ILLUSTRATIONS

The Ancient Watch-tower of Fort Marion, St. Augustine,

Florida Frontispiece

(By courtesy of the St. Augustine Historical Society)

Mighty Louisburg To-day, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia:

To Sea from the Ruined Walls2

All That Remains Standing2

Water-front of Present-day Detroit16

Where Indian Canoes and the Palisades of the French Were.

Old Block-house, Fort Pitt, Pittsburgh, Pa.18

(From a Painting in the Collection of the Pennsylvania Historical Society)

Fort Independence from the Water, Boston, Mass.26

Floating Hospital in Foreground

Fort Independence, Castle Island, Boston, Mass.:

Fort Winthrop from Castle Island30

Main Entrance, Fort Independence30

Harbor Side, Fort Independence, Boston, Mass.34

Entrance to Fort Columbus (Fort Jay), Governor’s Island, New York Harbor36

Fort Sites in Present-day New York City:

Fort Washington Point. Fort Lee on Opposite Shore38

Where Was Fort Amsterdam; the Customs House38

Fort Lafayette, from Fort Hamilton, New York45

Fort Ticonderoga, Lake Champlain, New York51

Interior Views of Fort Ticonderoga, N. Y.:

The Mess Hall62

A Council Room62

Crown Point, N. Y., in Dead of Winter:

Where the Flag Flew66

The Ruined Barracks66

The Heights of Quebec72

(By courtesy of Detroit Publishing Company)

Guns, Parade and Ancient Officers’ Quarters, Fort Annapolis Royal, N. S.84

(By courtesy of The Boston Times)

View from Citadel Hill, Halifax, N. S.94

Old Martello Tower, near Halifax, N. S.96

Fort Niagara, on Niagara River, N. Y.114

The South View of Oswego on Lake Ontario122

(From William Smith’s View of the Province of New York, London Edition, 1757)

Fort Michillimackinac and State Park, Mackinac Island, Michigan137

Old Block-house and Mission Point, Fort Michillimackinac Reservation, Mackinac Island, Michigan139

Fort Massac, on the Ohio (La Belle Riviere):

Memorial Monument, Erected by Illinois Daughters American Revolution142

From the River142

Entrance to Fort Putnam, West Point, N. Y., in Winter148

Showing Tower of New Academy Chapel in Middle Distance

Sketch Snap-shots of West Point’s Historic Memorials:

Fort Putnam’s Rocky Interior152

Kosciuszko Monument152

The North Wall, “Old Put”152

Fort Constitution (Castle William and Mary), Great Island, near Portsmouth, N. H.162

A Distant View of Fort Constitution165

Historic Points on the Thames River, Conn.:

Fort Griswold, Groton168

Fort Trumbull, New London168

Entrance to Fort Mifflin, Philadelphia174

The Moat in Winter, Fort Mifflin, Philadelphia178

Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md.:

A View from an Aeroplane180

The Guard-house180

Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md.:

Looking Toward the Lazaretto182

One of the Old Batteries in Place182

Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md.:

From This Point the Star Spangled Banner Flew187

The Entrance187

Col. George Armistead188

In Command of Fort McHenry During the Siege

Moat and Entrance, Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Fla.190

(By courtesy of the St. Augustine Historical Society)

Incline Leading to Ramparts, Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Fla.196

(By courtesy of the St. Augustine Historical Society)

Morro Castle, Havana, Cuba203

Fort San Carlos de Barrancas, near Pensacola, Florida209

(By courtesy of the Pensacola Chamber of Commerce)

Fort Scott and the Golden Gate, Presidio Reservation, San Francisco, Cal.216

(By courtesy of R. J. Waters & Co.)

Lime Rock Light-house, Newport Harbor, Looking Toward Fort Adams222

Glimpses of Newport’s Historic Defences:

Parade, Old Fort Adams225

Present-day Aspect of Fort Greene225

Panorama of Newport Harbor, R. I., Showing Fort Adams at Left Middle Distance230

Goat Island in Central Distance.

Fort Dumplings, Conanicut Island, a Revolutionary Relic Near Newport231

From the Ramparts of Fort Monroe, Looking Toward Hampton Roads232

Taken During the Jamestown Celebration by the United States War Department and Reproduced by Special Permission.

Garden View of One of Monroe’s Ante-bellum Residences234

Fire!!!236

Showing Shells Just Leaving Mortars, Fort Monroe, Va. This Remarkable Photograph Was Taken with Modern High Speed Apparatus by the Corps of Enlisted Specialists Stationed at This Post.

(By courtesy of the War Department)

Casemates of Fort Monroe, as They Were During the Civil War239

Fort Sumter, a Pile of Stone on a Sandy Shoal242

The Deserted Casemates of Fort Pulaski, near Savannah, Ga.253

Scenes of Desolation at Fort Pulaski, near Savannah, Ga.:

Parade and Ramparts256

The Battered Eastern Salient256

Old Stone Tower at Fort Snelling, near St. Paul, Minn.268

Ruins of the Alamo in 1845280

From a Sketch Upon Map of the Country in the Vicinity of San Antonio de Bexar Made by J. Edmund Blake, 1st Lieutenant Topographical Engineers, U. S. A.

(By courtesy of the War Department)

Fort Keogh, near Miles City, Montana289

Fort Yuma, California296

(By courtesy of the War Department)

Scenes at Valley Forge, Pa.:

National Memorial Arch300

Washington’s Headquarters300

Two Views To-day of the “Crater,” Petersburg, Va.:

The Slaughter Hollow302

The Entrance to the Tunnel302

QUAINT AND HISTORIC FORTS OF NORTH AMERICA