DATES OF CHIEF EVENTS AND CHIEF PEOPLE.
Reading edition
B.C.E.
Return from Babylon 536
Dedication of Second Temple 516
Institution of Purim 473
Judea under Egyptian rule 320
Simon I., the Just; high priest 310
The Septuagint translation made 240
Judea is conquered by Syria 203
Antiochus IV., Epiphanes, King of Syria 175‒163
Institution of Hanucah 164
Judea an independent state 141
The Idumeans are conquered, and forced to accept Judaism 120
Judas Aristobulus, the first Jewish king 106
Civil war between the brothers Hyrcanus II. and Aristobulus 70
Pompey in Jerusalem 63
Herod I. becomes King of Judea 37
Hillel I. president of the Sanhedrin 30
The Temple rebuilt by Herod 20
C.E.
Judea a Roman province 7
Origin of the Christian religion 37
Philo, Jewish philosopher in Alexandria 40
Fall of Jerusalem and destruction of the Temple 70
Jochanan ben Zakkai establishes a college at Jamnia 70
The Pentateuch is translated into Chaldee by Onkelos, and the whole Bible into Greek by Akylos 130
The Jews rise under Barcochba against the Romans 133‒135
Akiba dies 135
Compilation of the Mishnah by Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi 190
Colleges founded in Babylonia by Rab and Samuel 219
The Jerusalem Talmud compiled 320
Hillel II. fixes the Jewish calendar (at present in use) 360
The Babylonian Talmud completed 500
A Jewish kingdom in Yemen 500
First Gaon in Sura, Mar Isaac 658
Origin of the vowel signs and accents in Hebrew 650
The Arabs conquer Spain 711
The Chazars embrace Judaism 740
Development of Karaism 761
Saadia of Fajum, philosopher and theologian 892‒942
Foundation of colleges by Babylonian scholars in Western countries 950
Hai, the last of the Gaonim 998‒1038
Solomon Gabirol 1037‒1070
Rashi (Rabbi Solomon Yitschaki) 1040‒1105
Beginning of the Crusades and of the persecutions of the Jews in Europe 1096
Moses ibn Ezra 1070‒1139
Judah ha-Levi 1085‒1145
Abraham ibn Ezra 1092‒1167
Moses Maimonides 1135‒1204
Benjamin of Tudela, traveller 1165‒1173
Persecution of Jews in England under Richard I. 1189
The writings of Maimonides burnt at Paris 1233
The Jewish Parliament summoned by Henry III. 1240
Copies of the Talmud burnt at Paris 1242
Expulsion of Jews from England 1290
Jacob Asheri completes the religious code called the Four Turim 1340
Persecution of Jews in Europe in consequence of the Black Death 1349
Don Isaac Abarbanel 1437‒1509
The first Hebrew books printed 1475
Inquisition against the Marannos 1480
Expulsion of the Jews from Spain 1492
Expulsion of the Jews from Portugal 1497
The first ghetto in Venice 1516
Reuchlin for the Talmud, Pfefferkorn against it 1506‒1516
First complete edition of the Talmud printed 1520
Spanish Jews settle in Holland 1591
Manasseh ben Israel 1604‒1657
Sabbatai Zevi 1626‒1676
Baruch Spinoza 1632‒1677
Slaughter of Jews in Poland by the Cossacks under Chmielnicki 1648
Manasseh ben Israel came to England 1655
First Portuguese synagogue in London 1656
First German synagogue in London 1692
Moses Mendelssohn born 1729
The edict of Joseph II., Emperor of Austria 1782
Moses Montefiore born 1784
Frederick William II. of Prussia abolishes the ‘Leibzoll’ 1787
The Jews in France emancipated 1791
Jews admitted to the freedom of the City of London 1832
The Jews’ civil disabilities in England removed 1845
Persecution of Jews in Damascus: Professor Theodore’s letter on same 1840
D. Salomons elected M.P. for Greenwich 1851
Jewish Oath Bill passed 1858