INDEX.

Ababdeh tribe, 124-5, 213, 351, 353, 360, 399, 440-2.

Abba Island, 6-7, 98.

Abbas, steamer, 127-8.

Abdel Baki, emir, 315-9.

Abdel Gayum, eunuch, 294.

Abdel Hadi (Arab), 263.

Abdel Halim, Emir, 76, 78, 86, 88, 102, 260.

Abdel Kader Pasha, 50, 164.

Abdel Kader (Mahdi's uncle), 59, 155, 164, 214, 350, 400.

Abdel Kader Guru, death of, 262.

Abdel Karim (Mahdi's uncle), 160, 164-5.

Abdel Majid, 256, 326, 343.

Abdel Maula, 228.

Abdel Nur, 320-322.

Abdel Samad, 93.

Abderrahman Wad Abu Degel, 253.

Abderrahman Wad en Nejumi, 16, 60, 96, 98, 125-6, 130, 141, 145, 149, 165, 171, 206, 233, 255-61, 350, 387, 412; vanquished at Argin, 262-5; death of, 263.

Abdullah et Taishi, Khalifa, 10-1, 14, 43-6, 64, 66, 69-71, 87, 96, 120, 131, 146, 149, 151; and King Adam, 95; and the sisters, 100; and Father Ohrwalder, 116-7; succeeds the Mahdi, 162-3, 185, 188; and revolt of black soldiers of old Sudan 193-200; at Omdurman, 202-3, 206; and Wad Suleiman, 206-7; Ibrahim Wad Adlan, 207-8, 323-7; and coinage at Omdurman, 210-3; system of justice, 214-5, 328-335; and Fiki Medawi, 218; and Yunis emir, 219-20; and King John, 221; and Abu Anga, 224; grand review at Omdurman, 225-6; war with Abyssinia, 228-31, 242-52; and Saleh Bey, 232-4; and Darfur, 235-41; and Egypt, 254-6, 258-69; letters from, 257; sends expedition up the White Nile, 269-72; and the Mahdi's decrees, 273; followers of, 274; and the Mahdi's tomb, 275-9; palace and houses of, 280-1; and war requisites, 281, 366-75; and the famine in Omdurman, 287-92; description of, 293; dress and food of, 293-4; harem of, 294; illnesses of, 294-5; character, 295-6; spies of, 295; and political conversations, 296, 320; mosque at Omdurman, 297-8; and visions, 298-9; a man of great activity, 300; fondness for music, 301; his barber, 301; 301-2; and business affairs of the State, 302; displays of magnificence, 302-4; cleanliness of, 304; grand reviews at Omdurman, 307-8; and the Taisha Arabs, 308-11; and firearms, 311-2; his brother, see "Yakub"; and the Batahin tribe, 315-20; and Abdel Nur, 321-2; and the Saier at Omdurman, 347-52; and Charles Neufeld, 355-60; and Sheikh Khalil, 361-4; and the slave trade, 384-5; and the Baggaras, 387-405; his son Osman, 390-1; strict surveillance over the whites, 412-3; horrors of his rule, 447-50.

Abdullah Wad en Nur, 60, 98, 100, 115, 125, 143.

Abdullah Wad Ibrahim, 38, 223, 225, 227, 229; and Abyssinia, 247, 252-3.

Abu Anga (commander-in-chief of Mahdi's forces), 60, 85-9, 98, 111-2, 125, 131, 164, 171, 175, 202, 402; description and history of, 221-31; and Abyssinia, 242-4; death of, 245-6; and slave trade, 384.

Abu Gemaizeh, religious reformer, 237-40.

Abu Girgeh, emir, 76, 81, 94, 125, 167-8, 218, 267, 360.

Abu Habl, the Khor, 3, 78-9.

Abu Hamed, 364, 433; rebels at, 120, 128.

Abu Haraz, 219, 229.

Abu Klea, battle of, 134, 147-8, 177.

Abu Kru, battle of, 16, 134.

Abu Kuka, 56.

Abu Saud, 7.

Abyssinia, and Kassala garrisons, 166-7; and Galabat, 217-20; Abu Anga and, 229-31, 241-4; defeat of King John's army, 245-53.

Adam, King, of Tagalla, 95, 102, 223.

Adansonia trees, 34, 40, 76, 88, 170, 198.

Adila, girl at the Khartum Mission, 421, 424, 426.

Adultery, the Mahdi's punishment for, 62.

Agriculture in the Mahdiist kingdom, 376-85.

Ahmed Bey Daffallah, 10, 21, 35, 38, 59, 252.

Ahmed Bey Defterdar, 234.

Ahmed Hassan and escape of Father Ohrwalder, 415-45.

Ahmed Sharfi, 7, 140, 403-7.

Ahmed Wad Suleiman, 63, 82-4, 96-7, 111, 139, 143-5, 161, 206-7, 350.

Aigella, 77, 174.

Aisha, the Mahdi's principal wife, 157, 159.

Ala ed Din Pasha, 1, 77, 88.

Alchemy, Sudanese and, 369.

Alcoholic drinks, the Sudanese and, 17; see also Marissa.

Ali Bakhit, 172, 174, 199.

Ali Bey Haider, Lieut-Col., 443.

Ali Esh Sherif, Khalifa, 14-5, 37, 41, 59, 66, 69, 88, 93, 100, 146, 163; at Omdurman, 202-3, 254, 306, 349, 399-407, 446.

Ali Pasha, 127.

Ali Wad Helu, Khalifa, 14, 146, 163, 282, 306, 403-7.

Allegiance, sheikhs' oath of, 70.

Aluba, Hicks at, 85.

Amarar Arabs, 266-7.

Andreis, Sister A., 48.

Amhara, the chief of, 217.

Amina (a black girl), 73.

Ammunition, the Khalifa's, 366-75.

Amulets, the fikis and, 274-5, 402.

Ansar, the, 306-8, 353.

Arabi, Baggara called, 265.

Arabi Pasha, 77.

Arabs; in Omdurman, 283; see "Baggaras," "Bederieh," "Beni Jerrar," "Dar Hamed," "Ghodiat," "Gowameh," "Hawazma," "Kababish," &c.

Argin, battle of, 115, 262.

Aser, American Consul, 141.

Ashaf Station, 11.

Ashraf, the, 149, 214.

Assiut, 443.

Assuan, 174, 256.

Atbara River, 249.

Aulad-belad, the, 391-2, 405-6, 449.

Austrian Mission, at Delen, 4-5, 24-30; church at Khartum, 137-8; at El Obeid, 200; see also "Sisters."

Awad el Kerim Abu Sin, 350.

Baggara, tribe, 3, 14-5, 20, 25-6, 32, 49, 78, 106, 162-3, 178, 221, 255, 258, 266, 287, 293, 314, 325, 341; horsemanship of, 308; emirs, 312; women, 381; masters of the Sudan, 387-407, 449; see also "Taisha Arabs."

Bahr el Arab, 3.

Bahr el Ghazal, slave trade in, 8-9, 12, 176, 383; revolt in, 241.

Bahr el Karrar, 257-8.

Baker Pasha, General Valentine, defeat of, 119; at El Teb, 266.

Banners of the Mahdi's Khalifas, see "Flags."

Bara town, 11, 55, 77, 200-2, 235; fall of, 56.

Barabra tribe, 125, 255, 391, 399; language of, 283.

Bashra, the Mahdi's son, 159.

Batahin tribe, 205, 260, 315-20.

Bayuda Desert, 16.

Bederieh Arabs, the, 3, 11, 20, 106, 167.

Beit el mal at Omdurman, 208-14, 312, 323, 380, 393-5.

Ben en Naga Bey, 21, 88-9; son of, 333; daughter of, 343.

Benga village, 430.

Beni Helba tribe, 240.

Beni Jerrar Arabs, 35, 238.

Berber, 1, 14; fall of, 121, 124-5; Gordon at, 123, 208, 256, 312, 380, 396, 430, 439; Osman Digna at, 266, 268; old, 275; famine in, 290.

Berghof, a German, 9.

Birket, 3, 11, 20-1, 28, 34, 86, 91.

Bishir, 197, 224, 227.

Bishir Bey, 259.

Blue Nile, 126, 133-4, 150, 204, 227, 379; towns on the, 284.

Bonomi, Father, 1, 5, 27, 31-2, 43, 50, 56, 68-71, 73, 97, 100, 118, 170, 172-3; escape of, 178-84, 186, 352.

Books, the Mahdi and, 63; Khalifa Abdullah and, 299, 400-1.

Borgo, Sultan of, 12, 237.

Brick-making at Delen, 5.

Bringi, executioner at Omdurman, 318, 325, 356.

British East Africa, Imperial, Co., 271.

'Bruce's Travels' and the Batahin tribe, 315.

Buri village, 125, 132.

Busata village, 174.

Cairo, 1, 254; merchants of, and El Obeid, 35; Ohrwalder's arrival at, 443.

Camels, in Kordofan, 35-6, 379; of the Gehena tribe, 226, 228; of the Kababish tribe, 232, 234; for Ohrwalder's escape, 422, 427, 442.

Cattle in Dar Nuba, 4; in Kordofan, 35; of the Arabs, 126; of the Gehena tribe, 226; breeding in the Sudan, 376-9; cows of the Shilluks, 379.

Cemetery, European, at Khartum, 150.

Chad Lake, 241.

Chincarini, Sister C., 413-45.

Clementino, George, 126, 142.

Clothing in the Mahdi's kingdom, 381.

Coins in Omdurman, 210-13.

Comboni, Bishop, 1, 2, 24; grave of, at Khartum, 150.

Combotti, Marietta, 118.

Comet, a wonderful, 44.

Commerce in the Mahdiist kingdom, 376-85.

Corsi, Sister Concetta, 57, 419.

Cripples in Omdurman, 337.

Curios, museum of, at Omdurman, 213.

Cuzzi, Joseph, 120, 125-6.

Dabarosa bazaar, the, 258.

Dabra Sin, battle of, 229.

Dair, Jebel, 3.

Damur, pieces of cloth, 381-2; used as coins, 210.

Danagla, see "Dongola."

Dara, 93.

Dar Fertit, singers from, 301.

Darfur, 12, 35; Slatin Bey, Governor of, 2; the Mahdi conquers, 93-4, 98; historical sketch of, 234-41; Zogal and, 201-3; revolt in, 260, 387; horses in, 308; women and spinning, 381; slaves from, 384.

Dar Homr (Arabs), 11, 20, 35, 106, 301, 309, 396.

Dar Nauli tribe of Arabs, 106.

Dar Nuba, see "Nuba."

Dar Shaggieh, 380.

Dead, the Mahdi's law about the, 19.

Debaineh tribe, 290.

Degheim tribe, 14.

Delen, arrival at, 3; Mission at, 4, 5; news of the Mahdi at, 7, 8; description of, 23-31; quicksilver at, 35, 178, 187, 197.

Dervishes, the Mahdi's, 45; at El Obeid, 57-9; and Hicks Pasha's army, 88; in Khartum, 140; and Olivier Pain, 173; revolt against, 189-200; at Galabat, 217-9; review of, at Omdurman, 225-6; and tobacco chewing, 276; and the famine in Omdurman, 289; at Fashoda, 384.

Dhurra in Omdurman, 285, 378, 381.

Dichtl, Johann, 1.

Dinka tribe, 176.

Disease in the Sudan, 386.

Dispensary at Omdurman, 213.

Dobab mountain, 3, 102.

Dogman mountain, 24, 28.

Dogs, Mahdi's doctrine about, 143, 335.

Doka, Sheikh Egeil and, 219.

Dome to Mahdi's tomb at Omdurman, 275, 277.

Dongola, 12, 14, 35, 94, 127, 163, 172, 178, 190, 255, 256, 257-65, 268, 312, 380, 384, 387, 391, 396, 399, 449; famine in, 290; language, 283.

Doorway of the Mahdi's tomb, 277.

Dreams, the Mahdi and, 110-1, 353, 449.

Drums of the Mahdi's Khalifas, 15, 44, 47, 281, 304-6.

Dud Benga, Sultan, 184.

Duem, 126; General Hicks at, 76.

Dwarf, a, at Rahad, 110.

Ed Din, Sheikh, see "Osman, Khalifa."

Egeil, sheikh, 218-9, 221.

Egypt, and Delen, 4; and the Sudan, 34; Abdullah and, 254-6, 257-69; and the Sudan, 123, 323; Wad Adlan and, 326; the Mahdi and, 110.

Egyptian troops, Hicks Pasha's, 77-90, 92-3.

El Eilafun, 127.

El Fasher, steamer, 128.

El Merhdi Abu Rof, 164, 226-7.

El Obeid, 2, 6; garrison of, 10, 21; the Mahdi and, 11, 20, 29, 36-41; description of, 34-6; siege of, 52-7, 232; Zogal at, 75; the Mahdi leaves, 85, 99-100; triumphal return to, 91-3, 170-2; King Adam at, 95; Lupton Bey at, 176; small-pox in, 183; revolt of black soldiers at, 189-200, 223; slaves at, 383-4.

El Obeid, Sheikh, 124, 127, 130, 315.

El Teb, battle of, 266.

Elephants, 3; in Darfur, 241.

Elias el Kurdi, 210.

Elias Pasha, 10, 12, 21, 35, 40, 76, 88, 93; son of, 86.

Elias Wad Kanuna, emir, 271.

11; Gordon and, 133; and Lupton Bey, 176; Khalifa Abdullah and, 269-72.

Emirs, the, of the Sudan provinces, 46, 312.

England and Egypt, 262; and the Sudan, 450.

English mail, capture of an, 120.

English Relief Expedition to Khartum, 147-9, 176-8; and Kababish tribe, 232; at Dongola, June 1885, 256.

Equatoria, Abdullah's expedition to, 269-72.

Exports from Kordofan, 35.

Fadl Maula Bey, 163, 271, 401.

Fallata tribe, 278, 283.

Famines; in El Obeid, 183-4; in the Sudan, 252-3; in Dongola, 261; in Omdurman, 284-9; in Berber, 290; in the Provinces, 290-1.

Farag Pasha, 135, 143.

Faragallah Pasha, 131-2, 247.

Farquhar, Colonel Arthur, 79, 80.

Fasher, El, 94; besieged, 239-41.

Fashoda, 9, 11, 29, 269, 272, 379, 384, 396; corn from, 285.

Fedasi, 125.

Festivals, Khalifa Abdullah and, 362.

Fiki, Abdullah and the name, 274, 402.

Flags of the Khalifas, 15, 16, 281, 306.

Furs, annihilation of the, 236.

Galabat, province and town, 167, 217-9, 230, 242, 244; attack on, 247-8, 396; famine at, 290.

Gallows at Omdurman, 283, 317-8.

Gedaref, garrison of, 216-7, 290.

Gedir, Jebel, 3, 7, 10, 20, 223.

Gehena tribe, 226-7, 260-1.

Gellabas (traders), 14-5, 112, 189, 426, 428.

Georges Bey, Dr., 86; son-in-law of, 141.

Gessi Pasha, 2; and the slave trade, 8-9, 241, 383.

Gezireh, the Mahdi and, 14, 64, 93-4229, 284, 315, 380, 390.

Ghazali, Sheikh, 310-1, 350.

Ghittas, festival known as, 218.

Ghodiat Arabs, the, 3, 11, 20, 106.

Gianzara Hill, 40, 46.

Giegler Pasha, 2, 7.

Giniss, battle of, 256.

Girls in Khartum, Mahdi and, 144.

Goats in Dar Nuba, 4; in the Sudan provinces, 379.

Gold in Dar Nuba, 3.

Golfan-Naïma, 22-3, 49, 197, 223-4.

Gondar, 230-1, 248-9.

Gordon, General, 57, 96; arrives at Khartum, 97, 121-2; letter to the Mahdi, 98; the Mahdi and, 111, 119, 126, 130; English letters to, 120; at Berber, 123-4; defeat of Gordon's troops, 124-5; successful attack by, 127; besieged, and death of, at Khartum, 131-54, 177, 207-8; 361; at Murat, 440.

Gordon Relief Expedition, 147-9, 176-8; viâ Berber, 266.

Gowameh tribe, 11, 344.

Graham, General, 120-1, 266.

Greeks, the, at Khartum, 133, 142-3.

Greger Hamed (Emir), 233.

Grenfell, General Sir F., 256, 262, 444; battle at Toski, 263, 265.

Gubat, 148, 154, 429.

Guineas coined at Omdurman, 210.

Gum, in Kordofan, 35; used as food at El Obeid, 53; at Omdurman, 323.

Habbanieh tribe of Arabs, 73, 258.

Hadarba merchants, 399.

Hadendoa Arabs, 266, 283.

Haimar Wells, 257.

Haj Ali Wad Saad, 123-4.

Hajji Abdullah Granteli, 210.

Hajji Khaled (Emir), 21, 35, 46, 71; son of, 86.

Hajji Mohammed Ben en Naga, 35.

Hajji Selim (soldier), 49, 190-1.

Hajji Zubeir, 240, 349-50, 396-7.

Halfaya, 127.

Hamran Arabs, 218.

Handub, battle of, 267.

Hansal (Austrian consul), 1, 67-9, 73, 118-9; death of, 139-40.

Hashish, use of, 17.

Hasib, emir, 271.

Hassan Khalifa, 257, 364-5.

Hassan en Nejumi (emir), 264.

Hassan Husni (interpreter), 128, 130.

Hassan Sadik, 164.

Hassan Zeki, 366.

Hebbeh village, 128.

Heddai, sheikh, 129.

Herlth, Major, extracts from diary of, 77-9, 86.

Hicks Pasha, General, 1; and Wad Makashef, 73; expedition of, 75; at Duem, 76; at Rahad, 77-85; defeat and death of, 86-92, 121, 169, 176; white horse of, 91; Bible of, 100; stable, 157.

Hilmi Gorab, 128.

Horses, the Sudanese and, 308.

Housebreakers in Omdurman, 334-5.

Howazma Arabs, 20, 106, 222.

Hussein Pasha, 120, 123, 125, 439; son of, 442.

Hussein Wad ed Dayim, 339-40.

Hyenas, 88, 289-90.

Ibrahim Nur, 394-5.

Ibrahim Pasha Fauzi, 143.

Ibrahim Ramadan, 203.

Ibrahim Wad Adlan, 35, 207-10, 214, 322-4, 350, 368; death of, 325-7.

Ibrahim Wad Abu Tagalla, 225.

Ibrahim Wad el Ahmer, 445-6.

Idris (sheikh), 101, 111, 114-7, 260, 350; death of, 262.

Imbrien, Bishop, of the Tyrol, 118.

Immorality, Mahdi's law regarding, 62; in the Sudan, 341-3; of slaves, 385-6.

Imports of the Mahdi's kingdom, 380.

Insects, at Delen, 4, 5; Neufeld and, 357; white ants as food, 53; lizards, 150; flies, 114.

Iron in Kordofan, 35.

Isa, 28.

Isa, fiki, of the Shanabla, 194.

Ismail el Kheir, 400.

Ismail Wad el Andok, 22, 49, 59, 227, 229, 247.

Ismail Pasha, 234-5.

Italy and Kassala, 168.

Ivory, expedition to Equatoria to collect, 271; at Omdurman, 323.

Jaalin tribe, 123, 125, 255, 368, 384, 391, 399, 449.

Jabrallah, Sultan, 236, 350.

Jebel Dair, the Mahdi and, 111-2, 114, 199.

Jebel Naïma, 197.

Jerusalem, the Mahdi and, 110.

Jew merchants at Omdurman, 312; at Kassala, 360.

Jibbehs, the Mahdi and the manufacture of, 19.

Jinns, the, 307.

John, King of Abyssinia, throne of, 213; and Galabat, 217, 247-9; Abdullah and, 221, 242; and Abu Anga, 243; death of, 250-2.

Justice, system of, at Omdurman, 214-5, 329-34.

Kaba, 34, 36-7, 39.

Kababish tribe (Arabs), 35, 55, 64, 78, 178; destruction of the, 232-4.

Kadi Ahmed, 214-5, 246-7, 329, 350.

Kakum of Delen, 4, 24, 26-8, 31-2, 178; death of, 186-7.

Kalabsheh, village of, 257.

Kalakala, 130-2.

Kamal ed Din, and manufacture of powder, 367-8.

Karamallah (slave-dealer), 176, 269, 406; in Darfur, 235-6.

Karkoj, 226, 290, 380.

Kashgeil, Hicks at, 85, 87.

Kashm el Mus, Pasha, 148.

Kassala, 154, 162, 164-5, 168, 387, 396; siege of, 166-7; Osman Digna at, 266; famine at, 290.

Kavalli, Stanley's camp at, 271.

Kawakla, natives called, 7.

Kebkebieh, 94.

Kedaro hill, 3.

Kenana tribe, 14.

Kererri, 12, 307, 311, 361, 412.

Khabir, Pasha, of Darfur, 36.

Khalifas in the Sudan, see "Abdullah," "Ali Wad Helu," "Ali Esh Sherif," Hassan, "Osman," &c.

Khalil, sheikh, 360-4.

Khartum, 1, 6, 7, 72, 93-4, 96-7, 106; the Mahdi's advance on, 99, 121, 126-7, 130; Gordon arrives at, 121-3; siege and fall of, 131-54, 177, 348; in ruins, 204, 216; materials for Mahdi's tomb from, 276; the Batahin tribe and, 315, 320; Neufeld at, 357, 359; survivors of, 372.

Khatafin (snatchers) in Omdurman, 286-8.

Khojali, 130, 219, 317.

Khojur, the, in Dar Nuba, 4, 24, 26, 28.

Khor Musa, fort at, 259.

Kirkesawi (slave-dealer), 176, 236, 406.

Kitchener Pasha, 359; wounded at Handub, 267.

Klein, tailor, of Khartum, 140-1.

Klootz, Gustav, 80-5, 88, 91, 93, 96, 109, 120, 174-5, 206, 348, 411; death of, 219.

Korbatsh, Mount, 34, 179, 200.

Kordofan, 199, 234, 380, 398; deserts of, 2-3; military stations in, 11-2; the Mahdi and, 20, 28; mountains, 34; exports from, 35-6; camels in, 35-6, 72; agriculture in, 378-9.

Korosko, 257, 442-3.

Korsi, 68.

Kudru hill, 32.

Kumbo, King, 98-9, 117-8.

Kuran, the, concerning ministers of Christianity, 104-6; first chapter in, 296.

Kurun hill, 3.

Lado Station, 272, 384.

Languages in the Sudan provinces, 283.

Laws made by the Mahdi, 17-20, 61-3.

Lead, manufacture of, at Omdurman, 368-70.

Legnani (Italian consul), 1.

Leontides, Consul N., 126, 134, 140.

Lime, near Delen, 5; pits in Omdurman, 205, 276.

Limona, Bianca, 57.

Locatelli (missionary), 54, 56-7.

Locusts, plague of, in the Sudan, 291.

Losi, Father Johann, 54, 58.

Lugard, Captain, 271.

Lupton Bey, 153, 175-7, 191, 202, 348, 412-3; death of, 366.

Madibbo, sheikh, 235; son of, 396.

Mahbas, wells of, 233.

Mahdi, the, see "Mohammed Ahmed."

Mahdiism, belief in, 185; and Egypt, 265; in the Sudan, 255, 273, 326, 328, 403, 449; and the slave trade, 382-6.

Mahdiist kingdom, agriculture and commerce in, 376-86.

Mahmud Wad Ahmed, 240-1, 247-9.

Mail, capture of an English, 120.

Makada tribe, 241.

Makani village, 428.

Makbul dollar, the, in Omdurman, 210-4.

Makias (chains), 345-6.

Makin Wad en Nur, 260, 350.

Manoli, a Greek, 142.

Mansureh, steamer, 127.

Marcopoli Bey, 2, 73.

Mariani, Gabriel, 5, 41, 48.

Marissa (a kind of beer), 4; the Mahdi and drinking of, 61, 330, 340.

Market at Omdurman, 282, 339.

Marquet, 2.

Marriage ceremonies in the Sudan, 17-8, 341-3, 389-90.

Masalit, Sultan of, 213; people, 237.

Mecca, pilgrimage to, 278-9, 448; the Mahdi and, 110; a Sherif of, 412.

Medawi, fiki, 124, 218, 221.

Mek Omar, 28-32, 49-50, 178; son of, see "Naser."

Melbeis, 95, 196.

Meshra Dehesh, 434, 437.

Messalamieh gate at Khartum, 150.

Metemmeh, 123, 268, 429.

Miracles, the Mahdi and, 7-8; performed by Sid el Hassan, 166.

Miserieh tribe of Arabs, 106, 222.

Mice, plague of, at Omdurman, 291-2.

Minneh, fiki, 11, 20, 37, 39-40, 46, 56, 59-60.

Mint, the, at Omdurman, 209-13.

Missionaries, at El Obeid, 40-51; see also "Bonomi," "Losi," "Ohrwalder," "Rossignoli."

Mission Stations; see "Austrian Mission."

Mohammed Ahmed, sheikh, 396.

Mohammed Ahmed (the Mahdi), rise of, 7-9; and Kordofan, 10-12; antecedents of, 12; outward appearance of, 13; Khalifas of, 14-5; military organization of, 15-6; new laws made by, 17-20, 60-3, 273; summons El Obeid to surrender, 20-1; defeat of, before El Obeid, 34, 36-41; and the missionaries, 42-51; siege of El Obeid, 53-9; finances, 62-3; art of winning over people, 66-7; and Consul Hansal's letter, 68-71, 73; victory over Hicks Pasha, 75-90; triumphal entry into El Obeid, 91-2; and province of Darfur, 93-4; General Gordon and, 98, 130; and the sisters, 103-6; and Father Ohrwalder, on religion, 109-11; and Slatin Bey, 118; and violation of moral laws, 121; religious movement of, 122-3; and Cuzzi, 125-6; siege of Khartum, 126, 131-54; his life of ease and luxury, 60-4, 155-9, 449; principal wife of, 157; dwelling of, 157; harem, 158; death of, 160-62, 185; and Olivier Pain, 174-5; and Egypt, 254-6; tomb of, 275-80; and immorality, 341, 343; and property, 398; wives of, 404, 406; capital of the Mahdi's kingdom, see "Omdurman."

Mohammed Ali, 234, 315, 439, 447.

Mohammed el Kheir, 125, 130, 256.

Mohammed Pasha Khabir, 21.

Mohammed Suleiman, 186.

Monasir tribe, 128, 438.

Monogamy in Dar Nuba, 4.

Moral laws, the Mahdi and violation of, 121.

Moslem law, 322; the killing of priests, 46; and justice, 61-2; Sudanese and, 279.

Mosque at Omdurman, 279, 297.

Mukran Fort, 126, 147.

Munzinger Pasha, 189, 191.

Murat, Saleh Bey and, 265; wells of, 364; Ohrwalder at, 440, 442.

Murders in the Sudan provinces, 333.

Musa, sheikh, 396.

Musallem, Sultan, 234.

Museum of curios at Omdurman, 213.

Mussaid, Emir, 258.

Mustafa Hadal, 166.

Mustafa Yawer, 64-6, 358, 363.

Nahut, in Kordofan, 240-1.

Naïma Jebel, 3, 223.

Naser (son of Mek Omar), 32-3, 40-1.

Nasri, sheikh, 167-8.

Nejumi, see "Abderrahman Wad en Nejumi."

11.

Neufeld, Charles, 233, 263, 345, 348, 353-60, 363.

News, the Sudanese and, 72-3; in Omdurman, 282.

Niam Niam, singers from, 301.

Nile, see "White Nile," "Blue Nile."

Noaïa, sheikh, 222-3.

Nuba, country and people of, 3-5, 22-32, 35, 48-9, 50, 95, 102, 112-4, 117-8, 121, 171-2, 177, 186, 197-200, 223, 384.

Nubian desert, crossing the, 433-42.

Nur Angar, 16, 56, 112, 225, 247.

Nur Bey, 164-5.

Nur Gereifawi, 327, 379, 404; son of, 394.

Nuri, sheikh, 247.

Oath of allegiance, sheikhs taking the, 70; evidence on, at Omdurman, 329.

Obeid, see "El Obeid."

O'Donovan, Mr. (Daily News correspondent), 80, 96, 101.

Ohrwalder, Father, visit to Mek Omar, 50; illtreated by a sheikh, 69-70; taken before Abdullah, 100; journey to Rahad, 101-3; interview with the Mahdi on religion, 109-11; treatment of, by various masters, 114-7; in Khartum, 149-50; farewell to Father Bonomi, 178-84; down with fever, 190; sent to Omdurman, 199; and famine in Omdurman, 288; made a prisoner, 351-2; departure from Omdurman, 407; plans of escape, 408-23; and Lupton, 412-3; escape of, to Cairo, 424-46; present situation in the Sudan, 447-450.

Omala (tax-gatherers) in the Sudan, 313.

Omar Kisha (merchant), 267, 397.

Omar Saleh, 269-71.

Omar Wad Elias, Pasha, 247.

Omberer, a merchant, 35.

Omdurman, the Dervish capital, 146, 151, 275, 281, 304, 328, 380; the Mahdi at, 35, 126, 127; surrender of fort at, 131, 142, 177, 222; small-pox in, 154-5; and the Mahdi's death, 162-3; events in, 202-3; hill of, 204; scarcity of small coins in, 210-3; museum at, 213; the beit el mal at, 208-9; Abyssinians in, 220-1; Abu Anga and, 224, 230-1; grand review at, 225-6; panic in, 248; Osman Digna at, 267-8; Mahdi's tomb at, 275-9; Khalifa's palace, 280; roads in, 280-1; market-place, 282; gallows at, 283, 317-8; inhabitants of, 283; population, 283-4; famine in, 284-9; plagues of locusts and mice in, 291-2; thieves in, 328-9, 334-5, 340; system of justice at, 329-33; cripples in, 337; immorality in, 341; marriages in, 341-3; Saier, or prison at, 344-65; Neufeld in, 355-60; scarcity of powder at, 367-75; 376-7; slaves in, 383-6; the Greeks in, 412; dress of women in, 413; Ohrwalder's last day at, 424; flight from, 445, 449.

Om Herezeh mountain, 34, 46.

Om Sadik, 224.

Omshanga, 94.

Onbeïa (wind instrument), 15, 44, 306.

Ongat wells, 259.

Ornaments, the Mahdi and Sudanese, 18.

Ornithology: Birds in Dar Nuba, 3-4; kites at El Obeid, 53; vultures, 77, 88, 290.

Oshra Well, 40, 47.

Osman, Khalifa, 308, 353-4, 389.

Osman Azrak, 260.

Osman Digna, 11, 64, 166-7; defeat of, 266-8.

Osman Wad Adam, 199, 234, 236; and Abu Gemaizeh, 238-41; death of, 240.

Osman Wad Dekeim, 167.

Ostrich farms in Kordofan, 35.

Pain, Olivier, at El Obeid, 172-75.

Palace, the Khalifa's, at Omdurman, 280.

Passioni, Jew named, 360.

Pesavento, Sister E., 48.

Pilgrims at Omdurman, 206.

Pimezzoni, Franz, 1.

Plagues in the Sudan: of locusts, 291; of mice, 291-2.

Plough, a, in the Sudan, 378.

Poetry, the Arabs and, 67.

Polinari, Domenico, 138-40, 349-50.

Postal service in the Mahdi's kingdom, 300-1.

Powder, scarcity of, at Omdurman, 359, 367-75.

Power, Consul, 99, 129-30.

Prayers, the Mahdi and, 19; book of, 213; form of, 296.

Printing press at Omdurman, 213.

Prison at Omdurman, 344-65.

Proclamation by the Mahdi, 76.

Quicksilver found at Delen, 35.

Rabeh Zubeir, 240, 241.

Rahad, General Hicks at, 77-85; the road to, 101-3; the Mahdi at, 106-21, 125-6, 169.

Rahma, fiki, 11.

Rain in Dar Nuba, 3; in the Sudan, 376.

Ramadan, fast of, 64, 158.

Ras Adal, 247; and Galabat, 217-20.

Ras Alula, 167, 247.

Rashid Bey, 9.

Ratibs (Mahdi's book of prayers), 213.

Rauf Pasha, 1-2, 6-7.

Regaf Station, 269, 271-2, 340, 384, 396.

Religion, interview with the Mahdi on, 109-11.

Reptiles, 150; snakes, 3-4, 433; scorpions, 114, 347.

Review of Dervishes at Omdurman, 225-6, 307-8.

Rizighat tribe of Arabs, 73, 221, 396-7.

Roads in Omdurman, 280; in the Sudan, 341.

Rognotto, Joseph, 100.

Rossignoli, Father, 54, 57.

Roversi (inspector of slaves), 22-3, 27-30, 48; death of, 49.

Rundle Bey, 439.

Saburi Mountain, 5.

Saddlers at Omdurman, 381.

Safia steamer, 127.

Said Bey Guma, 94, 202-3, 223, 236.

Said Mohammed, 39.

Said Pasha, 7, 10-1, 20-1, 29, 119; defence of El Obeid, 36-40, 49, 56, 58-9, 66.

Said el Mek, 6.

Saier at Omdurman, see "Prison."

Saleh, sheikh, 55.

Saleh Pasha Wad el Mek, 125, 153, 350.

Saleh Bey, 217-8, 221, 352-3, 364, 414.

Saleh Bey Fadlallah, 232-4, 265.

Salem, sheikh, 55.

Salisbury, Lord, letter to King John, 250-1.

Sandalia, perfume called, 157.

Sandstorm, a fearful, 203; in the Sudan, 376-7.

Santoni, A., 443; and Father Bonomi, 178-9, 183.

Sarras, Dervishes at, 257-8, 262.

Sawakin, 1, 121, 166-7; Osman Digna besieges, 266-7.

Sayer, Brother, 443.

Sayid el Mek, 407.

Sayid Hamed, 167-8.

Sayid Osman, see "Osman, Khalifa."

"Sayidna Isa," 244-5.

Schuver, Jean M., 2.

Seckendorf, Baron, death of, 88; servant of, 80.

Selima wells, 233.

Selim Bey in Equatoria, 271.

Sennar, 154, 160, 162, 164-5, 226, 256, 290.

Senussi, sheikh, 4, 14, 173, 237.

Shaggieh troops, 239.

Shaggieh tribe, 143.

Shakka, 35, 59, 235, 384, 391.

Sharé River, 241.

Shatt Station, 11, 35, 77, 126, 175.

Shebba, a (forked wood), 97.

Sheep of the Kababish tribe, 232, 234; in the Sudan provinces, 379.

Shekan forest, battle near, 87, 92, 94, 171.

Shendi, 290.

Sherif, Khalifa, see "Ali Esh Sherif."

Sherif Mahmud, 20, 60, 86, 106, 169-72, 174, 176-8, 183, 186-9, 197; death of, 198-9, 206, 223.

Shilluk tribe, 272, 379.

Shirkeleh, 77, 80, 126.

Shirra, Baggara chief, 187.

Shukrieh tribe, 166, 216, 290, 350.

Sideham, a Copt, 178.

Sid el Hassan, the celebrated Moslem, 165-6.

Sidi Hamdan, see "Abu Anga."

Sieges, see "Bara," "El Fasher," "El Obeid," "Galabat," "Kassala," "Khartum," "Sennar," "Sawakin," "Tokar," &c.

Singiokai, 25, 32, 49, 59.

Sisters of the Austrian Mission, before Abdullah, 100; at Rahad, 103-6; escape of, from Omdurman, 413-5, 418-45; see also "Andreis," "Corsi," "Chincarini," "Pesavento," "Venturini."

Siwar ed Dahab, 21, 264.

Skander Bey, 21.

Skander, fate of Mulatte, 140.

Slatin Bey, 2, 73-5, 93, 118, 153, 174-5, 177, 189, 206, 348; and Darfur, 235; and waterskins, 237.

Slave trade, in Dar Nuba, 4; in the Bahr el Ghazal, 8-9, 12, 22; in the Sudan, 382-6.

Slaves, the Mahdi's law regarding, 62; of Khartum, 143; at Omdurman, 208-9, 333, 339.

Small-pox, in Omdurman, 154-5; in El Obeid, 183-4.

Soap-boiling at Omdurman, 213-4, 303, 413.

Sobei, the Khojur of, 187.

Sogaro, Archbishop Franz, 415-7, 420, 444-5.

Soil, of Dar Nuba, 3; of Bara, 200; in the Gezireh, 378.

Stambuli, George, 42-8, 54, 58, 68-71, 84, 96-7, 269.

Stanley, H. M., and Emin Pasha, 269, 271.

Starvation in the Mahdi's camp, 154.

Stewart, Col., murder of, 128-30, 177, 414, 438.

Sudan, Egypt and the, 34, 123; the Mahdi master of the, 94; English troops in the, 120; custom to drink melted butter, 175; revolt of black soldiers of army of, 189-200; witchcraft in, 44, 274-5; famine in the, 290-2; horsemanship in the, 308; immorality in the, 341-3; cattle breeding in the, 376-9; disease in the, 386; present situation in the, 387-407, 447-50.

Sudanese, the, marriage ceremony of, 17-8; and 154-5; and alchemy, 369.

Suez, 1.

Suk Abu Sin, see "Gedaref."

Suleiman Bey, Gessi and, 9-10.

Suleiman, Capt. M., 22, 27.

Suleiman el Hejazi, 240.

Suleiman Wad Naaman, sheikh, 129-30, 414.

Superstition, in the Sudan, 44, 274-5; the Nubas and, 186; see also "Witchcraft."

Surur Effendi, 56.

Swindlers in Omdurman, 334, 337-9.

Syria, Sherif of, 111.

Tagalla, Jebel, 3, 7, 77, 222-3, 225, 247; see also "Adam, King."

Taha, Sayid Mohammed, 91.

Taher, sheikh, 316-7.

Taisha Arabs, 14, 221, 301; Abdullah and, 308-11, 350, 395-6.

Takruri tribe, 171-2, 217, 244, 248, 283.

Tamai, battle of, 266.

Tamarinds in Kordofan, 35.

Taxation in the Mahdi's kingdom, 379-80.

Tax-gatherers of the Sudan provinces, 313.

Tax levied at Omdurman, 205.

Tayara Station, 11, 35, 60.

Testament, King John's copy of New, 250.

Thieves in Omdurman, 328-9, 334-7, 339-40.

"Three Holy Kings," festival of the, 218.

Tira hill, 3.

Tobacco, the Sudanese and, 17; chewing, 276; punishment of smokers of, 330.

Tobji, Osman, 65-6.

Todros Kasa, son of King Theodore, 242-5.

Tokar, 267-8; capture of, 367, 386, 414.

Tolodi, Jebel, 223.

Tomb of the Mahdi at Omdurman, 275-80.

Tome, sheikh, 55, 64; brother of, 232.

Toski, battle at, 263, 320, 350, 361.

Trades in Omdurman, 381-2.

Treasure in Khartum, 145.

Trees in Dar Nuba, 3.

Tur el Hadra, 2.

Tuti Island, 147, 375.

"Turk," Arabs and the term, 263.

Turkey, Sultan of, letter to, from Khalifa, 257.

Uganda, events in, 271.

Unyoro, events in, 271.

Venturini, Sister E., 413-45.

Victoria, Queen, and King John of Abyssinia, 250-1; letter to, from Abdullah, 257.

Wad Ali, 246, 249.

Wad Arbab, Emir, 217-8.

Wad Bishara, village of, 426.

Wad el Bedri, 10, 319, 395.

Wad el Besir, 94, 124, 258, 306.

Wadelai, 271.

Wad el Areik (merchant), 21, 35, 131, 405.

Wad el Banna, 401.

Wad el Hashmi, Emir, 76, 190, 193-4, 199.

Wad el Makashef, 11, 72, 164.

Wad er Reis, 445; see "Hussein Wad Dayim."

Wad Gubara (Emir), 38-9, 85, 125, 130, 133, 260.

Wad Gesuli, 96.

Wad Guzuli, 345.

Wad Hamdu Allah, 313.

Wadi Gamr cataracts, 128.

Wadi Halfa, 257, 260.

Wad Nubawi (Emir), 233.

Wad Zaid, 350.

War materials at Omdurman, 349, 381.

Waterskins, the Masalit people and, 237.

Water-wheels along the Nile, 378.

White Nile, 3, 6, 12, 93, 126, 133-5, 150, 204; expedition up the, 269-272.

Witchcraft, the Mahdi's success attributed to, 94; the bark of Adansonia tree, 170; in the Sudan, 274-5, 402.

Wodehouse, Colonel, 115, 259, 265; battle at Argin, 262.

Wolseley (Lord), 'Soldier's Pocket-Book,' 101.

Yakub (Khalifa Abdullah's brother), 243, 277, 304, 313-4, 324-6, 361, 366, 368, 371-3, 389-90, 394, 402-7.

Yesin, Major, 59.

Yunis Ed Dekeim, 260, 265.

Yusef Angeli (Greek), 373-4.

Yusef Pertekachi, and manufacture of 371-4.

Yunis, Emir, 206, 219-20, 223, 396, 417; and Abu Anga, 244-5.

Yusef, Sultan of Darfur, 213, 236, 308.

Yusef Kurdi (merchant), 333-4.

Yusef Pasha, 10-1, 42, 90.

Zeki Tummal and Abyssinia, 225, 247, 249, 251-2, 272, 285, 290.

Zeregga, 77.

Zogal (the Mahdi's uncle), 75, 93-4, 164, 184, 223, 235, 265-7, 360, 388, 396, 401, 417; and Darfur, 201-3.

Zogheir (a celebrated thief), 335-7, 353.

Zubeir, feast known as, 4.

Zubeir Pasha, 172, 391; Abu Anga and, 221; and Kingdom of Shakka, 235.

Zurbuchen, Dr., 2.

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

A PLAN OF OMDURMAN Drawn in the Intelligence Department, Egyptian Army from descriptions given by natives and revised by Father Ohrwalder

Scale 1/14400 or 1 to 400 yards

Larger Version of Plan

THE NILE BASIN shewing the course of Hicks Pasha's Expedition and the Flight of Father Ohrwalder

London: Sampson Low & Co.

Larger Version of Map

Sketch Map showing correct Position of I.B.E.A. Co's Forts & Boundary of Uganda

London: Sampson Low & Co. Limited G. Philip & Son, London & Liverpool

NOTE--At the last moment when this book was passed for press, the return to England of Captain Lugard enables me, through his courtesy, to give the names and positions of the forts in Uganda and Unyoro now occupied by the troops in the service of the Imperial British East Africa Company.--F. R. W.

Larger Version of Map