Note 1 — URBIS RŌMAE VIRĪ INLŪSTRĒS Complete text as printed
Reading edition
1 Proca was the twelfth king of Alba Longa.
1.2 nātū māior: ‘greater by birth’ = ‘elder.’
1.3 from relinquō.
1.4 pulsō (pellō) frātre: abl. abs.; ‘his brother having been driven out’ (pass.) = ‘having driven out,’ or ‘when he had driven out his brother’ (act.): H 489 (431): M 638: A 255: G 409: B 227.
1.5 ut prīvāret: purpose: H 568 (497, II): M 893: A 317, 1: G 545: B 282.
1.6 abl. of separation: H 462 (414, I): M 601: A 243, a: G 405: B 214, 1, c.
2.1 See Voc., Vesta.
2.2 quae = sed ea.
2.3 ēdō.
2.4 eā rē cōgnitā (cōgnōscō): cf. p. 1, n. 4.
2.5 i.e. Rhea Silvia.
2.6 coniciō.
2.7 dat. with compound verb: H 429 (386): M 534: A 228: G 347: B 187, III.
2.8 impositōs (impōnō) abiēcit (abiciō) = imposuit et abiēcit. English is fond of coördination of clauses; Latin prefers to subordinate clause to clause. Hence, in general, Latin avoids two coördinated verbs. See p. xxiv, L 5, and H 639 (549, 5): A 292, R.: G 664, R. 1, 2: B 337, 2.
2.9 effundō.
2.10 abl. of means: H 476 (420): M 645: A 248, c, 1: G 401: B 218.
2.11 ad vāgītum: ‘to (their) squalling,’ i.e. to them as they were crying.
2.12 mātrem sē gessit (gerō): ‘conducted herself, acted like a mother.’
2.13 not only ‘when,’ but also ‘because the wolf kept coming back.’ See p. xxii, J.
2.14 ‘very often.’ The comparative often has this intensive force.
2.15 adj. = the genitive of rēx.
2.16 rē . . . tulit (ferō) = rem animadvertit et eōs tulit; cf. p. xxiii, K 10.
2.17 dō.
2.18 = ut ēducārentur. The gerundive expresses purpose here, as often. See p. xviii, E 4: H 622 (544, N. 2): M 994: A 294, d: G 430: B 337, 7, 2.
2.19 adultī (adolēscō): ‘having grown’ = ‘when grown.’
2.20 lūdicrīs certāminibus: ‘with playful contests,’—such as running, wrestling, and boxing. For the case, cf. n. 10.
2.21 = auxērunt (augeō).
2.22 The abl. of the gerund here denotes manner.
2.23 ‘from the seizure of’ = ‘from stealing.’
2.24 = ‘but Romulus.’
3.1 compellō.
3.2 indir. quest.: H 649, II (529, I): M 810: A 334: G 467: B 300.
3.3 See p. 1, n. 4.
3.4 acc. of limit without preposition: H 418 (380, II): M 515: A 258, b: G 337: B 182, 1, a; cf. English ‘to go home.’
3.5 perdūcō.
3.6 ‘because, as they said’; quasi often denotes a statement or thought of some person other than the writer himself. See p. xxi, H 5.
3.7 soleō.
3.8 ad supplicium: ‘to be punished’; ad with its noun often denotes purpose.
3.9 aetātem . . . comparāret: ‘compared his age with his nature, (which was) by no means that of a slave’; i.e. his appearance and demeanor indicated that he belonged to a higher station than the shepherds.
3.10 haud . . . āgnōsceret: ‘he came very near to recognizing him’; how literally? In this construction quīn = ut nōn, and the subjunctive is one of result: H 595 (504): M 913: A 319, d: G 555: B 284, 3.
3.11 abl. of specification: H 480 (424): M 650: A 253: G 397: B 226, 1.
3.12 similis is construed with both gen. and dat.
3.13 ‘very like’; cf. a similar use of the comparative in l. 16.
3.14 dum, ‘while,’ regularly takes the pres. indic. where English uses the imperfect: H 533, 4 (467, 4): M 917: A 276, e: G 570, R.: B 293.
3.15 historical presents: H 532, 3 (467, III): M 734: A 276, d: G 229: B 259, 3.
3.16 expōnō.
3.17 condō.
3.18 ortā (orior) . . . contentiōne = ‘because a strife arose’; see p. xxiii, K 4.
3.19 indir. quest. depending on contentiōne; cf. n. 2. The strife centered in the question, “Which of us shall rule?”
3.20 Romulus stood on the Palatine Hill, and Remus on the Aventine.
3.21 dēcernō.
3.22 ‘first.’
4.1 ‘by virtue of the augury’; abl. of cause: H 475 (416): M 612: A 245: G 408: B 219.
4.2 Ad . . . tūtēlam: ‘to guard the new city.’ Cf. p. 3, n. 8.
4.3 Render ‘its.’ Latin is fond of closely connecting successive clauses, and for this purpose often employs a relative pronoun, where English uses a simple demonstrative, or a demonstrative or personal pronoun with a conjunction,—generally and, often but or for: cf. p. 2, n. 2.
4.4 ‘in anger.’ An adjective may often be best rendered by an adverb or adverbial phrase.
4.5 Sc. pereat (subjunctive of wish).
4.6 H 477, I (421, I): M 646: A 249: G 407: B 218, 1.