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Our Schools in War Time—and After

INDEX

Reading edition

Agricultural education, establishment of, in city schools, 156, 314

home-project work, 321

relation of, to farm-cadet service, 322

Agricultural labor, resolutions of New York State Board of Regents in regard to, 95

shortage of, 136

farm-garden permits for, 159

release of schoolboys for, 161-163

justification for employment of boys for, 164

German women and children in, 236, 242, 243

English children in farm work, 236-240

organizing boys for, 246-256

example of distribution of, 255-256

social significance of boys in, 270-271

age distinctions of boys, 274

types of farm employers, 280-282

Attendance laws, abrogating of, in England, 135

types of action possible in regard to, 138-139

action of various states in regard to, 140-143

lessons to be learned from England, 144-146

modification of, 155

changes in New York State, 157-159

enlistment for farm service in New York State and relation to, 160-161

relaxing, for agricultural work, 237-239

constructive policy in amending, 309

Aviation schools, 98

Blind, the, reëducating, 211-213, 215

Boy Scouts, 87, 130, 140, 172, 306, 309, 328

Camp Fire Girls, 328

Canada, convalescent homes for disabled soldiers in, 215

work of Military Hospitals Commission in, 228-231

boys for farm work in, 247

Census, agricultural, by schools of New York State, 24, 277

school principal may direct, 312

Claxton, P. P., 92, 146-150

Colleges, continuance of, during war time, 80-83, 92

spirit of mobilization of, 83-86

war-emergency courses in, 86-90, 96-103

maintenance of academic status of, 91, 93-94

field of service for departments of psychology in, 101-103

contribution of geological departments of, 105

effect of war on curricula of, 111

demand for graduates of, 147-148

Commercial schools, indefiniteness of aim in, 316-317

short-unit and part-time courses in, 317

Community canning clubs. See Conservation of food

Conservation of food, need of, 25-28

saving of waste in New York City, 29-31

Columbia lectures on, 87-88

canning clubs, 125-127, 320

drying and evaporating, 126-127, 320

county superintendents' duties, 326

Continuation schools, enacting of laws for, 155

Council for National Defense, 94, 96, 315

Cripples, reëducating the, 211-233

Democracy, teaching of, 149-150

making safe for the world, 326

leisure necessary for, 329

Disabled soldiers, reëducating the, 211-233

Domestic arts, new spirit of teaching, 118

criticism of existing teaching of, 192

improvements in teaching, 193-194

Thrift Club, 321

Domestic science, new spirit of teaching, 119

teaching adults, 122, 319

traveling kitchens, 124

demonstration train, 124

war recipes, 319

home cadets, 321

Education, effect of war on, 113-114

equal opportunity for, 327

socialized, 327

vocational guidance in, 327

for subnormals and cripples, 328.

See also Colleges, Commercial Schools, Schools, etc.

Employment of children, care exercised in, 146

out of school hours, 149

divergent points of view in regard to, 150-151

recognizing work impulses in, 151-152

occupational study of a group of boys, 186-190

"blind-alley occupations," 190-191

waste of boy power, 191

England's schools, use of buildings in war, 18-20

as distributing agencies for information, 23-24

compiling of National Register by, 24

open days for parents, 28

traveling kitchens in, 29, 124

thrift teaching in, 31-32

training semiskilled workers in, 59-60, 66, 75-76

productive work of technical schools, 60-61

courses in cantonments, 101-102

garden work as substitute for manual training in, 121-122

short courses in cookery in, 123

training cooks for army, 128

furnishing meals to children in, 129

furnishing soldiers' kits and hospital equipment, 132-134

abrogating attendance laws, 135, 137-138

restricting labor of school children, 144-146

children for farm work, 236-240

plans for supervision of schoolboy farm labor, 240-242

reorganization of, 304

Evening schools, trade-extension work in, 72

training of foremen in, 316

Farm cadets, organization of, in New York State, 172

reason for organizing, 234-245

plan for use of, 246, 272-274

rearrangement of school program for, 247-248, 313-314

wages of, 249, 250, 253, 261, 262, 265, 267, 278

agreements and contracts, 251-252, 279-280, 282-287

New York State plan, 253-254

physical examination, 264, 274-275

enlistment blanks, 276

Farm-labor camps, explanation of, 245

Massachusetts plan, 248-253

agreements and contracts, 251-252, 265

illustration of different types of, 256-261

food cost and preparation, 258, 295-297

menus, 259

recreation, 260, 297

wages, 261, 262, 265, 267-269

labor distribution, 261-262, 266-268

personal equipment, 262, 292

camp equipment, 262, 264, 268

illustration of training type, 263-266

agricultural instruction in, 267, 297-299

flying-squadron type, 267-268, 302-303

leadership, 273, 287-292

sanitation, 295

definitions of various types, 298-303

Federal Board of Vocational Education, 54-55, 314-315

France, reëducation of disabled soldiers in, 214-225

French schools, use of buildings in war, 20-21

war financing helped by teachers of, 39-40

teaching the meaning of the war in, 41, 44-46

changing aspects of, due to war, 41, 51-52

sewing for soldiers in, 133

part-time, 155

normal schools' contribution to war service, 199

Red Cross work, 208

German schools, efficiency spirit of, 17, 104

contribution to agricultural labor, 242-243

conservation of natural resources in, 243-244

industrial-efficiency idea in, 305

History, teaching of, 46-47

Industrial and trade schools, contribution of, to manufacturing needs, 60

war-emergency courses in, 63, 314-315

question of production in, 66-67

readjustment in war time, 71

open in summer, 72-73

part-time classes in, 74-76

teaching of hygiene in, 77

producing farm-camp equipment, 252

inventories of equipment, 315

state study of possible war uses of, 315

Junior Red Cross, 207, 209-210

Labor, war demands for, 58

industrial schools meeting shortage of, 61, 68-69

one method of training, 61-64

educative value of, 152-153

Liberty Loan bonds, and the schools, 37-39, 311, 325

Library, service of, in war time, 104-105

Manual training, garden work in place of, 130-131

war-service work in, 131-132, 317-319

making Red Cross splints, 206, 317

abandoning models, 318

in connection with junior high schools, 319

Military equivalents, recognition of, in New York State, 171, 305

experience in England, France, and Germany, 173

necessity of conscious service, 174, 177-180

types of occupations having, 175-176

"Moral Equivalent of War," 176

an example of, in agriculture, 181-185

an example of, in industry, 186-189

farm labor as a military equivalent, 254

Military training, exemptions from, 165, 167

compulsory in New York State, 166

in high schools, 167-170

including employed boys, 168, 170-171

vocational training in relation to, 173

adaptability of, 309

"Moral Equivalent of War," 176

National Board for Historical Service, 46

National Council of Defense, 94, 96, 315

National Security League, 49-50, 140

National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education, 64

Naval schools, description of, 77-79

Off-time classes, importance of, 72

Part-time education, opportunity for, 74-75

war-emergency courses in, 154-155

enacting laws for, 155

farm work and, 240

as an economy measure, 308-309

Patriotism, teaching meaning of the war, 42

necessity for teaching, 42-44, 48-49

topics in relation to, 50-51

Physical training, compulsory in New York State, 166

recommendations of New Jersey Commission in regard to, 167-170

importance of, from military standpoint, 168-169

advantages of, over military training, 309

Posters, war, 129-130

Practical arts, definition of, 116

project plan of teaching, 117-118

influence of war-service work on, 117

Principal, war duties of, 33-34, 310-314

Red Cross, work for, in schools, 194, 196-198, 311

a state plan of school service to, 200-201

use of knitting machines, 202

work for, in Troy, N.Y., 202-205

making splints, 206

Home Service division of, 207-208

Junior Red Cross, 207, 209-210

what can be done in schools for, 207

reporting home conditions to, 308

Reëducation, the problem of the physically handicapped, 211-213

relation to federal insurance, 213

a government problem, 214

instruction for the blind in France, 215

L'École Joffre, 216-219

instruction in vocational subjects in France, 218-221, 224-225

percentage capable of, in France, 222

the problem in the United States, 225-228

industrial accidents and, 232

Roosevelt, Theodore, 11, 324-325

Rural schools, agricultural labor under direction of, 153-154

camp in connection with, 302

School boards, in relation to war service, 306-307

provisions of, for drafted teachers, 307-308

organization of vocational courses by, 310

planning for agriculture by, 310

work of, for avoiding juvenile delinquency, 310

School principals, 33-34, 310-314

Schools, as distributing centers for pamphlets, etc., 22, 311

furnishing lunches to children in, 128-129, 308

opportunity for poster work in, 129-130

maintaining efficiency of, 146

keeping children in, 147, 308

postponement of construction work for, 149

agricultural activities in rural, 153

lengthening terms and hours of, 308.

See also Commercial schools, French schools, etc.

Smith-Hughes Bill, 54, 57

Teachers, work of, in promoting French government loans, 39-40

opportunities of, to teach history, 46-49

New York State directions to, 119-121

service of, on committees, 326

war-service programs of, 326

Technical institutes: war-service courses in Wentworth Institute, Boston, 106-107

Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, 107-108

Dunwoody Institute, Minneapolis, 108-111

Thrift, necessity for, 31-33

practice of, in England, 31-32, 36-37

teaching of, 35

campaign for, 311

Thrift Club, 321

Trade schools. See Industrial and trade schools

Traveling kitchens, 29, 124

Unit courses, organization of, 73-74

utility of, 306

United States Boys' Working Reserve, 163-164, 322-324

Vocational education, definition of, 53

federal grants for, 54-55

federal requirements of, 56

adjustment of, to industrial needs, 59

standardization of products, 195

"safety-first" instruction in, 212

opportunity for teachers in, 233

influence of automatic machinery on, 329

for distinct callings, 329

War Savings certificates, in England, 36-37

in the United States, 311

Wilson, Woodrow, 1, 54, 72-73, 81-82, 209, 324

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