INDEX OF VOLUME V

N. B.—Figures in Italics indicate major references.

A

A Highland Lad My Love was Born (Scotch folk-song), 113. Abdominal breathing, 4f. Abyssinians, 86. Acoustics (rel. to human voice), 13. Adam de la Halle, 138. Adams, Stephen, 327. Adaptive change, 2. Adeste Fideles, 113. African folk-songs, 105. Agricola, Martin, 164. Airs du cour, 166. Albéniz, Isaac, 120. Albert, Heinrich, 162f. America, (folk-music) 129; (song-writers), 298, 319ff, 322f. Anatomy of the vocal organs, 1-23. Ancient methods of vocal culture, 30ff. An die ferne Geliebte (Beethoven), 154f. André, Johann, 191f. ‘Annie Laurie,’ 107, 113. Archilei, Vittoria, 40. Arensky, Antony, 368. Aria, (da capo form), 154ff; (development), 172ff; (German), 175. Arioso, 175. Aristotle, 55. Arne, [Dr.] Thomas, 171. Arnold, Samuel, 172. Art-ballad (German), 272ff. Art-song, (compared with folk-song) 72, 89ff; (early rise and decline), 151ff; (in 17th cent.), 162ff; (rise of modern), 186ff. Articulation, 3, 16ff, 63ff. Artificial soprano, 44. Athens, early vocal culture in, 32f. Assyria, vocal culture in, 30. Auld Lang Syne, 72f, 102, 112f.

B

Bach, Johann Sebastian, (spiritual songs), 147; (secular songs), 164; (in rel. to German song), 175. Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (Geistliche Lieder), 189f. Balakireff, Mily, 127, 365. Balfe, Michael, 267. Ballad form, (compared to lyric form), 202; (Schubert), 225f; (Löwe), 272ff. Ballad opera, (18th cent.), 170ff; (19th cent.), 267. Bantock, Granville, 372f. Baritone voice, 62. Bass voice, 14. Bassani, Giovanni Battista, 160. Beethoven, 96, 177, 184, 187, 193, 196. An die ferne Geliebte, 154f. In questa tomba, 184. Busslied, 184. ‘Beggar’s Opera,’ 170f. Behnke, 28. Bel canto, 16, 29, 44, 158f. Benedict, Julius, 267. Béranger, 260f. Bergerette, 166f, 179f, 204. Berlioz, Hector, 262ff. Bierbaum, Otto Julius, 331. Bishop, [Sir] Henry, 105, 172, 267. Bizet, Georges, 315. Blondel (minstrel), 137f. Bohemian folk-songs, 127f. Bologna (early music school in), 37. Borodine, Alexander, 128, 365f. Brahms, Johannes, 125, 276-290. Æolian Harp, 286. Anklänge, 285. As the Clouds, 285. Before the Window, 282. Consolation of Spring, 288. Fidelity, 284. Going to My Sweetheart, 282. Gold Outweighs Love, 288. Gypsy Songs, 277f, 282f. Have a Care, 288. Hey, Bow and Arrow, 287. Hey, Ye Gypsies, 283. I Call from the Bank, 288. Is it Sorrow, 287. Joy Hath Left Me, 282. Lament, 282. Longing, 282. Love and Spring, 284. [The] Lover’s Oath, 282. Magyar Love Song, 288. [The] Maiden, 282f. [The] Maiden’s Curse, 288f. Minnelied, 289. Motionless Air, 288. [The] Mournful One, 282. Nicht mehr zu dir zu gehen, 286. Nightingale, 285. [The] Nut Brown Lad, 283. Oh, Come, Holy Summer Night, 288. Oh, kühler Wald, 289. Oh, Would I Knew the Returning Road, 288. On Sunday Morning, 288. Red Evening Clouds, 283. Remembrance, 288. Rest, Sweet Love, 287. [The] Return, 285. Sapphic Ode, 289. Serenade, 282. [The] Smith, 285. So steh’n wir, ich and meine Weide, 287. [The] Song of Herr von Falkenstein, 287f. Spanish Song, 285. Three Roses in a Row, 283. Twilight Falls, 288. Vain Serenade, 289. Volkslied, 282. Wie bist du, meine Königin, 287. With, Eternal Love, 287. Breath control, 58. Breathing, 1ff; (faulty methods) 65. Breathing exercises, 60f. Browne and Behnke (‘Voice, Song and Speech’), 28. Bruneau, Alfred, 356f. [The] Brunette, 166. Bungert, August, 312. Burns, Robert, 91, 95f, 113f. Burton, Frederick R., 42.

C

Caccini, Giulio, 47ff, 154. Amarilla, 159. Cadman, Charles Wakefield, 105. Caffarelli, 44. Caldara, Antonio, 160. Caller Herrin (Scotch song), 113. Cambio, Perrisone, 153. [The] Campbells are Coming, 112f. Canadian folk-songs, 375ff. Cantus firmus, 148f. Carey, Henry, 171. Carissimi, Giacomo, 160. Catholic Church. See Roman Catholic Church. Cavalli, Francesco, 159f. Cavatina, 175. Chabrier, Emmanuel, 354. Chaldea (ancient), vocal culture in, 30. Chaminade, Cécile, 318. Chanson, 166. Charlemagne, 131. Charlie is My Darling (Scotch folk-song), 113. Charpentier, Gustave, 358. Chausson, Ernest, 355. Cherubini, Luigi, 49f. Chest cavity, 4f. Chest register, 11f. Chest resonance, 14f, 62ff. Chinese scale, 86. Chivalry (influence of, on song), 136ff. Choir master, in early Roman church, 33ff. Choir schools, 33ff. Chopin, Frédéric, 256. Chorale, 147. Church, Roman, (early vocal culture in), 33ff; (early music of), 130f; (use of popular music in), 148. See also Greek Catholic Church; Lutheran Church. Classic song (The), 151-185. Coloratura, 39ff, 155ff, 160. Comic opera (French), 166, 179. Conservatoire method of singing, 49f. Consonants, 17f, 64, 66. Coquard, Arthur, 319. Cornelius, Peter, 298, 302ff. Counterpoint, 24, 35ff, 129, 149, 153; (modern), 343, 345. Courts of Love, 139f. Cowen, Frederick, 327. Crescendo (vocal), 15. Cricoid cartilage, 6ff. Cui, César, 366. Curschmann, Karl Friedrich, 256.

D

Da capo form, 154ff, 172, 175. Dalayrac, Nicolas, 180. Dance, (primitive), 83; (popularity of, in Italy), 120. Danish folk-songs, 123. Dargomijsky, Alexander, 349, 364f, 365. Darwin, Charles (theory of origin of song), 87. David, Félicien, 315. Davy, John, 172. Debussy, Claude, 346, 356; (compared with Charpentier), 358; (his songs), 358ff; (compared with M. Ravel), 362; (influenced by Moussorgsky), 367. Declamation, art of (in ancient Athens), 32; (compared with recitative), 202f. Dehmel, Richard, 331. Delivery, in singing, 97. Denmark, folk-songs of, 123. Denza, Luigi, 323. Der du von dem Himmel bist (settings of Liszt and Schubert compared), 294. Descriptive music, 219f. Diaphragm, 4f. Dibdin, Charles, 172. Dissonance, unprepared, 159, 162. Doric mode, in Irish folk-song, 114. Dramatic recitative, influence of, on solo singing, 42. Drinking, effect of, on singer’s organism, 19. Du bist wie eine Blume (Schumann), 240; (Liszt), 294; (Rubinstein), 324. Dufay, Guillaume, 148. Duparc, Henri, 355. Durchkomponiertes Lied, 176f. Dutch folk-song, 108. Dutrochet, cited, 56. Dvořák, Anton, 312.

E

Ear control of voice, 28f, 52f. Eating, effect of, on singer’s organism, 19. Ecclesiastical modes. See Modes. Education, musical, viii-ff. Edward (settings of Löwe and Brahms), 275. Egypt, vocal culture in, 30. Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam (settings of Schumann and Lassen), 307. Eleanor of Aquitaine, 140. Elgar, Edward, 371f. England, (folk-song), 104, 108ff; (mediæval minstrels), 34, 38, 132; (classic song), 167ff; (songs of early 19th cent.), 266, 267f; (late romantics), 298, 326ff; (modern lyricists), 371ff. English ballad-opera, 170ff, 267. English folk-song, 167ff. Enunciation, 66. Erlking, (Schubert), 193f, 203, 205, 209, 225; (Löwe), 274. Es ist bestimmt (Mendelssohn), 107. Ethmoid sinus, 15. Expiration, in correct breathing, 5. Expressive style. See Representative style.

F

Fabricius of Aquapendente, 55f. Falsetto, 62. Farinelli, 44. Fasolo, G. B., 160. Fauré, Gabriel, 347, 349ff. Ferrein (anatomist), 56. Fétis, F. J., cited, 27. Fielitz, Alexander von, 310f. Finck, Henry T., cited, 319. Finland, modern, 370f. Fiorituri, 41. [The] Fisher (folk-song), 119; (Schubert), 212. [The] Fisher Boy, (Schubert), 226; (Liszt), 292f. Florid song. See Coloratura, Ornamentation. Folk-song, 25, 70-99, 100ff, 147f, 150, 308ff, 337; (English), 110f, 167ff; (Scotch), 111ff; (Irish), 113f; (French), 115f, 164f; (Italian), 116ff, 153, 266ff; (Spanish), 119f, 364ff; (German), 120f, 162f, 191f, 229f; (Scandinavian), 121, 299, 301f; (Hungarian), 122ff; (Russian), 125ff; (Norwegian), 121, 369; (Bohemian), 127f; (Polish), 128; (influence on art-song), 152ff; (compared to early church song), 164f; (influence on Schubert), 205. See also Songs in the folk-manner. ‘Forward tone,’ 64f. Foster, Stephen C., 107, 129, 163f. France, (mediæval minstrels), 133f; (Troubadours), 136ff; (classic song), 164ff, 178ff; (romantic period), 258ff; (late romantics), 298, 313ff. Franck, César, 354f. Franz, Robert, 268ff; (compared with Brahms), 278; (compared with Grieg), 299f; (compared with Hugo Wolf), 334f. French folk-song, 115ff; (in 16th cent.), 164f. French-Canadian folk-songs, 375f. French comic opera, 179. French influence, (on early German song), 164; (on early English song), 168f. French lyricism, modern, 346-363. Frottola, 153. Funicula, (Italian folk-song), 103; (Denza), 323.

G

Gagnon (collector of French-Canadian songs), 118. Galen (anatomist), 55. Galilei, Vincenzo, 154. García, Manuel, 10, 57f. Gastoldi, Giacomo, 153. Geibel, Emmanuel, 330f. German folk-song, 106f, 119, 120ff; (in rel. to the singspiel), 191f. German opera, 176, 228. German vowels, 16. Germany (attitude of, toward folk-songs, compared with England’s), 109; (mediæval minstrels), 132, 141ff; (Meistersinger), 144ff; (Reformation), 147f, 150; (classical song), 162ff; (song in 18th cent.), 175ff; (time of Schubert), 197, 198ff, 227f; (Schumann), 231ff; (romantics after Schumann), 298, 302ff; (since Franco-Prussian War), 330ff. See also German folk-song. Gibbons, Orlando, 167. Glazounoff, Alexander, 368. Glinka, Michail Ivanovitch, 127, 257. Glottis, 12f, 21, 55f; (correct management of), 61. Gluck, Christoph Willibald, 177; influence on Berlioz, 263. God Save the King, 171. Godard, Benjamin, 317f. Goethe, 193, 198f; (quoted on the ballad form), 274. Gordigiani, Luigi, 266. Goring-Thomas, Arthur, 298, 327f, 371. Gossec, François Joseph, 183. Gounod, Charles François, 278f, 298, 313f. Graben-Hoffmann, Gustav, 312. Graun, Johann Gottlieb, 164. Great Britain, folk-songs of, 108ff. See also England. Greece, 167. Greek Catholic Church, 40f. Grétry, André Erneste Modeste, 180. Grieg, Edvard, 299ff. [The] Swan, 300. Guido d’Arezzo, 34. Guilbert, Yvette, 111. Gypsies, 123f. Gypsy songs. See Brahms.

H

Hahn, Reynaldo, 319. Handel, George Frederick, 171. Harmonics, vocal, 15. Harmony, (in early Italian part-songs), 153f; (in 17th cent. French song), 166; (Wagner), 291f; (Arnold Schönberg), 343; (modern French school), 348ff; (Alfred Bruneau), 356; (Dargomijsky), 364. Harp, mediæval, 136. [The] Harp That Once Through Tara’s Halls (Irish folk-song), 114. Hassler, Hans Leo, 162. Haydn, Joseph, 177f, 187. Head cavities, 16f. Head register, 12. Health, influence of, on singing, 18. Hebrews, early vocal culture of, 30ff, 40f. Heidenröslein (Schubert), 107. Heine, Heinrich, 224f, 233ff, 248f. Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von (quoted), 16, 58. Henderson, W. J. (cited), 207f. Henry VIII, King of England, 110. Henschel, Georg, 308ff. Herder, Johann Gottfried, 110. Heyse, Paul, 331. Hiller, Johann Adam, 176f, 191, 197. Himmel, Friedrich Heinrich, 229. Hippocrates, 55. Hoffmannsthal, Hugo von, 331. Holland, folk-songs of, 108. Holmès, Augusta Mary Anne, 319. Home, Sweet Home, 105. Hook, James, 172. Huë, George Adolphe, 319. Hugo, Victor, 259f. Humfrey, Pelham, 168f. Hungarian folk-songs, 122ff. Hygiene of the voice, 1-23. Hymns, in Lutheran Church, 147.

I

I Hear a Mill Go Tick-Tack (French folk-song), 117. Ich hab’ im Traum geweinet (settings of Schumann and Lassen), 307. Impressionistic school, 346-363. Indians (American), folk-songs of, 72f, 105, 129. [d’]Indy, Vincent, 355f, 358. Inspiration (physical action), 3ff. Instruments of mediæval minstrels, 136. Ionian mode, 167. Ippolitoff-Ivanoff, Michael, 368. Ireland, folk-songs of, 108f, 113ff. It was a Dream (settings of Schumann and Lassen), 307. Italian folk-songs, 116f, 153, 266. Italian influence on German music, 164. Italian method of vocal culture, 24-54, 68f. Italian opera, (rise of), 151f, 155ff; (influence of, in Germany), 164; (in England), 170f; (and the aria), 172ff. Italy, (Trovatori), 138; (classical song), 151ff; (18th-19th cent.), 265f; (late romantics in), 298, 323. See also Italian folk-songs.

J

Jadassohn, Salomon, 256. James II, King of England, 169. Japan, primitive song of, 86. Java, primitive music of, 86. Jensen, Adolf, 303, 305ff. Jerusalem (ancient), vocal culture in, 31f, 40f. Jesos Ahatonhia (old French song), 117. Joke-songs, Italian, 120. Jongleurs, (origin of the name), 132; (music of), 132ff. Jugglers, 132ff.

K

Kehlkopf. See Larynx. Keiser, Reinhard, 164. Kiesewetter, Raphael Georg, 40. [The] King of Thule (settings of Schubert and Liszt), 226; (Liszt), 293f. Kittredge, G. L. (cited), 75. Kjerulf, Halfdan, 311f. Korbay, Francis Alexander, 126. Kreutzer, Conrad, 228.

L

Ladré, 181. Lamartine, 260. Laryngeal action, 60f. Laryngoscope, 10, 12f; (influence of on modern voice culture), 45, 55, 57f. Larynx, 6ff. Lassen, Eduard, 307f. Lawes, Henry, 168. Lehman, Liza, 328f. Leise, leise (Weber), 107. Lekeu, Guillaume, 355. Léroux, Xavier, 318f. Lied. See Germany (classic song, etc.). Lieder-singer, art of the, 93f, 97. Liliencron, Detlev von, 331. Lindpainter, Peter Joseph von, 229. Lineva (Mme.), 125ff. Lips (in singing), 3. Liscovius, 56. Lisle, Rouget de, 182. Liszt, Franz, (Hungarian Rhapsodies), 123, 125; (King of Thule), 226; (songs), 292ff. Loch Lomond, 113. [Die] Loreley, (Silcher), 230; (settings by Liszt and Silcher compared), 293. Lortzing, Albert, 228. Love, influence of, on early song, 137, 139f. Love-songs, primitive, 81. Loewe, Johann Carl Gottfried, 226, 272ff. Ludwig the Pious, 131. Lungs (in singing), 1, 2ff. Lute, 136. Luther, Martin, 147. Lutheran Church, 122, 147. Lydian mode, 167. Lyric form, compared to ballad form, 202. Lyric impulse, 85ff.

M

MacDowell, Edward, 298, 319ff. Mackenzie, [Sir] Morell, cited, 18. Madrigal, 149f, 153f, 157; (English), 167. Mahler, Gustav, 336ff. Major mode, 148f, 167. See also Scales. Male soprano, 44. Mancini, Giovanni Battista, 49. Mandl, Louis, 58. Mannstein, Heinrich F., 27, 56f. Mark, Adolph Bernhard, 56f. Marot, Clément, 165. Marschner, Heinrich, 228. Marseillaise, 72, 182f. Martinengo-Cæsaresco, Countess, 70f, 80. Marx, Joseph, 345. Massenet, Jules, 317, 358. Mastersingers, rise of, 144ff, 150. Maybrick, M. See Adams, Stephen. Mazarin, Cardinal, 165. ‘Mazarinades,’ 165. Méhul, Étienne Nicolas, 49, 183. Meistersinger (rise of), 144ff, 150. [Die] Meistersinger (Wagner), 142. Melody (in primitive song), 76, 83f; (in early folk-song), 153f; (modern French school), 348ff, 363. Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, 107, 254f. Mengozzi, Bernardo, 49f. Mercadante, Giuseppe, 265f. Merkel, Karl Ludwig, 58. Methfessel, Albert Gottlieb, 229. Méthode de Chant du Conservatoire de Musique, 49f. Methods (vocal), standardization of, 59. Meyer-Helmund, Eric, 312. Mezzo-soprano, 62. Minnesingers, (rise of), 141ff; (nature and value of their songs), 143f. Minor mode, in Russian folk-song, 127f. Minstrels, 25, 75, 77, 131ff. Modern scientific methods, of vocal culture, 55-69. Modes. See Major mode, Minor mode; Ionian mode; Lydian mode. Modes, ecclesiastical, 135, 145, 152. Modulation (Schubert), 208f. Mon Cri Cra, Tir’ la Liretta (French-Canadian folk-song), 375. Monodic style, 39, 153ff, 162, 172f. Monpou, François Louis Hippolyte, 265. Monsigny, Pierre Alexandre, 116, 180. Monteverdi, Claudio, 43, 155, 159, 172f. Moore, [Sir] Thomas, 113f. Möricke, Eduard, 331. Moszkowski, Moritz, 326. Moussorgsky, Modeste, 128, 365, 367f. Mouth (in singing), 3. Mouth-pharynx, 14ff; (resonance), 63ff. Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 178, 187ff, 205. The Violet, 178. Müller, Johannes, 56. Muset, Colin, jongleur, 134. Musette, 166. Musical education, viii-ff. Musset, Alfred de, 261.

N

Nägeli, Hans Georg, 229. Nahua Indians, 86. Naples, folk-songs of, 119. See also Italian folk-songs. Napoleon I, 183, 260f. Nasal resonance, 14ff, 62ff. Naumann, Karl Ernst, 143. Neapolitan folk-songs, 119. See also Italian folk-songs. Nevin, Ethelbert, 322f. Newman, Ernest (cited), 334. Norway (folk-songs), 123; (modern song-writers), 369. See also Scandinavia. Norwegian folk-songs, 369. Nose (in singing), 3. [Le] Nuove Musiche (Caccini), 47ff.

O

O, Mama mia (Italian folk-song), 119. O, ma tendre Musette (French folk-song), 116. ‘Observations on the Florid Song’ (Tosi), 49. ‘Ode to Joy’ (Schiller), 192. Odes, German, 175. Old Italian Method, 24-25, 68f. Opera (rise of), 151f, 155ff; (in England), 170ff; (German), 176, 228; (Italian), 164, 172ff. Opéra comique, 166, 179. Oratorio, 151, 156. Orient, music of, 42. Ornamentation, 31f, 39ff, 124f. Overtones, vocal, 15.

P

Paesiello, Giovanni, 161f. Pagan song, 130ff. Palate (in singing), 15. Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi, 38. Paris Conservatory, vocal method of, 49f. Part-song, 149f, 153. [Le] Pauvre laboureur (French folk-song), 116. Pentatonic scale, in Scotch folk-songs, 112. Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 161. ‘Persian Songs’ (Rubinstein), 325. Pharynx, 3. Philidor, François-André-Danican, 180. Philip Augustus, King of France, 133. Pianoforte, 231. Pianoforte style, 236ff, 240, 295. Pierné, Gabriel, 318. Pinsuti, Caro, 266. Piper of Dundee (Scotch song), 113. Pitch, determination of (vocal), 11f. Placing of the voice. See Voice placing. Plato, 167. Poetry, ancient, in relation to song, 75ff. Polish folk-songs, 128f. Polyphonic style, influence of, on vocal culture, 35ff. Polyphony, 149, 153, 166; (modern), 362. Primitive song. See Folk-song. Protestant Church. See Lutheran Church. Provençal song. See Troubadours and Trouvères. Psychological theory of tone production, 28f. Psychology (in relation to music), 245f. ‘Psychology of Singing’ (Taylor), 28. Purcell, Henry, 169f.

R

Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 128, 369. Raff, Joachim, 312. Ramis de Pareja, 37. Range of human voice, 14. Ravel, Maurice, 358, 362f. Realism, in songs of Schubert, 210f. Recitative, (influence of, on solo singing), 42; (compared with declamation), 202f; (in songs of Schubert), 241. Recitativo secco, 156. [The] Red Sarafan (Russian folk-song), 127. Reformation, 147, 150. Reger, Max, 340ff, 371. Registers, vocal, 11ff, 61f. Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, 192f, 195. Reimann, Heinrich (cited), 125f. Reinecke, Karl, 255f. Religion, influence of, on primitive song, 78. Remember the Glories of Brian the Brave (Irish folk-song), 114. Renaissance, 150. Representative style, 162. See also Monodic style. Resonance, laws of, 58. Resonance cavities, 1, 2f, 13ff; (control of), 62ff. Respiratory system, 2ff. Rimsky-Korsakoff, Nicholas, 365f. Rhythm, (in primitive song), 83; (in Italian folk-songs), 120; (in Spanish song), 121f; (in Hungarian music), 124f. Roman church (early vocal culture in), 33ff; (introduction of popular music), 148. Romance, (French), 166; (in French opera), 179f. Romantic poetry, 231ff. Romantic song, 231ff; (in France), 258ff; (after Schumann), 296ff; (in Russia, Scandinavia and England), 364ff. Romanticism, (Schubert), 186f; (Schumann), 248f. Ropartz, J. Guy, 318. Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 179f. Rubinstein, Anton, 127, 323ff, 364. Rule Britannia, 171f. Russia, (Glinka), 257; (late romantics), 298, 323ff; (modern lyricists), 364ff. Russian folk-songs, 105, 125ff, 364ff.

S

Sachs, Hans, 146. Saint-Saëns, Camille, 315ff. Sally in Our Alley (Carey), 171. Savart, Félix, 56. Scales, 84, 86; (modern), 152f; (major), 165. See also Whole-tone scale. Scandinavia (modern), 369f. Scandinavian folk-songs, 123, 299, 301f. Scarlatti, Alessandro, 156f, 159, 161. O cessate di piagarmi, 157. Scena, 202. Schiller, 199. Schönberg, Arnold, 342ff. Schopenhauer (cited), 87. Schrecker, Franz, 345. Schubert, Franz, 89f, 91f, 107, 177, 186-230, 231; (compared with Schumann), 235f, 238; (compared with Liszt), 293f; (compared with Hugo Wolf), 331f, 334. [Die] Allmacht, 208, 214. Am Meer, 210, 225. Aufenthalt, 210, 225. Ave Maria, 206. Courage, 221ff. Dead Flowers, 219. Death and the Maiden, 209, 212. Death Music, 204. Der du von dem Himmel bist, 294. [Der] Doppelgänger, 207, 225. [The] Erl King, 193f, 203, 205, 209, 225. [The] Fisher, 212. [The] Fisher Boy, 226. Fülle der Liebe, 204. [Der] greise Kopf, 221. Gretchen am Spinnrad, 155. Gretchen’s Prayer, 214. Harper’s Song, 212. Heather Rose, 212. Hermann and Thusnelda, 226. Ihr Bild, 206, 225. Im Dorfe, 221. [The] Inn, 221, 223. [The] King of Thule, 226. Kolma’s Complaint, 226. [Die] liebe Farbe, 218f. [Der] Lindenbaum, 107, 212, 222. Litany, 211. Morning Greeting, 217. Müllerlieder (song cycle), 209, 212, 215ff. Nebensonnen, 223. [The] Organ Grinder, 223f. [The] Post, 221. Praise of Tears, 212. Rest, 221. Schwanengesang (song cycle), 215. Sea Calm, 213. Serenade, 224. [The] Signpost, 222. [The] Singer, 226. Suleika’s Second Song, 210. Swan Songs, 224f. Täuschung, 221. [The] Trout, 210, 212f. Viola, 204. [The] Wanderer, 202, 205, 213. Wandering, 216, 218. Wanderer’s Evensong, 214. [Der] Wegweiser, 221. Whither, 216f, 219f. Will-o’-the-Wisp, 220. Winterreise (song cycle), 201, 206, 220ff. [Das] Wirtshaus. See [The] Inn. The Young Nun, 214, 216. Schola cantorum. See choir schools. Schulz, Johann, 192. Schumann, Clara, 254. Schumann, Robert, 184, 231-257; (and Robert Franz), 268, 270; (his setting of Two Grenadiers compared with Wagner’s), 290f; (his settings of Heine poems compared with Lassen’s), 307. A Young Man Loved a Maiden, 252. [Die] alten, bösen Lieder (The Old and Evil Songs), 253. An den Sonnenschein, 242f. An das Trinkglass, 242. [Die] beiden Grenadiere (The Two Grenadiers), 242. Blondels Lied, 242. Das ist ein Flöten und Geigen, 250. Dichterliebe (cycle), 238, 248ff. Du bist wie eine Blume, 240. Du Ring an meinem Finger, 245f. Each Night in Dreams, 253. Fair Hedwig, 254. Frauenliebe und Leben (song cycle), 238, 244ff. From Out My Tears, 251. Frühlingsnacht (Spring Night), 243. [The] Glove, 254. He, the Noblest of All, 246. Helft mir, ihr Schwestern, 245. [Der] Hidalgo, 241. [The] Highland Cradle Song, 24Of. The Highlander’s Farewell, 240f. I Wept in My Dreams, 253. I cannot grasp it, I cannot believe it, 245f. Ich grolle nicht, 249, 252. In the Wondrous Lovely Month of May, 251. Intermezzo, 243. Lass mich ihm am Busen hängen, 240. Liederkreis (song cycle), 243. [The] Lion’s Bride, 241. [Die] Lotusblume, 240. Mondnacht, 243f. Mit Myrthen und Rosen (cycle), 239. Myrthen, 239. [Der] Nussbaum, 240. On the Bright Summer Morning, 252f. Poet’s Love (cycle), 238, 248ff. Romances and Ballades, 248. [The] Rose, the Lily, the Dove, the Sun, 251. Schöne Wiege meiner Leiden, 239. Seit ich ihn gesehen, 245. Somebody, 240f. Stille Liebe, 242. Stille Thränen, 242. Stirb, Lieb und Freund, 242. Talismane, 240. Waldesgespräch, 243, 306. Wanderlust, 242. Western Divan, 253. When I Into the Garden Go, 253. When I Look Into Thine Eyes, 251. Widmung, 96f, 239. Wilhelm Meister songs, 253. Woman’s Life and Love (cycle), 238, 244ff. Scientific methods of vocal culture, 55-69. Scotch folk-songs, 108f, 111ff; (compared with Irish), 114f. Scotch songs (Edward MacDowell), 320. Scots Wha Hae, 91, 112f. Scott, Cyril, 373f. Scott, [Sir] Walter, 110. Shakespeare, 149, 168. Sharp, Cecil, 107, 109ff. Sibelius, Jean, 370f. Sicilian folk-song, 119. Sight-singing, 34ff. Silcher, Friedrich, 107, 229f, 293. Sinding, Christian, 369. Singing, (as physical exercise), 18; (‘style’ in), 97f; (technique of), see Vocal culture, Tone production. Singspiel, 175f, 190ff. Sjögren, Emil, 369f. Slavic folk-songs, 125ff. ‘Slide of the glottis,’ 61. Sol-fa system, 34. Solo singing, 24; (florid style), 32; (before 17th cent.), 38ff. Somervell, Arthur, 371. Song, value of, vii; (nature and origin of), 70-99; (early development), 130-150. See also Classic song; Folk-song; Romantic song. Song-cycle, 215, 220. Song of Roland, 135. Songs in the folk-manner, 106f, 229f; (Brahms), 278, 281ff, 289; (Henschel), 308ff; (Mahler), 337. Soprano, 14, 62. See also Artificial soprano. Spain (Trobadores), 138. Spanish folk-songs, 119f. Spencer, Herbert (theory of origin of song), 88. Sinuses, 15. Spohr, Ludwig, 183. Stile rappresentativo. See Representative style; also Monody. Stimulants, effect of, on singer’s organism, 19. Strauss, Richard, 338ff. Stravinsky, Igor, 362. ‘Stroke of the glottis,’ 61. Style, in singing, 98f. Sullivan, [Sir] Arthur, 326f. Sumer is icumen in, 150. Sweden (modern), 369f. Swedish folk-songs, 123. [The] Sword Shining Brightly (Irish folk-song), 114.

T

Taneieff, Sergius, 368. Tannhäuser, 142. Taubert, Karl Gottfried Wilhelm, 256. Technique. See also Vocal Culture. Teeth (in singing), 3. Telemann, Georg Philipp, 164. Temples (ancient), vocal culture in, 30ff, 40f. Tenaglia, 156. Tenor voice, 62. Thomas, Ambroise, 315. Thomas, Arthur Goring, 298, 327f, 371. Throat (ailments), 20ff; (relaxation of), 60f. Throaty production, 65. Thyroid cartilage, 6ff. Tobacco, effect of, on singer’s organism, 19. Tonality, vagueness of, in modern music, 348ff. Tone emission, 64ff. Tone production, (vocal), 11ff; (effect of incorrect methods), 20; (as taught in early music schools), 37f; (old Italian method), 53f; (modern methods), 59ff. Tongue (in singing), 3, 15. Tosi, Pietro Francesco, 46, 49. Tosti, Francesco Paolo, 323. Trachea, 3, 6. Traum durch die Dämmerung (Strauss), 340, (Reger), 341. Tre giorni (Pergolesi), 161. Tremolo (vocal), 65f. Trobadores (rise of), 138. Troubadours, 25, 42, 135; (rise of), 137ff; (nature and value of their songs), 143f. Trouvères, (rise of), 138f; (influence in Germany), 141. See also Troubadours. Trovatori (rise of), 138. Tschaikowsky, Peter Ilyitch, 298, 323ff, 364. [The] Two Grenadiers (Schumann), 242; (settings of Wagner and Schumann), 290f.

U

United States, folk-music of, 129. Unprepared dissonance, 159, 162.

V

Vacaresco, Helen, 81. Vaudeville (French song form), 166. Venice, folk-songs of, 118f. Vidal, Paul, 357f. Villanette, 153. Villette, 153. [The] Violet (Mozart), 178. Vocal cords, 2, 9ff, 60f. Vocal culture (old Italian method), 24-54; (modern scientific methods of), 55-69. Vocal hygiene, 1-23. Vocal methods, standardization of, 59. Vocal organs, structure and hygiene of, 1-23; (scientific investigation of), 55ff. Vowel sounds (how formed), 16. Vowels, use of, in exercises, 64f. Voice placing, 59ff. Volkmann, Robert, 256. Volkstümliches Lied, 163, 176; (Silcher), 229f; (Henschel), 308ff; (Mahler), 337. See also Songs in the folk-manner.

W

Wagner, Richard, 142, 172, 285, 290ff, 348; (and Peter Cornelius), 303; (and Hugo Wolf), 332f. Waldesgespräch (settings by Schumann and Jensen), 306. Wallace, William Vincent, 267. Walther von der Vogelweide, 44, 142. Weber, Carl Maria von, 107, 227f. Webern, Anton von, 345. Weckerlin, Jean Baptiste, 107. When in Death (Irish folk-song), 114. [The] White Duck (French-Canadian folk-song), 376. Whole-tone scale, 348ff, 364. Widmung (Schumann), 96f, 239; (Franz), 270, 272. William de Longchamps, Bishop of Ely, 134. William of Nassau (Dutch folk-song), 108. Will Ye Gang Over the Lea? (Scotch folk-song), 113. Windpipe, 6. Wolf, Hugo, 331ff. Wolfram von Eschenbach, 142. Wyman, Loraine, 111.

Z

Zelter, Karl Friedrich, 191, 193, 195. Zumsteeg, Johann Rudolph, 192f, 197.