APPENDIX

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES

NO. I

Carthaginian Domination in Spain 238 to 200 B.C.

Roman Domination200 B.C. to 414 A.D.

Visigothic Domination414 A.D. to 711 A.D.

Visigothic Kings

A.D.

Ataulfo414, D. 417

Sigerico417

Walia420

Teodoredo451

Turismundo454

Teodorico466

Eurico483

This king, after conquering the Suevi and other races, is considered he founder of the monarchy.

AlaricoD. 505

Gesaleico510

Amalarico531

Teudis548

Teudiselo549

Agila554

Atanagildo567

Liuva I.572

Leovigildo586

After destroying the barbarians that still remained in the country, he was the first king who ruled over the whole of the Peninsula.

Recaredo I.601

Summoned the 3d Council of Toledo, renounced Arianism, and became the first Catholic king of Spain.

Liuva II.603

Witerico610

Gundemaro612

Sisebuto621

Recaredo II.621

Suintila631

Sisenando635

Tulga640

Chindasvinto650

Recesvinto672

Wamba680

Ervigio687

Egica701

Witiza709

Don Rodrigo711

The Moors entered Spain and defeated Don Rodrigo at the battle of Guadalete, who disappeared there. The Moors occupied in the two following years almost the whole of the Peninsula, and governed under the dependence of the Caliphs of Damascus.

Moorish Rulers in Spain

Emirs dependent on the Caliphs of Damascus711-715

Independent Caliphate established by the Ommeyah family, the capital being Cordova755-1009

Kings of Taifas, governors of the provinces which declared themselves independent during the last Caliphate, Hischen II.1009-1090

The Almoravides from Africa established themselves in the Moorish territory of the Peninsula1090-1157

The Almohades conquered the Almoravides1157-1212

Kings of Granada. The Moorish domination is reduced to the kingdom of Granada1226-1492

The rule of the Moors in Spain ends in 1492, at the conquest of Granada.

Kings of Asturias, Leon, and Castile

Pelayo (the re-conquest begins)718, D. 737

Favila739

Alonso I., el Catolico757

Favila I. (fixes his Court at Oviedo)768

Aurelio774

Silo783

Mauregato788

Bermudo I., el Diacono795

Alonso II., el Casto843

Ramiro I.850

Ordoño I.865

Alonso III., el Magno910

Divided the kingdom of Galicia, Leon, and Asturias, among his sons, the three following kings.

Garcia913

Ordoño II.923

Fruela II.924

Ordoño fixed his Court at Leon, and here end the named kings or Asturias.

Alonso IV., el Monge930

Ramiro II.950

Ordoño III.955

Sancho I., el Craso967

Ramiro III.982

Bermudo II.999

Alonso V., el Noble1028

Bermudo III.1037

The territory of Castile, which formed a separate state, governed by Condes, passed to Dona Sancha and Don Fernando I., who entitled themselves Kings of Castile and Leon.

Fernando I. and Dona Sancha1065

Sancho II., el Fuerte1073

Alfonso VI.1108

(Conquered Toledo in 1085.)

Dona Urraca1126

Alfonso VII., el Emperador1157

At his death the kingdoms of Castile and Leon are divided among the six following kings:

Sancho III. (Castilla)1158

Fernando II. (Leon)1188

Alfonso VIII. (Castilla)1214

Alfonso IX. (Leon)1230

Enrique I. (Castilla)1217

Dona Berenguela, who abdicated the crown of Castile in favor of her son, Fernando III., who inherited also the crown of Leon from his father, Alfonso IX.

Fernando III., King of Castile and Leon 1252

He conquered Cordova, Jaen, and Seville.

Alonso X., el Sabio1284

Sancho IV., el Bravo1295

Fernando IV., el Emplazado1312

Alonso XI.1350

Pedro I., el Cruel1369

Enrique II., el Bastardo1379

Juan I.1390

Enrique III., el Doliente1407

Juan II.1454

Enrique IV., el Impotente1474

Dona Isabel, la Catolica1504

Fernando V. de Aragon1516

Dona Juana, la loca1555

Felipe I., el Hermoso, first king of the house of Austria1505

Carlos V., Emperador1558

Felipe II.1598

Felipe III.1621

Felipe IV.1665

Carlos II.1700

Felipe V. (first king of the house of Bourbon) abdicated in 1724

Luis I.1724

Felipe V.1746

Fernando VI.1759

Carlos III.1788

Carlos IV., abdicated1808

Fernando VII.1833

Isabel II., dethroned1868

Gobierno Provisional1871

Amadeo de Saboyaabdicated 1873

Spanish Republic1874

Alfonso XIIdied 1886

Kings of Navarre.

The inhabitants of Navarre began the re-conquest from the middle of the 8th century. Their rulers were called condes, or kings, until Sancho Abarca widened the territory; from that time they are always called kings of Navarre.

Sancho Abarca980-994

Garcia III.1000

Sancho III., el Mayor1038

Garcia IV.1057

Sancho IV.1076

Sancho Ramirez V.1092

This king, and the two that followed, were likewise kings of Aragon.

Pedro I.1106

Alfonso, el Batallador1134

Garcia Ramirez IV.1150

Sancho VI., el Sabio1194

Sancho VII., el Fuerte1234

Here begin the kings of the House of Champagne.

Teobaldo I.1253

Teobaldo II.1270

Enrique I.1273

Juana I.1304

On her marriage with Philip le Bel, Navarre passed to the house of France.

Luis Hutin1316

Felipe le Long1320

Carlos I. de Navarra, IV. de Francia1329

Juana II.1343

Carlos II. d’Evreux1387

Carlos III.1425

Dona Blanca y Juan I.1479

Francisco Febo1483

Catalina1512

Fernando V. of Navarre took possession in 1512 of Navarre, and it was then incorporated with Castile.

Kings of Aragon.

Aragon belonged to the kingdom of Navarre until Sancho III. gave it to his son Ramiro.

Ramiro I.1035, D. 1063

Sancho I.1094

Pedro I.1104

Alfonso I., el Batallador1134

Ramiro II., el Monge1137

Aragon and Cataluña are united.

Petronila1162

Alfonso II.1196

Pedro II.1213

Jaime I., el Conquistador1276

Pedro III.1285

Sicily is united to Aragon.

Alfonso III.1291

Jaime II.1327

Alfonso IV.1336

Pedro IV.1387

Juan I.1395

Martin1410

Fernando, el de Antequera1416

Alfonso V.1458

Juan II.1470

Fernando el Catolico.

Aragon passes to the crown of Castile.

Counts of Barcelona.

In the 8th and 9th centuries Cataluña belonged to Charlemagne and his successors. Wilfredo was the first independent Conde.

Wilfredo el Belloso864-898

Borrell I.912

Suniario917

Borrell II. and his brother Miron992

Ramon Borrell1018

Ramon Berenguer I.1025

Ramon Berenguer II.1077

Berenguer and Ramon Berenguer III.1113

Ramon Berenguer IV.1131

Ramon Berenguer V. married Dona Petronila de Aragon, and this kingdom was incorporated with the Condado de Cataluña.

NO. II

Contemporary Sovereigns

The periods have been selected during which leading events in Spanish history have occurred.

A.D. Spain. England. France. Rome.

800Alonso II. el CastoEgbertCharlemagneLeo III.

877Alonso III. el MagnoAlfredLouis II.John VII.

996Ramiro III.Ethelred II.Hugh CapetGregory V.

1075Sancho II.William the ConquerorPhilip I.Gregory VII.

1155Alfonso VII.Henry II.Louis VII.Adrian IV. Breakspeare

1245San FernandoHenry III.St. LouisInnocent IV.

1345Alfonso XI.Edward III.Philip VI.Benedict VI.

1360Pedro el CruelEdward III.John II.Innocent VI.

1485Isabel la CatolicaHenry VII.Charles VIII.Innocent VIII.

1515Fernando de AragonHenry VIII.Francis I.Leo X.

1550Carlos V.Edward VI.Henry II.Paul III.

1560Felipe II.ElizabethCharles IX.Pius IV.

1644Felipe IV.Charles I.Louis XIV.Innocent X.

1705Felipe V.AnneLouis XIV.Clement XI.

1760Carlos III.George III.Louis XV.Clement XIII.

1808Fernando VII.George III.Napoleon I.Pius VII.

1840Isabel II.—VictoriaLouis PhilippeGregory XVI.

Napoleon III.and Pius IX.

1877Alfonso XII.French RepublicLeo XIII.

1886Cristina, queen-regent

1886Alfonso XIII.

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