← Table of contents
The complete works of John Gower, volume 3

Incipit Liber Octavus. (continued 2)

Reading edition

*Adieu, for I mot fro the wende. And gret wel Chaucer whan ye mete,18102941* As mi disciple and mi poete: For in the floures of his youthe In sondri wise, as he wel couthe, Of Ditees and of songes glade, The whiche he for mi sake made, The loud fulfild is overal: Wherof to him in special Above alle othre I am most holde.1811 For thi now in hise daies olde2950* Thow schalt him telle this message, That he upon his latere age, To sette an ende of alle his werk,1812 As he which is myn owne clerk, Do make his testament of love, As thou hast do thi schrifte above, So that mi Court it mai recorde.’ ‘Madame, I can me wel acorde,’ Quod I, ‘to telle as ye me bidde.’ And with that word it so betidde,18132960* Out of my sihte al sodeynly,1814 Enclosed in a sterred sky, Up to the hevene Venus straghte,1815 And I my rihte weie cawhte,1816 Hom fro the wode and forth I wente,1817 Wher as with al myn hole entente,1818 Thus with mi bedes upon honde,1819 For hem that trewe love fonde I thenke bidde whil I lyve Upon the poynt which I am schryve.2970* [The Author prays for the King.] iv.* Ad laudem Cristi, quem tu, virgo, peperisti, Sit laus Ricardi, quem sceptra colunt leopardi. Ad sua precepta compleui carmina cepta, Que Bruti nata legat Anglia perpetuata.1820 He which withinne dayes sevene This large world forth with the hevene Hic in fine libri honorificos que virtuosos illustrissimi Principis domini sui Regis Anglie Ricardi secundi mores, sicut dignum est, laude commendabili describens, pro eiusdem status salubri conseruacione cunctipotentem deuocius exorat. Of his eternal providence Hath mad, and thilke intelligence1821 In mannes soule resonable Enspired to himself semblable, Wherof the man of his feture Above alle erthly creature1822 After the soule is immortal, To thilke lord in special,2980* As he which is of alle thinges The creatour, and of the kinges Hath the fortunes upon honde,1823 His grace and mercy forto fonde Upon mi bare knees I preye, That he my worthi king conveye, Richard by name the Secounde,1824 In whom hath evere yit be founde1825 Justice medled with pite, Largesce forth with charite.2990* In his persone it mai be schewed What is a king to be wel thewed, Touchinge of pite namely: [The King commended.] For he yit nevere unpitously Ayein the liges of his lond,1826 For no defaute which he fond, Thurgh cruelte vengaunce soghte; And thogh the worldes chaunce in broghte1827 Of infortune gret debat, Yit was he not infortunat:3000* For he which the fortune ladde, The hihe god, him overspradde Of his Justice, and kepte him so,1828 That his astat stood evere mo Sauf, as it oghte wel to be;1829 Lich to the Sonne in his degree, Which with the clowdes up alofte Is derked and bischadewed ofte,1830 But hou so that it trowble in their,1831 The Sonne is evere briht and feir,3010* Withinne himself and noght empeired:1832 Althogh the weder be despeired, The hed planete is not to wite.1833 Mi worthi prince, of whom I write, Thus slant he with himselve clier,1834 And doth what lith in his power1835 Not only hier at hom to seke1836 Love and acord, but outward eke,1837 As he that save his poeple wolde. So ben we alle wel beholde18383020* To do service and obeyssaunce To him, which of his heyh suffraunce1839 Hath many a gret debat appesed,1840 To make his lige men ben esed;1841 Wherfore that his Croniqe schal For evere be memorial To the loenge of that he doth.1842 For this wot every man in soth, What king that so desireth pes,1843 He takth the weie which Crist ches:3030* And who that Cristes weies sueth, It proveth wel that he eschueth The vices and is vertuous,1844 Wherof he mot be gracious Toward his god and acceptable. And so to make his regne stable,1845 With al the wil that I mai yive I preie and schal whil that I live, As I which in subjeccioun Stonde under the proteccioun,18463040* And mai miselven not bewelde,1847 What for seknesse and what for elde,1848 Which I receyve of goddes grace. But thogh me lacke to purchace [The Author presents his Book to the King.] Mi kinges thonk as by decerte,1849 Yit the Simplesce of mi poverte Unto the love of my ligance Desireth forto do plesance: And for this cause in myn entente This povere bok heer I presente18503050* Unto his hihe worthinesse, Write of my simple besinesse,1851 So as seknesse it suffre wolde.1852 And in such wise as I ferst tolde, Whan I this bok began to make,1853 In som partie it mai be take1854 As for to lawhe and forto pleye; And forto loke in other weye,1855 It mai be wisdom to the wise: So that somdel for good aprise18563060* And eek somdel for lust and game1857 I have it mad, as thilke same1858 Which axe forto ben excused,1859 That I no Rethoriqe have used Upon the forme of eloquence, For that is not of mi science; But I have do my trewe peyne With rude wordes and with pleyne To speke of thing which I have told.1860 [Farewell to Earthly Love.] But now that I am feble and old,18613070* And to the worschipe of mi king In love above alle other thing1862 That I this bok have mad and write,1863 Mi Muse doth me forto wite1864 That it is to me for the beste Fro this day forth to take reste,1865 That I nomore of love make.1866 But he which hath of love his make1867 It sit him wel to singe and daunce,1868 And do to love his entendance3080* In songes bothe and in seyinges After the lust of his pleyinges, For he hath that he wolde have: But where a man schal love crave1869 And faile, it stant al otherwise.1870 In his proverbe seith the wise, Whan game is best, is best to leve:1871 And thus forthi my fynal leve, With oute makyng eny more,1872 I take now for evere more3090* Of love and of his dedly hele,1873 Which no phisicien can hele. For his nature is so divers, That it hath evere som travers Or of to moche or of to lite, That fully mai noman delyte, But if him lacke or that or this.1874 But thilke love which that is Withinne a mannes herte affermed, [Heavenly Love.] And stant of charite confermed,3100* That love is of no repentaile; For it ne berth no contretaile, Which mai the conscience charge, But it is rather of descharge,1875 And meedful heer and overal. Forthi this love in special1876 Is good for every man to holde,1877 And who that resoun wol beholde,1878 Al other lust is good to daunte: Which thing the hihe god us graunte18793110* Forth with the remenant of grace So that of hevene in thilke place Wher resteth love and alle pes,1880 Oure joye mai ben endeles.1881

FOOTNOTES:

1882Epistola super huius opusculi sui complementum Iohanni Gower a quodam philosopho transmissa.

Quam cinxere freta, Gower, tua carmina leta Per loca discreta canit Anglia laude repleta. Carminis Athleta, satirus, tibi, siue Poeta, Sit laus completa quo gloria stat sine meta.

1883Quia1884 vnusquisque, prout a deo accepit, aliis impartiri tenetur, Iohannes Gower super hiis que deus sibi sensualiter1885 donauit villicacionis sue racionem, dum tempus instat,1886 secundum aliquid alleuiare cupiens,1887inter labores et ocia ad aliorum noticiam tres libros doctrine causa forma subsequenti propterea composuit.

Primus liber Gallico sermone editus in decem diuiditur partes, et tractans de viciis et virtutibus,1888 necnon et de variis huius seculi gradibus,1889viam qua peccator transgressus ad sui creatoris agnicionem redire debet, recto tramite docere conatur. Titulusque1890 libelli istius Speculum Meditantis1891 nuncupatus est.

1892Secundus enim liber sermone latino metrice compositus tractat de variis infortuniis tempore Regis Ricardi Secundi in Anglia contingentibus. Vnde non solum regni proceres et communes tormenta passi sunt, set et ipse crudelissimus rex suis ex demeritis ab alto corruens in foueam quam fecit finaliter proiectus est. Nomenque voluminis huius Vox Clamantis intitulatur.

1893Tercius iste liber qui ob reuerenciam strenuissimi domini sui domini Henrici de Lancastria, tunc Derbeie Comitis, Anglico sermone conficitur, secundum Danielis propheciam super huius mundi regnorum mutacione a tempore regis Nabugodonosor vsque1894 nunc tempora distinguit.1895 Tractat eciam secundum Aristotilem1896 super hiis quibus rex Alexander tam in sui regimen1897 quam aliter1898eius disciplina edoctus fuit. Principalis tamen huius operis1899 materia1900 super amorem et infatuatas amantum passiones fundamentum habet. Nomenque sibi appropriatum Confessio Amantis specialiter1901 sortitus est.

FOOTNOTES:

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · 2941* ff. This conclusion is in first recension copies only, A ... B₂ &c. But ll. 2941*-2961* also in Λ. All variations from A are noted.Note 2 · 2949* moost ANote 3 · 2953* eende A al JNote 4 · 2960* world AMX betidde (bitidde) JH₁ECB₂ by tydde (be tidde) AMRLNote 5 · 2961* sihte (sighte) JR syht (sight) AMH₁ECLB₂Note 6 · 2963* f. straghte: cawhte AM strauhte: cauhte J straght(e): caght(e) RL straughte: caughte ECNote 7 · 2964* righte (rihte) JEC riht (right) AMH₁RNote 8 · 2965* Hoom AM and om. CNote 9 · 2966* hole J hoole AMNote 10 · 2967* f. hoonde: foonde AMNote 11 · Latin Verses iv.* 3 ceptra AMNote 12 · 2974* mad J maad ANote 13 · 2978* erþly C eerþli AM erþely JH₁ERLB₂Note 14 · 2983* f. hoonde: foonde AMNote 15 · 2987* be JNote 16 · 2988* byfounde A by founde MNote 17 · 2995* f. loond: foond ANote 18 · 2998* inbroughte JH₁Note 19 · 3003* kepte ECB₂ kept AJMH₁RLNote 20 · 3005* bee ANote 21 · 3008* bischadewed (byshadewed) AMH₁E by schadewed (by schadowed) RCLB₂ beschaded JNote 22 · 3009* Bot JH₁Note 23 · 3011* Wiþin AMNote 24 · 3013* hed (hede) JM heed A heued H₁E ... B₂Note 25 · 3015* f. clier: power J cleer: poweer ANote 26 · 3016* dooþ AMNote 27 · 3017* only hier at hom to seke J oonly heer athoom to seeke ANote 28 · 3018* acord JER acorde AC eeke AECNote 29 · 3020* been AMC by holde AMNote 30 · 3022* hihe H₁RLB₂ hie JNote 31 · 3023* a gret (agret) JCL a grete (agrete) AMH₁ &c.Note 32 · 3024* been ANote 33 · 3037* f. dooþ: sooþ AMRNote 34 · 3029* f. pees: chees AMRNote 35 · 3033* f. vertuows: graciows AMNote 36 · 3036* And for to CB₂ maake ANote 37 · 3040* Stoonde AM the] his JNote 38 · 3041* by welde AMH₁Note 39 · 3042* sekenesse AMH₁RNote 40 · 3045* be JNote 41 · 3050* bok J book ACNote 42 · 3052* besinesse (besynesse) JH₁RL bisinesse A busynesse CNote 43 · 3053* seeknesse (seknesse) JC seekenesse (sekenesse &c.) AMH₁RNote 44 · 3055* book by gan to maake ANote 45 · 3056* by taake ANote 46 · 3058* looke A ooþer AMNote 47 · 3060* f. somdeel ANote 48 · 3061* of game JNote 49 · 3062* as AJM for H₁XRCLB₂Note 50 · 3063* been ANote 51 · 3069* f. toold: oold ANote 52 · 3070* Bot JNote 53 · 3072* ooþer ANote 54 · 3073* book A &c.Note 55 · 3074* dooþ AMNote 56 · 3076* taake ANote 57 · 3077* nomoore of loue maake ANote 58 · 3078* Bot J maake ANote 59 · 3079* sit J sitte AMRCLB₂Note 60 · 3084* Bot JNote 61 · 3085* alooþerwise ANote 62 · 3087* Whan game is beste ANote 63 · 3089* f. moore: moore ANote 64 · 3091* f. heele: heele AMNote 65 · 3097* f. Bot JNote 66 · 3104* Bot JNote 67 · 3106* love om. AMNote 68 · 3107* hoolde ANote 69 · 3108* wol byholde (biholde) ARCL wil biholde B₂ wel be holde J wel byholde MNote 70 · 3110* ous JNote 71 · 3113* pees AMCNote 72 · 3114* been endelees AM At the end Amen MXERCLB₂Note 73 · Epistola huius operis sui AJECL huius operis vel opusculi sui XRB₂ huius opusculi ΔNote 74 · Quia vnusquisque ins. AJXERCLB₂, BTΛ, F om. SΔ, Magd (MH₁G, Ad, WKH₃ defective at the end)Note 75 · 1 Qvuia FNote 76 · 2 sensualiter] intellectualiter A ... B₂Note 77 · 3 dum tempus instat om. BTΛNote 78 · 4 ff. inter labores—composuit] tres precipue libros per ipsum dum vixit doctrine causa compositos ad aliorum noticiam in lucem seriose produNote 79 · 8 f. necnon—gradibus om. BTΛNote 80 · 9 ff. viam—conatur] viam precipue qua peccator in penitendo Cristi misericordiam assequi poterit, tota mentis deuocione finaliter contemplatNote 81 · 11 Titulusque] titulus AX ... B₂Note 82 · Speculum hominis A ... B₂ Speculum mediantis BNote 83 · 13 ff. Secundus enim liber, sermone latino versibus exametri et pentametri compositus, tractat super illo mirabili euentu qui in Anglia (anNote 84 · 20 ff. Tercius iste liber (liber iste J) Anglico sermone in octo partes diuisus, qui ad instanciam serenissimi Principis dicti domini Regis Note 85 · 24 vsque in nunc TNote 86 · 24 distingui BNote 87 · 25 Nectanabum et Aristotilem A ... B₂Note 88 · 26 regimine X ... B₂Note 89 · 26 f. eius disciplina—materia om. AX ... B₂ eorum disciplina &c. JNote 90 · 27 operis] libri JNote 91 · 28 ff. super amorem et amantum condiciones fundamentum habet: vbi variarum Cronicarum historiarumque sentencie, necnon Poetarum PhilosophoruNote 92 · 30 specialiter om. Λ
Explore with AITake your curiosity a little further.

Reading settings