Aguilera, Señor, 240 Alcalde, the, 265 note Alfonso XII., 112 Alfonso XIII., 122-4, 182, 318 All Souls’ Day, observation of, 46; scandal connected with Masses on, 84-6 Ayuntamiento, the, 265 note; 274 Baptism, 47 Barcelona, effect of riots, 17; refugees from, 90, 92; Carlist activities in, 134 ff.; stories of riots, 165-6; bombs in, theory of, 181 ff Beatas, 21 “Bull of the Crusade,” 64 Bullfight, the, 307 ff Burial, 48, 50-1 Cacique,the 230-3 Canalejas, Señor, 243-6, 317-9 Carlists, alleged plots of, 167, 176; army, 155-6; party, 321 “Catholic Associations,” 163 Church, attitude towards people, 31-2; illegal disposal of property, 80 ff; unique position of,in Spain, 304 Civil Guard, the, 175, 218 ff Clergy, children of, 79-80, 106-7; arming and drilling of, 161, 164 Clerical Press, the, 28, 169, 235, 320-1 Confessional, the, 43, 73 ff Conscription, consolidates Monarchy, 111; conditions of exemption, 209; proposals for alteration, 210 Conservatives, the, 251, 256, 322 Consumo, the, 15, 288 Contribucion industrial, 286 Convent schools, 275 Correo Catalan, the, 151, 172, 243, 321 Correo Español, the, 163, 321 Correspondencia de España, the, 254, 322 Crossing, modes of, 65-7 Cuban War, stories of, 200-3 Customs’ duties, 285 Demonstrations, clerical, 191-4 “ popular, 174 Education, desire for, 15, 33 Ejercito Español, the, 152, 238 Electoral system, 229-33 Employers and employed, relations of, 23 ff England, misunderstanding of Spanish politics in, 227, 257; hopes of people from, 277, 318; admiration of, in Spain, 309 Ferrer, 147-9, 170, 325 Gasset, Señor, 236, 317 Governments, distrusted by working classes, 30 Heraldo de Madrid, the, 187, 229 note, 257, 270, 318 Honesty, 62 Hume, Major Martin, quoted, 133, 228 Illiteracy, 263, 271 Images, belief in, 52-3, 55-8 Imparcial, the, 114, 318 Irrigation scheme, 237 Jaime, Don, of Bourbon, 117, 153-4, 166, 170 Lay schools, the, 169; clerical campaign against, 190-1, 193 Liberal, the, 35, 172, 294, 317 Llorens, Señor, 152-3, 163, 321 Lottery, national, 298 Luque, General, 238 Madrid, attitude of, towards the South, 26-8 Marriage among working classes, 48-9 Matches, monopoly of, 292 Maura, Señor, 35, 115, 137-8, 144, 150, 203, 234, 245, 251-3, 256, 280, 320 Melquiades Alvarez, Señor, 259, 317, 319 Monopolies, Government, 291-2 Montero Rios, Señor, 242, 317 Moret, Señor, 137, 173, 228, 234, 237, 239, 241-3, 253, 258, 317 Morocco, war in, 200 ff Morral, 144, 148 Moslems, mixed with Spaniards, 28-9; traditional feeling against, 207 Municipal elections, 1909, 237 Nuevo Mundo, the, 7 Pais, the, 171, 223, 319 Paz, Infanta Doña, 207 Penitential dress, 64 Penitents, 53 Police, various bodies of, 215 ff Politics, difficulties of understanding, 228 Popular songs, 142-3 Postal service, 298 Prayers quoted, 67-8 Primo de Rivera, General, 203 Public instruction, system of, 264 ff Purgatory, popular view of, 44 Queen, the, animus of clergy against, 120; feeling of working people towards, 121-2, 128; courage shown by, 182 Queen-Mother, the, 113, 115 Religious Orders, the, change of people’s attitude towards, 17; positions in Spain illegal, 90; relations to working classes, 93; underselling of workpeople by, 94-5, 105; people ruined by, 97-102; refusal to help at time of distress, 102; evasion of taxation by, 295; measures adopted by Government, 317-8 Republicans, the, 239, 258-60, 317, 319 Reservists, supposed protest against calling out of, 204 Romanones, Count, 240, 322 Royal Family, suppression of news about, during the Maura régime, 116, 123-6 Sanchez Toca, Señor, 254 School supply, facts about, 270 Serenos, the, 217 Socialists, the, 237 Sociedad editorial, the, 139, 171-2, 317 Squilache, Marquesa de, 116-7 Sugar monopoly, 291 Taxation, evasions of, 294 Tobacco monopoly, 291 Tradition, influence of, 16, 145 Truth-telling, 61 Universities, the, 268 Upper classes, general character of, 32; religion of, 40 Vigilancia, the, 217 War Fund, initiated by the Queen, 117 ff, 127; contributions of workpeople to, 119 Working classes, general character of, 14, 30; what they read, 34; religion of, 39 ff Zaragoza, explosion of bombs at, 188

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