Scientific American, Volume 56, No. 9, February 26, 1887ICE & REFRIGERATINGReading editionChapter navigation126 reading sectionsGo to chapterChoose a chapter…Scientific AmericanIMPROVED CALORIC ENGINE.Naval Architecture During the Last Half Century.A Three Cylinder Locomotive.Scientific American. ESTABLISHED 1845.TERMS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.The Scientific American SupplementScientific American Export Edition.NEW YORK, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1887.Introductory materialNEW AMENDMENT OF THE DESIGN PATENT LAW.ARE STEEL GUNS REALLY SUPERIOR?THE COCAINE HABIT.Pyrofuxin—a New Tanning Substance from Coal.Castner's New Method for Producing Sodium.Preventive Medicine.The Peace Army of the United States.A Solid Life Insurance Company.EMERY WHEELS FOR GUMMING SAWS.THE FRILLED SHARK—THE OLDEST LIVING TYPE OF VERTEBRATES.COMBINED BENCH AND IRONING BOARD.IMPROVED BLIND STOP.The British Armament at Victoria.A SIMPLE DEVICE FOR CRIMPING BOOTS OR SHOES.PLASTERER'S HAWK.ADJUSTABLE WOOD MEASURING RACK.Steel Rail Capacity of the United States.PENBERTHY INJECTOR.PROTECTOR FOR LADIES' HATS.IMPROVED STUMP PULLER.The Defense of New York within Thirty Days' Time.Electroplating with Platinum.COMBINED BRUSH AND COMB CLEANER.Coincidence of Charleston Earthquake with a Reported Eruption in the Tonga Group.Incendiary Birds.Charcoal as Fossil.Phosphorescent Birds.Canned Fish, Meats, etc.OUR WINTER BIRDS. BY E. M. HASBROUCK.THERMOSCOPIC BALANCE. BY GEO. M. HOPKINS.The Duration of the Sun.IMPROVED MARINE DREDGER.Hydraulic Dredging at Washington.A New Sugar Process.THE NORTHERN LIGHTS.The Latest Yankee Craze.EFFECT OF A TORPEDO ON AN IRONCLAD.Steel Wire Brush Patent.How Long Should a Nervous Patient be Treated?TORPEDO BOAT ARMED WITH PNEUMATIC DYNAMITE GUNS.The Strength of Snails.CHEVREUL'S BLACK. T. O'CONOR SLOANE, PH.D.The American Exhibition, London.ENGINEERING INVENTIONS.AGRICULTURAL INVENTIONS.MISCELLANEOUS INVENTIONS.NEW BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS.Business and Personal.HINTS TO CORRESPONDENTS.TO INVENTORS.INDEX OF INVENTIONS For which Letters Patent of the United States were Granted February 8, 1887, AND EACH BEARING THAT DATE.FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY Office: Nos. 346 & 348 Broadway, New York. JANUARY 1, 1887.TRUSTEES.Advertisements.SPECIAL MACHINERYCALDWELLS CONVEYOR CALDWELL'S SPIRAL STEEL CONVEYOR, 131-133 West Washington St., Chicago, IllCATALOGUES FREE TO ANY ADDRESS TOOLS OF ALL KINDS TOOLS GOODNOW & WIGHTMAN BOSTONSEBASTIAN, MAY & CO'S Improved Screw Cutting LATHES Foot & PowerST. PAUL AND NEWPORT IMPROVEMENT COMPANY. CAPITAL $2,000,000.MALLEABLE AND FINE GRAY IRON ALSO STEEL CASTINGS FROM SPECIAL PATTERNS FINE TINNING JAPANNING AND FINISHING. THOMAS DEVLIN & CO. LEHIGH AVE. & AMERICAN ST. PHILA.Print Your Own Cards!Barnes' Pat. Foot and Hand Power MACHINERY, $15.AUTOCOPYISTSyracuse Malleable Iron WorksROCK DRILLS.Edco SystemA FEW CHOICE TECHNICAL BOOKS. RECENTLY PUBLISHED.The Techno-Chemical Receipt Book: NOW READY.CURE FOR THE DEAFRUBBER BELTING, PACKING, HOSE. Oldest and Largest Manufacturers in the United States. VULCANIZED RUBBER FABRICS For Mechanical Purposes.Air Brake Hose A Specialty.SHAFTING DEPARTMENT EDISON MACHINE WORKS. Couplings, Hangers, Shafting, Pulleys. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. Salesroom, 19 DEY STREET, New York.ARTESIANRECENT PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY.Handle for Rubber Stamps.To ManufacturersTHE CHEAPEST AND BEST: Photo Engraving Co 67 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK. ENGRAVING FOR ALL ILLUSTRATIVE AND ADVERTISING PURPOSESTHE PHONOGRAPHIC MAGAZINEICE & REFRIGERATINGPULLEYS, HANGERS, FRICTION CLUTCHES.REID'S LIGHTNING BRACE SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR LIGHT BORING, SCREW DRIVING &c. NICKEL PLATED, WITH 2 BITS ROSEWOOD TRIMMINGS 2.75 POST PAID. A. H. REID. 1635 BARKER ST. PHILA. Agents Wanted.WIRE ROPE Trenton Iron Co. WORKS and OFFICE, TRENTON, N. J.THE BEST STEAM PUMP.LEGS & ARMS,STEAM ENGINES.SCIENTIFIC BOOKS.HARRISON CONVEYOR!HOISTING ENGINES and Boilers for every possible duty. New catalogue ready. LIDGERWOOD MANUFACTURING CO., 96 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK.The Caligraph. LIFE IS TOO SHORT TO WRITE THE OLD WAYPatents in Brazil and Mexico.Cutler's Pocket InhalerFOREIGN PATENTS. Their Cost Reduced.Advertisements.CHARTER'S Gas Engine.Mineral Lands Prospected.SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES. SHEET BRASS, BRASSWIREREMINGTON Standard Typewriter.PATENTS."THE STANDARD." H.W.JOHNS' ASBESTOS BOILER COVERINGSPLAY THE PIANO AND ORGANChandler & Farquhar, 177 Washington St., BOSTON.The Original Unvulcanized PackingJENKINS BROS.GAS ENGINES.PIPE COVERINGSSHIELDS & BROWNVIOLIN OUTFITS.HARTFORD STEAM BOILER HARTFORD. CONN. INSPECTION AND INSURANCE CO.THE BOOMER & BOSCHERT PRESSES.Lard Press. Baling Press Oil Press. Cider Press Baling Press.THE AMERICAN BELL TELEPHONE CO. 95 MILK ST., BOSTON, MASS.SHEPARD'S NEW $60 Screw-Cutting Foot Lathe.PULLEYS. Order from our "Special List." THE JOHN T. NOYE MFG. CO., BUFFALO, N. Y.PROSPECTUS OF THE Scientific AmericanTHE Scientific American Supplement.PRINTING INKS.Previous chapter ←THE PHONOGRAPHIC MAGAZINENext chapter →PULLEYS, HANGERS, FRICTION CLUTCHES.All chapters and sections (126)Other sectionsScientific AmericanIMPROVED CALORIC ENGINE.Naval Architecture During the Last Half Century.A Three Cylinder Locomotive.Scientific American. ESTABLISHED 1845.TERMS FOR THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.The Scientific American SupplementScientific American Export Edition.NEW YORK, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1887.Opening pagesIntroductory materialOther sectionsNEW AMENDMENT OF THE DESIGN PATENT LAW.ARE STEEL GUNS REALLY SUPERIOR?THE COCAINE HABIT.Pyrofuxin—a New Tanning Substance from Coal.Castner's New Method for Producing Sodium.Preventive Medicine.The Peace Army of the United States.A Solid Life Insurance Company.EMERY WHEELS FOR GUMMING SAWS.THE FRILLED SHARK—THE OLDEST LIVING TYPE OF VERTEBRATES.COMBINED BENCH AND IRONING BOARD.IMPROVED BLIND STOP.The British Armament at Victoria.A SIMPLE DEVICE FOR CRIMPING BOOTS OR SHOES.PLASTERER'S HAWK.ADJUSTABLE WOOD MEASURING RACK.Steel Rail Capacity of the United States.PENBERTHY INJECTOR.PROTECTOR FOR LADIES' HATS.IMPROVED STUMP PULLER.The Defense of New York within Thirty Days' Time.Electroplating with Platinum.COMBINED BRUSH AND COMB CLEANER.Coincidence of Charleston Earthquake with a Reported Eruption in the Tonga Group.Incendiary Birds.Charcoal as Fossil.Phosphorescent Birds.Canned Fish, Meats, etc.OUR WINTER BIRDS. BY E. M. HASBROUCK.THERMOSCOPIC BALANCE. BY GEO. M. HOPKINS.The Duration of the Sun.IMPROVED MARINE DREDGER.Hydraulic Dredging at Washington.A New Sugar Process.THE NORTHERN LIGHTS.The Latest Yankee Craze.EFFECT OF A TORPEDO ON AN IRONCLAD.Steel Wire Brush Patent.How Long Should a Nervous Patient be Treated?TORPEDO BOAT ARMED WITH PNEUMATIC DYNAMITE GUNS.The Strength of Snails.CHEVREUL'S BLACK. T. O'CONOR SLOANE, PH.D.The American Exhibition, London.ENGINEERING INVENTIONS.AGRICULTURAL INVENTIONS.MISCELLANEOUS INVENTIONS.NEW BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS.Business and Personal.HINTS TO CORRESPONDENTS.TO INVENTORS.INDEX OF INVENTIONS For which Letters Patent of the United States were Granted February 8, 1887, AND EACH BEARING THAT DATE.FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY Office: Nos. 346 & 348 Broadway, New York. JANUARY 1, 1887.TRUSTEES.Advertisements.SPECIAL MACHINERYCALDWELLS CONVEYOR CALDWELL'S SPIRAL STEEL CONVEYOR, 131-133 West Washington St., Chicago, IllCATALOGUES FREE TO ANY ADDRESS TOOLS OF ALL KINDS TOOLS GOODNOW & WIGHTMAN BOSTONSEBASTIAN, MAY & CO'S Improved Screw Cutting LATHES Foot & PowerST. PAUL AND NEWPORT IMPROVEMENT COMPANY. CAPITAL $2,000,000.MALLEABLE AND FINE GRAY IRON ALSO STEEL CASTINGS FROM SPECIAL PATTERNS FINE TINNING JAPANNING AND FINISHING. THOMAS DEVLIN & CO. LEHIGH AVE. & AMERICAN ST. PHILA.Print Your Own Cards!Barnes' Pat. Foot and Hand Power MACHINERY, $15.AUTOCOPYISTSyracuse Malleable Iron WorksROCK DRILLS.Edco SystemA FEW CHOICE TECHNICAL BOOKS. RECENTLY PUBLISHED.The Techno-Chemical Receipt Book: NOW READY.CURE FOR THE DEAFRUBBER BELTING, PACKING, HOSE. Oldest and Largest Manufacturers in the United States. VULCANIZED RUBBER FABRICS For Mechanical Purposes.Air Brake Hose A Specialty.SHAFTING DEPARTMENT EDISON MACHINE WORKS. Couplings, Hangers, Shafting, Pulleys. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. Salesroom, 19 DEY STREET, New York.ARTESIANRECENT PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY.Handle for Rubber Stamps.To ManufacturersTHE CHEAPEST AND BEST: Photo Engraving Co 67 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK. ENGRAVING FOR ALL ILLUSTRATIVE AND ADVERTISING PURPOSESTHE PHONOGRAPHIC MAGAZINEICE & REFRIGERATINGPULLEYS, HANGERS, FRICTION CLUTCHES.REID'S LIGHTNING BRACE SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR LIGHT BORING, SCREW DRIVING &c. NICKEL PLATED, WITH 2 BITS ROSEWOOD TRIMMINGS 2.75 POST PAID. A. H. REID. 1635 BARKER ST. PHILA. Agents Wanted.WIRE ROPE Trenton Iron Co. WORKS and OFFICE, TRENTON, N. J.THE BEST STEAM PUMP.LEGS & ARMS,STEAM ENGINES.SCIENTIFIC BOOKS.HARRISON CONVEYOR!HOISTING ENGINES and Boilers for every possible duty. New catalogue ready. LIDGERWOOD MANUFACTURING CO., 96 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK.The Caligraph. LIFE IS TOO SHORT TO WRITE THE OLD WAYPatents in Brazil and Mexico.Cutler's Pocket InhalerFOREIGN PATENTS. Their Cost Reduced.Advertisements.CHARTER'S Gas Engine.Mineral Lands Prospected.SEAMLESS BRASS & COPPER TUBES. SHEET BRASS, BRASSWIREREMINGTON Standard Typewriter.PATENTS."THE STANDARD." H.W.JOHNS' ASBESTOS BOILER COVERINGSPLAY THE PIANO AND ORGANChandler & Farquhar, 177 Washington St., BOSTON.The Original Unvulcanized PackingJENKINS BROS.GAS ENGINES.PIPE COVERINGSSHIELDS & BROWNVIOLIN OUTFITS.HARTFORD STEAM BOILER HARTFORD. CONN. INSPECTION AND INSURANCE CO.THE BOOMER & BOSCHERT PRESSES.Lard Press. Baling Press Oil Press. Cider Press Baling Press.THE AMERICAN BELL TELEPHONE CO. 95 MILK ST., BOSTON, MASS.SHEPARD'S NEW $60 Screw-Cutting Foot Lathe.PULLEYS. Order from our "Special List." THE JOHN T. NOYE MFG. CO., BUFFALO, N. Y.PROSPECTUS OF THE Scientific AmericanTHE Scientific American Supplement.PRINTING INKS.Machines. York Patent. YORK MFG. CO., York, Pa.◇← THE PHONOGRAPHIC MAGAZINEPULLEYS, HANGERS, FRICTION CLUTCHES. →