INDEX

A Abbaye Blanche, near Mortain, 109, 110 Almenèches, 139 et seq.; its church, 150, 151; site of the castle, 152 Ambrières, fortress of, 57, 229; architectural significance of its church, 230 Amiens, 8, 9, 23, 24, 47 Architecture in Normandy, its points of likeness with that of England, 23, 27, 28, 31, 46; Romanesque, at Bayeux, 28, 29; at Exmes, 147; at Le Mans, 206, 207, 209; transitional period well marked in Fécamp Abbey, 48 Argentan, 125–138 Arletta [Herleva], mother of William the Conqueror, 10 Arnulf of Montgomery, 141, 142 Arques, fortress of Count William at, 59, 60; battle of, 60 Avranches, historical associations of, 75; its position, ib., 81, 82; its ecclesiastical territory merged in the diocese of Coutances, 81 B Barbe, M. Henri, quoted, 191, 194, 196 Bayeux, retention of the Danish tongue and religion at, 2, 6; Richard the Fearless educated at, ib.; Saxon and Danish colonies at, 5, 6; its cathedral church, 8, 22–30; the seminary chapel, 8, 30; compared with Coutances, 25–28; Bishop Odo's work at, 26, 28; later Romanesque at, 29; its English character, 30 Beaumont-le-Roger, 179 et seq. Beaumont-le-Vicomte, castle and church, 234, 235 Beauvais, 9, 23, 24 Bernay, Judith's Abbey at, 8, 182, 188 Bigod, use of the name, 105 Brionne, character of the building, 97, 98 C Caen, 2; its ecclesiastical buildings, 8; destruction of churches at, 19; burial-place of William the Conqueror, 51 Cæsaris Burgus, 67. See Cherbourg Calleva, its fall, 199. See Silchester Carentan, 72 Castles, beginning of in England, 14; in Normandy, earlier and later sites of, 58; question as to the earliest date of stone castles in Normandy, 97 Caudebec, Teutonic origin of the name, 6 Cerisy, 8 Chandos, Sir John, building of the keep of St. Saviour attributed to, 71 Channel Islands, their relation to England, 65 Chartres, contrasted with Le Mans, 200 et seq.; its historical associations, 202, 203; architectural features of its cathedral church, 203, 204; why it differs from Le Mans, 204; its height, 207; its secondary churches, 209 Cherbourg, name probably cognate with Scarborough, 68 Churches, Norman, French and English, compared, 9, 23, 24, 46, 111 Cintheaux, 53, 54 Colomby, 70 Côtentin, derivation of the name, 62; its peninsular character, 64, 65; acquired by William Longsword, 66 Coutances, cathedral church of, 22 et seq., 82; its sham west front compared with that of Wells, 25; its internal architecture compared with that of Bayeux, 26, 27; men of, at Senlac, 66; its position, 72, 73, 75, 83; aqueduct at, 73, 88; its diocese enlarged, 81 D Diablintes, tribal name survives in Jublains, 190 Dieppe, meaning of the name, 6 Dinan, 22, 54, 55 Dive, river, battle by, 60 Dol, church of, 22, et seq.; compared with S. Canice at Kilkenny, 25, 30; its position suggests St. David's, 30; east end compared with Wells, 31 Domfront, fortress of, won by William, 56, 228; compared with Falaise, ib. Dumaine, l'Abbé L.V., his history of Tinchebray, 117, 118 E Eadgar the Ætheling, at Tinchebray, 121; taken prisoner and released, 123 Ecclesiastical foundations, choice of sites for, 42, 43 Emma, Abbess of Almenèches, sister of Robert of Bellême, 140–143 England, likeness of Normandy to, how accounted for, 5–7 Eu, its historical associations, 58, 59 Evreux, 4, 8, 24 Evron, abbey at, 234 Exeter, commonwealth of, compared with Le Mans, 212, 213 Exmes, 139 et seq.; site of the castle, 144, 145; its church, 146–149 F Falaise, birthplace of William the Conqueror, 10, 12; its historical associations, 11, 12; probable date of the castle, 15; its position, 16, 17; origin of the name, 16; spoiled by so-called restoration, 18–20, 53; compared with Domfront, 56 Fécamp, abbey of, 43 et seq.; transitional period well marked at, 47, 48; its fourteenth century alteration compared with Waltham, 49, 50 Flers, 113 G Gally Knight, Mr., quoted, 82, 86, 106 Geoffrey of Mowbray, Bishop of Coutances, 67, 80 Geoffrey, Count of Mayenne, his betrayal of the Commune of Le Mans, 214, 231 Geoffrey Malaterra, quoted, 93, 94 Granville, 73 H Harold, son of Godwine, received by William at Eu, 58; the guest of William Patey, 114, 115 Harold Blaatand, his settlement in the Côtentin, 5, 66; delivers the Norman Duchy, 60 Hauteville-la-Guichard, 90 et seq. Helias of La Flèche, Count of Maine, at Tinchebray, 121, 122 Henry I. of England, 54; Avranchin held by, 76; wins back Saint James, 78; victorious at Tinchebray, 115, 120, 123; his treatment of Robert, 123; at Saint-Evroul, 164 Henry II. of England, homage paid him at Falaise by William the Lion, 11; his hospital at Le Mans, 209, 220 Henry I. of France, helps William against his rebellious vassals, 35; his personal experiences at Val-ès-dunes, ib.; sees the slaughter at Varaville, 61; burns Argentan, 128, 130, 171; fortress of Tillières burned by, 171; re-fortifies Tillières, ib. Henry of Beaumont, Earl of Warwick, 91 Herbert Wake-Dog, Count of Maine, 218 Herlwin, Abbot of Saint Peter's, Orleans, pillages Abbey of Saint-Evroul, 164 Hildebert, Bishop of Le Mans, ordered to pull down the towers of Saint Julian's, 132, 208 Holy Trinity, Abbey church of, at Beaumont-le-Roger, 185–187 Hubert of Rye receives William on his escape from Valognes, 114 Humfrey de Vetulis, father of Roger of Beaumont, 180 Hundred Years' War, personal nomenclature in Normandy, affected by, 5 J Jublains and Silchester compared, 189–191; origin of the name, 190; its position, 191, 192; its Roman remains, 192, et seq.; numismatic evidence for date of fortress, 196–199 L La Lande-Patry, 114, 115 Laigle, surname misunderstood, 154–156 Langlois, significance of the name, 5 Laval, 231, 232 Le Mans, contrasted with Chartres, 200, et seq.; Saint Julian's keeps its ancient nave, 205–207; its thirteenth century choir, 207, 208; destruction of its towers ordered by William Rufus, 208; its secondary churches, 209, 220; Henry the Second's hospital at, 220; owes its special character to its municipal history, 210–214; its analogy with Exeter, 212, 213; no existing monuments of the time of the Commune, 215; its position, ib.; Roman and mediæval walls, 216, 217, 218; position of Saint Julian's, 217, 218; early greatness of its ecclesiastical and civil rulers, 217; its buildings, 218, 219; William's fortresses at, 219, 220; birthplace of Henry the Second, 220; German occupation of, 221; ruthless destruction at, 222; menhir at, 223 Les Vieilles, faubourg of, at Roger-le-Beaumont, 180; church of, 187, 188 Lessay, 72 Lewis-from-beyond-Sea, King of the West-Franks, taken captive by Harold Blaatand, 60 Limay, 52, 53 Louise of Silly, Abbess of Almenèches, 150 M Maine, its history, 224 et seq.; its modern division, 225; architectural borderland between Normandy and Anjou, 226 Malger, Count of Mortain, 104 Mantes, 51, 53 Matilda of Flanders, Queen, her church of the Holy Trinity at Caen, 8; married to William at Eu, 58 Matilda, daughter of Richard the Fearless, marries Odo of Chartres, 170; dispute about her dowry, ib. Matilda, Abbess of Almenèches, 143 Mayenne, 57, 58, 225, 230, 231 Montacute, siege of, raised by Geoffrey of Mowbray, 67; Norman name of Leodgaresburh (Lutgaresburg), 105 Mortagne, 101 Mortain, its position, 101, 102; site of the castle, 103; its history, 104; foundation of Saint-Evroul at, 105 Mortemer, battle of, 35; its position, 38, 39; reason for its historic interest, ib.; surprise of the French at, 40 N Næodunum, 190, 198. See Jublains Neufbourg, 110 Neufchâtel-en-Bray, its hills and cheeses, 39 Names, confusion of, 100, 101, 154, 155 Nomenclature, personal, in Normandy, affected by Hundred Years' War, 5; local traces of Danish, in Normandy, 6; in Gaul, 63 Normandy, its points of likeness with England, 3, 4, 41; compared with France proper, 3; Teutonic elements in, 5, 6; traces of Danish local nomenclature in, 6; its ecclesiastical buildings, 8; compared with those of France proper, 9, 23, 24; restoration and destruction in, 17–20, 29; importance of its early history, 33; its political absorption by France, 41, 218 Normans and English, original kindred of, 5–7; in England, English fusion of, 15; in Normandy, French fusion of, ib. Notre-Dame, Avesnières, 233 Notre-Dame, Domfront, 57 Notre-Dame, Saint-Lo, 83–85 Notre-Dame, Verneuil, 178 Notre-Dame de La Couture, Abbey of, Le Mans, 209, 220, 226 Notre-Dame de la Place, Argentan, 136 Notre-Dame-du-Pré, Le Mans, 209, 220, 226 O Odelerius, sends his son Orderic to Saint-Evroul, 162 Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, his work at Bayeux, 26, 28 Odo II., Count of Chartres, refuses to give up his wife's dowry, 170; defeated, 171 Orderic (Vital), at Neufbourg, 110, 119; at Saint-Evroul, 143, 160, 162 Oximenses, use of the name, 140 P Palgrave, Sir Francis, quoted, 39, 64, 101, 226 Periers, 72 Petit, Mr., quoted, 1 Puiseux, M.L., quoted, 33 Q Querqueville, church of, 68, 69; origin of the name, 69 Quilly, 53, 54 R Rennes, 55 Richard the Fearless, Duke of the Normans, educated at Bayeux, 2 Richard the Good, Duke of the Normans, fortifies Tillières, 170; his dispute with Odo of Chartres, ib. Richer of Laigle, his character and death, 156 Robert the Magnificent (the "Devil"), Duke of the Normans, castle of Falaise attributed to, 13–15 Robert, Duke of the Normans, eldest son of William, 54; his march to Tinchebray, 119; his captivity, 123; defeated by Robert of Bellême, 143 Robert, Count of Meulan, son of Roger of Beaumont, 91, 179, 181, 184; at Tinchebray, 122 Robert, Count of Mortain, 103, 105, 106 Robert of Bellême, at Tinchebray, 120, 121; banished by Henry, 141; his treatment of Almenèches, 142; defeats Robert, 143; his imprisonment, ib. Robert of Grantmesnil, Abbot of Saint-Evroul, 162 Robert of Torigny, quoted, 122, 137 Robert the Bigod, accuses William of Mortain of treason, 105 Robert Wiscard, 91, 92, 98, 181 Roger I., Count of Sicily, 92, 98 Roger of Beaumont, 91, 179, 180 Roger of Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury, 140, 141 Roger of Poitou son of Earl Roger, 137, 141, 142 Rolf, his settlement, 5, 36 Rouen, its French character, 2, 6; death of William the Conqueror at, 51 S Saint Andrew, Chartres, 209 Saint Canice, Kilkenny, central tower of, compared with that of Dol, 25 Saint Cross, Saint-Lo, 85–87 Saint-Evroul, 143; his story, 162; his name, 163; memorials and relics of, 167 Saint Evroul Abbey, home of Orderic, 143, 160, et seq.; restored by families of Geroy and Grantmesnil, 162; pillaged by order of Hugh the Great, 164; its architectural remains, 165–167 Saint-Evroul, Mortain, its foundation, 106; its architectural features, 106–108 Saint German, Argentan, 127, 131–136 Saint Gervase, Falaise, 16, 173 Saint James, topographical use of the name, 77; fortified by William the Conqueror, ib., 78; won back by Henry the Ætheling, ib.; its position, ib.; site of William's castle, 79 Saint John, Verneuil, its tower, 176, 177 Saint Julian's, Le Mans, contrasted with cathedral church of Chartres, 200 et seq.; Romanesque work at, 206, 207; Angevin style in, 226. See also Le Mans. Saint-Lo (Manche), town and church of, 83–87 Saint-Lo, Rouen, 80 Saint Martin, Argentan, 131, 134–136 Saint Martin, Laigle, 157, 158 Saint Martin-in-the-Vale, Chartres, 209 Saint Mary Magdalen, Verneuil, its fine tower, 175, 176 Saint Michael in Peril of the Sea, 44, 55 Saint Nicolas, Beaumont-le-Roger, 181, 182 Saint Nicolas, Coutances, 87, 88 Saint Peter, Abbey, Chartres, 209 Saint Peter, Coutances, 85, 87, 88; compared with Saint German, Argentan, 131 Saint Price, near Laval, 234 Saint Ouen, Rouen, 24 Saint Remigius, Tinchebray, 119 Saint Saviour, castle and abbey of, 70, 71 Saint Stephen's, Caen, 8, 26 Sainte-Susanne, 156, 234 Saxons, settlement of, at Bayeux, 5 Silchester and Jublains, compared, 189–191 Sillé-le-Guillaume, 234 Surnames of places, 91, 92; misunderstood, 100, 101, 154–156 T Talbot, John, Earl of Shrewsbury, his tower at Falaise, 11, 15, 16 Tancred of Hauteville, his home, 90, 95, 97, 98 Tillières, its position and history, 169–171; church at, 172, 173 Tinchebray, battle of, an English victory, 115, 116, 120; site of the battle, 117 V Val-ès-dunes, battle of, a victory of the Roman over the Teuton, 35; site of the battle-field, 36, 37 Valognes, 69, 70 Varaville, battle of, 60 Verneuil, its position, 173; castle and donjon at, 174, 175; churches at, 175–178 Vimont, M. Eugène, his book on Argentan, 128, 136 Vire, 112 W Wace, value of his description of the battle of Val-ès-dunes, 37, 38; quoted, 114, 169 Wells, west front of cathedral church compared with that of Coutances, 25; east end compared with Dol, 31 William Longsword, Duke of the Normans, Danish education of his son, 2; wins the Côtentin, 66 William the Conqueror, his church of S. Stephen at Caen, 8; his birthplace, 10, 12; his attempt at learning English, 12; modern estimate of in Falaise, 13; present at the dedication of Odo's church at Bayeux, 28; results of his personal qualities, 34; seeks help of Henry I. of France, 34, 35; burns Mantes, 52; his marriage to Matilda at Eu, 58; Domfront submits to, 56; fortifies Ambrières, 57; his conquest of Mayenne, ib., 230; takes Arques, 59; his surprise of the French at Varaville, 61; his escape from Valognes, 70, 114; fortifies Saint James, 77–79; gives the lands of William of Mortain to his half-brother Robert, 105; opposition of Le Mans to, 212 William Rufus, bids Bishop Hildebert pull down the towers of Saint Julian's, 132, 208 William, Count of Arques, his fortress, 59 William, Count of Mortain, 104; his lands given to Robert, 105; founds l'Abbaye Blanche, 109; with Duke Robert at Tinchebray, 119, 120, 121; taken prisoner, 123; his alleged blinding, ib. William of Saint-Calais, use of the surname, 155 William Patry, receives Harold at La Lande, 115 William the Lion, King of Scots, does homage to Henry II. at Falaise, 11

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