Part 3 — Index.
Reading edition
Abandoned farms, 303.
Aggregation, disadvantages of, 197;
limit to, 196;
of forces, 57;
of industry, 191.
Aims of industry, 21.
“Anarchy,” 329.
Annual fluctuations in prices, 91, 98, 100, 104.
Arbitration in labor conflicts, 268.
Assessment, direct taxes, 353.
Association, complex, 55;
compound, 56;
methods of, 55;
simple, 55.
“Autonomy,” 328.
Balance of trade, 152.
Bank business, 148;
inspection, 151;
liabilities, 155;
loans, 153;
resources, 155.
Banking, safety of, 155.
Banks and banking, 140;
described, 141;
government, 147;
national, 144;
state, 136.
Bankruptcy, 179.
Beef prices, 100-106.
Bimetalism, 126, 128.
Bonanza farms, 201.
Bonds, exemption from taxation, 369;
deferred payment, 160.
Borrowed money, 164, 284.
Borrowers and lenders, 154.
Bounties, 207.
Boycott, the, 262.
Business security, 224.
Capital a timesaver, 40;
circulating or fixed, 40;
conservative, 44;
defined and classified, 38;
distinguished from wealth, 38;
floating, 43;
in farming, 43;
of a country, 39;
proceeds of, 279;
prudent adjustment of, 314;
“timid,” 44;
unproductive, 42.
Cattle, numbers of, 9, 83.
Character in production, 47.
Cheap living, 237.
Cheap money drives out good, 125.
Churches, taxes on, 354.
Civilization, developing, 53.
Clearing house, 149.
Clearing systems, 150.
Coinage, 118;
of the United States, 119.
Coin a country's capital, 133;
as currency, 131.
“Collectivism,” 331.
Combinations for farming, 204;
for production, advantages, 193.
Commerce overestimated, 61.
“Communism,” 330.
Compensation, actual and nominal, 236.
Complex association, 55.
Compound association, 56.
Conclusion, 373.
Conflict between wage-earners and profit-makers, 257.
Conservative influence as security for business, 224.
Consumption, coöperative, 335;
for growth, 317;
luxurious, 319;
of wealth, 307;
wasteful, 322.
Contents, table of, xi.
Control of natural forces, 28.
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Coöperative consumption, 335;
industry, 272;
stores, etc., 335.
Copyright, 210.
Corn, acreage and yield, 84;
prices of, New York, 87-91;
consumption of, 84.
Cost and value, 69.
Courts of arbitration, 268.
Cows, numbers of, 9, 83.
Credit by accounts, 133;
by due bills, 134;
currency, 135, 117;
expanding, 167;
expansion, 158.
Credits, taxation of, 359.
Crops in United States since 1850, 10;
yield of, 83-86.
Crop-year, 78.
Currency, 130;
advantages of national bank, 146;
credit, 135.
Custom, or duty, 357.
Deferred settlement and credit expansion, 158;
in exchange, 138.
Department stores, 203.
Destructive consumption, 324.
Developing civilization, 53.
Diminishing returns, law of, 79.
Discipline in production, 47.
Distribution of wealth, 233.
Division of labor, advantages, 182;
disadvantages, 188;
economy of, 180;
limits, 184;
on farms, 186.
Duty, or custom, 357.
Economic functions of government, 337.
Economic machinery of government, 346.
Economic science, 2.
Efficiency, requisites, 53.
Enlightened vs. savage, 50.
“Equality of opportunity,” 333.
Equity in wages, 277.
Exchange, advantages, 58;
in distribution, 234;
in production, 58;
limits of, 60;
its machinery, 109.
Excise collections, 357.
Exemptions from taxes, 354.
Exertion as related to value, 69.
Expanding credit, 167.
Farm crops in United States since 1850, 10;
interests, fluctuation of, 9;
products, prices of, 78;
stock in United States, 9, 83.
Farming combinations, 204.
Farms in the United States, 9, 304;
small, for homes, 202.
Federations of labor, 267.
Final utility, 67.
Financial crisis, 169.
Floating capital, 43.
Fluctuation of prices, 87-108.
Forces in production, 27.
Franchises, 211.
Free communication, 109.
Freedom in markets, 75.
General welfare, 1.
Gold, ratio to silver, 124;
standard, 128.
Government and universal needs, 339.
Government chief incentive to production, 206.
Government, ends of, 338;
stable, 18.
Government banks, 147;
churches, 342;
debts, 368, 370.
Government lands, 294.
Government machinery, 346.
Government resources, 346.
Government wards, 342.
Governmental limits, 337.
Grains, consumption of, 84.
Gresham's law, 125.
Hard times, 172;
causes of, 173;
cure for, 178;
remedies, 176.
Higgling of the market, 73.
Hogs, number in United States, 9, 83;
prices of, 95-99.
Horses, number in U. S., 9, 83.
Human energy, 27.
Ideal manliness, 49.
Improved farming, effect of, 81.
Imprudent consumption, 319.
Incentive of good government, 206.
Income taxes, 360.
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Indirect taxes, 356.
Individual Efficiency, 49.
Individual responsibility for use of wealth, 310.
Individualism, 328.
Inheritance taxes, 363.
Insurance, applications of, 229, 239;
governmental control of, 228;
methods of, 226;
nature of, 225.
Interest and rent distinguished, 279;
principles of, 283;
reasons for, 283;
uses of, 291;
varying rates of, 286.
Invention in farming, 36.
Labor and savings, relative importance, chart, 53.
Labor conflicts, arbitration in, 268.
Labor defined and classified, 32;
operative, executive, speculative, 35;
physical, mental, moral, 34.
Labor restrictions, 274.
Land as a force, 29.
Land rent, 293.
Land values, decrease of, 302;
sources of, 297;
variation, 300.
Legal tender, 166.
License, 210, 347.
Live stock in United States, 9, 83.
Loan associations, 290.
Lockout, the, 263.
Luxury, legal restrictions upon, 321;
not easily defined, 319.
Luxurious consumption, 319.
Manliness, ideal, 49.
Market, the higgling of, 73.
Market price, 77.
Markets, 72; freedom in, 75.
Measures, weights and, 114.
Methods of association, 55.
Monometalism, 126.
Monopoly privileges, 209.
Mortgage note, 159.
Mules, number of in United States, 9, 83.
Multiple standard, the, 129.
National bank currency, advantages of, 146.
National banks, 144.
National standards of value, 128.
“Nationalism,” 332.
Nationalization of industry, 275.
Natural forces, 28.
“Nihilism,” 329.
Normal value, 70.
Oats, acreage and yield, 9, 84;
prices of New York, 87-91;
consumption of, 84.
Obstacles to fair adjustment of wages, 259.
Over-production, 172.
Ownership, 15.
Panic, financial, 179.
Patents, 210.
Personal attainments, 45.
Population, drifting to cities, 303.
Population in United States, 9, 83
Pork, prices of, 95-99.
Power not wealth, 6.
Preface, vii-ix.
Premiums, 206.
Price of products and rent, 299.
Price, the market, 77.
Prices of beef, 100-105;
corn, oats, wheat, 87;
of farm products, annual fluctuations, 93, 98, 100, 100, 104;
of farm products, fluctuations, 78;
of hogs and pork, 95-101;
of iron, kerosene, silver, and farm wages, 106;
of wheat, England, 93;
of wheat, New York, 87-93.
Principles of taxation, 348.
Proceeds of capital, 279.
Production defined, 21; extended, 25;
forces in, 27.
Productive industries, 21; labor, 32.
Promissory note, 158.
Profit sharing, 269.
Profits defined, 236, 241;
fluctuation in, 255;
in agriculture, 254;
in competition, 252;
offset by losses, 256;
tendency of, 253;
variation in, 251.
Progress in welfare, 17.
Provision for future wants, 316.
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Property, public, 16.
Property rights, 15.
Protection of the weak, 343.
Protective tariff, reasons for, 213;
reasons against, 217.
Prudent consumption, 312.
Prudent use of wealth, 312.
Public property, 16.
Public responsibility, 344.
Quality, standard of, 116.
Railroads in United States, miles of, 83.
Ready transportation, 111.
Rent, interest and, 279;
propriety of, 295;
in price of products, 299.
Rents, variation, 300.
Rent values of land, 293.
Repudiation of government debts, 370.
Restrictive legislation, wages, 274.
Restrictions on luxury, 321.
Rural wealth analyzed, 12.
Savage vs. enlightened, 50.
Sheep, number in U. S., 9, 83.
Silver, ratio to gold, 124.
Single land tax, 365.
Skill, 46.
Sliding scale of wages, 271.
Small farms for homes, 202.
Socialism, 330.
Socialistic tendencies, 333.
Social organization for consumption, 328.
Sources of land values, 297.
Special incentives to production, 206.
Special taxes, 364.
Standard, the multiple, 129.
Standards of value, 117; in United
States, 120; fluctuation of, 121.
Standing account, 158.
State banks, 136.
Statistics, use of, 160.
Stock of farms since 1850, in U. S., 9.
Stock company, 161.
Stock exchange, 162.
Strikes, 259.
Supply and demand, 72.
Tariffs, 213, 357.
Tariff, incidental tendencies, 220;
reasons against, 217;
reasons for, 215.
Tax, a single land, 365.
Taxation, direct and indirect, 351;
exemption of bonds, 369;
of credits, 359;
principles of, 348.
Taxes, assessment of, 353;
on incomes, 360;
on inheritance, 363;
on liquors, etc., 359;
peculiar forms of, 358;
special, 364.
Trades unions, 264.
Transformation in production, 24.
Transmutation in production, 24.
Transportation, cost of, 113;
in production, 22;
ready means of, 111.
Trusts, 204;
may cheapen products, 194.
Universal education, 341.
Universal needs met by government, 339.
Usury laws, 288.
Utility as related to value, 66.
Value and cost, 69.
Value, essentials of, 65;
from utility, 66;
in services, 65;
nature of, 63;
normal, 70;
of gold and silver, fluctuations of, 122;
standards of, 117;
the basis of exchange, 63.
Vicious consumption, 323.
Wage-earners in conflict with profit-makers, 257.
Wages and profits, 239.
Wages, defined, 241;
fluctuation of, 248;
obstacles to fair, 259;
of women, 247;
real and nominal, 236;
relation to wheat price, 93;
sliding scale, 271;
tend upward, 248;
under stimulated competition, 245;
under supply and demand, 244;
variation of, 243;
with cheap transportation, 250.
Wants basis of wealth, 14;
certain, 14;
individual, 16.
Waste, false notions of, 325.
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Waste in rivalry, 326.
Wasteful consumption, 323.
Watering stock, 162.
Wealth, consumption of, 307;
defined, 5, 51;
distinguished from power, 6;
distribution, 255;
individual use of, 309;
in farming, 3;
in welfare, 1;
for welfare, 307;
material, 12;
(rural) analyzed, 12;
used by individuals, 307.
Weights and measures, 114;
system of, decimal, 115.
Welfare, elements of, 1;
mutual, 2;
progress in, 17, 373.
Wheat, acreage and yield, 84;
crop in United States, 84, 87, 91;
world's crop, 87, 91.
Wheat prices, annual New York, 91;
in England, 93;
in New York, 87-93.
Women's wages, 247.
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