VOCABULARY.

A.

absolut, absolute. ack, ah, oh, alas. adelsmärke (-t, -n), mark of nobility. aderton, eighteen. adertonhundratalet, the eighteen hundreds; the nineteenth century. adjunkt (-en, -er), assistant pastor, curate; assistant teacher, instructor. adl|a (-ade, -at), to confer knighthood; to ennoble; to raise to nobility. aft|on (-onen, -nar), evening. aftonhim|mel (-meln, -len, -lar), evening sky, sunset sky. aftonljus (-et, —), evening light. aftonrodnad (-en, -er), evening glow, sunset glow. aftonskim|mer (-ret), evening glow. aftonsky (-n, -ar), evening sky. aftonstjärn|a (-an, -or), evening star. aftonstund (-en, -er), evening hour. aftonsång (-en, -er), vesper song, evening song. aftonvind (-en, -ar), evening breeze. aga (-n), punishment, chastisement, whipping. agg (-et), grudge, spite, malice. ah, ah, oh. Ahasverus, Ahasuerus, name applied to the Wandering Jew. akademi (-en, -er), academy; university; Svenska akademien, the Swedish Academy. akademisk, academic. aklej|a (-an, -or), columbine. akt, attention, heed, notice; giv akt! Attention! Notice! akt|a (-ade, -at), to consider, esteem; to notice; akta på (påakta), to observe, take notice of, mark. akterhus (et, —), deckhouse. aktning (-en), respect, deference, appreciation. aktör (-en, -er), actor. aldrig, never. Alienus, Alienus, a Latin cognomen for himself, employed by Heidenstam. all, all, the whole, every; dagen är all, the day is done, past. alla, all. allaredan, already. alldeles, just, exactly, precisely; altogether, very. allen, allena, alone, lonely. allestädes, everywhere. Allfader (-n), All-father. allmoge (-n), common people, commonalty. allmän, general, common, usual, customary; public. allmänhet (-en), public. allo, all. allra, of all, very, most; allra helst som, especially as; allra minst, least of all. allt, all, altogether, ever, constantly; allt för, too, all too; allt efter som, as, according as; allt oftare, oftener than before, the more often; allt hittills, until now, up to the present. alltför, too, all too. alltid, always, ever. alltigenom, throughout. alltjämt, constantly, always, ever. alltmer, alltmera, gradually, more and more, the more. alltnog, sufficiently, amply. alltren, already; usually allaredan. alltsedan, ever since, from the time (that). allvar (-et), earnestness, seriousness, soberness, intensity. allvarsam, serious, somber, solemn. allvarsfylld, serious, sober, heavy. alm (-en, -ar), elm. alpkurort (-en, -er), Alpine health resort. altar|e, altar (-et, -en or —), altar. Amerika, America. an, on, forward, onward. anande, anticipating. anblick (-en), aspect, sight, prospect, view. and (anden, änder), duck, wild duck. and|a (-an, -ar), spirit; breath. and|as (-ades, -ats), to breathe, inhale, respire, exhale. and|e (-en, -ar), spirit, mind, intellect; ghost, apparition; Anden or den Helige Ande, the Holy Spirit. andedräkt (-en), breath. andelig, andlig, spiritual. andeliv (-et), spiritual life. Anders, Andrew. anderöst (-en, -er), voice of a (the) spirit; spec., the voice of the Holy Spirit. andevärld (-en, -ar), spirit world, spiritual world. andlig, spiritual, mental; theological, religious, divine. andra, other, different, others. Andreas, Andrew. anförvant (-en, -er), kin, kindred. Angelika, Angelica. angrepp (-et, —), attack. an|gripa (-grep, -gripit), to attack. anhängare (-n, —), follower, devotee; member. aning (-en, -ar), anticipation, premonition; fancy. anklag|a (-ade, -at), to accuse, charge, implead; to complain of. anlag (-et, —), aptitude, aptness, ability; prerequisites. anledning (-en, -ar), reason, occasion, cause. anlet, anlet|e (-et, -en), face, countenance, visage. anletsdrag (-et, —), countenance, visage, features. anlän|da (-de, -t), to arrive. ann, annan, other. Anna, Anna, Ann, Anne. anna|n (-t) other, another; different; something else; otherwise; en och annan, a few, one here and there, sundry. anonymt, anonymously. anor (no sg.), ancestry, descent, pedigree. anrättning (-en, -ar), preparation, course, dish. ansad, cultivated, well cared for, nurtured. ansedd, renowned, noted. an|sluta (-slöt, -slutit) sig, to join. an|slå (-slog, -slagit), to intone; to strike (a note). anspråk (-en, —), claim, demand, requirement. anspråkslöshet (-en), simplicity, unassuming manner. anstalt (-en, -er), institution, establishment; pl., provision, arrangements. an|stå (-stod, -stått), to fit, become, beseem; to be suitable for. anställ|a (-de, -t), to engage, employ. anställning (-en, -ar), situation, position. anständig, decent, fitting, proper. ansvar (-et), responsibility. antagligen, presumably, supposedly. antal (-et, —), number. antites (-en, -er), antithesis. antåg (et, —), approach. anvisning (-en, -ar), suggestion, direction. använ|da (-de, -t), to use, employ. Apollo, Apollon, Apollo, god of music and poetry; also, poet., Apoll. apost|el (-eln, -lar), apostle. appell (-en, -er), appeal, call, signal. april, April. arbetare (-n, —), workman, laborer. arbete (-t, -n), work, labor, employment, occupation. arbetsdag (-en, -ar), working day, day of toil. arbetstrött, toilworn, tired, exhausted with work. arg, evil, depraved. aristokratisk, aristocratic. ark (-et, —), sheet (of paper). arkipelag (-en, -er), archipelago; Cap., the Grecian archipelago. arla, early. arm (-en, -ar), arm. arm, poor, pitiful, unfortunate. armé (-en, -er), army. armod (-et), poverty, need, want, penury. art (-en, -er), variety, kind; style, character. artighet (-en), politeness, courtesy; artigheter, compliments; säga artigheter, to pass compliments. artigt, politely, affably, courteously. artik|el (-eln, -lar), article. arv (-et, —), heritage, inheritance, legacy. arving, arvinge (-en, -ar), heir. arvked (-en), hereditary chain or link. ask|a (-an), ashes, cinders, dust, debris. Aten, Athens. atenare (-n, —), Athenian. atensk, Athenian. Atis, character in an epic poem by Creutz. att, to; that, so that, in order that. auktoritet (-en, -er), authority. Auroraförbundet, the Aurora Society. av, of, by, from; off; about, concerning. avbild (-en, -er), image. avböj|a (-de, -t), to decline, refuse, relinquish. avfall (-et, —), desertion, defection, falling away, dissension; apostasy, fall. avgrund (-en, -er), abyss, chasm, precipice; gulf, pit; bottomless pit, hell, Hades. avgrundsbedövande, infernally noisy, deafening as pandemonium. avgörande, decisive, final. av|lida (-led, -lidit), to pass away, die, expire. avlång, oblong. av|lägga (-lade, -lagt), to take (as a degree, an oath); to show, present; to take off, remove. avlös|a (-te, -t), to relieve; to remove; also lösa av. av|se (-såg, -sett), to intend, plan, propose, purpose; to design, have in mind, aim at; to have for one's object. avsked (-et), leave, farewell, parting; discharge, dismissal; taga avsked, to take leave, say farewell, depart; to resign. avskedsstund (-en, -er), hour or moment of farewell, parting or departure. avskrift (-en, -er), copy. avslipad, ground smooth, polished. avslut|a (-ade, -at), to finish, complete, end, close. avspegl|a (-ade, -at), to reflect. avstann|a (-ade, -at), to stop, cease, abate, subside. avstånd (-et, —), distance. avsän|da (-de, -t), to send, send away, send off; to dispatch. av|taga (-tog, -tagit), to diminish, decrease; to lapse; to ebb. avvikande, at variance (with), departing (from), different (from).

B.

backantisk, bacchantic, bacchanalian. back|e (-en, -ar), hill, hillside, incline. bakom, behind, in the rear. bal (-en, -er), ball, dance. balsam, (-en, rarely), balm, balsam. balsamisk, balmy, balsamic, incense-breathing. balsamluft (-en), balsamic air, balmy breeze. balsamlukt (-en), scent of balsam, balmy odor. balustrad (-en, -er), balustrade, banister. ban (-en), path, course; area, expanse. ban|a (-an, -or), course, way, path; career. band (-et, —), bond, band; ribbon, badge. banér (-et, —), banner, flag, colors, standard. bank (-en, -ar), bank, ridge. bannlys|a (-te, -t), to banish, debar, interdict. bannor, reproof, reprimand, scolding. bar, bare. bara, only, just. barbar (-en, -er), barbarian, savage, pagan, vandal. barbari (-et, poet., -t), barbarism. barkbröd (et), bread made from bark and flour. barm (-en, -ar), bosom. barmhärtig, merciful, gracious. barmhärtighet (-en), mercy, grace, compassion, loving-kindness. barn (-et, —), child, descendant. barnaög|a (-at, -on), eye of a child. barndom (-en), childhood. barndomshem (-met, —), childhood home. barndomsminne (-t, -n), childhood memory. barnlek (-en, -ar), child's play, frolic, pastime. barnlös, childless. barnslig, childish, childlike. baron (-en, -er), baron. barrikad (-en, -er), barricade. bas (-en, -ar), bass. basun (-en, -er), trumpet. basunaljud, basunljud (-et, —), sound of the trumpet or trumpets. be, (bad, bett), to beg; to pray (for); to beseech, supplicate. bebo (-dde, -tt), to inhabit; to dwell in. bedja (bad, bedit), to pray, ask; to invoke, beseech. be|draga (-drog, -dragit), to deceive, cheat. bedrift (-en, -er), act, achievement, deed. be|driva (-drev, -drivit), to carry on; to operate, prosecute. befall|a (-de, -t), to order, command. befallning (-en, -ar), order, command, instructions. befattning (-en, -ar), office, position. be|finna (-fann, -funnit) sig, to find oneself; to be; to dwell, live, reside. befordran, promotion, advancement. befordrande (-t), advancement, promotion. befri|a (-ade, -at), to liberate, set free. befriare (-n, —), liberator. befrielse (-n), liberation. befängd, absurd, preposterous, foolish, nonsensical. befäst|a (-ade, -at; -e, —), to establish. begap|a (-ade, -at), to stare at, ogle; to gaze at, in wonder or admiration. be|giva (-gav, -givit) sig, to betake oneself; begiva sig av, bort, to depart. be|grava (-grov, gravit; -gravde, -gravt), to bury, inter. begravning (-en, -ar), funeral, burial. begrepp, (-et, —), reason, conception, understanding. begrund|a (-ade, -at), to ponder (on), to meditate (on). be|gråta (-grät, -gråtit), to mourn, lament, bemoan; to grieve for. begyn|na (-te, -t), to begin. begynnelse (-n), beginning. begåvad, gifted, talented. begåvning (-en), talent, gifts; qualifications; genius. begär (-et, —), desire, passion; longing. begär|a (-de, -t), to demand, request; to covet. behag (-et, —), charm, grace, beauty, fascination, attraction. behag|a (-ade, -at), to suit, please, delight; to deign, condescend. behärsk|a (-ade, -at), to govern, control, rule; to reign over. behärskning (-en), control, self-control. bekant, known, well-known; acquainted. bekantskap (-en, -er), acquaintance; familiarity. beklag|a (-ade, -at), to regret. bekväm, comfortable, convenient. bekym|mer (-ret, —), care, trouble, worry, vexation, anxiety. bekän|na (-de, -t), to confess; to own to. belastad, laden, burdened. be|le (-log, -lett), to laugh at; to ridicule, deride. belevad, refined, elegant, chic. Belinda, Belinda, Belle. belåten, satisfied, cheerful. belön|a (-ade, -at or -t), to reward, compensate. bemärk|a (-te, -t), to notice, observe closely; to remark (upon). ben (-en, —), leg; bone; remains, dust. benägen, inclined, prone; benägen för, inclined to favor, in favor of. benämn|a (-de, -t), to call, term, designate. bepris|a (-ade, -at), to praise, compliment; to commend. bere|da (-dde, -tt), to prepare; to provide. beredd, prepared; tanned; reserved. berg (-et, —), mountain, rock. bergbäck (-en, -ar), mountain brook, run, rivulet; rocky brooklet. berghäll (-en, -ar), bedrock; ledge of rock. berghög, mountain high. bergig, rocky, mountainous. Bergsängsbacke (-en, -ar), hill of Bergsäng. Bernhard, Bernard, Bernard. beryktad, famous, much talked of, celebrated, illustrious. beräkna (-ade, -at), to calculate, estimate, reckon. berättelse (-n, -r), story, narrative. beröm|ma (-de, -t), to praise, laud, compliment, commend, extol, eulogize. berömd, famous, celebrated, illustrious, well-known. berör|a (-de, -t), to touch; to influence. beröring (-en), touch, association. be|se (-såg, -sett), to contemplate, inspect, examine. be|sitta (-satt, -suttit), to possess, own, have. be|skina (-sken, -skinit), to illumine, irradiate. be|skriva (-skrev, -skrivit), to explain; to describe. beskåd|a (-ade, -at), to contemplate, examine, look at. beskär|a (-de, -t), to bestow, grant, give, assign, allot, vouchsafe; cf. the related word "share". beslag (-et, —), claim, embargo; lägga beslag på, to claim, lay claim to. beslut (-et, —), decision, resolve, resolution. beslut|a (-ade, -at; beslöt, beslutit), to resolve, decide. bestorm|a (-ade, -at), to assail. bestyr|a (-de, -t), to manage, do; bestyra om, (ombestyra), to look after. be|stå (-stod, -stått), to prevail; to stand, remain. beställsam, busy, officious. bestäm|ma (-de, -t), to determine, decide, resolve, order. beständig, constant, permanent, enduring. beständigt, constantly, incessantly, forever, permanently. bestänk|a (-te, -t), to sprinkle, besprinkle. besvikelse (-n, -r), disappointment. besvär (-et, —), difficulty, trouble; work, pains. besök (-et, —), visit, call. betagande, charming, captivating. betagen, fascinated, charmed. betal|a (-ade, -at; -te, -t), to pay, settle; to compensate. beteckn|a (-ade, -at), to mark, designate; to signify, mean; to imply. betrakt|a (-ade, -at), to look at or upon; to consider, contemplate: to meditate on. betraktande (-t), contemplation. betraktelse (-n, -r), meditation; view. beträdd, trodden, entered. beträff|a (-ade, -at), to concern, to appertain; vad det beträffar, as to that, concerning that. bets|el (-let, —), bit, bridle. betvål|a (-ade, -at), lit., to lather, fig., to give someone his due; to satirize; now tilltvåla. betydande, significant, important. betydelse (-n, -r), meaning, significance, importance. betydelsefull, significant, important. betydlig, considerable, important, marked, remarkable. betydligt, considerably, materially. betäck|a (-te, -t), to cover. betänk|a (-te, -t), to consider, ponder, contemplate. beundr|a (-ade, -at), to admire. beundran, admiration. bevar|a (-ade, -at), to protect, preserve. bevars (bevare oss), dear me, mercy, for goodness sake. bevis (-et, —), proof; example, instance; argument. bevisligt, manifestly, evidently, clearly. bi, by; stå bi, to last, endure, hold out, remain; to stand by, assist. bibe|hålla (-höll, -hållit), to retain; bibehålla sig, to remain, endure; to continue to be. bib|el (-eln, -lar), Bible. bibliotek (-et, —), library. bibliotekari|e (-en, -er), librarian. biblisk, Biblical. bid|a (-ade, -at), to abide, await. bidrag (-et, —), contribution. bi|draga (-drog, -dragit), to contribute; to assist. bifall (-et, —), assent, acquiescence, approval, applause. bikt|a (-ade, -at), to confess. biktersk|a (-an, -or), confessor, pleader (fem.). bild (-en, -er), picture, figure, image. bild|a (-ade, -at), to form, mold, make, produce. bildning (-en), culture, education; formation. billig, reasonable, cheap. billigt, within reason, reasonably. binda (band, bundit), to bind; to present, put under obligation; to tie, connect; to fetter, shackle. Birgitta, Birgitta; heliga Birgitta, St. Birgitta. bisarr, bizarre; odd, fantastic. biskop (-en, -ar), bishop. bister, harsh, bitter, severe; rugged, rude. bit -(en, -ar), piece; snatch (of melody). bita (bet, bitit), to bite; to cut. bitande, biting, sharp. bitter, bitter, severe. bitterhet (-en), bitterness. bjuda (bjöd, bjudit), to offer, proffer, tender; to invite; to order, command, compel; to bid; rare pret., böd; bjuda spetsen, to challenge; to offer resistance. bjäfs (-et), finery, tinsel, gewgaw; ruching. bjälk|e (-en, -ar), beam. bjällklang (-en), tinkle of bells; regular form, bjällerklang. bjällr|a (-an, -or), bells, cowbells. björk (-en, -ar), birch. björn (-en, -ar), bear. björnjakt (-en, -er), bear hunt. black, tawny, muddy gray. blad (-et, —), leaf, blade; sheet. bladbekrönt, crowned with leaves. bland, among, in, of. bland|a (-ade, -at), to mingle, mix. blank, shiny, polished, bright, burnished. Blanzeflor, character in a medieval ballad. blek, pale. blek|a (-te, -t), to whiten. blekn|a (-ade, -at), to pale, grow wan; to fade. bli, (bliva), to be, become. blick (-en, -ar), look, eye, glance, glimpse; view, outlook. blick|a (-ade, -at), to look, glance. blid, blithe, mild, gentle. blind, blind. blindhet (-en), blindness. blindvis, blindly. blink (-en, -ar), instant, jiffy, second. bliva (blev, blivit), to be, become; to remain; to come into existence. blixt (-en, -ar), lightning, flash. blixtrande, sparkling, scintillating, gleaming, shining. Blocksberg, one of several mountains in Germany; spec., Mt. Brocken in the Harz range. blod (-et, rarely -en), blood. blod|as (-ades, -ats), to be stained with blood. blodbestänkt, bloodstained. blodig, bloody, gory. blom (-men), bloom, flower. blomdoft (-en, -et, -er), scent, fragrance, perfume, odor (of flowers). blomm|a (-an, -or), flower, blossom. blomm|a (-ade, -at), to bloom, blossom, flower. blommande, blooming, in bloom. blomst|er (-ret, —), blossom, flower. blomsterfan|a (-an, -or), flowery banner. blomstergård (-en, -ar), flower garden. blomsterkrans (-en, -ar), garland, wreath. blomsterkrönt, crowned with flowers. blomsterlindad, wreathed or decked with flowers. blomstermatta (-an, -or), flowery carpet, carpet of flowers. blomsterrad (-en, -er), flowery garland or festoon. blomsterregn (-et, —), floral shower. blomsterskål (-en, -ar), chalice, cup. blomstersnår (-et, —), tangle or mass of bloom, blooming shrubbery. blomsterstängel (-eln, -lar), flower stalk. blomstra (-ade, -at), to flourish; to blossom. bloss (-et, —), light, torch, blaze. bloss|a (-ade, -at), to twinkle, shine, beam, blaze. blott, only, just, merely, nothing but. blotta (-ade, -at), to lay bare, disclose, expose, reveal; to bare, uncover. blund (-en), slumber, nap. blund|a (-ade, -at), to wink, slumber. blyg|as (-des, -ts), to be ashamed; to blush; to be shy, bashful, timid. blygd (-en), shame, disgrace, ignominy. blygsam, modest, unostentatious, submissive. blygsamhet (-en), modesty, lowliness. blytung, heavy as lead, leaden, oppressive. blå, blue; det blå, the blue distance; Fågel Blå, "Bluebird". blån|a (-ade, -at), to turn blue. blånande, turning blue; blue. blåsa (-te, -t), to blow. bläckhorn (-et, —), ink-horn. bländ|a (-ade, -at), to dazzle, fascinate. bländande, brilliant, dazzling. blänga (-de, -t), to glare. blänka (-te, -t), to shine, glitter, gleam. blöda (-dde, -tt), to bleed. bo (-et, -n), nest; dwelling, hut, cot, home. bo (-dde, -tt), to live, dwell, reside. bock (-en, -ar), he-goat, buck. bohagsting (-et, —), household utensil. boj|a (-an, -or), bond, fetter, chain. bok (boken, böcker), book, volume. bokhylla (-an, -or), bookshelf, bookcase. boll (-en, -ar), ball, sphere. bolster (-ret, -rar), cushion, bolster, pillow. bom (-men, -mar), miss (in shooting and various games). bomullsbusk|e (-en, -ar), cotton plant. bonde (bonden, bönder), peasant, farmer, countryman. bondestam (-men, -mar), peasant blood or family. bondevis (-et); country manner; på bondevis, in peasant fashion; after the manner of peasants. bondpojk|e (-en, -ar), country boy. boning (-en, -ar), dwelling. bord (-et, —), table, board. Bore, Boreas, Winter. borg (-en, -ar), castle, palace, stronghold. bort, away, off, hence. bortbytt, exchanged; substantively, changeling. borterst, most distant, far past. bortglömd, forgotten, neglected. bortom, beyond. bortryck|a (-te, -t), to summon hence; to call away (by death). bortskära (-skar, -skurit), to cut off. bort|vika (-vek, -vikit), to turn away. boskap (-en), cattle, kine. bo|sätta (-satte, -satt) sig, to settle down, to locate; to make one's home; vara bo-satt, to live, dwell. bot (boten, böter), cure, remedy; böter, fine, damages. bot|a (-ade, -at), to cure, heal, remedy. bott|en (-nen, -nar), bottom. bragd (-en, -er), achievement, exploit. brak (-et, —), crash, din; thunder, boom, crack. brand (-en), fire, blaze; bränder, firebrands, glow; mor-gonens brand, glow of dawn, auroral splendor. brant (-en, -er), precipice, steep, brink. brant, steep. bras|a (-an, -or), grate fire, blaze, fire, hearth. bravoskri (-et, —), shout of bravo, hurrah; commonly bravo rop. bred, broad, wide. breda (bredde, brett), to spread, lay, stretch, scatter. bredvid, beside, nearby. briljant, brilliant. bring|a (-ade, -at; bräkte, bräkt), to bring. brink (-en, -ar), bank, steep hillside. brinna (brann, brunnit), to burn; to shine, twinkle (of stars); to glow. brist (-en, -er), fault, defect, flaw, failure, frailty, blemish; lack, want, need, scarcity, default. brista (brast, brustit), to break, snap, burst; to lack; to be wanting. bristande, lack of; lacking. bro (-n, -ar), bridge. broder (brodern, bröder), brother, friend. brokig, varicolored, motley. brons (-en, -er), bronze. bror (broder), brother. brott (-et, —), vice, crime; transgression. brud (-en, -ar), bride. brudegång (-en), poet., bridal procession; commonly, brud(e)färd. bruk (-et, —), use; service; mill, factory. bruk|a (-ade, -at), to use, employ. brukspatron (-en, -er), proprietor of industrial establishment; manufacturer; ironmaster. brunn (-en, -ar), well, spring. Brunte, name for a brown horse; also brunte, dobbin. brus (-et), roar, rush. brus|a (-ade, -at), to surge, rush, roar. brusande, stormy, uproarious. bry (-dde, -tt), to tease; to trouble, concern, bother. brydsam, embarrassing, trying, troublesome, vexed. brygd (-en, -er), brew. bryn (-et, —), edge, horizon; brim. bryta (bröt, brutit), to break, sever; to force a way; to share (as bread); to break off; to burst; to till, cultivate. bråddjup (-et, —), precipice. brådskande, eager, hurried. brådstörtad, precipitous, hurried. bråk (-et, —), trouble, ado, bother, pains; fluster, confusion. bråk|a (-ade, -at), to bother, trouble, worry; bråka sitt vett, (sin hjärna), to rack or beat one's brain. brått, soon, quickly, in haste. bråttom (brått), hurried, in a hurry; ha bråttom, to be in a hurry; vara bråttom, to be urgent. bräck|a (-te, -t), to break, shatter. bräcklig, frail, slight, fragile. brädd (-en, -ar), verge, edge, rim. bräddad, filled, brimming. bräddfull, brimming over, full to the rim. bräk|a (-te, -t), to bleat. brän|na (-de, -t), to burn. bränning (-en, -ar), breaker, surf, surge. bröd (-et, —), bread, food, nourishment; loaf. bröllop (-et, —), wedding, marriage; marriage feast. bröllopstöm (-men, -mar), reins decorated for a wedding procession. bröst (-et, —), breast, bosom; heart. bröstlidande (-t), affection of the chest or lungs; consumption. bubbl|a (-an, -or), bubble. buckl|a (-an, -or), spec., bulging or rounded part (of a stringed instrument); gen., knob; dent. bud (-et, —), message, notice, intelligence; signal; order, command; skriva bud, to dictate, give orders. budskap (-et, —), message. buff|el (-eln, -lar), buffalo. bug|a (-ade, -at), to bow, bend. bugning (-en, -ar), bow. bull|er (-ret), noise, din, bustle, rumble, rattle, bluster, tumult, uproar, clamor. bunden, bound, shackled, fettered. bur (-en, -ar), cage. burgunder (-n), Burgundy wine. burnus (-en, -ar), burnoose, a cloaklike garment and hood in one piece, worn by Arabs. by (-n, -ar), village. bygd (-en, -er), neigborhood, environment, region; tract, settled district. bygg|a (-de, -t), to build, erect, construct. byt|a (-te, -t), to change, exchange; to trade; to transform; byta ord, to exchange words; to disagree, quarrel; byta bort, to barter away. byte (-t, -n), booty, spoils; trade, exchange, bargain. båd|a (-ade, -at), to announce, forebode. både, both. båg|e (-en, -ar), bow, arch. bågig, curved, bent; bågiga månen, the curving moon. bång, noise, bluster, fuss, din; ostentation; buller och bång, bluster and blare. bår (-en, -ar), bier; stretcher, litter. bårtäcke (-et, -en), pall. bås (-et, —), stall. båt|a (-ade, -at), to avail. Vad båtar det? What is the use? bäck (-en, -ar), brook, rivulet, bädd (-en, -ar), bed. bädd|a (-ade, -at), to make a bed. bägare (-n, —), beaker, drinking cup, goblet. bälte (-t, -n), belt. bära (bar, burit), to bear, carry, bring; to bring forth; bära … drag, to resemble; buren av, characterized by, distinguished for; bära emot, to be disagreeable. bäst, best, foremost. bäv|a (-ade, -at), to quake, tremble. bävan, trembling. böj|a (-de, -t), to bend, bow, inflect; böja sig, to yield, submit. böjelse (-n, -r), passion, affection, infatuation; tendency. böl|a (-ade, -at), to bellow, low, moo. bölj|a (-an, -or), wave, billow. böljande, undulating, rocking, tossing. böljeslag (-et, —), wave-beat; lapping or dashing of waves. bön (-en, -er), prayer, supplication. bönhör|a (-de, -t), to hear prayer; to grant a petition. bönkapell (-et, —), chapel, house of prayer. böra (borde, bort), ought, should; sometimes in the sense of böra göra, ought to do, or borde hava gjort, ought to have one. börd (-en), birth, noble birth. börj|a (-ade, -at), to begin, start. början, beginning, outset, start. börs (-en, -ar), purse. böss|a (-an, -or), gun, rifle.

C.

Camilla, Camille, priestess in the temple of Diana, heroine of an epic poem by Creutz. ced|er (-ern, -rar), cedar. Celadon, favorite name for a lover in pastoral poetry. Celadondrion, arbitrary transformation of Celadon. cell (-en, -er), cell, chamber. central, central, chief, principal. centaur (-en, -er), centaur. centr|um (-a), commonly cent|er (-ern, -rer), center. char (-en, -er), chariot, car. Charlotta, Charlotte. cirk|el (-eln, -lar), circle, ring. cittr|a (-an, -or), zither. Cupid, Cupido, (also Kupido), Cupid, god of love; commonly Amor. cymbal (-en, -er), cymbal.

D.

dag (-en, -ar), day, daylight, light, dawn; i våra dagar (dar), in our day, time; lägga i dagen, to show, display, present. dag|as (-ades, -ats), to dawn. dag|er (-ern, -rar), daylight, dawn, light. dagg (-en), dew, dewdrop. dagligen, daily, day by day. dagligt, daily. dagsled (-en, -er), day's march or journey. dal (-en, -ar), valley, dale, vale. Dalarna, Dalecarlia (curiously formed from dalkarl, a man of this province), lit., The Dales. dallr|a (-ade, -at), to quaver, vibrate. dalmålning (-en, -ar), painting from Dalarna (Dalecarlia). Dalälven, river in Dalarna. damm (-et), dust. damm|a (-ade, -at), to dust. dans (-en, -ar or -er), dance. dans|a (-ade, -at), to dance; to gambol. dansersk|a (-an, -or), dancer (fem.), danseuse. dansk, Danish. dar (dagar), days. darr|a (-ade, -at), to flicker; to tremble, quaver, waver. data, data, facts; datum (sg.), date. de, the, they, those. debut (-en, -er), debut. debuter|a (-ade, -at), to make one's debut. december, December. dejlig, bonny, pretty, blithe. del (-en, -ar), part, portion, fraction; komma … till del, to be accorded (some one). del|a (-ade, -at), to divide, distribute; to give out, dispense; to impart (cf. meddela); to share. delfin (-en, -er), dolphin. dels, partly. delta (-t or -n), delta. del|taga (-tog, -tagit), to take part, participate, assist. deltagande (-t), participation; sympathy. delvis, partly, in part. dem, them, those. demokratiser|as (-ades, -ats), to be democratized. den, the, that, he, it, that one, whoever. den och den, such and such. denna, denne, this, this one; he, she. dens, his, of that one, of him, of her. densamma, the same; him, her (in obj. case). deras, their, theirs. dess, its, ju … dess, the … the. dessa, these. desto, the, all the; ju … desto, the … the. det, it, the, that, what; whatever; there (as, det finns, there are). detsamma, the same, it; i or med detsamma, at once, in an instant, instantly, at that moment. detta, this, this one. Dexippos, Dexippus, Greek historian. dig, you, thee. dign|a (-ade, -at), to fall; to sink to the ground. dikt (-en, -er), poem, verses; poetic work; poetry; poetic endeavor; song. dikt|a (-ade, -at), to indite, compose; to write (verse or fiction); to conceive. diktcyk|el (-eln, -ler or -lar), cycle of poems. dikthäfte (-t, -n), small book of verse. diktkonst (-en), poetry, poesy, authorship. diktning (-en), poetry, poesy, fiction. diktsamling (-en, -ar), collection of poems or poetic works. diktverk (-et, —), poetic work. dillkött (-et), meat prepared with dill or served with dill sauce. dimm|a (-an, -or), fog, haze, obscurity. din, your, yours, thine. Dionysos, Dionysus, Bacchus. direkt, direct, directly. disputer|a (-ade, -at), to discuss, dispute. dit, thither, whither, thereto, to which. ditåt, in that direction. djup (-et, —), deep, abyss, depth. djup, deep, profound, deep-laid. djupsinnig, profound, meditative. djupt, far below. djur (-et, —), animal, creature. Djurgården, park at Stockholm; lit., the Zoo. Djurgårdsek (-en, -ar), oaks in Djurgården, a park in Stockholm. djärv, rash, brave, arrogant; resolute; ringing, rousing. djärvhet (-en, -er), bravery, rashness, arrogance. docent (-en, -er), instructor, assistant professor. dock, yet, nevertheless, still, however. doft (-en or -et, -er), fragrance, odor, scent. doft|a (-ade, -at), to give out fragrance; to exhale sweet odors; to smell (sweet). doftande, fragrant. dogm (-en, -er), dogma, doctrine. dok (-et, —), veil. doktorsgrad (-en, -er), doctor's degree. dold, hidden, secret, secluded. dolsk, wily, designing, crafty, insidious. dom (-en, -ar), verdict, judgment, decision. domn|a (-ade, -at), to grow numb, dull, dormant; to abate, subside (as wind, storm); to doze away, drop into a light slumber. domprost (-en, -ar), dean. dotter (dottern, döttrar), daughter. dotter|son (-sonen, -söner), grandson. dov, dull, hollow. dovt, with a hollow sound, dismally. drabant (-en, -er), attendant, satellite, aide. drabb|a (-ade, -at), to strike; to befall; to attack; striden drabbar hård, the battle rages fiercely. drag (-et, —), feature, characteristic, mark; countenance; draught; breath of air, breeze, current. draga (drog, dragit), to bear; to draw, attract; to bring out; to raise; to wear; to go; draga ut på tiden, to take a long time, grow tedious. dragharmonik|a (-an, -or), accordion. drak|e (-en, -ar), dragon. dram (-en, -er), drama. dram|a (-at, -er), drama. dramatisk, dramatic. drap|a (-an, -or), dirge, threnody, death-song. dricka (drack, druckit), to drink; to carouse; dricka … till, to drink to; to drink the health of. drill (-en, -ar), trill, warble, run, quaver. driv|a (-an, -or), drift, snowdrift, bank of snow. driva (drev, drivit), to drive; to drift. driv|en (-et), chased, embossed, hammered, tooled; drivet silver, chased silver. dropp|a (-ade, -at), to drop, drip. drottning (-en, -ar), queen. druck|en, drunken, intoxicated. druml|a (-ade, -at), to stumble along; to move clumsily. drumlig, awkward, clumsy. drunkn|a (-ade, -at), to drown; to be submerged. druv|a (-an, -or), grape, cluster of grapes. dryck (-en, -er), drink, potion. dryft|a (-ade, -at), to discuss. dräkt (-en, -er), gown, dress, costume; form. dräng (-en, -ar), manservant, hired man; menial. dränk|a (-te, -t), to drown. dränkning (-en), drowning. dröj|a (-de, -t), to linger, tarry, stay, remain. dröm (-men, -mar), dream. dröm|ma (-de, -t), to dream. drömmande, dreamy, fanciful, meditative, contemplative; dreamily. drömmersk|a (-an, -or), dreamer. drömsjuk, melancholy. du, you, thou. dubbel, double, twofold. dubbelt, doubly, twice. dug|a (-de, -t), to be good for, to be fit, suitable (for); to be good enough; duga till, to be good for, able (to). duk|a (-ade, -at), to set the table; bordet är dukat, the table is spread. dukat (-en, -er), ducat. dukning (-en), setting the table, laying covers. dum, foolish, idiotic, senseless, nonsensical; Dummer, old form of dum, used as a proper name. dumhet (-en, -er), folly, foolishness. dummerjöns (-en, -ar), tomfool, simpleton, dunce, dullard. Dunciad (-en), the Dunciad, by Alexander Pope. dundergud (-en, -ar), god of thunder, thunderer. dunderslag (-et, —), thunderstroke; fig., stupendous achievement. dundrar|e (-en or -n, —), thunderer. dunkel, gloomy, dark, faint, dim; obscure; indistinct. dunkelhet (-en), dimness, gloom; vagueness, obscurity. dunst|a (-ade, -at), to smell of; to evaporate. dunvarm, warm and downy. duv|a (-an, -or), dove, pigeon. duvtorn (-et, —), pigeon tower. dvala (-n), sleep, lethargy, dormancy, stupor. dväljas (dvaldes, dvalts), to dwell, to sojourn; to remain. dvärg (-en, -ar), dwarf, gnome, pygmy. dvärgaham, -hamn (-en, -ar), dwarflike figure, pygmy. dvärgalåt (-en, -ar), howling of pygmies. dygd (-en, -er), virtue. dygn (-et, —), day of twenty-four hours, a day and a night. dyka (dök or dykte, dykt), to dive. dylik, such, similar; dylikt, such like, such things. dynande, surging; dynande våg, breaker. dyning (-en, -ar), surge, surf. dyr, dear, precious, priceless. dyrk (-en, -ar), picklock, skeleton key. dyrk|a (-ade, -at), to worship, adore. dyrkan, worship, adoration. dyrköpt, high-priced; hard-earned. dyster, gloomy, dreary, cheerless, somber. då, then, when, at that time; då och då, now and then, occasionally. dåd (-et, —), deed, exploit, achievement. dån (-et, —), noise, din, rush, roar. dån|a (-ade, -at), to roar, rush, rumble, boom. dår|e (-en, -ar), fool. dårhusdåd (-et, —), mad deed, idiotic act, folly, lunacy. dårskap (-en, -er), folly, madness; absurdity; extravagances. dåtid (-en), that time, that period. däm|ma (-de, -t), to dam, stem, hem in; to impede, confine. d.ä. (den äldre), the elder. dämp|a (-ade, -at), to dim, darken; to subdue, suppress. där, there, where. därefter, after, thereafter. däremot, on the contrary. däribland, among them. därifrån, thence, from that place; away (from it); from it. därigenom, thereby. därinne, within (it), in it. därjämte, also, besides, moreover. därnäst, next in order, next (to it). därom, about it, to that, concerning that, as to that, in that respect. därstädes, there; in that place, locality. därtill, thereto, thereof, of it; furthermore, in addition. därunder, beneath, under it. däruppe, up yonder, aloft, on high. därur, out of it, from it, thence. däruti, therein, in it. däven, muggy, damp, moist. dö (dog, dött), to die, pass away. död, (-en, rarely -ar), death, mortality. död, dead, unfeeling, callous. dödlig, deadly, mortal, fatal. dödsbädd (-en, -ar), deathbed. dödsdömd, pronounced incurable. dödssjuk, mortally sick. dödssång (-en, -er), death song; dirge, requiem. dödsångest (-en), fear of death. dölja (dolde, dolt), to hide, conceal, cover. döm|a (-de, -t), to judge. dörr (-en, -ar), door. döv, deaf. döv|a (-ade, -at), to dull, deaden; ease, reduce, alleviate; to deafen, stupefy.

E.

Eden, Eden, paradise. eder (edert, edra), thy, thine, thee; you, your, yours. edgång (-en, -ar), oath, taking oath. edra, thy, thine; you, yours. efter, after, since; giva efter, to consent, yield, submit. efterhand, gradually, by and by. efterlämn|a (-ade, -at), to leave behind; to leave. efterskänk|a (-te, -t), to remit; to give up, resign. efterträ|da (-dde, -tt), to succeed, follow. egen, own; peculiar. egendom (-en, -ar), possession, property, estate. egendomlig, peculiar, characteristic. egenskap (-en, -er), quality, characteristic, trait. egentligen, properly, actually, really. egoncentriker (-n, —), egocentric, a self-centered person. Egypten, Egypt. egyptisk, Egyptian. eho, whoever. ehuru, although, though. ej, not. ejd|er (-ern, -rar), eider down, eider duck. ek (-en, -ar), oak. eko (-t, -n), echo. ekonomisk, economical, financial; ekonomiskt, economically, financially. eld (-en, -ar), fire, flame, heat. eldhåg (-en), fiery determination, enthusiasm. eldig, fiery, impetuous. eldsvåd|a (-an, -or), fire, conflagration. elegant, elegant, graceful, refined. element (-et, — or -er), element. elementarläroverk (-et, —), college, lyceum, graded school. eller, or, otherwise. elva, eleven. elände (-t), misery, sorrow, wretchedness. embry|o, embry|on (-ot, -a), germ, embryo. emedan, because, whereas, inasmuch as. emellan, mellan, between, among. emellertid, however, meanwhile, in any event. emot, against, toward. en, a, an, one. ena, one thing, single thing, essential; det ena, that one thing, the essential thing. enastående, unique, unparalleled. endast, only, merely, just. enformigt, monotonously. engelska (-n), English, the English language. enkel, plain, simple, single. enkelhet (-en), simplicity, artlessness. enkom, especially, particularly, alone. ens; med ens, at once, suddenly, immediately, instantly. ensam, alone, lone, lonely, lonesome, solitary. ensamhet (-en), solitude, loneliness. ensamhetskänsl|a (-an, -or), feeling of loneliness. ensamhetssorg (-en, -er), melancholy; silent, solitary mourning. ensamhetsställning (-en), solitariness, segregation. ensidig, one-sided, narrow. enskild, private, single. enslig, lone, lonely, solitary, dreary. enslighet (-en), loneliness, solitude. ensling (-en, -ar), recluse, hermit. entusiastisk, enthusiastic, eager. envar, every one. enär, because, for the reason that. eon (-en, -er), æon, age. epilog (-en, -er), epilogue. episk, epic, epical. epok (-en, -er), epoch, period, era. er, your, you; thy, thee. er|bjuda (-bjöd, -bjudit), to offer. er|hålla (-höll, -hållit), to receive, obtain, secure. Erik, Eric. erkänd, acknowledged, recognized. erkännande (-t, -n), recognition, acknowledgment. erkänsl|a (-an), recognition. ers, your; in titles, as, Ers Majestät, your Majesty. erövr|a (-ade, -at), to conquer, subdue; to win, gain. essay (-n, -er), essay. essayist (-en, -er), essayist. estetik, esthetics. ett, a, an, one; i ett, together, continuously, med ett, instantly. Europa, Europe. europeisk, European, continental European. evad, whatever, whether. evangelisk, evangelical. evig, eternal, everlasting; den Evige, the Eternal One. evighet (-en, -er), eternity. evighetshopp (-et), hope of eternity (eternal life). evigt, eternally, forever, always. evoe, evoe, bacchanalian exclamation. evärdlig, eternal, everlasting. exakt, exact. excellens (-en, -er), excellency. excipe (L.), excepting. exemp|el (-let, —), example, instance. exercis (-en), drill, exercise, esp. military drill. exister|a (-ade, -at), to exist. extratåg (-et, —), special train.

F.

fab|el (-eln, -ler), fable, story, tale. fabrik (-en, -er), factory, workshop. fackl|a (-an, -or), torch. fader (fadern, fäder), father; Fadern, Fadren, the (heavenly) Father. faderlig, fatherly, paternal, providential. faderskap (-et), fatherhood. fadersläpp (-en, -ar), a father's lips. fager, fair, pretty, comely, handsome. fal, for sale; wanton, mercenary. falang (-en, -er), phalanx. fall (-et, —), fall; case, instance; waterfall, cataract, cascade; destruction, catastrophe. falla (föll, fallit), to fall; falla … in, to occur to. fallen, fallen. fallenhet (-en), inclination, disposition. faln|a (-ade, -at), to fade, wither; to be blighted; rarely tr., to blight. falsk, false, deceitful, treacherous; unreliable, untrustworthy; counterfeit. falskhet (-en), falsity, deception, deceitfulness, treachery, perfidy, deceit. faml|a (-ade, -at), to grope. famn (-en), embrace, arms, bosom. famna (-ade, -at), to embrace; to fathom; to surround. famntag (-et, —), embrace. fan|a (-an, -or), flag, banner. fantasi (-en, -er), fancy, imagination, fantasy. fantasivärld (-en, -ar), world of fancy; imaginary world. Fantasos, fancy, fantasy (personified). fantast (-en, -er), fantast, dreamer, visionary. fantastisk, fantastic, dreamy, visionary. fantiser|a (-ade, -at), to dream; to give free reins to one's fancy. far (fader), father. far|a (-an, -or), peril, danger. fara (for, farit), to rush; to travel, journey, fare; to pass. far|far, far|fader (-fadern), grandfather. farkost (-en, -er), vessel, craft, bark. farlig, dangerous, unsafe, risky, hazardous. fart (-en), speed, pace; activity; passage. fartyg (-et, —), ship, vessel. farväl, farewell, good-bye. fas|a (-an, -or), horror, terror. fason (-en, -er), fashion, style; form, shape; manner. fast, firm, fixed, fast. fast, although. fastän, although. fat (-et, —), plate, platter, bowl. fatt (fast), hold of, fast, up with; få fatt, to get hold of, seize; gå fatt, to catch up with. fatt|a (-ade, -at), to seize, grasp; to comprehend, understand; to embrace. fattig, poor, needy, indigent, impoverished, meager, destitute. faun (-en, -er), faun. Faust, Faust, a character in literature, treated by Goethe, Marlowe (as Faustus), Rydberg, and others. Febus, Phoebus, the sun-god. feg, cowardly. feghet (-en), cowardice. fej (-et), cleaning, polishing. fejdenamn (-et, —), controversial name. fel (-et, —), fault, error, mistake. fel|a (-ade, -at), to err, fail; to make a mistake. fel|as (-ades or -tes, -ats), to be lacking, wanting; to fall short. fem, five. femhundra, five hundred. femtio, femti, fifty. femtiårs, semicentennial. femton, fifteen. fenomenal, phenomenal. fest (-en, -er), festival, feast. festlik, festlig, festive. festtåg (-et, —), procession, parade. fet, fat, chubby, fleshy. fete (-n, -r), festival. fib|er (-ern, -rer), fiber. fiende (-n, -r), enemy, foe, antagonist. figur (-en, -er), figure, character. fik|a (-ade, -at), to yearn for; to strive; to covet; reg., fika efter (not för). filosof (-en, -er), philosopher, thinker. filosofi (-en or -n), philosophy. filosofie, of philosophy (in degrees, as filosofie doktor). filosofisk, philosophical. fin, fine, exquisite, dainty, elegant, delicate; slender. finbildad, highly educated, highly accomplished, erudite. fing|er (-ern, or -ret, -rar), finger. finna (fann, funnit), to find, discover; finna på, to discover, devise; finna upp, to invent. finnas (fanns, funnits), to be, exist; to be found; to be discovered. finsk, Finnish. fintlig, inventive, clever. fir|a (-ade, -at), to celebrate, commemorate. fiskar(e)flick|a (-an, -or), fisher maiden, fisherman's daughter. fiskskinnsöverdragen, covered with fish skin. fjorton, fourteen. fjäd|er (-ern, -rar), feather, quill. fjädrad, feathery, feathered. fjäll (-en, — or -ar), mountain, fjeld. fjärd (-en, -ar), bay, fiord. fjär|il (-ilen, -iln, -ilar, -lar), butterfly. fjärm|a (-ade, -at), to remove; fjärma sig, to absent oneself; to leave, depart, withdraw. fjärmare, more distant, farther off. fjärran, far, distant; afar, remote. fjäsk (-et), fuss, bustle, flurry, stew. fjät (-et, —), pace, step; footprint, footstep. fladdrande, flickering, fluttering. flamingo (-n, -s), flamingo. flamm|a (-an, -or), flame, fire; spark of inspiration. flamm|a (-ade, -at), to flame, burn, flicker. flammande, flaming. flarn (-et, —), chip. flax|a (-ade, -at), to flutter, flicker. flegma (-n), sluggishness, dullness, apathy. fler, flera, more, several; others. flertal (-et), number. flick|a (-an, -or), girl, maiden, miss. flik (-en, -ar), shred. fling|a (-an, -or), flake. flit (-en), diligence. flitig, diligent, industrious. flock (-en, -ar), flock, herd; crowd. flod (-en, -er), flood; river, stream. flor (-et, —), veil, screen. Florez, Flores, a character in a medieval ballad. fly (-dde, -tt), to flee, escape, fly; to disappear, pass. flyende, passing, fugitive. flyga (flög, flugit), to fly. flykt (-en), flight. flykt|a (-ade, -at), to flee, fly away. flyktad, past, gone, over, done, vanished. flyktig, flighty, fickle, flitting, transitory, vanishing, fleeting; light, casual, desultory; shiftless, transient. flyktigt, lightly, casually, fitfully, airily. flyta (flöt, flutit), to flow, course. flytt|a (-ade, -at), to move, remove, transfer. flyttfåg|el (-eln, -lar), migratory bird, bird of passage. fläck (-en, -ar), spot, blotch, blemish. fläck|as (-ades, -ats), to be spotted, defiled. fläkt (-en, -ar), breeze, breath. fläkt|a (-ade, -at), to fan, blow. flämt|a (-ade, -at), to flicker. fläng (-et), bustle, hurry, scurry. flärd (-en), vanity, frivolity. flärdfull, vain, frivolous, giddy, ostentatious. flät|a (-ade, -at), entwine, braid, intertwine. flöjt (-en, -er), flute. fod|er (-ret), fodder, feed. folk (-et, —), people, nation, race. folkegen, peculiar to the people, characteristic of a nation, distinctive of a people. folkhögskola (-an, -or), people's high school, a Swedish institution giving popular courses of instruction. folkhögskolerörelse (-n, -r), activities of the people's high schools; people's high school movement. folkkär, popular, dear to or cherished by the people. folkliv (-et), life of the people. Folkungaträdet, "The Tree of the Folkungs", a story of the Folkung line. fontän (-en, -er), fountain. for|a (-an, -or), wagon-load. forden, forn, former, quondam. fordom, formerly. fordomdags, formerly, aforetime. form (-en, -er), form, shape; mode, manner; character. form|a (-ade, -at), to form. form|el (-eln, -ler), formula. formell, formal, relating to form. formfulländning (-en), perfection of form, finish, perfection. formskönhet (-en), beauty of form, grace. forn|a (-e), former, ancient, of old, whilom; rarely forn. fornnordisk, old Norse, early Scandinavian. forntid (-en), antiquity, ancient time. fornvärld (-en, -ar), ancient world. fornåldrig, ancient, old time, antiquated. fors (-en, -ar), torrent, rapids, falls. forskare (-n, —), seeker, searcher, investigator, student; one who makes researches; scholar, scientist. forskargärning (-en, -ar), research; scholarly activity. forskning (-en, -ar), research. fort, fast, rapidly, quickly. fort|sätta (-satte, -satt), to continue, proceed, go on, advance; to prosecute. fosforist (-en, -er), member of the Aurora Society; ultra-romanticist. Fosforos, Phosphorus, light-bringer; morning star. fost|er (-ret, —), creation, product, breed. fosterbarn (-et, —), foster-child. fosterjord (-en), native soil, native land. fosterland (-et), native land, country. fosterländsk, patriotic, pertaining to the mother country. fostr|a (-ade, -at), to foster, train, bring up, rear, nourish. fostran, rearing, bringing up, education. fot (foten, fötter), foot, base. frack (-en, -ar), dress coat; i frack, in full dress. fragment (-et, — or -er), fragment. fram, forth, on, forward, ahead, up, along. fram|bjuda (-bjöd, -bjudit), to offer; to serve. fram|bära (-bar, -burit), to serve, furnish. framfaren, past, elapsed. framför, before, ahead of; framför allt, primarily, in the first place. framför|a (-de, -t), to present, introduce; to bring, carry forward. framgång (-en, -ar), success, advancement. fram|hålla (-höll, -hållit), to point out, present, state; to stress, accentuate. framkall|a (-ade, -at), to call forth, produce. framlev|a (-de, -at), to live; to pass (one's years, etc.) fram|lägga (-lade, -lagt), to present, offer, bring out. framom, before, in front (of), ahead (of). framskjuten, prominent, conspicious. framsorl|a (-ade, -at), to rush forth; to flow with a murmur. framstupa, forward, prone, head first. framställ|a (-de, -t), to present, offer. framställning (-en, -ar), presentation, treatment, depiction. framtid (-en), future. framträ|da (-dde, -tt), to appear. framträdande (-t, -n), appearance. framträdande, salient, conspicuous. framåt, forward, onward. fransk, French. franska (-n), French, the French language. fras (-en, -er), phrase. fred (-en), peace, quietude. fredlig, peaceful, quiet, peaceable. fri, free, at liberty, independent; fri från, rid of. fri|a (-ade, -at), to make free, release; commonly befria or frigöra. frid (-en), peace, calm, quietude. fri|göra (-gjorde, -gjort), to liberate, make free, divorce; frigöra sig, to break with, break away, depart (from). frigörelsekamp (-en), fight for liberty, emancipation struggle. frihet (-en, -er), freedom, liberty; leisure; pl., liberties. frihetsentusiasm (-en), enthusiasm for liberty. frihetskänsl|a (-an, -or), sense of freedom, liberal tendency. frihetskärlek (-en), love of liberty. frihetsstund (-en), hour of liberation. frikadell (-en, -er), fricadelle. frikän|na (-de, -t), to acquit, exonerate. frisinnad, liberal. frisk, fresh, pure, healthy, wholesome. friskt, quickly, instantly. fritimm|e, -a (-en, or -an, -ar), leisure hour, recess. fritt, freely, at will. frivol, frivolous. from, kind, gentle, pious. frostblomm|a (-an, -or), frost flower. fru (-n, -ar), wife, spouse, madam, Mrs., Lady. frukt (-en, -er), fruit, result. frukt|a (-ade, -at), to fear. fruktan, fear, apprehension. fruktträdsvalv (-et, -en), vault or arch formed by the limbs of fruit trees. frusande, gushing. frusen, frozen. frusta (-ade, -at), to snort. fryntlig, genial, affable, hearty, jovial. fråg|a (-an, -or), question, problem, topic. fråg|a (-ade, -at), to ask, inquire, question. från, from, of; från och med, from and including. fråss|a (-ade, -at), to feast; fråssa i sin olycka, to brood over one's misfortune. fräck, insolent, arrogant, brazen, bold, audacious, shameless, daring. frälst, saved, rescued, ransomed. främling (-en, -ar), stranger. främmad, foreign, strange. främmande, foreign, strange, unfamiliar; — (-t), visitor, caller, stranger. främst, foremost. frände (-n, -r), kinsman, relative, friend. frändskap (-en), kinship, relationship. frö (-et, -n), seed. fröjd (-en, -er), joy, merriment, hilarity, glee, delight, pleasure. fröjd|a (-ade, -at), to rejoice; to give, impart joy; to give pleasure; fröjdas, fröjda sig, to rejoice. fröjderop (-et, —), shout of joy. frök|en (-nen, -nar), miss, young lady. ful, homely, ugly, hideous. fullbesatt, crowded. fullblodig, full-blooded, thoroughbred. fullbord|a (-ade, -at), to complete, finish, close, end. fullkomn|a (-ade, -at), to complete, finish. fullmogen, mature, ripe, fully ripe, fully developed. fullständigt, completely, perfectly, fully, thoroughly. fullt, full, fully, complete, truly, thoroughly. fulländning (-en), perfection. fuml|a (-ade, -at) to fumble. fur|a (-an, -or), fir; also fur (-en). furstetaff|el (-eln, -lar), table of a prince, royal board. furulund (-en, -ar, -er), fir or pine wood or grove. furusänk|a (-an, -or), dell in the fir woods. fylking (-en, -ar), troop, army division. fylkingespets (-en), head or front of a troop. fyll|a (-de, -t), to fill; to occupy; to replenish; to complete; fylla opp (uppfylla), to fulfill, accomplish; fyllas (uppfyllas), to be fulfilled. fyra, four. fyrk (-en, -ar), doit, farthing, copper, penny; any coin of trifling value. Fyrtio (fyratio, fyrti, colloq., förti), forty. fyrtiofyra, forty-four. få, few. Få (fick, fått), may; to be permitted; to receive. fåfängt, vainly, in vain, uselessly. fåg|el (-eln, -lar), bird; Fågel Blå, "Bluebird". fågelsång (-en, -er), bird song. fåglanäste (-t, -n), bird's nest; usually fågelnäste or fågelbo. fål|e (-en, -ar), colt, horse. fåll|a (-an, -or), fold, pen. fån (-et, —), fool, idiot, oaf, dolt. fång|a (-ade, -at), to capture, snatch. fång|e (-en, -ar), prisoner, captive. fången, imprisoned, confined. får (-et, —), sheep. får|a (-an, -or), furrow. fåvitsk, foolish, witless. fädernejord (-en), native soil, fatherland. fädernesland (-et), fatherland, native country. fägring (-en), beauty, charm. fäll|a (-de, -t), to fell; to cause to fall; to betray; to convict; to cut or strike down; to shed; to charge (with weapons). fält (-et, —), field, plain. fängelse (-t, -r), prison. fängelsedirektör (-en, -er), prison warden. fängelsetorn (-et, —), prison tower. fängsl|a (-ade, -at), to captivate. färd (-en, -er), journey, travel, voyage, trip; race, course, career. färdeminne (-t, -n), memory of travel, recollection from a journey. färdig, ready, finished, completed; prepared. färg (-en, -er), color, tint, shade. färg|a (-ade, -at), to dye, color. färg|as (-ades, -ats), to gain color, to become tinted, flushed. färgglöd (-en), wealth of color, brilliancy of color. färgrik, colorful, glowing, rich in color. färsk, fresh. fäst|a (-ade, -at; -e, —), to attach, fasten, fix. fäste (-t, -n), fastening, hold; firmament; heavens; fastness. fäst|man (-männen, -män), lover; one betrothed or affianced. föd|a (-an), food, nourishment; living. fö|da (-dde, -tt), to bear; to give birth to; to feed, nourish. fö|das (-ddes, -tts), to be born. föga, slightly, a little, little, hardly any. följ|a (-de, -t), to follow, to succeed; to adhere to; to observe; to accompany; följa med, to go along; to accompany. följande, following, succeeding, next, följeslagersk|a (-an, -or), companion. fönst|er (-ret, —), window. fönsterkarm (-en, -ar), casement, window frame. för, for, of, during, as regards, relative to, before, in preference to; too; at, with, under; för att, to, in order to. för|a (-de, -t), to bear, bring, convey, conduct, carry; föra ut (utföra), to carry out; föra ordet, to preside, dictate, dominate; föra till minnes, to recall; to bring to mind. förakt (-et), contempt, disdain, scorn, dislike, disfavor, disregard, slight. förandra (förändra), to change. föranle|da (-dde, -tt), to cause, bring about, occasion; to induce, move, lead. förbarm|a (-ade, -at) sig, to have mercy; to take pity. förbi, past, over, at an end; by. förbindelse (-n, -r), connection. förbindligt, obligingly, with complaisance, affably. förbittrad, bitter, envenomed, enraged, embittered, wroth, exasperated. förblekna (-ade, -at), to pale, fade, wither. förblind|a (-ade, -at), to blind; to dazzle. för|bliva (-blev, -blivit), to remain. förbluffande, astonishing. förblö|da (-dde, -tt), to bleed to death; to expire. förbrän|na (-de, -t), to burn up; to consume by fire. förbund (-et, —), union, association, society, league. förbyt|a (-te, -t), to change. fördel|a (-ade, -at), to relieve, allay, dispel. fördjup|a (-ade, -at), to deepen. fördjupning (-en, -ar), deepening. för|draga (-drog, -dragit), to bear, tolerate. fördubbl|a (-ade, -at), to double; to duplicate. fördystr|a (-ade, -at), to darken, sadden; to throw a gloom over. fördömd, accursed, damned. före, before, in advance, ahead of, in front of. förebåd|a (-ade, -at), to presage, foreshadow, predict. före|falla (-föll, -fallit), to appear, seem; to strike (one). föreläsare (-n, —), lecturer. föreläsning (-en, -ar), lecture. fören|a (-ade, -at), to unite, join, combine. förenad, förent, united. Förenta staterna, the United States. före|stå (-stod, -stått), to be at hand; to approach, impend; to be imminent. föreställningssätt (-et), view, viewpoint. före|taga (-tog, -tagit), to undertake, enter upon, engage in; to take (as a journey). företeelse (-n, -r), phenomenon, sign. företrä|da (-dde, -tt), to represent; to stand for. företrädare (-n, —), predecessor; representative. företrädesvis, preeminently, chiefly, primarily. förfallna (förfalna), to wither. förfaln|a (-ade, -at), to wither, wilt, fade; to be blighted; usually falna. författare (-n, —), author, writer. författarinn|a (-an, -or), authoress. förfluten, past; det förflutna, the past. förflytt|a (-ade, -at), to remove. förfrus|en, frozen, chilled, deadened, cold, benumbed. förfäder, forefathers. förfärlig, fearful, terrible, dreaded, dread. förföljande, pursuing. förgift|a (-ade, -at), to poison, infect. förgrymmad, enraged. förgyll|a (-de, -t), to gild; to embellish. förgylld. gilded, gilt. för|gås (-gicks, -gåtts), to be annihilated, destroyed. förgänglig, transient, transitory, fleeting. för|gäta (-gat, -gätit), to forget. förgäves, in vain. förhoppning (-en, -ar), hope, expectation. för|hålla (-höll, -hållit), to withhold. förhållande (-t, -n), circumstance, condition, situation. förhärd|a (-ade, -at), to harden. förkastad, rejected, despised, condemned. förklar|a (-ade, -at), to explain, make clear, elucidate. förklarad, transfigured, glorified. förklaring (-en, -ar), transfiguration, glorification; declaration, explanation, interpretation. förkunn|a (-ade, -at), to proclaim, make known; to preach. förliden, last, past. förljuv|a (-ade, -at), to sweeten; to brighten; to soothe. förlor|a (-ade, -at), to lose; förlora sig, to be lost, of no avail, ineffective. förloss|a (-ade, -at), to redeem; to liberate. förlovning (-en, -ar), engagement, betrothal. förlust (-en, -er), loss. för|låta (-lät, -låtit), to forgive. förlägen, embarrassed, nonplussed, puzzled. förlän|a (-ade, -at, or -te, -t), to give, grant, bestow; endow, invest. förläng|a (-de, -t), to lengthen, extend; to draw out. för|må (-dde, -tt), to be able; to be equal to. förmåg|a (-an, -or), ability, power. förnek|a (-ade, -at), to deny. för|nimma (-nam, -nummit), to be aware of; to notice; to experience, sense, know, learn. förnuft (-et, —), reason, intelligence, intellect. förnuftsdyrkan, worship of reason, rationalism. förny|a (-ade, -at), to renew; förnya sig, to recur, repeat itself. förnäm, prominent, distinguished; cultured, refined; dainty; aristocratic. förnämst, most prominent, foremost, chief, supreme; chiefly, notably, above all. förnämligast, chiefly, mainly, in the first place, primarily. förnöj|a (-de, -t), to please, entertain, charm. förnöjd, satisfied, contented. förr, formerly, before, heretofore, erstwhile, aforetime, once; sooner, rather. för|rinna (-rann, runnit), to run out; to pass. förrost|a (-ade, -at),> to rust; to corrode. förruttnelse (-n), corruption, rottenness, decomposition. förrätt|a (-ade, -at), to officiate at; to perform. försak|a (-ade, -at), to forego, do without, resign; to deny oneself something; to renounce. församl|a (-ade, -at), to assemble, gather, collect. församling (-en, -ar), congregation, assemblage, gathering; parish. förseelse (-n, -r), offense, crime, fault, error, blunder, mistake. försiktig, careful, cautious, prudent, wary. försin|a (-ade, -at; -te, -t), to run dry; to dry out, give out; commonly utsina. förskaff|a (-ade, -at), to obtain, secure; förskaffa sig, to provide oneself with. förskräck|a (-te, -t), to frighten, alarm, terrify, shock. förskön|a (-ade, -at), to beautify. förslagen, clever, alert, inventive, resourceful. försliten, worn out, weary and worn. förslö|a (-ade, -at), to dull, blunt, weaken. försmå (-dde, -tt), to despise, ignore, disregard. försmäkt|a (-ade, -at), to languish, pine; to droop, wither. försmält, blended, mingled, welded. förson|a (-ade, -at or -t), to reconcile. först, first, foremost, primary; at first; not until; först nu, not until now, now for the first time. förstorad, enlarged. förströdd, distracted, absent-minded. förströelse (-n, -r), diversion, pastime, amusement, recreation. förstulen, secret, hidden; furtive, stealthy, sly. förstumm|as (-ades, -ats), to grow mute, silent; to be silenced. för|stå (-stod, -stått), to understand, comprehend. förstående, intelligently, understandingly. förstånd (-et), intellect, understanding, reason, intelligence, comprehension; krysta förståndet, to cudgel or beat one's brains. förståndig, intelligent, wise, intellectual. förståndsmässig, intellectual; matter-of-fact; in accord with common sense. förståndsmässighet (-en), intellectualism. förstör|a (-de, -t), to destroy, despoil, annihilate, förstörd, ravaged, ruined. försumlig, negligent, careless, thoughtless, remiss, forgetful. försvag|a (-ade, -at), to weaken; to grow dim. försvar (-et, —), defense, protection. försvär|a (-ade, -at), to defend, protect; to merit. för|svinna (-svann, -svunnit), to disappear; to pass over, by, out of sight. försyn (-en), providence, destiny, fate. försynt, considerate. försynthet (-en), considerateness, consideration, discretion, circumspection. försänk|a (-te, -t), to sink; to steep. försök (-et, —), effort, attempt, trial. försök|a (-te, -t), to try, attempt, endeavor, seek. för|tiga (-teg, -tegat), to keep secret; to maintain silence about. förtjus|a (-te, -t), to fascinate, charm. förtjusare (-n, —), charmer, enchanter. förtjusning (-en), delight, rapture, infatuation, enchantment, fascination. förtjust, delighted, enchanted, enraptured. förtjän|a (-te, -t or -ade, -at), to deserve; to be worthy of; to merit, earn. förtjänst (-en, -er), merit, worth, excellence, deserts. förtjänstfull, meritorious, excellent, deserving, worthy. förtrogen, acquainted, familiar. förtrolig, intimate, thorough, confidential. förtrollning (-en), enchantment, charm, fascination, witchery. förtryck (-et), oppression, tyranny. förtryck|a (-te, -t), to oppress, tyrannize. för|tryta (-tröt, -trutit), to provoke, aggravate, irritate, offend, anger. förträfflig, excellent, capital, splendid, choice. förträffligt, admirably, splendidly. förtröstan, confidence, trust. förtvivlan, despair. förtyck|a (-te, -t), to begrudge, take amiss. för|tälja (-täljde, -täljt; -tålde, -tält), to tell, narrate. förtär|a (-de, -t), to consume, devour, absorb. förtärd, consumed, spent. förtät|as (-ades, -äts), to be condensed; to grow dense. förunderlig, wondrous, miraculous. förutan, without, except; lacking. förvandl|a (-ade, -at), to change, alter, transform. förvandling (-en, -ar), change, tranformation, alteration, metamorphosis, mutation. förvildad, wild, brutalized, savage. förvill|a (-ade, -at), to bewilder; to lead astray. förvisningsdom (-en, -ar), verdict of exile, deportation. förvissnad, withered, blighted. förvisso, assuredly, certainly, undoubtedly. förvuxen, overgrown, rank, degenerate. förvänd, wrong, fallacious, erroneous; perverse, irrational. förvärv|a (-ade, -at), to earn; förvärva sig, to earn. föryngr|as (-ades, -ats), to grow young; to be rejuvenated. föräldrar, parents. förälsk|a (-ade, -at) sig, to fall in love; to be enamored. förälskad, enamored, smitten. förändr|a (-ade, -at), to change, alter, transmute. förö|da (-dde, -tt), to lay waste, despoil, devastate, ravage, ruin; to squander.

G.

gack (gå), go. gagn (-et), use, utility. gagnlös, useless, vain, unprofitable, idle. gala (gol, galit), to crow. galakläder, festive garb. gammal, old, aged, ancient, venerable. gammaldags, old-fashioned. gammalsvensk, old Swedish. gamman, mirth, glee, merriment. ganska, very, quite, rather. garde (-t, -n), guard. garnering (-en, -ar), trimming, passementerie; ruffle. gat|a (-an, -or), street, avenue. Gautjod, poetic name for Sweden. gav|el (-eln, -lar), gable. ge (gaf, gett), short form of giva, to give. gemak (-et, —), apartment. gemen, common, mean, ordinary, lowly, abject. gemensam, common, general. genast, instantly, at once. general (-en, -er), general. gengäld (-en), return, compensation. geni|us (-en, -er), genius, spirit. genkänsl|a (-an, -or), response, sympathy, reciprocation. genljud (-et, —), echo. gen|ljuda (-ljöd, -ljudit), to resound, echo. genom, through, by, throughout; by means of. genom|bryta (-bröt, -brutit), to break through; to overcome. genom|gå (-gick, -gått), to go through; to pass, traverse. genomvandr|a (-ade, -at), to pass through, traverse. gensägelse (-n, -r), contradiction. gent, straight, directly. gentemot, over against, as against; in contradiction to; opposite to. gestalt (-en, -er), figure, form, shape; apparition. gestaltningskraft (-en, -er), creative power. get (-en, -ter), goat; in sg. esp., she-goat. gift (-et, -er), poison. giftermål (-et, —), marriage. gig|a (-an, -or), harp. gille (-t, -n), guild, society, club, union. girig, greedy; eager; prompt. giss|a (-ade, -at), to guess. giss|el (-let, —), scourge, lash. gisselslag (-et, —), stroke of the lash or scourge. gissl|a (-ade, -at), to lash, flog, scourge. giva (gav, givit), or ge (gav, gett), to give; det är givet, that is certain, admitted; undoubtedly. gjuta (göt, gjutit), to pour; to shed; to mold. glad, glad, merry, joyous, delighted, delightful, happy, pleased. gladlynt, beaming, benign, in pleasant mood. glans (-en), brilliancy, brightness, splendor. glasyr (-en, -er), glaze, glazing. glatt, gladly, joyfully. glimm|a (-ade, -at), to gleam. glimt|a (-ade, -at), to glint, flash. glindr|a (-ade, -at), to glitter. glitt|er (-ret), glitter, glamor, show, display; tinsel. glittr|a (-ade, -at), to glitter, gleam. glittrande, glittering, gleaming, shining. glämig, glassy, dim, misty, sallow, wan. glädja (gladde, glatt, glatt), to gladden, please, delight; glädja sig, to rejoice, exult; to be delighted. glädjas (gladdes, glatts), to rejoice. glädje (-n), joy, gladness, delight. glädjeskrud (-en, -ar), robes of joy, garb of pleasure. glädjetår (-en, -ar), tear of joy. glänsande, shining, lustrous, brilliant, illustrious. glättig, merry, glad, jovial, mirthful. glöd (-en, -er), glow. glö|da (-dde, -tt), to glow, glöm|ma (-de, -t), to forget, ignore; to omit, neglect. glömsk, forgetful. glömska (-n), oblivion. gnist|a (-an, -or), spark. gnistr|a (-ade, -at), to twinkle, sparkle. gnistrande, sparkling. gny (-dde, -tt), to moan. gnägg|a (-ade, -at), to whinny, neigh. gnäll (-et), whine. god, good, kind, fair, sound, hearty, sweet, favorable, easy, comfortable. goddag or god dag, good morning, how do you do? A form of address at meeting, not at parting (as, good day). godhet (-en), goodness, kindness, mercy. godo; komma till godo, to benefit. gods (-et, —), goods, property; gods och guld, wealth. golv (-et, —), floor. goss|e (-en, -ar), boy, lad. gossebarm (-en, -ar), youthful breast. gosselynne (-t, -n), youthful spirits, boyish disposition. gossekar|a (-an, -or), crowd or concourse of boys. got (-en, -er), Goth. gotisk, Gothic. gott (god), good, well. grad (-en, -er), degree, grade. gran (-en, -ar), pine. grand (-et, —), particle, whit, bit, iota. grann, pretty, handsome. granne (-en, -ar), neighbor. grannfolk (-et, —), neighboring nation. granngålsmamsell (-en, -er), young lady of the neighborhood. grannskap (-et, —), neighborhood, vicinity. granskning (en, -ar), review, examination. grant, clearly, distinctly. grantopp (-en, -ar), top of the pine. gratie (-n, -r), grace, pl., Graces. gratuler|a (-ade, -at), to congratulate, felicitate. grav (-en, -ar), grave, tomb. gravvalv (-et, —), funeral vault, vaulted tomb, mausoleum. grekisk, Greek, Grecian. grekiska (-n), Greek language, Greek. Grekland, Greece. gren (-en, -ar), branch, limb. grev|e (-en, -ar), count. grevinn|a (-an, -or), countess. grevlig, belonging to a count or countess. grevskap (-et, —), county; shire, earldom; used by Lenngren, like herrskap, for count and countess. grift (-en, -er), grave, tomb. grind (-en, -ar), gate. gripa (grep, gripit), to seize; to overwhelm; gripa till, to begin. gro (-dde, -tt), to grow. grop (-en, -ar), pit, hole, cavity, cave. grov, coarse, rough, rugged, husky, robust. grubbl|a (-ade, -at), to brood over; to ruminate on; to puzzle over. gruml|a (-ade, -at), to muddle, muddy; to soil, becloud, dim, obscure. grund (-en, -er), ground; basis, foundation; principle; bottom, depth; soil; i grunden, at bottom, fundamentally; på grund av, on account of, owing to, in consequence of. grundlighet, thoroughness, depth, profundity. grundläggare (-n, —), founder, pioneer, originator. grundritning (-en, -ar), ground plan, sketch. grundton (-en, -er), dominant note. grus (-et), dust, debris, rubbish, gravel. grus|a (-ade, -at), to destroy, devastate, ruin. gruv|a (-an, -or), mine. gruvlig, fearful, terrible, dire, dreadful. gry (-dde, -tt), to dawn, rise. grym, brutal. grymt, brutally, harshly. gryning (-en, rarely -ar), dawn, dawning. gryt|a (-an, -or), pot. gråhårad, gray-haired. grån|a (-ade, -at), to turn gray. gråt (-en), weeping, crying, tears, grief, lamentation. gråta (grät, gråtit), to weep, lament, cry; to shed tears. gråtögd, tearful, lachrymose. gräl (-et, —), quarrel, strife. gränd (-en, -er), alley, court. gräns (-en, -er), limit, boundary, bounds. gränslös, boundless, illimitable, extreme. gräs (-et, —), grass. gräv|a (-de, -t), to dig, delve. gröd|a (-an, -or), crop, harvest. grön, green, verdant. Gröndal, Greendale. grönklädd, garbed in green, verdant. grönmantlad, green-mantled, attired in green. grönska (-ade, -at), to grow or turn green; to become covered with verdure. grönskande, growing or turning green; shading into green. gubb|e (-en, -ar), old man. gud (-en, -ar), god, idol; o gudar, ye gods. Gud (-en), God. gudaberg (-et, —), mount of the gods. gudadans (-en, -ar, -er), dance of the gods. gudaord (-et, —), word of God, divine word. gudastam (-men), godlike race, race of gods. gudasänd, sent by God, heavenly, supernal. gudingiven, inspired, divine. gudlöshet (-en), godlessness, wickedness, irreverence, impiety. gudom (-en), godhead; God, divinity. gudomlig, godlike, divine. gudomlighet (-en, -er), godhead, divinity. Gudsmoder (-n), Mother of God, Holy Mother. guitarr (-en, -er), guitar; also gitarr. gul, yellow; sallow, faded. guld (-et), gold. guldgrund (-en), golden background. guldmoln (-en, —), golden clouds. guldsmidd, gold-mounted, gold-beaten. guldtråd (-en, -ar), gold cord. gull (-et), gold, treasure. gullgul, golden. gullhårig, golden-haired. gullvingad, golden-winged. gulnad, faded, yellowed by age. gumm|a (-an, -or), old woman, old lady. gung|a (-ade, -at), to rock; to stir, agitate; to toss; to wave, undulate. gunst (-en), favor, grace, good will, kindness, benefit, boon. gunstling (-en, -ar), favorite. Gustav, Gustav, Gustave, Gustavus. gustaviad (-en, -er), Gustaviad, heroic poem on any of the Gustavian kings. gustaviansk, Gustavian, with specific reference to the time of Gustavus III. of Sweden. gustavisk, Gustavian. gyckelbild (-en, -er), illusion. gyllene, gyllne, golden. gå (gick, gått), to go, walk; to run; gå an, to be permissible; det går an, it will do, it will pass, very well; det går, it works, it can be done. gål (-n), yard, lawn; farmhouse; colloq. for gård. gång (-en, -er), time; en gång, some time, once, once on a time; på en gång, at one time, simultaneously; en och annan gång, now and then. gång (-en), gait, pace; walk; movements; gångar, walks, paths. gångjärn (-en, —), hinge. går; i går, yesterday; i går afton, last evening, night. gård (-en, -ar), farmhouse, farm, homestead, manse, manor, grange; yard, lawn. gås (-en, gäss), goose. gåt|a (-an, -or), riddle. gåtfullhet (-en), mystery. gåv|a (-an, -or), gift, present; talent, accomplishment; blessing. gäck (-en, -ar), fool. gäck|a (-ade, -at), to deceive, delude, mock, elude; to baffle, defeat, disappoint, thwart, fool. gäll|a (-de, -t), to mean; to amount to; to be in force; to be valid; to pass for; to be a question of. gängse, common, usual, traditional, accepted, customary. (Archaic form corresponding to gående, going, and gångbar, passing current.) gärna, fain, lief, willingly, well, gladly, readily. gäst (-en, -er), guest, stranger, visitor, sojourner. gö|da (-dde, -tt), to feed, fatten, batten; to glut (oneself). göm|ma (-de, -t), to hide, conceal; to contain. göra (gjorde, gjort), to do, make, accomplish, cause; to form. Göran, George. göromål (-en, —), employment, work, duties, business. göt (pret. of gjuta), shed, poured. Göteborg, Gothenburg. götisk, Gothic. Götiska förbundet, the Gothic Society.

H.

ha, ah, aha. hackelse (-t), chopped straw, chaff. Hades, Hades, the lower regions. hag|e (-en, -ar), enclosure, pasture. hagtorn (-en), hawthorn. hak|a (-an, -or), chin. halk|a (-an, -or), slippery place, icy slope. hall (-en, -ar), rock, slab, crag; commonly häll. halm (-en), straw. hals (-en, -ar), neck, throat. halt|a (-ade, -at), to halt, limp. halvsagd, half uttered, half pronounced. halvläten, half-eaten, partly consumed. ham, hamn (-en, -ar), phantom, ghost, wraith, specter. hamn (-en, -ar), haven, port; retreat. hamr|a (-ade, -at), to hammer, pound, strike, beat. han, he. hand (handen, händer), hand; poet., händren for händerna; efter hand, by degrees; till handa or hands, at hand, present; på egen hand, on one's own account. handel (-n), commerce, trade, business. handelstidning (-en, -ar), mercantile journal. handfull, handful. handgriplig, tangible. handl|a (-ade, -at), to act; to strive, handling (-en, -ar), document, paper; act, action. han|e (-en, -ar), cock, rooster; male. hans, his. hantering (-en, -ar), handling, manipulation. hantverks|man (-mannen, -män), artisan, workman. har|e (-en, -ar), hare, rabbit. harjakt (-en, -er), rabbit hunt. harm (-en), anger, mortification, indignation, vexation; injury, peril. harmoni (-en, -er), harmony. harp|a (-an, -or), harp. haschischrök (-en), hashish smoke, fumes. hast, haste, hurry, rapidity; i hast, i en hast, suddenly, of a sudden, in haste; med hast, quickly, hastily. hast|a (-ade, -at), to hasten, hurry. hastig, rapid, quick, sudden. hastigt, suddenly, at once, rapidly. hat (-et), hate, hatred. hatt (-en, -ar), hat. hav (-et, —), sea, ocean, main. hava (hade, haft), to have, own, possess. hed (-en, -ar), heath, field. heder (-n), honor, glory. hedersdag (-en, -ar), day of honor. hedersmåg (-en, -ar), favorite son-in-law. hel, whole, entire, all; i det stora hela, taken altogether, in the aggregate. hel|a (-ade, -at), to heal, cure, remedy; to make whole. helg|a (-ade, -at), to consecrate, sanctify, dedicate. helgad, sacred, sanctified, consecrated, dedicated, devoted. helgdagskjort|el (-eln, -lar), holiday dress, festive garb. helgedom (-en, -ar), sanctuary. helgemålsringning (-en), vesper bells just preceding Sunday or other church holiday. helgsmål, vespers before a holiday. helig, holy, sacred; def., heliga or helga. helikonsk, of Helicon, the mountain of Apollo and the Muses. hell, hail. hellen (-en, -er), Grecian. heller, either; ej heller, neither, nor. hellre, rather. helst, preferably, especially, rather. helt, wholly, entirely, fully, totally, quite; rather; very; helt visst, certainly, doubtless; helt och hållet, altogether, wholly, perfectly, totally; helt säkert, helt visst, very likely, most certainly. hem (-met, —), home, house. hembygd (-en, -er), native place; environments of one's birthplace. hemfärd (-en, -er), return home; journey or voyage homeward. hemför|a (-de, -t), to bring home. hemgård (-en, -ar), homestead. hem|komma (-kom, -kommit), to come home; to return (home). hemland (-et), home land, native country. hemlig, secret, hidden, surreptitious. hemligt, unawares, unbeknown. hemlighet (-en, -er), secret. hemlighetsfull, mysterious. hemlighetsfullhet (-en), secrecy, mysteriousness. hemliv (-et), home life, domestic life, family life. hemsk, grim, ghastly, weird, dismal, grewsome, awful, horrible; horrified. hemskt, horribly, grimly, awfully. hemtrevlig, homelike, homely, cozy. hemåt, homeward. hemö (-n), native isle. henne, her. hennes, her, hers. Henrik, Henry. Herakles, Hercules, Heracles. herd|e (-en, -ar), shepherd, herdsman; lover (in pastoral poetry). herdekväde (-t, -n), pastoral. herdinn|a (-an, -or), shepherdess; lady love (in pastoral and idyllic poetry). Hercules, Herkules, Hercules. herr, mister, sir. herravälde (-t), sovereignty, rule, sway, dominion. herr|e (-en, -ar), master, gentleman, lord. herre|man (-mannen, -män), gentleman, lord. Herren (Herran), the Lord. herrskap (-et, — or -er), couple, as, lord and lady, Mr. and Mrs.; a party of ladies and gentlemen. Herta, poet., Earth, Terra. Hesperien, Hesperia, The Western Land; esp. Italy, het, hot. heta (hette, hetat), to be named; jag heter, my name is; det heter, it is said. hetta (-n), heat. himlabarn (-et, —), child of heaven. himlaboren, heaven-born; of divine origin. himlaburen, heaven-born, divine, sublime. himlafärd (-en, -er), poet., heavenly course, orbit; commonly, ascension. himlaljus (-et, —), heavenly light. him|mel (-meln, -melen, or -len, -lar), heaven, sky. himmelsblå, sky-blue, heavenly blue. himmelsk, heavenly, divine, supernal. hind|er (-ret, —), obstacle, hindrance, barrier. hindr|a (-ade, -at), to hinder, prevent. hingst (-en, -ar), stallion. hinna (hann, hunnit), to reach; to acquire; to overtake; to have time; to gain, arrive at. hinsidan, on the other side, beyond. histori|a (-en, -er), history, story; pl., stories, tales; fig., nonsense. historieskrivare (-n, —), historian. historieverk (-et, —), historical work. hit, hither, here. hitt|a (-ade, -at), to find; hitta på, to stumble upon; to devise, discover. hittebarn (-et, —), foundling, orphan. hittills, hitherto. hjon (-et, —), helpmate; inmate, servant. hjord (-en, -ar), herd, flock. hjul (-et), wheel. hjälp|a (-te, -t; halp, hulpit), to help, aid, assist. hjälplös, helpless. hjälte (-en, -ar), hero. hjältedikt (-en, -er), heroic poem. hjältegestalt (-en, -er), heroic figure, hero. hjälteliv (-et), life of a hero, heroism. hjältesag|a (-an, -or), tale of a hero or of heroism, story of achievement. hjältesjäl (-en, -ar), heroic soul. hjältestam (-men), race of heroes. hjärn|a (-an, -or), brain, mind. hjärta (-t, -n), heart, soul, mind, spirit; breast, bosom. hjärtanskär, darling, sweetheart, beloved. hjärtblad (-et, —), seed leaf; cotyledon. hjärtelag (-et), heart, disposition, mood, mind, nature. hjärtinnerlig, extremely cordial. hjärtlig, hearty, cordial, sincere, heartfelt. hjärtligt, heartily, cordially. hjärtsjukdom (-en), affliction of the heart, heart disease. hjäss|a (-an, -or), crown, head, summit. ho, who; archaic for vem, vilken. holländare (-n, —), Hollander, Dutchman. Homer, Homeros, Homer. hon, she. honom, him. hop (-en, -ar), number, assemblage, multitude, crowd; heap, pile, lot, herd. hopp (-et), hope, expectation. hopp (-et, —), leap, jump. hopp|a (-ade, -at), to leap, jump, gambol, hop. hoppfull, hopeful, trustful, reliant. hopplös, hopeless. horn (-et, —), horn; drinking horn. hos, with, in, at, beside. hosianna(h), hosanna. hospital (-et, —), asylum, hospital. hot (-et), threat, peril, menace. hotande, threatening, forbidding. hotfull, threatening. hov (-et, —), court. hov (-en, -ar), hoof. hovliv (-et), court life. hov|man (-mannen, -män), courtier. hug (-en), mind, intent. hugn|a (-ade, -at), to cheer, comfort, gratify; to hearten. huld, dear, faithful, loyal, sweet, gracious, kind; hult, fondly, tenderly. huldr|a (-an, -or), fairy. huldremö (-n, -r), fairy. huldrik, gracious, merciful. humanistisk, humanistic. humanitet (-en), humanity, humaneness. huml|a (-an, -or), bumblebee. humor (-n), humor. hundbo (-et, -n), kennel; commonly, hundkoja. hundra (-det, — or -den), (one) hundred. hundramilad, of a hundred or hundreds of miles. hundratusen, a hundred thousand. hundraårig, centenary, century-old. hunger (-n), hunger. hungrig, hungry, starved. hur, huru, how. hurr|a (-ade, -at), to cheer, hurrah. hurtig, merry, jolly, bright, chipper; smart, brisk; active, hearty, alert, cheerful. hus (-et, —), house, building, structure; family. husbondfolk (-et), people of the household. husmanskost (-en), common food, homely fare. hustru (-n, -r), wife. huvud (-et, — or -en), head. huvudsakligast, chiefly, principally. huvudsakligen, chiefly, principally. huvud|stad (-staden, -städer), capital city, capital. huvudstadsliv (-et), metropolitan life; life in a capital. huvudstycke (-t, -n), chief thing; main subject, topic, article. hy (-n), complexion. hyacint (-en, -er), hyacinth. hydd|a (-an, -or), hut, cottage, cot, dwelling. hyll|a (-ade, -at), to pay homage to; to honor, hail; to recognize. hyllning (-en, -ar), homage, tribute. hyllningsgärd (-en, -er), homage, tribute of respect. hyls|a (-an, -or), sheath, hull, pod. hymn (-en, -er), hymn, air. hys|a (-te, -t), to contain; to house, shelter; to entertain. hå, oh; hå ja, oh well. håg (-en), mind, disposition; inclination. hålögd, hollow-eyed. håll (-et, —), direction, quarter. hålla (höll, hållit), to hold, keep, retain; to contain; to stand; to confine; to have; hålla sig vid, to abide by; hålla tal, to make an address; hålla upp, to hold on; to stop, cease. hån (-et), scorn, mockery, sneer. hån|a (-ade, -at), to mock, scorn; hånad, disgraced, inglorious. hånfull, sneering, scornful. hår (-et, —), hair. hård, hard, cruel, harsh; severe; furious. hårpung (-en, -ar), a net for confining the hair. hårstrå (-et, -n), hair. häck (-en, -ar), hedge. hädan, hence, away. hädangången, departed, deceased. häftig, vehement, violent, sudden. häftighet (-en), vehemence, violence, impetuosity. hägn (-et), shelter, protection, cover. hägn|a (-ade, -at), to shelter, protect. hälft (-en, -er), half; till hälften, half, partly. häll (-en, -ar), rock, ledge. hälsa (-n), health; strength. häls|a (-ade, -at), to hail, greet; to bear greeting; var hälsad, all hail, we greet thee. hälsobägar|e, -bägar (-en, -e), beaker of health. hälsodryck (-en, -er), wholesome beverage, elixir. hälsosam, wholesome, salubrious, healthful, healthy. hämm|a (-ade, -at), to check, confine, stem, suppress; to interfere with; to obstruct, retard, restrain, repress. hämmande, interfering, obstructive, repressive, restraining, retarding. hämnare (-n, —), avenger. hämn|as (-ades, -ats), to take revenge, to avenge; to repay (evil); also hämna sig. hämnd (-en), vengeance, revenge. hämt|a (-ade, -at), to gather, derive; fetch, bring. hän, away, off; ge sig hän, to yield oneself. hän|da (-de, -t), to happen, occur, come to pass. hänförd, enraptured, ecstatic, charmed, carried away; transcendent. hänförelse (-n), exaltation, enthusiasm. häng|a (-de, -t), to hang. hänryck|a (-te, -t), to enrapture, enchant, entrance. hänryckt, enchanted, enraptured, entranced, carried away, in ecstasy. hänseende (-t, -n), respect; i or med hänseende till, with respect to. häpen, astounded, shocked, astonished. häpn|a (-ade, -at), to be astonished, surprised, shocked. här (-en, -ar), army, host. här, here. härd (-en, -ar), hearth, fireside; forge. härefter, hereafter, from now on. härför, for this, of this. härj|a (-ade, -at), to waste, devastate, lay waste, ravage. härlig, glorious, grand, magnificent, sublime. härm|a (-ade, -at), to mock; to copy, imitate. härnad (-en), warfare; i härnad, (up) in arms. härsk|a (-ade, -at), to rule, reign, dominate, govern. härskande, ruling, prevailing, governing, predominant. härskar|a (-an, -or), host. härskare (-n, —), ruler, monarch. härskarvilj|a (-an, -or), sovereign will, will of the autocrat. härstamm|a (-ade, -at), to be descended; to derive one's origin; (of things), to be handed down. härvid, here, at this, at that. häröver, over this (matter), on this account, owing to this fact, on this subject. häst (-en, -ar), horse; till häst, on horseback, mounted; stiga till häst, to mount. hätt|a (-an, -or), cowl, hood. häv|a (-de or hov, -t), to heave; to raise; to hurl, throw. hävd (-en, -er), record, annals, history. hävd|a (-ade, -at), to vindicate, assert, support, enforce. hävdande (-t), maintenance, conservation, perpetuation; assertion. hävdatecknare (-n, —), historian, annalist, chronicler. hävdateckning (-en), historical writing. häx|a (-an, -or), witch, vixen. hö (-et), hay. hög, high, lofty; tall, stately, lordly. högbarmad, full-bosomed. högboren, highborn, noble. höghet (-en, -er), highness, loftiness. högmod (-et), pride, haughtiness. högmålsbrott (-et, —), treason, lese majesty. högskol|a (-an, -or), college. högsäte (-t, -n), high seat, seat of honor. högt, high, aloft, high up. högtid (-en, -er), festival, solemn occasion, festal day. högtidlighet (-en, -er), solemnity; solemn occasion, festivity. högtidskläder (no sg.), holiday attire. högtidssus (-et), solemn murmur. högtstrålande, effulgent. höj|a (-de, -t), to raise, elevate; to hold aloft. höjd (-en, -er), height, excelence; hill, eminence; på sin höjd, at most. höjdpunkt (-en, -er), acme, highest point. hölass (-et, —), load of hay. hölj|a (-de, -t), to cover, conceal; to heap upon, overwhelm. höns (-et, —), chicken. hörja (-de, -t), to hear, listen, hark; to learn; to listen to; to obey. hör|a (-de, -t), to belong; höra till, to belong to; to be part of; to be a member of. hörn (-et, —), corner, quarters. höst (-en, -ar), fall, autumn, harvest. höstkväll, höstekväll (-en, -ar), autumnal evening. höstlig, autumnal. hösttermin (-en, -er), fall term. höstrusk (-et), raw autumn weather, autumnal drizzle. höststorm (-en, -ar), autumnal storm. höstvind (-en, -ar), autumn wind. hötapp (-en, -ar), whisk of hay. höva (-n), need; över hövan, needlessly, to excess, more than what is right. höv|as (-des, -ts), to be proper, fit; to befit; to be in order. hövding (-en, -ar), chieftain. hövisk, courteous, respectful.

I.

i, in, into, to, at, of. I, you, ye. iakttagelseförmåga (-n), sense of observation. ibland, among, in, of; sometimes. icke, not. Idavallen, Norse mythol., the field or realm where dwelt the gods in primeval bliss. idé (-en or -n, -er), idea. ideal (-et, —), ideal, ideals. idédiktare (-n, —), idealistic poet. idel, all, nothing but; purely. idelig, repeated, renewed, incessant, continuous. idkare (-n, —), devotee, practitioner; artisan, craftsman. idrottsövning (-en, -ar), athletic sport. idyll (-en, -er), idyl; idyllic condition, charm or surroundings. idyllisk, idyllic. igen, again, back; left. igenom (genom), throughout, through. igår, yesterday. ihjäl, to death; slå ihjäl, to kill, slay. ihåg|komma (-kom, -kommit), to remember, bear in mind, recall, recognize. il (-en, -ar), gust, blast, rush (of wind). il|a (-ade, -at), to pass rapidly; to hasten, hurry, rush, dash. ilbud (-et, —), courier. illa, bad, badly, ill, disagreeably, horribly, detestably; låta illa, to sound bad; to make an ugly, frightful or hideous noise; böla illa, to bellow dreadfully; ta illa (upp), to take amiss. immig, vapory, misty. in, in; in i or ini, into, inside, within. inbillning (-en, -ar), imagination, fancy. inbrytande (-t), advent. inbrän|na (-de, -t), to impress, brand. indisk, Indian, Hindu. individuell, individual, personal. indräktig, remunerative, lucrative, well paid, high-salaried. in|falla (-föll, -fallit), to fall within. inflytande (-t, -n), influence. inflytt|a (-ade, -at), to immigrate; to move in. informator (-n, -er), private teacher, tutor. informatorsbefattning (-en, -ar), tutorship. informatorsplats (-en, -er), tutorship, situation as private teacher. inför|a (-de, -t), to introduce, bring in. ingalunda, not, not at all, by no means. ingen, no, no one, none. ingendera, neither. ingenjör (-en, -er), civil engineer. ingenting (ingen ting), nothing, nought. ingrediens (-en, -er), ingredient. in|gå (-gick, -gått), to enter, go in. inhemsk, domestic. inle|da (-dde, -tt), to open, begin, start; to introduce; to head. inledningssång (-en, -er), introductory song. inländsk, domestic, national. innan (innanför), inside. innan, before. inne, in, at hand, here. inne|hava (-hade, -haft), to own, possess (property); to administer, hold (office). innehåll (-et), contents. innehållslöshet (-en), emptiness, lack of contents. innerlig, intimate, cordial; deep; ardent, fervent, sincere; intense. innerlighet (-en), sincerity, ardor, fervor, intensity, intimacy. innerst, innermost; within, inwardly. inre, inner, interior, mental. inrikes, domestic. insats (-en, -er), contribution, share, stake. insiktsfull, discerning, intelligent. in|skriva (-skrev, -skrivit), to enroll, register; inskriva sig, to have oneself enrolled. inskränk|a (-te, -t), to limit; to confine. in|taga (-tog, -tagit), to take, assume; to occupy. intagande, captivating, pleasing. intendent (-en, -er), director; commissioner. intet, nothing, no, not. intill, unto, until, up to. intim, intimate, thorough, close. intresse (-t, -n), interest. intresserad, interested. intryck (-et, —), impression, influence. inträ|da (-dde, -tt), to enter. inunder, under, beneath. inuti, within, inside. inval (-et, —), election. inveckl|a (-ade, -at), to involve, entangle, bewilder; to wrap, enclose. in|välja (-valde, -valt), to elect; to admit to membership. irr|a (-ade, -at), to roam, wander. is (-en, -ar), ice. isgrå, icy gray. isländsk, Icelandic. isoler|a (-ade, -at), to isolate; to shut in, off; to seclude, segregate. Italien, Italy. Ithaka, Ithaca, Ionian island; also its main city. itu, in two, to pieces, apart.

J.

ja, yes, ay, yea. jag, I; jaget, the ego, self, min lilla jag, my dear little self. jag|a (-ade, -at), to chase, hunt; to drive. Jakob, Jacob, James. januari, January. jo, yes, aye, yea; jo jo, indeed, sure enough. Johan, John. jollrande, babbling, chattering, prattling. Jonte, Johnny. jord (-en, -ar), earth, globe, world; soil, sod. jordfäst|a (-ade, -at; -e, —), to bury, inter. jordfästning (-en, -ar), interment. jordgubb|e (-en, -ar), strawberry. jordisk, earthly, mundane, worldly. ju, why, well, indeed, certainly, of course, as you know. jub|el (-let), jubilee, exultation, rejoicing. jubeldag (-en, -ar), day of jubilee, day of triumph. Jubeltal (-et, —), jubilee address. jublande, jubilant. Juda, Judah, the Jewish nation. judesläkt (-en, -er), Jewish family. juletyst, quiet as at Christmas. julsång (-en, -er), Christmas song or carol. jungfru (-n, -r), maiden, young woman; maid; virgin; Jungfru Maria, the Virgin Mary. juridisk, juridical, pertaining to law or jurisprudence. just, just. juvelskrin (-et, —), jewelry box, box of jewels. jägare (-n, —), huntsman. jämnställdhet (-en), equality, parity. jämk|a (-ade, -at), to level, smooth, adjust, arrange. jämn, level, even, smooth. jämnad, leveled, razed, overthrown. jämnan; för jämnan, constantly, all the time. jämnmått (-et, —), even measure, average pace. jämväl, also, furthermore. jänk (-et), adjustment, arrangement, tucking, pressing, (cf. jämka). jänt|a (-an, -or), lass. järn (-et, —), iron; fetters, chains. järnbruk (-et, —), iron works. järnhård, rigid, hard as steel. järnmängd, mixed with iron, ore-bearing. järnväg (-en, -ar), railway. jäsande, fermenting, foaming. jätt|e (-en, -ar), giant. Jöns, Johnny, Jeems. Jöran, George.

K.

kaffe (-t), coffee. kaftan (-en, -er), caftan; clergyman's gown or frock. kainsmärke (-t, -n), mark of Cain, stigma of sin or crime. kal, barren. kalas (-et, — or -er), dinner party, feast, spread, party, banquet. kalkon (-en, -er), turkey. kall (-et, —), calling, office, profession. kall, cold, frigid, cool, chilly. kalla (-ade, -at), to call, name; to appoint; kalla ned, nedkalla, to invoke. kallna (-ade, -at), to cool, grow cold. Kalmar, Calmar. kalv (-en, -ar), calf. kam (-men, -mar), ridge, crest. kam|mare (-maren, -rar or —), chamber, room. kammarkollegi|um (-et, -er), land revenue department. kamp (-en), fight, battle, combat, struggle, strife; contest, match; debate, discussion; controversy. kamrat (-en, -er), comrade, fellow, playmate, chum; associate. kamrerare (-n, —), or kamrer (-en, -er), accountant, cashier, clerk. kanhända, perhaps, possibly, perchance. kann|a (-an, -or), tankard. kanske, perhaps, perchance, possibly, maybe. kansliråd (-et, —), secretary (in the chancery department or other government office). kant (-en, -er), border, quarter, direction, rim. kant|a (-ade, -at), to line, edge. kaos, chaos. kapitäl (-en, -er), capital, letter, initial; commonly capital (of column, pillar). kaplan (-en, -er), chaplain, ordinary. karakteristisk, characteristic. karbin (-en, -er), carbine. karl (-en, -n, -ar), man. Karl, Charles, Carl; Karlar the Charleses. Karl XII, Charles XII. Karlstadstidningen, The Karlstad News. Karo, common name for a dog, as Rover, Fido, etc. karolin (-en, -er), Carolinian, spec., soldier of Charles XII., veteran of the army of Charles XII. Karon, Charon, mythological ferryman of the river Styx. kast|a (-ade, -at), to throw; to pitch or roll (in games). katt (-en, -er), cat. kedjad, chained, fettered. Kerameikos, Cerameicus, the Potters' Quarter in Athens. kerub (-en, -er), cherub, angel. kid (-et, —), kid. Kimon, Cimon, Athenian commander. kind (-en, -er), cheek. kinesisk, Chinese. kist|a (-an, -or), casket, coffin. kist(e)lock (-et, —), coffin lid, cover of casket. kiv (-et, —), wrangle, quarrel. kiv|a (-ade, -at), to quarrel; to quibble, wrangle; commonly kivas. kjol (-en, -ar), skirt, gown, flounces. kjort|el (-eln, -lar), kirtle, skirt, robe, gown. klag|a (-ade, -at), to complain, lament, grumble; klaga an (anklaga), to accuse. klagan, complaint, lamentation, plaint. klagande, plaintive, pitiful. klandr|a (-ade, -at), to censure, reproach, blame, condemn, denounce, criticise; to complain of; to find fault with. klang (-en, -ar), ring, sound, tone, peal, tinkle. klangdag (-en, -ar), gala day; pl. palmy days. klangfull, ringing, resonant, melodious, musical, sonorous. klapp|a (-ade, -at), to strike together; to pat; to beat, throb; klappa i händerna, to applaud. klappande (-t), clapping (of hands), applause, patter, rapping. klar, clear, bright. Klara, St. Clara church or parish. klarhet (-en, -er), clearness, lucidity. klarn|a (-ade, -at), to clear, grow clear; to brighten. klas|e (-en, -ar), cluster. klassicitet (-en), classicism. klassisk, classical. klenät (-et, —), butter cooky, a crisp cooky shaped in a form and fried in lard. klimat (-et, — or -er), climate, clime. kling|a (-ade, -at), to sound, ring, jingle, tinkle, chink. klipp|a (-an, -or), rock, crag, cliff. klock|a (-an, -or), clock, time-piece; bell. klok, sane, wise. klokskap (-en), wisdom, prudence. klost|er (-ret, —), convent, cloister, monastery. klostercell (-en, -er), convent chamber. klosterglugg (-en, -ar), convent wicket; aperture or loophole in a convent wall. klot (-et, —), globe, ball, orb. klubb (-en, -ar), club. klyft|a (-an, -or), chasm, cleft. kläck|a (-te, -t), to hatch. klä|da (-dde, -tt), to clothe, array, dress, garb; to cover. klädd, dressed, clothed. kläde (-t, -n), cloth. kläden (kläderna), garments. klädnad (-en, -er), clothing, raiment, garb. klänningsstycke (-t, -n), piece of dress goods. klöver (-n), clover. klöverång|a (-an, -or), scent of clover. knall (-en, -ar), crash, crack, clap, peal; report. knapp, meager, sparse, brief. knappast, scarcely, hardly, barely. knarr|a (-ade, -at), to creak; to make a grating or jarring sound. knarrig, crabbed, grumpy, gruff, crusty. kniv (-en, -ar), knife, carving knife. knopp (-en, -ar), bud. knopp|as (-ades, -ats), to bud. knoppningstid (-en, -er), budding time. knot (-et), rage, wrath; murmur. knyst|a (-ade, -at or knyste, knyst), to make a sound; to say a word; to grumble. knyta (knöt, knutit), to tie, bind; to pledge; knyta bekantskap, to form acquaintance. knä (-et, -n), knee, lap. knäck|a (-te, -t), to crack, snap, break. knäckepil (-en, -ar), a species of willow. ko (-n, -r), cow. kodex (-en), codex, code. koj|a (-an, -or), cot, cottage, hut. kokvett (-et), knowledge of cooking. kolera (-n), cholera. kolleg|a (-an, -er), colleague; fellow, compeer. kolonn (-en, -er), column. kolonnad (-en, -er), colonnade. komma (kom, kommit), to come; to happen; to arrive, appear; to cause. kompani (-et, -er), company, party, consorts. komplimenter|a (-ade, -at), to pay compliments (to). kompositör (-en, -er), composer. konsekvens (-en, -er), consequence; consistency. konservativ, conservative. konst (-en, -er), art, skill, fine art. konstfull, artistic, skillful. konstförfaren, skillful, expert. konsthandel (-n), art store. konsthistori|a (-en), history of art. konstlös, artless, simple, natural, plain. konstnär (-en, -er), artist. konstnärlig, artistic. konstnärsstudi|um (-et, -er), study of art, spec. in pl., studies for an artist's career. konung (-en, -ar), king. konungabarn (-et, —), child of the king. konungapar (-et, —), Their Royal Majesties; the king and queen; the royal pair. konungastol (-en, -ar), royal throne. koppar (-n), copper. kopp|el (-let, —), leash. kor|a (-ade, -at), to choose, select. korg (-en, -ar), basket. kornblå, blue as a cornflower. korndrällsduk (-en, -ar), diapered table cloth of dotted pattern. korporation (-en, -er), organization, association. kors (-et, —), cross; as expletive, heavens, my, gracious, mercy, zounds; kors och tvärs, criss-cross, this way and that. kors|as (-ades, -ats), to be crossed. korsett (-en, -er), corset; an outer garment resembling a corset. korsfararsag|a (-an, -or), tale or legend of the Crusaders. korslagd, crossed. kort, short, brief; shortly, briefly; inom kort, soon, shortly. korv (-en, -ar), sausage. korybantisk, Corybantic, pertaining to or like the orgiastic rites and revels of the priests of Cybele. kos|a (-an, -or), course, way. kost|a (-ade, -at), to cost. kraft (-en, -er), force, power. kraftig, strong, lusty, powerful, forcible; substantial, pithy, marrowy. kraftkänsl|a (-an, -or), consciousness of power. kraftödande, enervating, debilitating, demoralizing, exhausting. krag|e (-en, -ar), collar, neckband. krams (-et, —), little of everything, what not; commonly krimskrams. krans (-en, -ar), wreath, garland. krans|a (-ade, -at), to wreathe; to deck with flowers; to encircle. kras (-et), crash; a crackling or crunching sound; i kras, to pieces; in or to fragments, atoms, flinders, smithereens. krav (-et, —), craving, urge. krax|a (-ade, -at), to caw. kreatur (-et, —), creature; collective, nature. Kresus, Krösus, Croesus; Kreser, sons of Croesus. krets (-en, -ar), circle; society, environment; blånande krets, blue vault or arch. krig (-et, —), war, warfare. krigande, warring, warlike. krigarhymn (-en, -er), war song, martial air. krigsakademi (-en, -n, -er), military academy. kring, about, around, in. kris (-en, -er), crisis. kristallren, pure as crystal; crystalline. kristen (kristna), Christian. kristlig, Christian. Kristus, Christ. kritik (-en), criticism. kritisk, critical. krokig, crooked. kron|a (-an, -or), crown; top, apex, summit. kronofogdekontor (-et, —), office of high-bailiff. kronprins (-en, -ar), crown prince. kropp (-en, -ar), body. kross|a (-ade, -at), to crush. krubb|a (-an, -or), manger. kruk|a (-an, -or), pot, pitcher, jar. krumm|a (-ade, -at), to caper, strut, gambol, frisk; to cut capers; (of horses) to curvet; modern form, kråma sig, lit., to arch one's neck. krus (-et), strained courtesy, ceremony; buga och krusa, to bow and scrape. krydd|a (-ade, -at), to season, spice. kryddad, spicy, aromatic. krypa (kröp, krupit), to creep, crawl; to hide, sneak. kryst|a (-ade, -at; -t, —), to strain, squeeze. krång|el (-let), trouble, difficulty; quibbling; circumstance. kräft|a (-an), cancer. krämare (-n, —), merchant, merchantman. kränk|a (-te, -t), to violate, infringe, break. krök|a (-te, -t), to bend, bow; krökt, bent, stooping, krön|a (-te, -t), to crown; to cap. kulen, chilly, cool. kull|a (-an, -or), girl, lass, esp. a girl of the province of Dalarna, Sweden. kull|e (-en, -ar), mound, hill, barrow. kultur (-en, -er), culture. kulturhistori|a (-en), history of civilization. kulturhistorisk, pertaining to the history of culture. kulturström (-men, -mar), culture, (lit., stream or flood of culture); drift of civilization. kum|mel (-let, —), burial mound, cairn. kung (-en, -ar), king; king pin (in a game of bowling). kungaborg (-en, -ar), royal palace. kunga|stad (-staden, -städer), royal city, capital. kungastol (-en, -ar), throne, royal seat. kunglig, royal. kungssorg (-en), national mourning; a nation in mourning. kunna (kunde, kunnat), to be able (to); to know how (to); to know. kunskapstörst (-en), thirst for knowledge. kupol (-en, -er), cupola, dome. kurs (-en, -er), course. kust (-en, -er), coast, shore. kval (-et, —), agony, pang, torment, throes, anguish, sufferings. kvalmig, stifling, suffocating, close, stuffy. kvantitet (-en, -er), quantity. kvar, remaining, left. kvarn (-en, -ar), mill, water wheel; toy mill wheel. kvick, witty, brilliant. kvickhet (-en, -er), wit, brilliancy, jest, witticism. kvi|da (-dde, -dit), to complain, lament; to whimper, wail. kvidan, moaning. kvig|a (-an, -or), heifer. kvinn|a (-an, -or), woman, female. kvinnlig, womanly, feminine. kvinnoand|e (-en, -ar), womanly spirit; woman's soul. kvist (-en, -ar), twig, branch, limb; knot (in wood). kvitt, rid of, free from. kvitt|er (-ret), chirp, twitter. kvittr|a (-ade, -at), to twitter, chirp. kvä|da (-dde, -tt), to sing; to praise. kväde (-t, -n), song, ditty, poem. kväll (-en, -ar), evening. kväll|a (-de, -t), to well up, burst forth, spring forth. kvällsdimm|a (-an, -or), evening fog, mist of twilight. kvällsus (-et), vesper murmur, soughing of the evening breeze. kvälltung, drowsy, hazy. kväv|a (-de, -t), to stifle, suffocate; to muffle, subdue; to control; to thwart. kyckling (-en, -ar), chicken, spring chicken. kylig, cool, chilly; frigid, refreshing. kyll|er (-ret, —), buff jerkin, leather jerkin. kyrkglugg (-en, -ar), aperture in church belfry. kyrkherrgård (-en, -ar), parsonage. kyrkogård (-en, -ar), churchyard, cemetery. kyrkoherd|e (-en, -ar), rector, parson. kyrk(o)torn (-et, —), church steeple. kyss (-en, -ar), kiss. kyss|a (-te, -t), to kiss. kål (-en), cabbage, kale. kåp|a (-an, -or), cloak. kåsör (-en, -er), causerie Writer, writer of literary chat. käck, bright, lively, spirited; gallant; brisk. käckhet (-en), boldness, dash, intrepidity, audacity. kägelspel (-et, —), game of bowling or tenpins. käll|a (-an, -or), spring, well, source, fountain. källarstug|a (-an, -or), inn, tavern, taproom. kämp|a (-ade, -at), to fight, battle, struggle. kämp|e (-en, -ar), warrior, hero; champion. känd, known, familiar, acquainted, notable. kän|na (-de, -t), to feel; to know, be acquainted or familiar with; to experience; to be conscious of. känneteckn|a (ade, -at), to characterize, mark, distinguish. känning (-en, -ar), experience, feeling. känsl|a (-an, -or), feeling, sentiment, sensation, sense. känslig, sensitive. känsloglöd (-en), warmth of feeling. känsloliv (-et), inner life, soul life, sentiments. känslostämning (-en, -ar), strain of sentiment. känsloutbrott (-et, —), sentimentality, effusiveness. käpp (-en, -ar), cane, walking-stick, cudgel, rod. kär, dear, beloved, enamored. kärlek (-en), love, infatuation; charity; passion. kärleksdomnad, grown faint or silent with love. kärleksfull, loving, affectionate, tender. kärleks|natt (-natten, -nätter), night of love. kärlekssag|a (-an, -or), love story, love affair, affair of the heart. kärleksvis|a (-an, -or), love song. kärlighet (-en), fondness, affection, love, tenderness, amorousness. kärn|a (-an, -or), kernel, pit, meat. kärv|e (-en, -ar), sheaf. kärvhet (-en), ruggedness, austerity. kök (-et, —), kitchen. köld (-en), coldness, frigidity, cold, coolness. kön (-et, —), sex; tribe, kind. köp (-et, —), purchase; till på köpet, in addition, in the bargain, to boot; furthermore. köp|a (-te, -t), to buy, purchase, barter. kör (-en, -er), chorus; choir. kör|a (-de, -t), to drive.

L.

lack|a (-ade, -at), to drip; lacka hän, to drop off; to draw nigh. lad|a (-an, -or), barn. laddning (-en, -ar), lading, cargo. lad(u)gårdsdörr (-en, -ar), barn door. lag (-en, -ar), law, rule, statute. lag (-et, —), company, party, set, circle, crowd. lag|er (-ern, -rar), laurel, laurel wreath. lagerlund (-en, -ar, -er), laurel grove. lag|man (-mannen, -män), lawman, counselor for the people. lagrad, laureled. lamm (-et, —), lamb. lamp|a (-an, -or), lamp. land (-et, — or länder), country, land. land|a (-ade, -at), to land; to alight, settle. landgång (-en, -ar), landing; usually landstigning in verbal sense. landsflykt (-en), exile. landskap (-et, —), landscape; region. landsmanskap (-et), compatriotism; spec., fellowship in the matter of being born in the same province. landsort (-en), country. landsväg (-en, -ar), public highway, country road. lans (-en, -ar), lance. lantbruksakademi (-en, -er), Academy of Agriculture, agricultural institute. lantlig, rural, rustic. lantställe (-t, -n), country place. lantvärn (-et, —), militia, national guard. larm (-et), roar, din, noise. larmtrumm|a (-an, -or), signal drum. larv (-en, -er), mask, phantom, ghost, ghoul. lass (-et, —), load. last (-en, -er), vice; load, burden, cargo. last|a (-ade, -at), to blame, charge, accuse, find fault with; to load, burden. latinsk, Latin. le (log, lett), to smile, beam. led (-en, -er), road, path. led (-et, -er or —), rank; generation; joint, member. le|da (-dde, -tt), to lead, direct; to bring, to derive; to trace. ledig, unoccupied, vacant; off duty, free; easy; lediga stunder, leisure moments or hours, leisure time. ledsn|a (-ade, -at), to grow weary, tired; to be saddened. ledsven (-nen, -ner), guide. legion (-en, -er), legion. lejon (-et, —), lion. lejonman (-en, -ar), lion's mane. lek (-en, -ar), play, game, pastime, sport. lek|a (-te, -t), to play, gambol, sport, make merry. lekande, merry, jolly, joyful, playful. lekar|e (-en, —), player, musician. lekbror, playmate, comrade. lekkamrat (-en, -er), playmate. lem (-men, -mar), limb. ler (-et), ler|a (-an, -or), clay. let|a (-ade, -at), to search, seek; to hunt for; leta sig väg, to find one's way. Lethe, Lethe, mythological river. Leukas (Leukadia), Leucadia. lev|a (-de, -t), to live; to exist; leva upp, to revive. levande, living, live, alive, animate; allt levande, all living things. levnad (-en), life, career. levnadsbeslut (-et), resolution of life. levnadsdag (-en, -ar), life, span of life, temporal life. levnadstrött, weary of life, degenerate. li|a, li|e (-an, -en, -ar), scythe. liberal, liberal. liberalism (-en), liberalism. licentiatexam|en (-en, -ina), university examination for the degree preceding the doctoral degree. lid (-en, -er), slope, hillside, incline. lida (led, lidit), to suffer, endure; to tolerate. lida (led, lidit), to pass. lidande (-t, -n), suffering, affliction, pain. lidelse (-n, -r), passion, fervor. lidelsefull, impassioned, inflammable. li|e (-en, -ar), scythe; poet., lia. ligga (låg, legat), to lie; to be situated. lik (-et, —), corpse, dead body. lika, as, so, just as, just so, like, similar, identical, alike, equal; lika gott, no matter; very well, well and good; well, never mind; lika litet, as little; no more. likafullt, nevertheless. likaså, so also; just as. lik|e (-en, -ar), like, peer, equal. likgiltig, indifferent. liklukt (-en), smell of the mortuary, pestiferous air. likn|a (-ade, -at), to be like; to resemble; to liken, compare. liksom, like, as, just as; liksom ock, as also, just like. likströdd, covered with corpses. liktåg (-et, —), funeral procession. likväl, likaväl, yet, however, though, nevertheless, notwithstanding. lilj|a (-an, -or), lily. liljeklock|a (-an, -or), lily bell, lily cap or chalice. lilla, little. lind (-en, -ar), linden, basswood tree. lindansarmöd|a (-an, -or), acrobatics. lindr|a (-ade, -at), to soothe, relieve, assuage, alleviate; to lighten. lindrig, gentle, moderate, temperate, lenient, balmy. lindring (-en), relief, alleviation, solace, comfort, abatement. lingonlindad, entwined with whortleberry leaves. linjerenhet (-en), clearness of outline or contour. linne (-t, -n), linen. list (-en), deception, stealth, treachery, artifice, trick, device, cunning, guile, stratagem. litani (litania), litany. litani|a (-an, -or), litany. litet, little, a little. litteratur (-en), literature. litteraturanmälare (-n, —), literary reviewer. litteraturforskare (-n, —), scholar; literary critic. litteraturhistori|a (-en, -er), history of literature. litterär, literary. liv (-et, —), life, lifetime; soul. liv|a (-ade, -at), to enliven. livegenskap (-en), bondage, servitude. livlig, lively, alive, animated, lifelike, vivid; enthusiastic; livligt, vividly. livsberusning (-en), quality of being infatuated with life; lit., life-intoxication. livserfarenhet (-en, -er), experience of life. livsglädje (-n), joy of life. livskraft (-en, -er), vital force, vitality, energy. livstråd (-en, -ar), thread of life. livsåskådning (-en, -ar), view of life, conception of life. ljud (-et, —), sound. ljuda (ljöd, ljudit), to sound, ring. ljudande, sounding, ringing, sonorous. ljudharmoni (-en, -er), harmony of sounds. ljudlös, noiseless, silent. ljuga (ljög, ljugit), to lie, fib. ljummande, growing warm. ljungbevuxen, overgrown with heather, heathery. ljus (-et, —), light; candle. ljus, light, bright, brilliant; fair. ljusblå, light blue. ljusn|a (-ade, -at), to brighten, grow light. ljusnande, brightening, growing light, dawning. ljussken (-et, —), gleam of light, light, candle light. ljuv, sweet, delightful, blissful, beautiful; tender, soft. ljuvlig, delightful, charming, sweet. lock (-en, -ar), lock, tresses, hair. lock (-et, —), lid, cover. lock|a (-ade, -at), to induce, entice, lure, tempt, persuade; call, beckon. lod (-et, —), bullet, ball. loft (-et, —), loft; hall; höga loft, lofty halls. lopp (-et, —), course, way; career; journey (of life). loss|a (-ade, -at), to release, set free; to loosen. lott (-en, -er), lot, share, portion; draga, kasta lott, to draw lot; to cast the die. lov (-et), permission. lov|a (-ade, -at), to promise. lov|a (-ade, -at), to praise, extol. Lovisa, Louise. lovsång (-en, -er), song or hymn of praise. Lucifer, Lucifer, light-bringer. luck|a (-an, -or), opening; trapdoor. luden, shaggy, hairy. luft (-en), air, atmosphere, wind. luftig, airy, aerial. luftsprång (-et, —), airy leap. lugn (-et), quiet, tranquillity, peace of mind. lugn|a (-ade, -at), to pacify, appease; to soothe; to satisfy. lukt (-en), smell, scent, odor. lumpenhet (-en), sordidness, meanness, paltriness. lund (-en, -ar or -er), grove. lungsjukdom (-en, -ar), disease of the lungs, consumption. lunk (-en), slow trot, jog. lunk|a (-ade, -at), to jog along; to trot. lur (-en, -ar), horn, speaking trumpet, trumpet. lurande, lurking. lust (-en), pleasure, joy; passion; enjoyment. lusteld (-en, -ar), bonfire. lustgård (-en, -ar), paradise, Eden. lustig, pleasant, merry, jolly, lusty. lustvandr|a (-ade, -at), to rove, saunter; to stroll (for pleasure); to wander idly. lut (-en), lye (solved in water). lut|a (-an, -or), lute. lut|a (-ade, -at), to bend, lean; luta sig, to stoop, lean, bend. lux (L.), light. lyck|a (-an), luck, fortune, blessing; till all lycka, fortunately. lyck|as (-ades, -ats), to succeed; to turn out well; to be fortunate. lycklig, happy, fortunate, blissful, blessed. lyckosam, fortunate. lycksalighet (-en), bliss, happiness, perfect bliss. ly|da (-dde, -tt), to obey; to bow to, accede to; to follow; to observe. lydig, obedient. lydnad (-en), obedience, subordination. lyft|a (-ade, -at; lyfte, lyft), to lift, raise, elevate. lykt|a (-ade, -at), to end, finish, close. lynne (-t, -n), mood, temperament. lynnesdrag (-et, —), characteristic, mark of character. lyr|a (-an, -or), lyre. lyr|a (-an, -or), fly (in the game of ball). lyrik (-en), lyrics, lyric poetry. lyriker (-n, —), lyric poet, lyrist. lyrisk, lyrical. lys|a (-te, -t), to shine, beam, blaze, glow; to make a display. lysande, brilliant, illustrious. lyss (lyssna), listen. lyssn|a (-ade, -at), to listen, pay attention, hearken. lyssnande, listening, alert, attentive. låg, low, base, mean, inferior, deep. låg|a, låg|e (-an, -en, -or), flame, fire, blaze. låg|a (-ade, -at), to flame, sparkle; to burn. lån (-et, —), loan, gift. lån|a (-ade, -at; -te, -t), to lend, borrow. lång, long. långkoft, långkoft|a (-an, -or), long jacket, basque, sacque; a garment worn over the gown. långsam, slow. långt, far; långt ifrån, far away, from afar. långvarig, long, abiding, enduring, lasting. lånt (lånad), borrowed, produced, copied. lås (-et, —; -en, -ar), lock, latch. låt (-en, -ar), tone, sound. låta (lät, låtit), to let, permit, allow; to have (some one do); to cause (something to be done). läcker, delicious, appetizing. läd|er (-ret, —), leather. läg|er (-ret, —), camp, group, circle. lägerbål (-et, —), campfire. lägga (lade, lagt), to lay, put, place; lägga av, to put off, discard; lägga i dagen (ådagalägga), to show, reveal, disclose, display; lägga för, to serve at table. läggning (-en), disposition, nature, temperament. lägre, lower, meaner, lesser. läkedom, läkdom (-en), cure, healing, remedy. lämn|a (-ade, -at), to leave; to depart from; to give. län|da (-de, -t), poet., to go, wend. länge, long, for a long time. längesedan, long ago. längesen, long ago; since far back, for a long time past. längre, longer, further. längs, along, alongside of. längst, longest, farthest. längt|a (-ade, -at), to long, yearn; to desire ardently. längtan, longing, yearning. längtanstid (-en, -er), time of longing. läpp (-en, -ar), lip. lär|a (-an, -or), doctrine, teaching. lär|a (-de, -t), to learn; to teach, instruct. lärare (-n, —), instructor, teacher, tutor. lärd, learned, taught, educated; classical. lärd, savant, man of learning. lärdom (-en, -ar), learning, scholarship; knowledge. lärk|a (-an, -or), lark. lärksång (-en, -er), song of the lark. lärodikt (-en, -er), didactic poem. lärospån, achievement, first trial or experience. lärostrid (-en, -er), doctrinal controversy. läs|a (-te, -t), to read; to study; to pursue studies. läsare (-n, —), reader. läslig, plain, legible. läslust (-en), taste for reading. läspande (-t), lisp, lisping. läte (-t, -n), sound, note; noise (esp. disagreeable). lätt, light, easy; airy. lättja (-n), ease, languor, idleness, indolence. lättro (lättrogenhet), credulity, gullibility. läx|a (-an, -or), lesson. löddrig, foaming. löfte (-t, -n), promise, pledge. löftesrik, promising, rich in promise. lögn (-en, -er), lie, falsehood, untruth. löje (-t, -n), smile, laughter, merriment; derision; pleasantry, amusement. löjlig, laughable, ridiculous, foolish, comical, droll, ludicrous. lömsk, insidious, treacherous. lön (-en, -er), reward, pay, wages. lönande, paying, remunerative. lön|as (-ades, -ats), to be paid, compensated. lönn (-en, -ar), maple. löp|a (-te, -t; lopp, lupit), to run, scurry, hurry. lös, loose; elden är lös, there is a fire. lös|a (-te, -t), to loosen; to dissolve, sever; to remove; lösa upp, opp, to dissolve, change, transform. lösskummad, skimmed off. löv (-et, —), leaf, foliage. lövig, leafy. lövsal (-en, -ar), arbor, bower.

M.

mager, lean, gaunt, ill-fed, thin; meager, slender, dry, spare. magiskt, magical, as by magic, mysteriously. magisterpromotion (-en, -er), conferring of doctors' degrees, laureation. maj, May. majestät (-et), majesty, grandeur; pl. majestäter, used of persons only, as, deras mäjestater, Their Royal Majesties. majfält (-et, —), flowery field. majsfält (-et, —), cornfield. majsky (-n, -ar), cloud of spring. mak (-et, —), room, quarters, apartment; usually gemak. mak|e, mak|a (-en, -an, -ar), mate, spouse; husband; wife. makt (-en, -er), power, might, force. malm (-en, -er), ore, metal. malmklang (-en), metallic ring. man (-nen, män or —, poet. männer), man, male. man (-en, -ar), mane. man, one, you, they, people, a person. man|a (-ade, -at), to prompt, summon; to advise, notify, warn. mandelblom (-men, coll. pl.), almond blossom. mandelblomm|a (-an, -or), almond flower. mandeldoft (-en, -et, -er), scent of almonds. mangrant, generally, fully represented, one and all. maning (-en, -ar), exhortation, challenge, summons. manlig, manly, heroic, bold, brave, strong. manlighet (-en), manliness. manligt, manly, firmly, bravely, powerfully. mant|el (-eln, -lar), mantle. manuskript (-et, —), manuscript. Maraton, Marathon. Maria, Mary. Marjo, old form of Maria, Mary. mark (-en, -er), ground, field. marmor (-n), marble. marmorsval, cool as marble. marskväll (-en, -ar), March evening. mask (-en, -ar), worm. maskinrum (-met, —), machine room. mass|a (-an, -or), mass, quantity; multitude, populace. mat (-en), food, viands. mat|a (-ade, -at), to feed. materi|a (-en), matter. mat|mor, mat|moder (-modern, -mödrar), mistress, matron. matron|a (-an, -or), matron. matt, faint, weak, feeble, dull. matt|a (-ade, -at), to dull; to weaken; to enfeeble. mattgrå, dull gray, drab. med, with, by, by means of, for; along, present; från och med, from and including; med mera, and so forth, abbrev. m.m., etc.; med och mot, for and against. medan, while. medarbetare (-n, —), co-worker; contributor or associate editor. medarbetersk|a (-an, -or), (female) co-worker, associate, assistant. medborgerlig, civil, civic. meddel|a (-ade, -at), to quote, reproduce; to give, offer. med|el (-let, —), means, factor, instrument, remedy. medelpunkt (-en), central point, center. medeltid (-en), the Middle Ages. medfödd, inborn, innate. medför|a (-de, -t), to entail, involve; to carry with (it). medgång (-en), fortune, success, prosperity; luck. medkänsl|a (-an, -or), sympathy, compassion. medlem (-men, -mar), member. medredaktör (-en, -er), associate editor. medveten, conscious. medvetslös, unconscious, insensible. melankolisk, melancholy, gloomy, brooding, moody. mellan (emellan), between, among. melodi (-en, -er), melody, strain. melodisk, melodious. men, but, yet, nevertheless. men|a (-ade, -at; -te, -t), to mean, think; to say. menighet (-en, -er), people, commonalty. mening (-en, -ar), meaning, sense, import, interpretation; opinion, tenet, teaching, theory; sentence. meningsfrände (-n, -r), adherent, follower, sympathizer; one of a number holding identical views. meningslös, vague, meaningless, senseless, worthless, insignificant. menlöshet (-en), innocence. mer, mera, more; again; another; longer; else. mest, most, mostly; almost. mestadels, mostly, principally, chiefly, largely. mi, dialect form of min, my. middagsbesök (-et, —), noon-day visit, visit for dinner. middagsstund (-en, -er), dinner hour, dinner time, noon hour. Midgård, the realm of humanity in Norse mythology. midj|a (-an, -or), waist. midnattsklock|a (-an, -or), midnight bell. midnattssol (-en), midnight sun. midnattstimm|a or -e (-an, -en, -ar), midnight hour. midsommars|natt (-natten, nätter), midsummer night. midvinter|natt (-natten, -nätter), midwinter night. mig, me. mil (-en, —), mile. mild, mild, gentle, tender, kind, sweet, merciful, soft, lenient, clement. mildhet (-en), tenderness, mildness, gentleness, softness, clemency, mercy. mildr|a (-ade, -at), to soften, ease, mollify, temper, mitigate; to extenuate, moderate. million, miljon (-en, -er), million. min (-en, -er), mien; countenance. min, my, mine. minaret (-en, -er), minaret. mindre, smaller, less. min|nas (-des, -ts), to remember, recollect, recall. minne (-t, -n), memory, recollection; fame, reputation. minneshögtid (-en, -er), memorial celebration. minnesrik, memorable, rich in memories. minnesskrift (-en, -er), inscription, memorial legend. minsann or min sann, forsooth, indeed, upon my word, to be sure. minst, least, smallest. minut (-en, -er), minute, moment. miskund (-en), commiseration, pity, compassion. miskundsam, gracious, compassionate, charitable. missljud (-et, —), discord, dissonance. missmod (-et, —), despair, despondency. mist|a (-ade, -at; -e, —), to lose. mitt (-en), middle, center, midst; mitt i, in the middle of; amidst, among; mitt emellan, halfway between. mjuk, limber; soft, smooth; pliable, plastic. mjukn|a (-ade, -at), to soften; to grow mellow. mjäll, clear. mjältsjuka (-n), hypochondria, spleen. mjöd (-et), mead. mo (-n, -ar), moor, heath. mod (-et), courage, bravery, heroism, valor; cheer; spirit, heart, pluck. moder (modern, mödrar), mother. modersmål (-et, —), mother tongue. moderspråk (-et, —), mother tongue, native language. modig, brave, courageous, valiant, dauntless. mogen, ripe, mature, complete. mognad (-en), ripeness, maturity. mogningsstund (-en, -er), hour of ripening, time of fruition. moln (-et, —), cloud. monark (-en, -er), monarch, ruler. mor (moder), mother. moral (-en), morals. mord (-et, —), murder, homicide. morfar, mor|fader (-fadern, -fäder), grandfather. morg|on (-onen, -nar), morning. morgondag (-en), morrow. morgondagg (-en), morning dew. morgonkvitt|er (-ret), morning twitter, morning song. morgonliv (-et), future life. morgonrodnad (-en, -er), auroral light, morning glow; poet., morgonrodnan. morgonstund (-en, -er), morning hour. morgontimm|a or -e (-an, -en, -ar), morning hour. morgonväkt (-en, -er), morning watch. mormor, mor|moder (-modern, -mödrar), grandmother. morse; i morse, this morning. mort|el (-eln, -lar), mortar, mortar and pestle. moskovit (-en, -er), Muscovite, Russian. mossa (-n), moss. mossig, mossy, overgrown with moss. mot, against, toward, to; in return for; about. motgång (-en, -ar), adversity, opposition, trouble. mothugg (-et, —), resistance, opposition, counterstroke. motiv (-et, —), motive, subject. motsats (-en, -er), contrast. motståndare (-n, —), antagonist, opponent. motsvar|a (-ade, -at), to answer to, correspond to or with. mot|taga (-tog, -tagit), to receive. mottaglig, receptive, sensitive, open (to). mul|e (-en, -ar), mouth and nose (of horses and cattle). mull (-en), mold, earth, soil, sod. mullr|a (-ade, -at), to thunder, roar. mullrande, thundering, roaring. multn|a (-ade, -at), to molder, decay. muml|a (-ade, -at), to mumble. mun (-nen, -nar), mouth, lips. mund (rarely inflected), poetic archaic form for mun, mouth. munk (-en, -ar), monk, friar. munter, merry, lively. munterhet (-en), gaiety, hilarity, conviviality, cheerfulness. mur (-en, -ar), wall. mur|a (-ade, -at), to build with masonry; to wall; mura till, to wall up. muse|um (-et, -er), museum. musik (-en), music. musikalisk, musical, melodious. musikant (-en, -er), musician, player. muskus, musk. musselskal (-et, —), shell, mussel shell. must (-en), must, juice, sap; essence. mycken, much, many. myll|a (-ade, -at), to bury, inter; inhume; usually, mylla ned, to put underground; myllas (ned), to be buried, planted in the soil, interred. myr (-en, -ar), fen, bog, marsh. myrten (— or, rarely, myrtnen), myrtnar; sometimes poet., myrt (-en), myrtle. myrtenskog (-en, -ar), myrtle grove. mysticism (-en), mysticism. mystik (-en), mysticism; mystery, mysteriousness. mystisk, mystical, mysterious. mystär (-en, -er), mystery, secret. må (-dde, -tt), to feel, fare; må gott, feel well, fine; to enjoy oneself; to thrive. må (-tte), may, must, shall, let. måg (-en, -ar), son-in-law. måhända, perhaps, maybe, possibly. mål (-et, —), object, aim; goal, destination. mål|a (-ade, -at), to paint, depict; to decorate. måls|man (-mannen, -män), champion, promoter; guardian. måltid (-en, -er), meal; feast, collation. måltidsro (-n), mealtime rest, dinner hour. mån, measure, degree, respect, extent, turn. månad (-en, -er), month. månde, might. mån|e (-en, -ar), moon. många, many, numerous; sometimes mång. mångdubbl|a (-ade, -at), to multiply. mången, many a, many a man; mången en, many a. månghövdad, manyheaded. mångsidighet (-en), many-sideness. månljus, moonlit. månne (abbrev. månn', månn or mån), may be, perhaps, possibly; månn det? really? indeed? månskens|natt (-natten, -nätter), moonlight night. måste (måst), must, (to be) obliged to, (to be) necessary, (to) have to. mått (-et, —), measure, limit. mäktig, mighty, exalted, influential, powerful. Mälaren, Lake Mälar or Mälaren. mängd (-en, -er), mass, great number, quantity, crowd, rabble. människ|a, mänsk|a (-an, -or), man, human being, humanity, mankind. människohjärta (-t, -n), human heart. människoliv (-et, —), life, human life. mänsklig, human. mänsklighet (-en), humanity, human feeling; humaneness; mankind, the human race. mänskligt, humanly, humanely. mänskoflärd (-en), human vanity, human foibles. mänskosläkt (-en, -er), generation of mankind; mänskosläkte (-t, -n), human race, mankind. människovår (-en, -ar), flower of the nation. mänskoätt (-en, -er), race, humanity. märg (-en), marrow. märk|a (-te, -t), to mark, notice; to remark upon; to observe; det märks, märkes, it is evident; it can be seen. märke (-t, -n), mark, sign. märkes|man (-mannen, -män), standard-bearer, chieftain, leader. mässingsskål (-en, -ar), brass bowl. mästare (-n, —), master. mästerlig masterly, masterful. mästerverk (-et, —), masterpiece, master work. mäta (mätte, mätt), to pace; to measure, estimate; mäta ut, to mete out, survey, compute. mätt, sated, full, satisfied; äta, se, höra sig mätt, to have one's fill. mö (-n, -r), maiden, lass; taga sig en mö, to take a wife; to wed. möb|el (-eln, -ler), furniture. möd|a (-an, -or), toil, labor, task; strife, effort; exertion, trouble; med möda, barely, with difficulty. möjligen, possibly, perchance. mönstergill, worthy of being taken as a model, exemplary. mönstergillt, in an exemplary manner. mörk, dark, gloomy, dismal. mörk|er (-ret), gloom, darkness. mörkn|a (-ade, -at), to grow dark, darken. möss|a (-an, -or), cap. möt|a (-te, -t), to meet, encounter; to assemble. möt|as (-tes, -ts), to meet. möte (-t, -n), meeting; gå till mötes, to go to meet; to favor, accommodate, meet halfway.