Note 7 — URBIS RŌMAE VIRĪ INLŪSTRĒS Complete text as printed

4.7 It has been suggested that the name Rōmulus is derived from Rōma, and that this in turn was made from an ancient word Rumon, ‘river.’ Rōma would then be ‘the town by the river,’ ‘Rivertown’ (cf. English ‘Watertown,’ etc.), and Rōmulus would be ‘the man from Rivertown.’

4.8 dēsum.

4.9 in proximō: ‘near by.’ Phrases consisting of a preposition and a neuter adjective are common, and have the force of adjectives or adverbs.

4.10 This grove lay between the two summits of the Capitoline Hill.

4.11 vīs often means ‘number,’ as here, or ‘quantity’; ‘power’ is used in the same sense in some parts of Great Britain.

4.12 cum: ‘since’: H 598 (517): M 863: A 326: G 586: B 286, 2.

5.1 = Rōmulus. Cf. ipsam, I, 5.

5.2 mittō.

5.3 quī . . . peterent: rel. clause of purpose; see p. xviii, E 2, and H 590 (497, I): M 835: A 317, 2: G 630: B 282, 2.

5.4 In early times the right of intermarriage did not exist between neighboring tribes, except by special treaty.

5.5 Sc. est, which, like esse, is often omitted with the passive, especially in rapid narrative.

5.6 = esset: H 205, 2 (204, 2): M 327: A 119, N.: G 116, N. 1, c: B 100, N. 2.

5.7 indīcī . . . iubet: ‘he bids a show to be announced.’ Such an announcement would carry with it an invitation to be present.

5.8 Cf. p. 2, n. 21.

5.9 i.e. they were not only interested in the games, but they were also curious to see the new city.

5.10 = in spectāculum.

5.11 convertō.

5.12 mentēs cum oculīs: ‘minds and eyes alike.’ The emphasis is on mentēs; they were thinking only of the show.

5.13 In rapid historical narrative, clauses are often set side by side without a connective. See also n. 5 above.

5.14 Haec, referring to the matters related in the preceding paragraph, should theoretically be neuter, but is feminine because the predicate noun causa is feminine. Such attraction is the rule in Latin. H 396, 2 (445, 4): A 195, d: G 211, 5: B 246, 5.

5.15 ob virginēs raptās: ‘on account of the stolen maidens’ = ‘on account of the seizure of the maidens.’ A participle agreeing with a noun is preferred in Latin to an abstract noun with a dependent genitive.

5.16 sūmō.

5.17 dat.; why?

5.18 ‘they happened upon’ (nancīscor).

5.19 forte . . . ierat: ‘had gone by chance’ = ‘happened to have gone.’ Forte is often best rendered by a clause: ‘as it happened,’ or ‘it so happened.’

5.20 supine denoting purpose; see p. xviii, E 6, and H 633 (546): M 1005: A 302: G 435: B 340, 1.

6.1 The subjunctive here, as in gererent, is due to implied indirect discourse; sī perdūxisset represents the fut. perf. indic. of direct discourse sī perdūxeris, ‘if you shall have led’ = ‘if you (shall) lead’; H 646 (527, I): M 1034, 1038: A 337: G 656-7: B 319, B.

6.2 ‘that which.’

6.3 manus often = ‘arm,’ just as pēs = ‘leg.’

6.4 gererent: either ‘wore’ or ‘bore.’ Tarpeia meant it in the former sense; Tatius chose to understand it in the latter.

6.5 Why abl.?

6.6 et ea = ea quoque: ‘these too,’ as well as the armillae and ānulī.

6.7 Sc. manibus.

6.8 Note the tense; they had had these, too, on their arms when the bargain was struck.

6.9 See Vocab., Forum.

6.10 Prīmō impetū: ‘in the very first charge.’ The ablative fixes the time of cecidit.

6.11 inter . . . īnsīgnis: ‘the most conspicuous of the Romans.’ How literally?

6.12 abl. of specification.

6.13 = morte. The abl. includes the ideas of means and cause.

6.14 ‘hosts.’ The relation of host and guest was regarded by the Romans, as by other ancient peoples, as peculiarly sacred.

6.15 longē aliud . . . aliud: ‘one thing . . . quite another.’ Note here the difference between the English and the Latin idiom.

6.16 Infinitives, because the clauses in which they stand are subjects of esse; H 615 (538): M 972: A 270: G 422: B 377.

6.17 This temple was called the Temple of Iuppiter Stator, i.e. the ‘Stayer,’ the god who had stayed the army’s flight.

6.18 resistō: ‘maintained its ground,’ ‘held its own,’ as contrasted with its previous flight (fugere coepērunt).

6.19 crīnibus passīs (pandō): ‘with streaming hair.’

6.20 ‘by beseeching’; the abl. of the gerund (ōrandō) might have been used.

6.21 foedere . . . īctō (īcō): ‘having struck a treaty.’ How literally? The abl. abs. is one of the regular substitutes in Latin for the missing perfect active participle. In the phrase foedus īcere, the verb suggests the striking of the victims in the sacrifice which accompanied the making of the treaty.

7.1 rēgnum . . . sociāvit: i.e. henceforth there were two kings.

7.2 By the inhabitants of Laurentum, whose ambassadors he had insulted.

7.3 Note the force of the prefix: the sovereignty ‘came back,’ or ‘devolved again’ upon Romulus, precisely as before he shared it with Tatius.

7.4 abl. of means.

7.5 Cf. p. 5, n. 3.

7.6 See Vocab., eques.

7.7 ‘When’: H 600, II (521, II): M 858: A 325: G 585: B 288.

7.8 ad . . . lūstrandum = ut . . . lūstrāret. What does the gerundive construction express?

7.9 Sc. Mārtiō. See Vocab., campus, and map, p. xxviii.

7.10 Caprae palūdem: ‘Goat Swamp.’

7.11 auferō.

7.12 crēditus est: we would say: ‘it was believed that he,’ etc.; Latin prefers the personal construction, and says: ‘he was believed to have,’ etc.

7.13 cuī . . . fēcit: literally ‘for which thing he made (i.e. secured) belief (i.e. general acceptance).’

7.14 What does the abl. abs. here express? See p. xxiii, K 6.

7.15 prōcēdō.

7.16 Sc. esse. vīsum esse and praecipere depend on adfīrmāns: see H 642 (523, I): M 1023: A 336, 2: G 650: B 314: and p. xxv, M 4.

7.17 augustiōre fōrmā: ‘of more imposing presence’ (than he was while on earth); abl. of characteristic, H 473, 2 (419, II): M 643: A 251: G 400: B 224.

7.18 i.e. Rōmulum.

7.19 Note the change of tense from that in vīsum (esse) above. Proculus actually said: (Rōmulus) praecipit, i.e. he used the historical present. Above vīsum (esse) represents vīsus est of the direct discourse.

7.20 substantive clause of purpose; H 565 (498, I): M 892: A 331: G 546: B 295, 4.

7.21 futūrum ut . . . exsisterent gives the statement, not of Proculus, but of Romulus himself. The inf. futūrum (esse) depends on a verb of saying implied in praecipere. Romulus said exsistētis. Since, however, exsistō has no supine and so no future participle, no direct future infinitive can be formed from it. Hence the phrase futūrum ut with subjunctive becomes necessary: ‘it would happen that they would become,’ etc.

8.1 ‘in honor of Romulus’; dat. of advantage.

8.2 With cōnstitūta and cultus (colō) sc. est.

8.3 For the omission of the conjunction before ipse, cf. p. 5, n. 13.