustus, King George II of England (grandson of Sophia), birth of, 195, 247; his father’s attitude towards, 284, 441; at Göhrde, 307; Queen Anne’s opposition to his visiting England, 370; marriage of, 359; relations with his wife, 288, 359; receives the Garter, 388, 404 note 172; created Duke of Cambridge, 388; precedence for, 404; suggestion of sending, over to England (1713), 418, 419, 422-3; delay in transmission of Parliamentary writ for, 423-7; Queen Anne’s letter to, 429, 431; rumoured suggestion of passing over, in the English Succession, 206 and note, 441 note 192; characteristics of, 362; attitude towards his mother, 284 and note; domestic language of, as British sovereign, 55; otherwise mentioned, 280, 299, 312
George Frederick of Waldeck, 163
George Lewis, King George I of England (son of Sophia): Career, chronological sequence of: Birth, 157; victory at Conz (1675), 183; visit to England (1680-1), 189, 210; proposed match with Sophia Dorothea, 190 note 79, 191-4; the marriage, 194-5, 231, 239-41; military exploits, 195; at the defence of Frankfort, 228; estrangement from his wife, 246, 249, 252-4; campaigning against Turks, 248; recreating at Florence and Naples, 248; infidelity to his wife, 250; relations with Melusina von der Schulenburg (Duchess of Kendal), 251 and note; the Königsmarck affair, 282-4; divorce, 276; succeeds his father as Elector, 289; repulses Antony Ulric’s attack on Hanover, 238; meets William III at Göhrde (1698), 307; receives the Garter, 325; strong position of (1705), 376; relations with Frederick I of Prussia, 358 note; expresses his views on residence in England, 391; commands army of the Lower Rhine (1707), 395; envoy of, admitted to Electoral College (1708), 238, 395; on dismissal of Sunderland, 396-7; refuses to oust Marlborough in supreme command, 398-9; against proposed peace with France, 401, 403, 407; instructions to von Schütz the younger, 413; reply to Queen Anne’s letter (May, 1714), 422-3, 427; affair of the delayed writ, 426-7; death of his mother, 433-4; has fresh instrument of Regency prepared, 435; in friendly relations with German princes, 435; accession of, as King George I of England, 439; proclamation as king, 10; leaves Hanover, 440; sails for England, 442; coronation, 443; death, 206-7 Characteristics of: Courage and military capacity, 242 Cynicism, 283 note 562Firmness and impassivity, 355, 443 Loyalty, 242 Reserve, 171, 242 Self-restraint, 443 Sincerity, 242, 444 Stolidity, 195, 242 Court of, as Elector, tone of, 339 note 138 Domestic language of, as British sovereign, 55 Herrenhausen gardens arranged to suit taste of, 328 Relations with: Anne, Queen, 368, 369 Ernest Augustus (his youngest brother), 205, 271 Marlborough, Duke of, 375-6, 384, 398 Sophia (his mother), 171, 244 and note, 288, 340, 355 Sophia Charlotte (his sister), 297 Succession question, attitude towards, 309, 319, 323; (1705), 379-80; (1713-14), 412-13, 418-19, 423 otherwise mentioned, 110, 194 note, 352, 366 note 157, 389 note, 393, 402, 441 note 192
George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later of Celle), visit of, to Heidelberg (1656), 109-10; suitor for Sophia, 110; breaks off his engagement, 111; renunciation in favour of his younger brother, 112-13, 154-5, 181, 231; his brother’s jealousy, 157-8; difficulties made by John Frederick as to succession, 162-3; assists the United Provinces, 167; operations against Sweden, 168; connexion with Eleonora d’Olbreuze, 168-71, 180-1, 185-6; marriage with her, 186; court of, 182 note 75; favours William of Orange, 214; the Königsmarck affair, 275-6, 280 and note 113, 281; conference with William III at Göhrde, 307; meeting with William III at the Loo (1700), 311, 312; later interview with him (1701), 362; death of, 376; estimate of, 151-3; otherwise mentioned, 150, 201, 303, 305, 309, 319, 366 note 157
George William, Elector of Brandenburg, 38, 71
Giusti, Tommaso, 329
Gloucester, Duke of (son of Princess Anne), birth of, 219; delicacy of, 308-9; death of, 311
Godolphin, Earl of, 217, 369, 382, 399, 402
Goedeke, 439-40
Göhrde, the, 307 and note
Gondomar, Count, 24
Gourville, de, 166, 182, 292; cited, 337, 345
Grana, Dossa, 329
Grand Alliance: Conclusion of, 228 Hanoverian adhesion to, 222, 267 Savoy’s adhesion to (1695), 302; abandonment of (1696), 225, 302 Saxony’s adhesion to, solicited, 221 and note 93
Green, Mrs. Everett, work of, cited, 257, 265 note
Grote, Count Otto von, 233-6
Grote, Baron Thomas von, mission of, to London (1712), 405-6, 408; death of, 411; cited, 335; mentioned, 352
Guelfs, German branch of, 143-5; Leibniz’ History of, 243, 354
563Gustavus (brother of Sophia), 53-4
Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, landing of, in Pomerania, 11, 49; death of, 50; mentioned, 45, 148
Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden, 15
Gwynne, Sir Roland, 384, 390
Halberstadt, 42 and note 21
Hamilton, Duke of, 84
Hammerstein, George Christopher von, 110, 115
Handel, 412 note
Hanmer, Sir Thomas, 386
Hanover, House of: Alliance of, with Brandenburg and Saxony, 232-3 Electorate conferred on, 222-3, 228, 234; investiture, 234-5; introduction of envoy to Electoral College, 236-9, 395 Rise of, 7, 10 Strong position of (1705), 376 Succession of, to British Crown: Significance of, to Britons, 3-4 Settlement of. See Act of Settlement
Hanover, Leine Palace at, 247 note, 281
Harburg, Mme. de. See Eleonora, Duchess of Celle
Harcourt, Lord, 423-5
Harding, Rev. Dick, 77
Hardwicke, Lord, 315
Harington, Lord and Lady, 12-13, 22, 24
Harley, Robert. See Oxford
Harley, Thomas, missions of, to Hanover, 404, 407, 410, 421-2, 426, 427
Harling, Frau von, 173, 280, 291, 299
Harrington, James, 81 note
Hartlip, S., quoted, 117 note
Haversham, Lord, 383
Hedwig, Princess of Denmark, 107 note
Hedwig Sophia, Landgravine of Hesse-Cassel, 72, 117
Hedwig Sophia, Landgravine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 103
Hedwig Sophia, Princess, 301
Heidelberg Castle, 17-18
Heidelberg Catechism, 25
Heidelberg University, 18
Heiland, Hiskias Eleazar, 101
Helmont, Francis Mercurius von, 332 and note 134
Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans (daughter of Charles I), 8, 175, 225
Henrietta Maria, Princess (sister of Sophia), characteristics and career of, 74-5; marriage of, 52 note, 106; death of, 9, 116
Henrietta Maria, Queen, 81, 130
Henry, Count of Nassau. See Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
Henry, Duke of Bouillon, 20
Henry, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 145
Henry, Prince (son of Charles I), 7-8
Henry, Prince of Wales (son of James I), 7, 22
Henry of Dannenberg, 181 note
Henry the Lion, 143
Henry Casimir of Nassau-Dietz, 189
Henry Frederick, Prince (brother of Sophia), 26
Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 145
Herbert, Colonel, quoted, 218
564Herbert of Cherbury, Lord, 44
Hereford, Lord, 395
Herford, 118-19
Herrenhausen, 327-9
Hervey, Lord, cited, 284 note
Hoffmann, memoranda of, cited, 424-5
Holstenius, 153-4
Hompesch, General, 304
Hoorn, Anna Maria van, 122
Howard, Mrs. Charles, 395
Hughes, Margaret, 103, 392 note 168
Hutton, Dr., 397
Ibberville, despatches of, cited, 416 note
Ilten, Jobst von, 234, 237, 279, 313
Innocent X, Pope, 154
Innocent XI, Pope, 198 note
Innocent XII, Pope, 234, 322
Jambonneau, M. de, 69 note
James I, King of England (grandfather of Sophia), European ambitions of, 14-16; family pride of, 26-7; attitude towards Bohemian Kingship question, 32, 36; negotiations with Mansfeld and Halberstadt, 45-6; otherwise mentioned, 13, 39, 41
James II, King of England (cousin of Sophia), accession of, 210; relations with Sophia, 210-11, 317; abdication of, 5; hopes of regaining his kingdom, 303; refuses aid towards securing Polish throne, 303 note; Pope Clement XI’s letter to, 323; death of, 363; otherwise mentioned, 8, 139, 394 note
James, Prince of Wales (son of James II), birth of, 211; calumnious doubts regarding, 211-12; recognised by Louis XIV as king, 363; Anne’s attitude towards, 369, 372, 392-3, 408; letter to Pope Clement XI on coming of age, 388 note; expedition to Scotland, 394; rumours as to succession of, 402; Berwick’s communication to (1712), 409; Hanoverian protest against residence of, in Lorraine, 413, 422; scheme for bringing over to England and Anglicanism (1713-14), 413, 415-16; Berwick’s communication to (1714), quoted, 420; proclamation against (July, 1714), 436; otherwise mentioned, 8, 306, 315-16, 381, 400, 413
James, B. B., cited, 121 note
Jeffreys, Lord, 365
John Casimir, Administrator, 19
John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, disposition of his father regarding, 150; conversion of, to Roman Catholicism (1651), 153-4; quarrel regarding Succession, 112, 162-3; French sympathies and tastes of, 111, 165, 287; Herrenhausen Palace begun by (1665), 327; Leibniz engaged by, as librarian, 164-5, 197, 233, 354; Electorate desired by, 165, 229; career of, at Hanover, 164-5, 197; marriage of, 166; death of, 165, 180, 193; estimate of, 112, 167
John George IV, Elector of Saxony, 237, 358
John Sobiesky, King of Poland, 303 note
565Joseph I, Emperor (King of the Romans), 198 note, 231, 400
Kendal, Duchess of (Melusina der Schulenburg), 246 note, 251-2, 442
Keppel (Earl of Albemarle), 302, 304
Kielmannsegg, Baron von, 250-1
Kielmannsegg, Baroness von, 330 note 133, 440, 442
Killigrew, Tom, 76 and note
King, Major-General (Lord Eythin), 60
Klopp, cited, 417 note
Knesebeck, Eleonora von dem, 237, 239 note, 264, 272, 273, 277, 284
Königsmarck, Count von, 259 note
Königsmarck, Aurora von, 237, 255-6, 261-2, 278
Königsmarck, Count Charles John von, 260-1
Königsmarck, Count Philip Christopher von, 254-81, App. B
Kreyenberg, von, 399, 411, 426, 438
Kufstein, Count, 63
La Manoelinière, Susan de, 191 note
Labadie and Labadists, 119-21, 343 note
Lassaye, Marquis de, 248-9
Lauderdale, Duke of, 84
Lauenburg Duchy claim, 225, 232, 237, 271
L’Hermitage, 411
Leibniz, position of, as librarian at Hanover, 164-5, 197, 233, 354; expresses views on Electoral position, 229; varied activities at Hanover, 354; President of the Berlin Society of Sciences (1700), 298; Théodicée (1710), 290, 354-5; political influence on the decline, 352, 397; epigram on Queen Anne, 411; Abbess Elizabeth’s correspondence with, 124; Sophia’s friendship with, 9, 288, 327, 331, 350, 351, 354-6; her correspondence with him cited, 204, 215, 216, 311, 344, 347, 381, 419, 424, 427, 432; Sophia Charlotte the pupil of, 207; her friendship with, 290, 297-8 and note, 356; Caroline of Ansbach’s friendship with, 356, 358; views and activities on the English Succession question, 305, 308, 309, 311, 319-20, 323, 350-2, 374-5, 384, 412; philosophy of, 334; estimate of, 353; cited, 102, 114, 274, 389; quoted, 341, 343, 344, 345-6; otherwise mentioned, 153, 195, 212, 223, 227, 279, 300, 343 note, 364, 392, 396, 398, 402, 407, 431
Leopold, Emperor, 184, 211, 222, 233
L’Epinay, Colonel de, 78-80
Lewenhaupt, Count Axel, 261
Lewenhaupt, Countess, 255
Lewis Philip (son of Louisa Juliana), 39
Lexington, Lord, 224-5
Limbach, President von, 233, 238-9
Lippe-Bückeburg, Countess Johanna von der, 430 and note: 186, 432
Lodensteyners, 118
Longueville, Mme. de, cited, 79
Lösenius, 29
Loretto, 161
Louis II, Elector Palatine, 17
Louis XIV, King of France, courtesy of, towards Sophia, 178, 291-2; 566Orleans War, 227; attitude towards suggested re-marriage of William III, 301; offers James II aid towards securing Polish throne, 303 note; Peace of Ryswyk and relations with William III, 306; First Partition Treaty (1698), 307; attitude towards Act of Settlement, 321; recognises James Prince of Wales as King, 363; lukewarm in his support, 416; secret offers of assistance to Queen Anne, 435; otherwise mentioned, 129, 165, 182, 188 note, 278
Louis Philip (uncle of Sophia), regent of Palatinate, 50
Louisa, Raugravine (niece of Sophia), Sophia’s correspondence with, cited, 286, 305, 317, 367; companionship with Sophia, 430; position of, at Hanover, 102
Louisa Charlotte, Duchess of Courland (cousin of Sophia), 38
Louisa Dorothea, Electoral Princess of Brandenburg (granddaughter of Sophia), 302, 304
Louisa Henrietta, Electress, 72, 105
Louisa Hollandina, characteristics and career of, 73-4, 81; Montrose’s project of marriage with, 84; conversion of, to Roman Catholicism (1658), 9, 66, 68, 126-7; in France, 127, 129-31; Abbess of Maubuisson, 131-5; death of, 135; mentioned, 125
Louisa Juliana, Electress (grandmother of Sophia), retirement of, from Heidelberg, 28; on Bohemian Kingship question, 32; Frederick’s children entrusted to, 34, 39; religious fervour of, 19-20; death of, 61; otherwise mentioned, 20 note, 49
Lowther, Sir John, 218
Lucia, Countess of Bedford, 12 note
Lüneburg, House of, 148 (see also names of Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg)
Luttrell cited, 325
Macaulay cited, 217 note
Maccioni, Valerio, Bishop of Morocco, 164 and note
Macclesfield, Earl of (1701), 324 and note
Macpherson cited, 411 note
Maintenon, Mme. de, 179, 337
Malebranche, 124
Mansfeld, 41-2, 45-7
Maria Anne (niece of Sophia), 128
Maria Eleonora, Queen-Dowager of Sweden, 50 note
Maria Eleonora (wife of Regent Louis Philip), 50
Maria-Elizabeth, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp, 359
Maria Elizabeth, Princess, of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, 126-7
Marie of Gonzaga, Queen of Poland, 68
Marlborough, Duke of, in favour with Queen Anne, 369, 382; relations with Elector George Lewis, 375-6, 384, 398; visits to Hanover (1704 and 1705), 375, 384; on the Gwynne letter, 390-1; overthrow of, 397-9; copies of Anne’s letters sent from Hanover to, 430 and note 185; double dealing of, 435; otherwise mentioned, 283, 425, 437
Mary of Orange, Queen of England, marriage of, 209; 567attitude towards her father, 213; relations with Sophia, 213, 222, 224; Bill of Rights as affecting, 217; death of, 224, 301; otherwise mentioned, 8, 81, 82, 84, 214
Mary Beatrice, Queen (wife of James II), 213
Matilda (wife of Henry the Lion), 143
Matthias, Emperor, 30
Maubuisson, Abbey of, 127-9
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse, 19, 20, 97
Maurice, Prince (brother of Sophia), birth of, 39; in the British Civil War, 61, 63-4; death of, 9; characteristics of, 65-6
Maurice, Raugrave, 330 note 132
Maurice of Orange (Nassau), Stadholder, 28, 32, 40, 43, 53, 56
Mauro, Abbate Hortensio, 164 note, 198
Maximilian, Duke of Bavaria, 30, 32, 36, 41, 45
Maximilian Emmanuel, Elector of Bavaria, 300
Maximilian William, Prince (son of Sophia), birth of, 171; early piety of, 204 note 87; protest and revolt against principle of primogeniture, 202-3, 252-3; arrest of, 203; release and subsequent career, 204; conversion of, to Roman Catholicism, 204; attitude towards George Lewis’ accession, 288-9; estimate of, 204; otherwise mentioned, 267, 332 note 134, 340, 341
Mazarin, Cardinal, 67
Melville, Lewis, cited, 246 note
Metternich, von, 234
Meysenbug, Clara Elizabeth von. See Platen, Baroness von
Meysenbug, Marie von. See Weyhe
Meysenbug family, 190 note 80
Mohun, Lord, 324
Molanus, Abbot Gerhard Wolter, career and estimate of, 346 and note 146; quoted, 334-5; mentioned, 343 note, 356
Moltke, von (Master of the Hunt at Hanover), 203-4, 252
Molyneux cited, 430
Montrose, Marquess of, 84
More, Dr. Henry, 117 note
Morton, Albertus, 29
Naturalisation Act (1705), 385-6, 388, 390
Netherlands, United Provinces of the: Bishop of Münster’s attack on (1655-6), 167 Brunswick-Lüneburg, treaty with, 223 Elizabeth of Bohemia’s exile in, 2, 5, 6, 40, 44 English Succession, agreement as to, 388, 438 French invasion of (1672), 183
Nicholas, Secretary, 109
Nördlingen, battle of, 51, 59
Nottingham, Earl of, 423
Olbreuze, Mlle. d’. See Eleonora, Duchess of Celle
Orleans, Duchess of. See Elizabeth Charlotte
Orleans, Duke of (brother of Louis XIV), 175, 177
Orleans, Duke of (son of Elizabeth Charlotte), 177-8
Orleans War (1688-90), 90, 178, 227
Ormonde, 383, 401, 403, 420
Osnabrück, See of: English rumour as to, 348 note 568Ernest Augustus (husband of Sophia), Bishop of, 157-8 Ernest Augustus (son of Sophia), Bishop of, 441 and note 193 Lüneburg right regarding, 149, 192-3 Secular principality, proposed conversion into, 184
Otto the Child, 144
Oxford, Earl of (Robert Harley), attitude of, towards Bothmer, 405; pronouncement of, against Hanoverian Succession, 415; double-dealing of, 417; rivalry with Bolingbroke, 418, 428, 434; professes devotion to House of Hanover, 421, 429; vacillation of, 436; dismissed from office, 437; policy of, 401-2; estimate of, 396-7, 409; otherwise mentioned, 370, 382, 406, 408, 413
Oxsordre, Mme. d’, 126
Paczkowski, Dr., 259 note
Palatinate: Condition of (1627-32), 48-9; (1633-4), 50-1; (1635-44), 51, 60; (1650), 88-9; (1674-80), 89-90 Orleans War (1688-90), 90, 178, 227 Wildfangsstreit, 89 note
Palatine House, history of, and position in seventeenth century, 16 and note-17
Palmblad, Professor, 265 note
Penn, William, 122; quoted, 123-4
Pepys quoted, 139
Peter the Great, Tsar, 191, 335
Peterborough, Earl of, 391
Philip, King of Spain (grandson of Louis XIV), 318, 363
Philip, Prince (brother of Sophia), career of, 80; quarrel with de l’Epinay, 79; death of, 9; mentioned, 68
Platen, Count Ernest Augustus von, jealous of Colt, 221; Hanoverian plenipotentiary at Augsburg, 231; cited, 313; otherwise mentioned, 248, 352, 367
Platen, Countess von (Clara Elizabeth von Meysenbug), mistress of Elector Ernest Augustus, 190-1, 246; opera-house built for, 199 note; Königsmarck affair, 268-70, 272, 278, 280-1; otherwise mentioned, 246 note, 248, 250, 262
Platen, Sophia Charlotte von. See Kielmannsegg
Pless, Frau von, 28-9, 54
Podewils, Marshal von, 271
Poley, Edmund, 375 note
Polwarth, Lord, 426 and note
Portland, Earl of, 304, 365 and note
Quakers, 122 and note
Quarles, Francis, 24
Queensberry, Duke of, 373
Quirini zu Lynar, Count Rochus, 328, 329 note 131
Rait, R. S., on religious condition of Scotland, App. C
Rammingen, Pawel von, 94
Rantzau, Count Christopher von, 153
Ranuccio II, Duke of Parma, 112
Regency Act (1706), 387-8; Oxford’s proposed revision of, 417
569Richelieu, Cardinal, 60
Rivers, Earl, 397-8, 402-3
Robethon, Jean de, 351-2, 398, 406, 442; estimate of, 377-8; cited, 418, 426-7
Rochester, Earl of, 382 and note, 386
Roe, Sir Thomas, 60; services of, to Queen of Bohemia, 44; cited, 42, 62
Roxburghe, Earl of, 373
Rudolf Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 146
Rudolfine, Mme., 147
Rupert, Prince (brother of the Electress), birth of, 35; visit to England (1635), 59, 62; captured at Vlotho, 60, 63; in the British Civil War, 61, 63-4; buccaneering exploits, 65; quarrel with Charles Lewis, 94-6 and note; visits to Heidelberg, 99-100, 104-5; connexion with Francesca Bard, 103, 375 note; position in England, 139-40; death of, 9, 140; characteristics of, 64
Rupert III, Elector Palatine, 16
Rupert ‘England’ (son of Elector Palatine Louis II), 17
Rusdorf, 45, 48
Saint-Simon cited, 134
Sandys, Dr., 325
Sartorio, 327
Saxony, compact of, with Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 237
Say and Sele, Lord, 324
Schism Act, 436
Schlitz-Görz, Baron von, 442
Schönberg (Schombergh), Hans Meinhard von, 28
Schulenburg, General von der, 415, 419
Schulenburg, Melusina von der. See Kendal, Duchess of
Schurmann, Anna Maria von, 120
Schütz, Baron von (son of Celle Chancellor), Hanoverian resident in London, 319, 352, 366; correspondence with Sophia, 183 note; quoted, 293 note, 347; cited, 319 note, 339 note 125, 383, 385 note; death of, 399
Schütz, Baron George William Helwig Sinold von (grandson of Celle Chancellor), 412, 423-6
Schütz, Baron Lewis Justus von, distinguished services of, to Duke of Celle, 183, 185-6; estimate of, 185, 376-7
Scotland: Act of Security (1704), 372-3 Act of Union (1707), 373, 392 Anti-English feeling in, as affecting Hanoverian Succession question, 372-3, App. C Assistance from, to the Palatinate, 50, 51 note
Scultetus, Abraham, 24-5, 35
Selz, Baron von, 137 note 59
Seymour, Edward, 364
Shrewsbury, —, 438
Sichel cited, 437 note
Siegen, Ludwig von, 64 note
Sigismund, Prince of Transylvania, 75
Sintzendorf, Countess von, 240 note
Smith, L. Pearsall, cited, 36 note
Solms. See Amalia von Solms
Somers, 402
Somerset, Duke of, 424
570Sophia, Electress of Hanover (earlier Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg): Appearance of, 75-6 Career, chronological sequence of: Birth, 11, 52, 53; childhood at Leyden, 54-5; at the Hague, 55, 56, 69-70, 73; upbringing and education, 25, 224, 331; services to her eldest sister, 73; rumour of projected marriage with Prince Charles of England, 82-5; starts for Heidelberg, 86; life with her brother Charles Lewis, 87, 96-8, 103-7; attitude towards him, 57; matrimonial prospects, 106-12; attack of small-pox, 106; accepts Duke Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 112; marriage, 114; companionship of ‘Liselotte,’ 99, 172-3; at Hanover, 156; difficulties with George William, 157; visit to her mother at the Hague (1659), 136, 157; birth of George Lewis, 157; of Frederick Augustus, 157; last meeting with her mother (1661), 137; visit to Italy (1664), 161; John Frederick’s coup, 162-3; friendly relations with Roman Catholic dignitaries, 164 note; at Osnabrück and Iburg, 158-9, 167-8; affair of Mlle. Eleonora d’Olbreuze, 168-70; Celle Succession question, 180, 185-7; infidelities of her husband, 190-1 and note; visit to Herford, 121; interest in British affairs, 209; visit to Maubuisson (1679), 135, 178; visit to her niece Elizabeth Charlotte, 178; attitude towards proposed match between George Lewis and Sophia Dorothea, 190 note 79, 191-2; towards Countess of Wilhelmsburg (Eleonora d’Olbreuze), 192-4; visit to French Court with her daughter (1679), 207, 291-2; visit to Queen of Denmark (1680), 150; last visit to Herford, 124; death of her eldest sister and of her eldest brother (1680), 196; life at Hanover, 197-200; marriage of her eldest son (1682), 194-5, 240; marriage of her daughter (1684), 207-8; on William III’s accession, 215-16; activity regarding the English Succession question (1689), 216, 218; Bill of Rights (1689), 216, 218-20; death of her son Charles Philip, 202; investiture of her husband with Electorate (1692), 235; Königsmarck affair, 245, 253, 268, 269, 278, 280 and note 2, 285; visit to Wiesbaden (1694), 224; visit to the Loo (1696), 301, 303; illness and death of her husband, 286-8; accession of George Lewis, 289; attitude towards Sophia Dorothea at Ahlden, 277, 284-5; attitude towards the English Succession question (1698), 309-11, 314-17, 319-20, 323; relations with Duchess of Celle on the subject, 310; alleged ‘Jacobite letter,’ 315-16; visit to Aix-la-Chapelle (1700), 300; conference with William III at the Loo (1700), 300, 312; 571meeting with William III at the Hague, 317; Act of Settlement (1701), 321-2; receives copy of Act of Settlement, 324-6; relations with Queen Anne at latter’s accession, 366 and note 2-9, 371; proposed visit to England opposed by Queen Anne, 370; continued activities regarding the Succession question (1703), 374; death of her son Christian (1703), 202-3, 339 note 139; Scottish Act of Security (1703-4), 372-3; death of her daughter (1705), 356-8; Tory attempt to bring her to England, 380, 382-3, 386-7; naturalisation as English subject, 385 and note; embassy of Lord Halifax with Naturalisation and Regency Acts (1706), 388-91; Act of Union (1707), 373-4; ministerial crisis in England (1710), 396, 398; attitude towards the Succession question (1711), 402; visit of Thomas Harley (1712), 404, 407; severe illness (Nov. 1713), 414; Anne’s letter to (Apr. 1714), 421-2; instructions to von Schütz regarding Parliamentary writ for Electoral Prince, 423-7; reply to Anne’s letter, 422-3, 427; Anne’s letter on the writ affair, 428-31; death, 428, 430-2; obsequies, 433 Characteristics of: Alertness of mind, 96, 341 Artistic capacity, 329-30 Coarseness, 58 Critical insight and true vision, 56, 333 Curiosity, intellectual, 331 Cynicism, 161, 336 Dignity, 2 Discretion and prudence, 2, 104 Enthusiasm, dislike of, 342 Finesse, intellectual, 211 Frankness and straightforwardness, 211, 245, 336 Freedom of spirit, 4 Geniality and affability, 270, 338 High spirit, 106 Hospitality, 338 Humour, sense of, 5, 58, 74, 290, 335, 338, 413 Kindliness of heart, 58 Maternal affection, 171-2, 201 Open-mindedness, 338 Reasonableness, 341 Religious feeling, 339 note 139, 345; opinions, 343-8, 350; attitude towards Church of Rome, 348-9 Self-control, 4, 58 Sincerity, 2, 157, 245 Tact, 157, 338 Vivacity, 5, 74, 75 Walking, fondness for, 328-9, 360 Wit, 335-6 Coffin of, inscription on, 1 Correspondence of: Cited, 167, 257, 372 note Estimate of, 336 Quoted, 207, 321 note Correspondence of, with: Balati, Abbé, cited, 194 Bothmer, von, cited, 362 note Brinon, Mme. de, quoted, 350 Burnet cited, 323-4, 342, 386 572Canterbury, Archbishop of, cited, 386 Charles Lewis cited, 20 note Colt, Lady, 221 note 2, 428 note Court of St. Germains, destruction of, 393 Craven, Earl of, 211 Elizabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Orleans, 10, 179-80, 414; cited, 303 note George William, 186 James II, 211 Leibniz cited, 204, 215, 216, 311, 344, 347, 381, 419, 424, 427, 432 Louisa, Raugravine, cited, 305, 317 Maccioni, 164 note Portland, Earl of, quoted, 365 note Schütz, von (the elder), 183 note; quoted, 293 note, 374; cited, 319 note, 339 note 139, 383, 385 note Schütz, von (the younger), 423-4 and note, 425 Sophia Charlotte, destruction of, 357 Strafford cited, 410 William III cited, 220 Estimate of, by Sir W. D. Colt, 253 Health of, 360 Income for, proposal as to, 362, 366, 368, 413, 422 Literary tastes of, 332-5 Memoirs of: Circumstances of compilation of, 196 Cited, 5, 53, 73, 74, 82, 87, 113, 169, 187 Political influence of, 241, 340-1 Relations with: Anne, Queen, 363, 366 and note–9, 371, 386–7, 390-1, 394, 396, 403, 404 note 2, 410 Caroline of Ansbach, 348, 359, 377 Charles II, 209 Charles Lewis, 57 Eleonora of Celle, 168, 170, 187, 192, 240, 310, 337 Elizabeth of Bohemia (her mother), 56-7, 136, 141 note Ernest Augustus (her husband), 241, 340 George Lewis, 244 and note, 288, 340, 355 James II, 210-13, 216 Leibniz, 9, 288, 327, 331, 350, 351, 354-6 Marlborough, 375, 384 Mary of Orange, 213, 222, 224 Nephews and nieces, 87, 102, 249, 339 Sophia Charlotte, 171, 207, 230, 290, 294, 356-7 Sophia Dorothea, 195, 240, 243, 248, 268, 284-5 von Bernstorff, 377 William of Orange, 210, 215-16, 219-22 Succession question, attitude towards, 216, 218, 309-11, 314-17, 319-20, 323, 374, 402, 418-19; views regarding right of succession, 389 Tories, attitude towards, and relations with, 383, 387 and note, 399, 403, 418 Whigs, attitude towards, and relations with, 380-1, 387 and note, 395, 399, 403, 418 otherwise mentioned, 25, 72, 176, 177, 226
Sophia, Princess (daughter of James I), 11-12
Sophia of Nassau-Dietz cited, 42
573Sophia Amalia, Queen of Denmark, 149-50
Sophia Charlotte, Electress of Brandenburg, later Queen of Prussia (daughter of Sophia), birth of, 171; childhood, 207; education, 291; visit to French Court (1679), 207, 291-2; marriage (1684), 38, 203, 207-8, 293; sympathy with Maximilian, 289; birth of eldest son, 294; life and interests at Berlin and Brandenburg, 294-5; at Lützenburg, 295-6; family troubles, 298-9; consulted by Sophia Dorothea (1692), 269; visit to the Loo (1696), 301, 303; visit to Aix-la-Chapelle, Brussels, and Holland (1700), 300; conference at the Loo, 300, 312; meeting with William III at the Hague, 317; death of, 356-8; characteristics of, 171, 290-1, 295; indifference to politics, 230, 293-4; religious views, 346; her support of Leibniz, 355; relations with her mother, 171, 207, 230, 290, 294, 356-7; otherwise mentioned, 213, 313 note, 371 note
Sophia Dorothea, Electoral Princess, later Duchess of Ahlden (daughter-in-law of Sophia), birth of, 171; upbringing, 243-4; wealth, 181; suggested naturalisation in France, 182 and note 2; question of legitimation and marriage, 185; suitors, 189; proposed match with George Lewis, 190 note 1, 191-4; the marriage, 194-5, 231, 239-41; estrangement from her husband, 246, 249, 252-4; Court life, 247; in Rome, 248; alleged intrigue with de Lassaye, 248-9; relations with Königsmarck, 254-9, 262-78, App. B; repairs to her parents at Brockhausen, 273; at Ahlden, 275-6; divorce, 276; von Bernstorff’s attitude in the affair, 377; subsequent life, 281-2; death, 283-4; estimate of, 240; romance by Antony Ulric regarding, 192 and note, 239 and note, 283; mentioned, 7
Sophia Dorothea, Queen of Prussia (granddaughter of Sophia), birth of, 195, 249; marriage, 195, 249, 284; marriage-treaty, 346 note 2; attitude towards her mother, 280, 284; at Göhrde, 307
Southwell, 304
Spain: Charles I’s peace with (1630), 48 James I’s negotiations with, 46 Succession question, 310, 318
Spinola, 36
Spittler cited, 113 note; quoted, 331
Steffani, Agostino, 198 and note
Steinghens, 415
Stepney, George, 225, 319-20, 371; cited, 304; his letter to Sophia (1700), 314-15
Stewart, House of: Depression of, 6 Hanoverian sympathy with, 210-13, 216, 393-4 and note
574Strafford, Earl of, 349, 403, 410, 414, 419, 422, 438
Sturmer, H. H., cited, 169 note
Suireau, Marie (Mère des Anges), 129
Sunderland, Earl of, 396-7, 402
Sutton, Anne, 28
Sweden: Danish jealousy of, 45 Ernest Augustus’ operations against (1666), 168 Imperial war against (1675), 184
Tallard, Count, 307
Taranto, Princess of, 97, 168
Tavernier, 199
Thynne, Thomas, murder of, 260-1
Tilly, 47
Toland, Sophia Charlotte’s attitude towards, 295; visit to Hanover (1701), 324; Sophia’s attitude towards, 342, 367-8, 380-1; her repartee to, 336; cited, 325, 329, 339 note 1, 348 note, 362
Torcy, de, 405, 415, 420
Treaties: Austro-Bavarian (1628), 48 Brandenburg and Hanover, between, 235-6, 289 Britain and France, between. See subheading Partition Treaty Britain and Netherlands, between (1654), 93 Britain and Netherlands, between, as to Hanoverian Succession, 388, 438 Brunswick-Lüneburg and Britain, between, 223 Brunswick-Lüneburg and Netherlands, between (1692), 223 Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sweden, between (1691), 263 Electoral compact (1692), 233 Grand Alliance. See that title Nürnberg settlement, 93, 95, 96 Partition Treaty between England and France—First (1698), 307; Second, 310, 317-18 Prague, Peace of (1634), 51, 145, 148 Ryswyk, Peace of (1697), 306 Utrecht, Peace of (1713), 407-8, 412 Westphalia, Peace of (1648), 45, 83, 97, 146, 149, 192, 229
Trumbull, Sir William, 304
Tunbridge, Lord, 324
Turenne, Marshal, 67, 80, 183
Tweeddale, Marquis of, 373
Vane, Sir Harry, 61
Velasco, Don Alonso de, 21
Vere, Sir Horace, 41
Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy, 225, 301-2, 321 and note
Villiers, Lady Mary, 46
Wallenstein, 47
Waller, Sir William, 104
Walpole, Horace, cited, 260, 280-1
Walpole, Sir Robert, 281
Ward, Nathaniel, 63
Wartenberg, Cardinal Francis William von, 158
Wartenberg, Countess von, 299-300, 357
Wartenberg, Kolbe von, 299
Weston, Sir Richard, 35-6
Weyhe, General von, 246
575Weyhe, Mme. von (Marie von Meysenbug, Frau von dem Bussche), 242, 246 and note:f103#, 248
Wharton, Lord, 385
Wilhelmina (great-granddaughter of Sophia), 298-9
Wilhelmina Caroline of Ansbach, Queen (wife of George II), childhood of, 358; marriage, 359; influence with her husband, 288; birth of eldest son, 359; relations with Sophia, 348, 359, 377; otherwise mentioned, 280-1, 355, 395, 429, 431, 441
Wilhelmsburg, Countess of. See Eleonora
William II, Prince of Orange, 57
William III, Prince of Orange (King William III of England), marriage of, 209; visit to Hanover (1680), 209-10; on James II’s accession, 210; relations with Sophia, 210, 213, 215-16, 219-22; expedition to England, 212, 214-15; Bill of Rights (1689) as affecting, 217; correspondence with Sophia on Bill of Rights, 219-20; appealed to regarding Lauenburg claims, 237-8; Succession policy, 225-6; attitude towards the Savoy Succession, 225, 301; death of his wife, 224, 301; suggestions as to re-marriage, 301-4, 312; the Assassination Plot (1696), 302; ill-health, 303, 311; visit to Cleves, 304 and note; attitude towards admission of Elector of Hanover to Electoral College, 305; secret negotiation with France, 306; First Partition Treaty with France (1698), 307; conference at Göhrde with George William of Celle (1698), 307; interview with Duchess of Celle regarding English Succession question, 308-9; relations with Sophia on the question, 309-10, 314, 317; attitude towards Electoral Prince of Brandenburg (1700), 312-14, 317; at the Hague with the two Electresses, 317; relations with his Parliament, 310; meeting with Duke George William and Prince George Augustus at the Loo (1701), 362; death of, 365; title of, to British Crown, 8; otherwise mentioned, 102, 110, 153, 163, 189, 190 note 1, 193, 300, 344, 369, 378, 385 note
William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, 97
Wimbledon, Lord, 47
Winchelsea, Lord, 337, 367
Withypol (Wittepole), Lady, 86
Wladislaw IV, King of Poland, 70-1 and note
Woods, Mrs., cited, 262 note
Worthington, Dr., 117 note
Wotton, Sir Henry, visit of, to Heidelberg Court, 26-8 and note; mission to Vienna, 35-6; devotion to Queen of Bohemia, 43-4; cited, 52 note; mentioned, 15, 161
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Transcriber’s Note
Appendix B contains a series of letters in French. The editor comments (p. #447): “The spelling of the words in the Letters, the way in which those words are run into one another...have ... been left as they stand in the transcript.” With that approach, with three exceptions (obvious transpositions of letters), no corrections have been made.
Likewise, there are frequent quotations from contemporary sources, and any deviations from our standard spellings are left untouched, but noted here: mesages (44.23), l’esperane 495.6, contrar (552.8).
At 10.11, there is an error. the Electress Sophia died in 1714 not 1712, two months before Britain’s Queen Anne died and Sophia’s son George became George I of England.
In the Index, references to a note on a given page, may include the original note number (e.g., ‘323 note 1’) should there be more than one. In those cases the original number is changed to the resequenced number.
The Index entry on p. 101 for Charles (Elector Palatine does not exist. . Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original. or, if in a note, to the page, note and line within the note.
2.26 of militant Protestan[t]ism Inserted.
71.15 the hand of [his/her] elder sister Replaced.
140.15 the Round Tow[n/er] at Windsor Castle Replaced.
188.4 in her [ç/c]i-devant lover Replaced.
319.19 at the Court of St. James.[’] Removed,
371.159.2 May 27th, 1[9/7]02 Replaced.
401.18 no warrant for either as[s]umption; Inserted.
460.10 je soufri[ar/ra]ÿ pour vous Transposed.
461.16 des remaide indi[ng/gn]e d’un honest homme Transposed.
466.15 comme je pouraÿ postai[ts/st]re recevoir Transposed.
503.30 for its sake[.] Added,
522.6 obedient servant’ser[vant].[1] Removed, spurious.
540.1.1 in the immediate vi[nc/cin]ity Replaced.
563.14 40[1/4] note Replaced.