INDEX

Agricola (Georgius) on salt-making, 15, 18, 56

America, salt-making in, 127–135

—, vacuum system in, 135

Brine, battle of the, 121

—, composition of, 7

—, economy in production of, by Furnival, 78

—, evaporation of, 3

—, Dr. Jackson on the process, 56–60

—, old reservoirs of, 104

—, output at Northwich, 53

—, treatment of, in early days, 40

Brine-making, methods of Dr. Jackson, Rastel, Lowndes, Brownrigg, Chrysel, Furnival, Holland, 56–73

Brine-tapping, improved process described, 106, 107

Camden’s Britannia, derivation of suffix “wich,” 32

—, supply and treatment of brine described, 40, 42

Chambers’s Journal, a subsidence described, 113, 114

Cheshire, the “wiches” of, 32, 34

—, extent of deposits in, 83–96

Chrysel, persecution of, 71

Domesday Book, references to salt works in Cheshire, rules governing the trade, 34–37

Droitwich, salt-making there, A.D. 816, 33

Furnival, Wm., introduces steam heat, 76

—, economy in production by; alarm of salt proprietors, 78

—, persecution of, a victim to Cheshire salt proprietors, 76–82

—, his patents, 77;

—, his end, 82

Hodgkinson (Jas.), his system, 76, 138–141

Holland (Philemon), 32

Holland (Sir Thos.), his eulogy of the Hodgkinson process, 141

Jackson, (Dr. W.), 56

Johnson (Geo.), account of treatment of brine by, 42, 43

King’s Vale Royal, particulars relating to Cheshire salt districts, 43, 44

Lakes, or “Flashes,” 103, 104, 112, 113

Lowndes (Thos.), improved method of brine-making by, 62, 65

—, persecution of, 71

Marbury, discovery of salt at, in 1670, 97

Marbury Pipe, 54, 122, 123

Martindale (Adam), Communication to Royal Soc., 97

Mendeléeff, on crystallization, 5

Middlewich owners and number of salt-houses at, 51

—, output at, 54

Nantwich owners and number of salt-houses at; decline of industry at, 51, 53

Nevada, rock-salt at, 3

New York, salt-springs in; methods employed there, 127

Northwich, Adelaide Marston mine, 98

—, earliest manufacture in England, 32

—, output of brine at, 53

—, the “Walling Booke” of, 48

Ormerod, on the origin of the salt field of Cheshire, 84, 85

Rainfalls, cycles of, affecting salt deposits, 91

Rastel (Dr. Thos.), method of evaporation of brine at Droitwich, 60–62

Rock-salt, purest in Hungary, 1;

rarely found pure, ib.

Rock-salt Mining—a dead industry; method of working, 101–103

Royal Society, Phil. Trans., 56, 60

Rumania, deposits in, 20, 26

—, estimated reserves and annual output, 28

Salt, Adelaide Marston mine, 98

—, ancient orders concerning, 44–48

—, beginnings of the industry, 8, 9, 10

—, chemistry and properties of, 1

—, Chinese methods of making, 11

—, colour of, 2

—, convict labour, 20

—, crystals in, 4

—, decline of industry at Nantwich, 52, 53

—, depth and thickness of deposit at Northwich, 90

—, discovery of, at Marbury in 1670, 97

—, Domesday Book—reference to salt in A.D. 1084, 33

—, earliest manufacture in England, 32

—, effect upon sea-water, 2

—, experiments for removal of impurities in, 30, 31

—, formation and extent of Cheshire deposits, 83–96

—, importation of, 38

—, Italian method of making, 12

—, Japanese methods of making, 12

—, lectures on, by Ward (Thos.), 126

—, Mendeléeff on, 6

—, method of working top and bottom beds, 100

—, name first given, 1

—, Portuguese and Spanish method of making, 14

—, preservative property of, 6, 9

—, Rastel’s account of clarifying, 61, 62

—, solubility of, 2

—, symbol of sanctity, 9

—, theories respecting deposits, 85–90

—, Prof. Thompson’s calculations, 92–96

—, value in agriculture, 6

Salt-beds, area of Cheshire, 92

“Salt-licks,” 8

Salt-makers, conservatism of, 18

Salt-making, methods of, 125–129

—, methods employed in America, 127, 135

—, processes of, 127

—, vacuum system, 135, et seqq.

Salt-Market, the, 142–147

—, mines, collapse of, various dates, 103, 107, 108

Salt-pans, recovery of old, 39

Salt-trade, competition in, 144, 145

Salt Union, 54

— —, alleged rights of, 123, 124

— —, “Battle of the Brine,” 121

— —, brine carrying by, 122, 123

— —, large capital of, 145

— —, newspaper comments, 146–147

— —, opposition to new processes by, 142

— —, Wharton Works, 79–81

Subsidences, 97–123

—, causes of, 108–112

—, described 113

—, damage to property, 115, 116

—, Compensation Bill, 120, 121

—, legal aspects of, 117–121

—, resentment of townspeople, 117

—, pumpers responsible for, 117

Thompson (Prof. Jas.), his calculations, 92–96

“Wallers,” derivation of name, 40

“Walling Booke of Northwich” (Harleian MS. in British Museum containing earliest list of “wich-houses” and their owners), 48, 50, 51

Ward (Thos.), lecturer on salt, 126

“Wich,” derivation of the name, 33

Wieliezka rock-salt at, 1

—, works at, 20–26

Winsford, output at, 53, 55

THE END

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