Hawkins’ SelfHelp Mechanical Drawing. Index.

PAGE

Acute Angle, def. 42

Acute-Angled Triangle, def. 50

Addendum Circle, illus. 200

Alphabets, Gothic, desc. 171

Altitude, def. 41

Altitude of a Polygon, def. 47

American Machinist, Quotation from 141

Angle, def. 41, 83

To bisect an 89

To draw an 89

Angle-Iron, illus. 75

Angle-Plate, illus. 75

Angular Perspective Drawing, illus. 260, 265

Apex, def. 42

Apex of an Angle, def. 42

Arc, def. 42

Complement of an 99

Cosecant of an 99

Cotangent of an 99

Sine of an 99

Supplement of an 99

Tangent of an 99

Versed Sine of an 99

Arc of Circle, To find the center of an 90

Arcs, Drawing 146

Illus. 146

Arrow-Heads, how made 172, 176

Axiom, def. 83

Axis, Conjugate, def. 96

Of a Figure, def. 43

Of a Solid, def. 42

Transverse, def. 96

Backlash in Gearing 215

Backward Projection desc. 152, illus. 152-3

Base, def. 43

Of a Polygon, def. 47

Beacon Light, illus. 282

Beam Compasses desc. 124, illus. 124

Bending Machine, Hydraulic desc. 221, illus. 220-1

Benjamin, Prof. Chas., “How and What to Study” 23

Bevel-Gear, desc. 201

Bevel Mortise Wheel, desc. 203

Bevel Wheel desc. 199, illus. 203

Bisect, def. 43

Bisector, def. 43

Blackboard, illus. and desc. 27

Blackboard Drawing 28

Blue Printing desc. 186, illus. 187

Test pieces 188

Blue Prints, Office rules for 196

Black Process Copying 188

Boiler-Plate, Riveted, illus. 76

Bolt, Square-head, illus. 76

Bolt and Nut, Square-head desc. 144, illus. 145

Hexagon desc. 144, illus. 76, 144

Bow-Dividers desc. 123, illus. 122

Bow-Pencil, desc. 123

Bows, Use of 242

Brick, Section Lining, illus. 182

Broken Lines, How to Draw 33

Def. 46

Bumping Post, illus. 226

Calipers, illus. vi

Cast-Iron, Section-Lining, illus. 182

Caulking Tool, illus. 76

Center Line, def. 46

Center Lines, In Drawings 240-1

In Shop Drawings 192

Chalk-Crayon desc. 27, illus. 27, 37

Chalk-Work 27

Instruments for Drawing, illus. 29

Channel-Iron, illus. 75

Checking Drawings 194

Circle, def. 43

To describe about a square 93

about a triangle 93

through two points 90

through three points 90

To find the center 90

To inscribe in a square 94

in a triangle 94

Circles, Drawing desc. 146, illus. 146

Circumference of a Circle 43

Circumscribe, def. 43

Circular Pitch Line, illus. 200

Classifying Drawings, Office Rules for 191

Clearance in Wheel Teeth 215

Cog-Wheel def. 201, illus. 201

Section Lining, illus. 183

Coin, Perspective View of a, illus. 248

Color and Tints 185

Compass, Mariners’, illus. 268

Compasses, Beam, desc. and illus. 124

Desc. and illus. 121

For holding chalk, illus. 29

How to hold, illus. 136

Complement of an Arc 99

Composition, Section-Lining, illus. 182

Concave, def. 44

Cone, def. 44

Conjugate Axis, def. 96

Construction, def. 44

Line, def. 46

Contents, Table of 24

Contour, def. 44

Convergence, def. 44

Convex, def. 44

Copying Drawings, Black Process 188

Blue Printing 186

Tracing 184

Copyright viii

Corner, def. 44

Corollary, def. 83

Co-secant of an Arc, def. 99

Co-sine of an Arc, def. 99

Co-tangent of an Arc, def. 99

Crane, desc. 219

Working drawing of, illus. 218

Cross-Hatches, def. 44

Cross-hatching Drawings 182

Crown Wheel, illus. 208

Curve, def. 44

Curved Line, def. 46

Curved Lines, Drawing, desc. 69

Drawing Figures of 70, 72, 73

How to Draw 35

Illus. 70

Curved Surface, def. 49

Curve or Scroll, illus. 117

Cut Gears, desc. 215

Cylinder, def. 44

Cylindrical, def. 44

Cylindrical Projection, illus. 161

Dash Line, def. 46

Decimal Equivalents, Table of 269

Dedication ix

Definitions, Preliminary 41

Degree, def. 41, 44

Describe, def. 44

Design, def. 44

Symmetry in, def. 50

Designing Gears 209

Detail Drawings, Office Rules for 191

Develop, def. 45

Diagonal, def. 45

Diagonals of a Polygon, def. 47

Diameter, def. 45

Diameter, Of a Circle 43

Diameters of Wheels, How to Measure 199

Diametral Pitch, desc. 200

Of Gears 212

Dimensioning Drawings desc. 176, illus. 177, 179

Dimension Line, def. 46

Dimensions on Drawings, Office Rules for 192

Dividers and Compasses, desc. 119

Dividers, illus. 82, 119

Bisecting, desc. 119

Bow, illus. 122

“Point” 242

Proportional desc. 119, illus. 120

Spring Bow, desc. 124

Dodecahedron, def. 48

Dot-and-Dash Line, def. 46

Dotted Line, def. 46

Draughtsmen, Useful Tables for 269-280

Drawing, Blackboard 28

Free hand 55

Linear Perspective 247

Parallel Perspective 260-1

Projection, desc. 148

Scale Perspective 257

Spur Gear, illus. 163, 211

Spur Wheel, desc. 162

Straight Line Figures desc. 65, illus. 66-7-8

Symbols 193

The Pitch Line 209

To Scale, desc. 126

Working, def. 51

Drawing-Board desc. 107, illus. 102, 106, 108

Expansion and Contraction of 108

How to Construct 107

Trestles, illus. 110, 111

Drawing Instruments, desc. 103

How to Select 104

Illus. 105

Outfit Recommended 104

Drawing Materials, desc. 103

Drawing Office Rules 191

Drawing Paper, desc. 132

Erasing lines 140

Fixing of, illus. 102

Fixing on the Board 139

Pasting 184

“Points” 243

Patent Office Sizes 234

Sizes of 133

Drawing Pencils, desc. and illus. 118

How to Use 56

Drawing Pen, Filling with ink, illus. 130

Drawing Pens, desc. and illus. 129

Drawing-Pins, desc. 110

Drawing Scales, desc. 126

Drawings, Cleaning, desc. 169

Color and Finish, note 185

Dimensioning, desc. 176

Inking in, desc. 167

Lettering, desc. 171

Patent Office Rules for 233

Reproducing 186

Section-Lining, desc. 182

Shading desc. 180, illus. 180, 225

Size of, Office Rules 191

Tint and Color, desc. 184

Drawing-Table, desc. 111

Folding Legs, illus. 104

Edge, def. 45

Elevation, def. 45

Elevation and Section, Spur Wheel desc. 216, illus. 212

Ellipse, An, desc. 96, 118

To describe when length and breadth are given 96

Envelopes, Portfolio, desc. 142

Equiangular Triangle, def. 45

Equilateral Triangle, def. 50

Erasing, “Points” on 242

Eye, illus. and desc. 253

Effect of Light on 253

Face, def. 45

Faced Surfaces, Points, etc. 242

Figures, Drawing Straight-line 65

Numerals, examples of 173

Straight-line, illus. 66

File Handle, desc. and illus. 144

Finger and Thumb Lines, illus. 64

Finished Surfaces, How to indicate 193

“Points” 242

Finishing, def. 45

Flanged-tooth Wheel, desc. 205

Flat Pattern, def. 47

Foreshortening, def. 45

Forward Projection desc. 151, 152, illus. 155

Free-hand, def. 45

Free-hand Drawing 55, 78

First Lesson in 30

Penciling, illus. 54

Free-hand Illustration, a Water Wheel 78

Friction-Clutch and Pulley, desc. 224

Friction Gear-Wheels, desc. 201

Full Line, def. 46

Gear, def. 199

Gearing, desc. 199

Drawing desc. 162, illus. 163

Gearing and Design 197

Gears, A Train of, desc. 208

Speed of 208

Gear-Wheels, Spur, illus. 198

Generated, def. 45

Geometric, def. 45

Geometrical Axioms 84

Geometrical Drawing, desc. 81

Problems in 86

Geometrical Signs 84

Geometry, defs. 249

Elements of 81

Gothic Letters, illus. 173

Grooved Friction Wheels, desc. 201

Ground-Plane def. 249, 255, illus. 249

Half-Tint, def. 45

Hand-Wheel, illus. 77

Hanger, illus. 179

Helical Wheel desc. 199, illus. 207

Hemisphere, def. 45

Heptagon, def. 47

Hexagon, def. 47

To Construct a 95

Hexagon-Head Bolt, illus. 144

Hexahedron, def. 48

Horizontal, def. 45, 250

Horizontal Line, in Drawing, illus. 250

How to Draw 32

In Perspective 252

Hypothesis, def. 83

Icosahedron, def. 48

India Ink, desc. and illus. 131

Dish or Tile, illus. 131

India Rubber Eraser, illus. 132

Use of 240

Ink, Preparing, for Drawings, desc. 167

Test for Good, desc. 167

Ink Eraser, Steel, desc. and illus. 132

Inking, illus. 166, 169

Long Lines, illus. 170

Rules of Procedure 168

Short Work, illus. 169

“Inking in” Drawings, desc. 167

“Points,” etc. 239, 243

Patent Office Drawings 234

Inscribe, def. 45

Instrumental, def. 45

Instruments for Chalk-work, illus. 29

Internal Gear, desc. 201

Internal-Gear Wheel, illus. 207

Introduction 15

Isosceles Triangle, def. 50

Lantern-Wheel, desc. 201

Lathe-Dog, illus. 76

Lemma, def. 83

Lettering, Blow-Off Valve, illus. 175

Drawings, desc. 171

Light, and Sense of Seeing 254

Experiment with, illus. 255

Laws of 252

Line, def. 82

To Divide into Equal Parts 89

Linear Perspective Drawing 247

Lines, def. 45

Note 65

Parallel, def. 83

Link Motion, Stephenson’s, illus. 225

Longitudinal, def. 46

Lucas, Theo., Acknowledgement 23, 266

Marking Measurements on Drawings 243

Mechanical Drawing 137, 247

Elevation 138

Examples 143

Procedure 141

Minerva, Free-hand Sketch of iii

Miter-Wheel desc. 199, 204, illus. 204

Model, def. 46

Nonagon, def. 47

Numbering Drawings, Office Rules for 194-5

Numerals, illus. 173

Oblique, def. 46

Oblique Lines How to Draw, 32, 58, illus. 59, 63

Oblong, def. 46

Obtuse Angle, def. 42

Obtuse-Angled Triangle, def. 50

Octahedron, def. 48

Octagon, def. 47

To Describe on a given straight line 95

To Inscribe in a circle 96

Oil Can, illus. 77

Optic Nerve, illus. 253

Optics, in Drawing, def. 252

Outline Picture, desc. 152

Oval, def. 46

How to Draw an 71

Overall, def. 46

Paper, Fastening Drawing on 184

Rule or Scale 242

Sensitized, desc. 188

The Right Side of 241

Parallel, def. 46

Parallel Lines, def. 83, 252

To Draw 88

In Perspective 251

Parallel Perspective Drawing, illus. 260 to 263

Parallel Rule desc. 115, illus. 114-5

Parallelogram, def. 47

To Construct 93

Pasting Drawing Paper, “Points” 243

Patent Office Drawings 235, illus. 236

Rules of Great Britain 236

Rules of U. S. 233

Patterns, def. 46

Numbering, from drawings 194

Pedestal, illus. 178-9

Pen, Hand holding, illus. 166, 169, 170

Pencil, Function of a 142

How to Cut, illus. 57

How to Hold, illus. 54, 59, 60

How to Use 56

Pencil-Compasses, desc. 143

How to Hold 143

Penciling, desc. and illus. 139

“Points” 143, 240

Pencil Lines, How to Make 119

Pencils, Sharpening Points of 143, 241

Penknife, illus. 52

Pens, Drawing, illus. 129

Lettering and Figuring, illus. 172

Pentagon, def. 47

To Inscribe in a circle 94

Perimeter, def. 47

Of a Polygon, def. 47

Periphery of a Wheel, def. 200

Perpendicular, def. 47, 252

Perpendicular Lines, How to Draw 31, 61, 62

Perrott, Geo., Acknowledgement 23, 266

Personal, Note from the Author 266

Perspective Drawing def. 47, illus. 250

Definitions of Terms used in 249

Geometrical Terms used in 248

Of a Bridge, illus. 249

Scale or Approximate 257

Vanishing Point, illus. 251

Water Reflection, illus. 246

Perspective, Linear, def. 247

Perspective Plane, def. 250

Picture Plane, desc. 255

In Drawing, illus. 249, 250

In Perspective, illus. 258

Pinion-Wheel, desc. 201

Piston Rod, desc. 223

Pitch Circle in Gearing 200

Pitch Line, Drawing the 209

In Gearing 200

Plan, def. 47

Plan of the Work 21

Plane, in Perspective, def. 249

Plane of the Picture, def. 250

Plane Surface, def. 49

Point, def. 82

Point of Sight, in Perspective Drawing 251

Points, relating to Chalk Drawings 36

To be observed in Sketching 141-2

Useful Hints and 170, 239

Polygon, def. 47

Polyhedron, def. 48

Postulate, def. 83

Pounce, How to Use, desc. 170, 186

Preface 13

Preparatory Practice in Drawing 30

Prism, def. 49

Problems, def. 83

Geometrical 86

Produce, def. 49

Profile, def. 49

Projection, Backward, illus. 153-4

Def. 49

Cylindrical Outline, desc. 159

Cylindrical Surface, illus. 161

Forward desc. 152, illus. 155

Hexagon Nut, illus. 160

Marking Dimensions 150

Lines of Sight 150

Scaling and Measuring in 149

Sight-Lines, illus. 151

Sloping Surface, desc. 159

Spur-Wheel, desc. 162

Projection Drawing, desc. 148

Illus. 149, 151, 153, 154, 155, 157, 158, 160, 161, 163

Principles of 148

Spur-Wheel, illus. 163, 212

Proportional Dividers, illus. 120

Proportions of Teeth of Wheels 210

Proposition, def. 83

Protractor, desc. 128

Pulley and Friction Clutch, illus. 224

Punching Press illus. 222, desc. 223

Quadrant, def. 49

Quadrilateral, def. 47

Quadrisect, def. 49

Rack and Pinion, desc. 205

Radius of a Circle 43

Reading Working Drawings, desc. 229

Rectangle, def. 48

To Construct a 92

Reproducing Drawings, desc. 186

Reverse Curve, def. 44

Rhomboid, def. 48

Rhombus, def. 48

Right-Angle, def. 42

Triangle, def. 50

Robinson, A. W., M. E., note, Office Rules 191

Rolling-Circle in Gear-Wheel 200

Rule, Area of a Circle, To find the 271

Circumference of a Circle, To find the 271

Cylinder, To find the contents of a 271

Diameter of a Circle, To find the 271

Illus. 82

Inscribed Square, To find side of an 271

Parallelogram, To find the area of a 271

Pyramid or Cone, To find the contents of a 271

Radius of a circle, To find the 271

Sphere, To find the contents of a 271

Square, To find the side of an equal 271

Trapezoid, To find the area of a 271

Triangle, To find the area of a 271

Two-foot desc. 127, 128, illus. 128

Wedge, To find the contents of a 271

Rules for Drawing Office 191

Wheels, To find proportions of 209

Sand Paper, Removing surface of paper 168

Scale, Drawing to, desc. 126

Scale Drawings, To read 230

Scale, Flat, illus. 127

Triangular, illus. 127

Scalene Triangle, def. 50

Scale or Approximate Perspective 257

Scale Rule, for Proportions of Teeth 214

Scales, Drawing, desc. 126

Scholium, def. 83

Screw-Thread, U. S. Standard Gauge 280

Scroll or Curve, desc. 117

Universal Curve, illus. 134

Secant of an Arc 99

Section, def. 49

Drawing illus. 163, desc. 160

Sectional, def. 49

Section-Liner, illus. 116

Section Lines in Drawings 240

Section-Lining, Cast-iron, etc., illus. 182

Cog-Wheel, illus. 183

Section-Lining Drawings desc. 182, illus. 183

Wheel Hub, illus. 184

Selecting Drawing Instruments 103, 240

Semi-Circle, def. 43

Sensitized Paper, desc. 188

Set-Square, illus. 102, 114

Shading Curves, illus. 181

Shading Drawings 180

Shadow, def. 49

Shadow Line, def. 46

Shadow Lines, “Points” 241

Sharpening Pencils 57

Shop Drawings, Office Rules 192

Sight, Point of, in Perspective Drawing 252

Sense of 254

Sight Lines in Projection, illus. 157

Sine of an Arc 99

Skew-Gearing, desc. 203

Sketch Books, desc. 142

Office Practice 194

Sketches, details 142

Sketch, Free-hand, Advantage of 55

Sketching desc. 141, note 17

Points to be observed in 141-2

Sloping Surface in Projection desc. 159, illus. 166

Solid, def. 49, 83

Solid Pattern, def. 47

Speed of Gears 208

Sphere, def. 49

Spiral Curve, def. 44

Spring Bows illus. 122, 123, desc. 124

Spur-Gear desc. 201, illus. 211

Spur Mortise-Wheel, illus. 202

Spur-Wheel, desc. 199, 216

How to Draw 209

Illus. 198

Projection desc. 162, illus. 163

Teeth of cast-iron, desc. 202

Square, def. 48

To Convert into an Octagon 95

To Describe about a Circle 94

To Inscribe in a Circle 93

Standards, for U. S. 278

Office Rules for 193

Steady Rest, Scale, illus. 228

Straight Line, def. 46

To Draw a Perpendicular to a 86

Drawing Figures of 66-7-8

How to Draw a 57, 59

To Bisect a 86

Steel, Section-Lining, illus. 182

Steel Gears, Economy of 216

Surface, def. 49, 82

Symbols, representing Materials 193

Table of Areas of Circles 273-277

Bolts, Standard Sizes of 280

Circular Measure 272

Circumferences of Circles 273-277

Contents 24

Decimal Equivalents 269

Diameters of Circles 273-277

Land Measure 272

Metric Equivalents 270

Pipe, Standard Sizes of Welded 279

Roman Figures 272

Solid Measure 272

Wire Gauges 278

Useful for Draughtsmen 266-280

Tangent of an Arc, def. 99

To Draw a, to a Circle 91

Tee-Iron, illus. 75

Tee-Square, Adjustable, desc. and illus. 113

Desc. 112

How to Use, illus. 111, 147

Illus. 102, 112

Points about 242

Teeth in Bevel Gears, desc. 204

Terms and Definitions, Preliminary 41

Test-Pieces, Use of, in Blue Prints 188

Tetrahedron, def. 48

Theorem, def. 83

Thumb-Tack illus. 109, desc. 110

Tints and Colors, desc. 184

Title and Date, on Sketches 142

Title, Date, Scale, etc., Office Rules for 192

Title Page vii

Tracing-Cloth, desc. 186

Tracings, Office Rules for Keeping 195

Tinted and Shaded, desc. 184

Trammels, desc. and illus. 125

Trapezium, def. 48

Trapezoid, def. 48

Trestles, Drawing-Board, desc. and illus. 110

Triangle, def. 50

To Describe a Circle about a 93

Triangle, or Set-Square, desc. and illus. 114

How to Use desc. 147, illus. 166

Triangles, illus. 102

To Construct 92

Trigonometry, principles and def. 98

Trisect, def. 50

Trundle Wheel desc. 201, illus. 208

Two-foot Rule, illus. 128

U. S. Standards, Pipes 279

Upright Lines, How to Draw 61

Useful Tables for Draughtsmen 269-280

Valve, Blow-off desc. 174, illus. 175

Valve Gear, or Link Motion, illus. 225

Vanishing Point, def. and illus. 251

In Drawing, illus. 250

In Perspective Drawing 252

Varnish, Shellac, for Drawings 241

Versed Sine of an Arc 99

Vertex, def. 51

Of an Angle, def. 42

Vertical, def. 51, 251

Vertical Lines, in Perspective 257

Vertical-Plane, def. 249

View, def. 51

Visual Ray in Perspective Drawing 256

Visual Rays of Light desc. 252, illus. 255

Vulcanite, Section-Lining, illus. 182

Water Reflection in Perspective Drawing, illus. 246

Wheel, Bevel, A, illus. 203

Crown, illus. 208

Helical, A, illus. 207

Hub, Section-Lining, illus. 184

Internal Gear, desc. 201, 207

Miter, A, illus. 204

Proportions of the Teeth of a 210

Spur illus. 198, desc. 199, 201

Worm, desc. 201

Wood, Section-Lining, illus. 182

Working Drawing, Bending Machine 220-1

Def. 51

Illus. 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228

Bumping Post, illus. 226

Points, etc. 243

Power Punching Press 222

Numbering a, Office Rules for 195

To Read a 229

Working Drawings, desc. 219, 227

Worm-Gear, desc. 206

Worm-Wheel desc. 201, illus. 206

Speed of a 216

Wrench, illus. 75

Wrist-Lines, illus. 64

Wrought-Iron, Section-Lining, illus. 182